International Islamic University,

Islamabad
Power Distribution and Utilization

EXPERIMENT # 10:

Analysis of Losses in distribution system due to a single house

Name of Student: …………………………………..

Roll No.: ……………………………………………
Date of Experiment: ………………………………..
EXPERIMENT # 10:
Analysis of Losses in distribution system due to a single house
Now-a-days electrical energy is generated, transmitted and distributed in the form of alternating current.
One important reason for the widespread use of alternating current in preference to direct current is the
fact that alternating voltage can be conveniently changed in magnitude by means of a transformer.
Transformer has made it possible to transmit a.c. power at high voltage and utilize it at a safe potential.
High transmission and AC Distribution System voltages have greatly reduced the current in the
conductors and the resulting line losses.

There is no definite line between transmission and distribution according to voltage or bulk capacity.
However, in general, the AC Distribution System is the electrical system between the step-down
substation fed by the transmission system and ‘the consumers’ meters. The AC Distribution System is
classified into Primary distribution system and Secondary distribution system.

The secondary distribution system is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Secondary distribution system

Now consider the distribution system of figure 2 which connect your house with the distribution system
available in your town. To power up your house utilities, a specific amount of current is passing through
distribution system which result in losses in the system. Compute the losses in the distribution system due
to you house utilities (for each type of loads) and mention those losses in the observation table.
Note: Add up all similar loads in lump load like: load of bulb 1+bulb 2 +bulb 3= Load of bulb
Table 1
S.No. Load Rating
1 Load 1,2,…,N Rating of loads at your home
2 Grid Voltage 32kV
3 Bus Voltage 11kV
4 Serviceman Voltage 220V
5 Lent of distributer 1km
6 Length of serviceman 50m
 Figure 2. A house connected to distribution system

Observation:
Simulate the circuit of Figure 2 in ETAP software and fill the table 2 give below:

Table 2
S.No. Load Ratting and Losses
1 Total loads of your
house
2 Distributor losses
3 Serviceman Losses
4 Total losses

Comments:
(Write your observation in words that what you have seen in the above experiment)