1.

The lungs are enclosed in a serous membrane called the

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pleura
alveoli
bronchioles
trachea

The purpose of the cilia is to

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cover the opening of the larynx during swallowing
connect the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx
act as a passageway for air to pass to and from the lungs
move the mucus back to the larynx

The nurse is performing chest auscultation for patient with asthma. How
does the nurse describe the high-pitched, sibilant, musical sounds that are
heard?
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Rales
Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchi

The left lung, in contrast to the right lung, has ____________.

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one less lobe
two less lobes
three less lobes
four less lobes

_____________ are the alveolar cells that secrete surfactant.

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Type I
Alveolar macrophages
Type III
Type II cells

Decreased gas exchange at the cellular level resulting from a toxic substance s
classified as ___________.
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Hypoxemic
Circulatory
Histotoxic
Anemic
The term used to describe thoracic surgery in which an entire lung is removed is
known as ______________.
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Segmentectomy
Wedge Resection
Lobectomy
Pneumonectomy

A patient with emphysema is placed on continuous oxygen at 2 L/min at

home. Why is it important for the nurse to educate the patient and family
that they must have No Smoking signs placed on the doors?
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Oxygen is combustible
Oxygen is explosive
Oxygen prevents the dispersion of smoke particles
Oxygen supports combustion

A patient with COPD requires oxygen administration. What method of

delivery does the nurse know would produce optimal results for this
patient?
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A nasal cannula
An oropharyngeal catheter
A nonrebreathing mask
A Venturi mask

A patient in the ICU has been orally intubated and on mechanical

ventilation for 2 weeks after having a severe stroke. What action does the
nurse anticipate the health-care provider will take now that the patient has
been intubated for this length of time?
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The patient will be extubated and another endotracheal tube will be inserted
The patient will be extubated and a nasotracheal tube will be inserted
The patient will have an insertion of a tracheostomy tube
The patient will begin the weaning process

The nurse is planning the care of a patient admitted to the hospital with
hypertension. What objective will help to meet the needs of this patient?
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Lowering and controlling the blood pressure without adverse effects and without undue cost
Making sure that the patient adheres to the therapeutic medication regimen
Instructing the patient to enter a weight loss program and begin an exercise regimen
Scheduling the patient for all follow-up
The most frequently occurring sign of myocardial ischemia is _________.
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shortness of breath
nausea
dizziness
chest pain referred to as angina pectoris

The nurse is caring for a patient who is having chest pain associated with a
MI. What medication should the nurse administer intravenously to reduce
pain and anxiety?
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Meperidine hydrrochloride
Hydromorphone hydrochloride
Morphine sulfate
Codeine sulfate

A patient comes to the clinic reporting a sore throat and is diagnosed with acute
pharyngitis. which causative bacteria does the nurse anticipate was the cause of
the acute pharyngitis?
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Group A, beta-hemolytic streptococci
Gram-negative Klebsiella
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphyloccus aureus

All but one is a classic sign of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

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snoring
shortness of breath
sleepiness
significant-other report of sleep apnea episodes

Atelectasis refers to
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the inhalation of foreign material into the lungs
an inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by various organisms, including bacteria,
mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses
closure or collapse of alveoli and often described in relation to chest x-ray findings and/or
clinical signs and symptoms
a localized collection of pus caused by microbial infection

A patient has herpes simplex infection that developed after having the
common cold. What medication does the nurse anticipate will be
administered for this infection?
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An antiviral agent such as acyclovir
An antibiotic such as amoxicillin
An antihistamine such as diphenhydramine
An ointment such as bacitracin

Medication therapy for allergic and nonallergic rhinitis focuses on __________.

(answer in CAPS)
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ANTIHISTAMINES

A patient comes to the clinic and is diagnosed with tonsillitis and

adenoiditis. What bacterial pathogen does the nurse know is commonly
associated with tonsillitis and adenoiditis?
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Gram-negative Klebsiella
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Group A, beta-hemolytic streptococcus
Staphylococcus aureus

The nurse is educating a patient who will be started on an antituberculosis

medication regimen. The patient asks the nurse, " How long will I have to
be on these medicatons?'' What should the nurse tell the patient?
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3 months
3 to 5 months
6 to 12 months
13 to 18 months

The nurse is caring for a patient with pleurisy. What symptoms does the
nurse recognize are significant for this patient's diagnosis?
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Dullness or flatness on percussion over areas of collected fluid
Dyspnea and coughing
Fever and chills
Stabbing pain during respiratory movement

A patient comes to the clinic for the third time in 2 months with chronic
bronchitis. What clinical symptoms does the nurse anticipate assessing for
this patient?
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Chest pain during respiration
Sputum and a productive cough
Fever, chills, and diaphoresis
Tachypnea and tachycardia

The nurse should be alert for a complication of bronchiectasis that results from a
combination of retained secretions and obstruction and that leads to the collapse
of alveoli. What complication should the nurse monitor for?
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Atelectasis
Emphysema
Pleurisy
Pneumonia

The nurse is educating a patient with asthma about preventive measures to

avoid having an asthma attack. What does the nurse inform the patient is a
priority intervention to prevent an asthma attack?
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Using a long-acting steroid inhaler when an attack is coming?
Avoiding exercise and any strenuous activity
Preparing a written action plan
Staying in the house if it is too cold o too hot

The nurse is assessing a patient who comes to the clinic reporting feeling
constantly tired and very weak. The patient also has a very sore tongue, and
upon observing the patient's oral cavity, the nurse notices the tongue is beefy
red. What type of anemia does the nurse know these symptoms indicate?
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Iron deficiency anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Sickle cell disease
Aplastic anemia

The nurse is performing an assessment for a client with anemia admitted to

the hospital to have blood transfusions administered. Why would the nurse
need to include a nutritional assessment for this patient?
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It is part of the required assessment information
It is important for the nurse to determine what type of foods the patient will eat
It may indicate deficiencies in essential nutrients
It will determine what type of anemia the patient has

A patient describes numbness in the arms and hands with a tingling sensation
and frequent stumbling when walking. What vitamin deficiency does the nurse
determine may contribute to some of these symptoms?
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Thiamine
Folate
B12
Iron

The nurse is educating a patient with iron deficiency anemia about food
sources high in iron and how to enhance the absorption of iron when
eating these foods. What can the nurse inform the client would enhance the
absorption?
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Eating calf's liver with a glass of orange juice
Eating leafy green vegetables with a glass of water
Eating apple slices with carrots
Eating a steak with mushrooms

A patient with sickle cell disease comes to the emergency department reporting
sever pain in the back, right hip, and right arm. What intervention is important for
the nurse to provide?
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Administer aspirin
Administer ibuprofen
Start an intravenous line with dextrose 5% in 0.24 normal saline
Begin oxygen at 2 L/min