RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY
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Heaven’s Light is Our Guide

Course Title: Mechanics of Solids Sessional.

Course No: MTE 3156

Submitted by: Submitted to:

Name: Anwar Islam Akash Dr. Mhia Md. Zaglul Shahadat
Roll: 1708044 Professor,
Session: 2017-2018 Head of Department of Mechanical
Department:Mechatronics Engineering, Engineering,
RUET. RUET.

Experiment date: 19/06/2021

Submission date: 13/08/2021
Experiment No: 05
Experiment Name:
Style And Observation of Buckling Test of Different Types of Columns (Different
end condition)

Objectives:
1. To understand the application of Euler’s column theory.
2. To understand the buckling test procedure of columns.
3. To observe the effects of ends on critical load of columns.
4. To compare the theoretical and practical of critical load of different types of columns.
5. To determine the modulus of elasticity (E)

Theory:
A column is a compression member that is so slender compared to its length that under gradually
increasing loads if fails by buckling at loads considerably less than those required to case failure
by crashing. It has been observed that when a column is subjected to some compressive force,
then compressive stress induced.

σ= P/A
Where, P= Compressive Force

A=Cross sectional areas of the columns

Critical Load:
If the load is gradually increased, the column will reach a stage when it will start buckling. The
load at which the column just starts to buck is called buckling load, critical load on crippling load
and the column is said to have developed an elastic instability.

Critical load for two end hinged column:

Pcr = 𝜋2 EI/L2
Critical load for one end hinged and other end fixed column:
Pcr = 2𝜋2 EI/L2
Critical load for two end fixed column:

Pcr= 4𝜋2 EI/L2

Calculations:
Column Length,L=650mm
Moment of inertia,I= 106.66 mm4
Modulus of Elasticity,E=21000 N/mm2

Data table for two end hinged column:

Deflection .25 .50 .75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 5.00
(mm)
Force(N) 225 300 350 375 410 440 470 500 510 515 530

Data table for one end hinged and other end fixed column:
Deflection .25 .50 .75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 5.00
(mm)
Force(N) 290 400 490 560 640 680 745 775 800 815 850

Data table for two end fixed column:

Deflection .25 .50 .75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 5.00
(mm)
Force(N) 400 760 960 1140 1320 1460 1500 1610 1660 1690 1730

Column Length,L=650mm
Moment of inertia,I= 106.66 mm4
Modulus of Elasticity,E=21000 N/mm2

Pcr = 𝜋2 EI/L2
= (𝜋2 ×210000 × 106.66) / (650)2
=523.23 N

Critical load for one end hinged and other end fixed column:
Pcr = 2𝜋2 EI/L2
= (2 × 𝜋2 ×210000 × 106.66) / (650)2
=1046.46N

Critical load for two end fixed column:

Pcr= 4𝜋2 EI/L2

= (4 × 𝜋2 ×210000 × 106.66) / (650)2
=2092.93 N
Discussion:
Though the whole experiment was done with great care, there were still some error. In this
experiment, it was seen that the load was varying by the change of the surface area of the
columns. With the increase of surface area, the load resistance capacity was increased.

Conclusion:
After doing this experiment, the application of Euler’s columns theory was understood. The
buckling test procedure of different columns was understood and the effects of ends on critical
load was observed. The procedure of determining the modulus of elasticity was also learnt.