ELE 3614

ELE 3614
Microcontroller Systems Assignments

Learning outcome: 2
Assignment No. :2
Implement the process of development from flowchart to program

Student Name
Student ID Number

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1. What is machine language?
Machine language is the language that computers can only understand, or we can say, “It is a collection of binary bits and digits in
form of 0 and 1 that computer is capable of understanding it”.

The example of machine language code using a string of "Hello World." is depicted below:

01001000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00100000 01010111 01101111 01110010 01101100 01100100

2. What is the software or program used to translate high level language into machine language?
Complier is the software or program which is used to translate high level language into machine language. Once a program's code
is compiled from high-level languages like C or C++ etc into machine language by the complier, which itself is in the form of ‘0’
or ‘1’ then it will be comprehended by computers easily and swiftly.

For instance, complier will convert the decimal number 64d into binary number that is 01000000b which is in form of 0s and 1s.

3. What is the software or program used to translate assembly language into machine language?
Assembler is the software or program which is used to convert assembly language into machine language. Its instructions are
based upon the mnemonics and have the one to one correspondence with machine language instructions due to which the process
is called assembly rather than translation.

4. Which of the two programming languages assembly and high level can be used on two different machines?
High-level languages like Java, C++, Python are the machine independent languages. They cannot run directly on the target
machines, but needed to be complied to machine language first by a software or program like complier. Assembly language is
converted into machine code by assembler that totally operates with machine in a direct manner that is easier for OS to
comprehend but program written in assembly language are not machine independent.

5. Draw the main 5 symbols of a flowchart and give their functions.

Terminator

This symbol in flowchart is used to display Start / Stop of the program or code which is oval START / STOP
in shape.

Decision

This symbol in flowchart is used to display the decision True or False in a program or code which is
diamond in shape.

Initialization DECISION

This symbol in flowchart is used to display the initialization condition of variables in a program or code which is in
hexagon in shape.

PREPARATION

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Input / Output

This symbol in flowchart is used to display the input or output of the process variables in a
program or code which is parallelogram in shape.

INPUT / OUTPUT
Process

This symbol in flowchart is used to display the process on the variables in a program or code which
is rectangular in shape.

PROCESS

6. Draw the flowchart sections showing the 3 structures: repetition, selection, and sequence.

1. Sequence

The flowchart showing the specimen of “Sequence operation” has been shown below.

Operation 1

Operation 2

Operation 3

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2. Selection

The flowchart showing the specimen of “Selection operation” has been shown below.

TRUE FALSE
Choice 1 Choice 2

3. Repetition

The flowchart showing the specimen of “Repetition operation” has been shown below.

False

True

7. What are the contents of working register W after the following two instructions if Reg1 = 0xEF?
movf Reg1, 0 ; W= 0xEF
addlw 0x01
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Where the resultant value of “W” after execution of two instructions,

W = 0xEF + 0x01 = F0

8. What are the contents of working register W after each of the following instructions if W=0x12, R2 =0x02, and R6 =
0x15?

ADDWF R2, 0

Where the resultant value of “W” after execution of instruction,

W= 0x12 + 0x02 = 0xE

MOVLW D’14’

Where the resultant value of “W” after execution of instruction,

W = 0xE

XORWF R6, 0
Where the resultant value of “W” after execution of instruction,
W = (0xE) XOR (0x15) = 0000 1110 XOR 0001 0101 = 0x1B

9. Fill in the contents of W, PortA and PortB after each of the following instructions assuming no carry.

W PORTA PORT B
CLRW 0x00
MOVLW 24H 0x24
MOVWF PORTA 0x24
MOVWF PORTB 0x24
SWAPF PORTB, 1 0x42
SUBLW 0X08 0x24 - 0x08 = 1C
INCF PORTA,1 0x24 + 0x1 = 0x25
BSF STATUS, 0 carry =1
RRF PORTB,0 0xA1 1 0100 0010 -> 0 10100001 = 0xA1
ANDLW 2FH 10100001
00101111

00100001 = 0x21
COMF PORTA, 1 0010 0101 = 0x25

1101 1010 = 0xDA

ADDLW 0X02 0x21 + 0x02 = 0x23

10. Draw a flowchart to load two values 53H and 32H from PORTA and PORTB respectively. Add them and store the result
in PORTC.

Start
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PORTC = 0x00

PORTA = 0x53
PORTB = 0x32

PORTC = PORTA + PORTB

PORTC

End

End

11. Write the assembly program or C program of the problem in question-7.

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Assembly Language:

ORG 0x00
MOVF Reg1, 0 ; move input to W where Reg1 = 0xEF
ADDLW 0x01 ; Where the resultant value of “W” after execution W = 0xEF + 0x01 = F0
MOVWF Reg1 ; move it to output
END

12. Draw a flowchart for a system to turn on/off LEDs on PORTB when a switch ON PORTC is pressed with a delay of 1s
between.

Start
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Initialize LED Switch

on PORTC

Read LED Switch

state PORTC

With the delay of

1 sec

True False
Switch Pressed

LED ON LED OFF

on PORTB on PORTB

End

13. Write the assembly program or C program of the problem in question-9.

Assembly Language:
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ORG 0x00
CLRW
MOVLW 24H
MOVWF PORTA
MOVWF PORTB
SWAPF PORTB, 1 ; Swap on PORTB
SUBLW 0X08
INCF PORTA, 1
BSF STATUS, 0 ; Carry =1
RRF PORTB, 0
ANDLW 2FH
COMF PORTA, 1
ADDLW 0X02
END

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