Coiled Tubing Equipment

Five components of a CT unit

• Reel
• Power Pack
• Injector
• Control House
• BOPs

Pipe
 Reel

• Transport pipe
• Store pipe
• Continuous gas/fluid pumping
• Maintain pipe tension
 Factors affecting pipe
Internal
pressure while
cycling Reel radius
Spooling

Goose
neck
rollers
 Factors affecting pipe
Rig up
alignment Corrosive
fluids
Axial
stress

Traction Storage &

pressure Surface
conditions
 Factors affecting Pipe ( Cont.)
Injector gripper blocks
Welding
Number of cycles
Over pull
Mechanical damage
Manufacture defects
Common Chemistry For HSLA Carbon Steel
Coiled Tubing

C Mn P S Si Cr Ni Cu Mo Cb-V
Carbon Manganese Phosphor Sulfer Silicon Chromium Nicle Copper Molybdenum Cobalt

0.08 0.60 0.30 0.45

Modified ASTM 0.03 0.005 0.25 0.4 0.21
- - - - ---
A606 / Type-4 max max max max max
0.15 0.90 0.50 0.70

0.08 0.60 0.30 0.40 0.08 0.02

Modified ASTM 0.025 0.005 0.10 0.40
- - - - - -
A607 max max max max
0.17 0.90 0.45 0.60 0.15 0.04

By weight percent
 Coiled Tubing Material:
• In practice, the requirement of a coiled tubing string are met
as a compromise of specifications between the tubing
chemistry and the physical properties.
• The lower the Carbon content of a steel alloy, the lower the
strength.
• Low strength alloys are more resistant to the H2S
embitterment or the sulfide stress cracking (SSC) than high
strength alloys.
• The lower the sulfur content in the alloy, the higher the
resistance to H2S attack.
• Adding nickel to the alloy will increase the strength but will
reduce the alloy ductility and resistance to H2S.
• Adding chrome and copper also increases alloy strength
but without reducing the ductility.
• In general, HSLA steels are commonly used to achieve the
desired properties. They are identified as the Modified
ASTM A606 Type-4 and the Modified ASTM A607.
 STRESS STRAIN DIAGRAM

Ultimate limit (u)

Yield limit (y) Fraction Point (F)

Stress s=F/A Elastic limit (e)

PSI
Proportional limit (p)
c

O
Strain e =dL/L
 The proportional limit
The proportional limit is a linear relation
between stress and strain and the
corresponding strain to stress develops as
defined by Hooke’s law which state that

the amount of stress is equal to the amount

of strain multiplied by modulus of elasticity
of the material s =E*e E is called the
young’s modulus
 Elastic limit

The strain are considered to be elastic

and no permanent deformation , p-e
region is elastic but is not linear
relation between stress and strain.
 Yield limit

The permanent deformation occurs and the

plastic strain is developed as the material begins
to elongate.

The ultimate tensile strength

The max. strength can be applied to the material

,once the stress reached this limit it must be
suffer a separation failure but at stress less than
the ultimate stress called fraction point.
 CT Power - Hydraulics
• Conventional units hydraulic powered
• 2 systems - static and dynamic
• BOP and stripper use static pressure and
accumulator
• Injector and reel require pressure and
flowrate
• Small electric units exist
• Future designs electric or electric over
hydraulic
CTU Power Pack
POWER PACK
Prime mover usually diesel engine that provides power to hydraulic
circuits in CT Unit.
• Driving an array of hydraulic pumps supplying each system or circuit
with the required pressure & flow rate.
• Operate independently of exterior power or air supplies once started.
• Includes accumulators providing backup hydraulic energy to key
components in the event of an emergency
Power Pack Main Components:
• Engine
• Hydraulic Pumps
• Pressure Control Valves
• Hydraulic Reservoir
• Accumulators
• Filters & Strainers
• Heat Exchangers
• Hydraulic Fluid
• Safety Devices.
Coiled tubing injector head
Coiled tubing injector head

Inside tension
Outside tension
Load cells

Stuffing
box
 Injector types

Model Min pipe Max pipe Max Snub Max Pull

HR440 1” 2 ⅜” 20,000 lb 40,000 lb

HR5100 1 ½” 3 ½” 50,000 lb 100,000 lb

HR560 1” 2 ⅜” 26,000 lb 60,000 lb

HR580 1 ½” 3 ½” 40,000 lb 80,000 lb

HR635 1” 2 ⅜” 15,000 lb 35,000 lb

 GOOSE NECK
It guides CT from horizontal to vertical position as it leaves the reel to
enter the top of IH. Profiled rollers the Goose Neck support the CT
as it is bent over the Goose Neck arc.

The gooseneck can have a radius as small as 48” or as large as 120”

depending upon the size of the CT. Larger gooseneck sizes (radii)
are used to minimize the fatigue of the CT string. The
recommended gooseneck radii and their relative sizes are shown
below.
API RECOMMENDATIONS
CT Size Radius
1¼”
48” – 72”
1½”
Profiled Rollers
1¾”
72” – 96”
2”
2⅜”
90” – 120”
2⅞ CT GOOSE NECK
3½” 96” – 120”
Stuffing box
 CT Stuffing Box

• Dynamic seal around coiled tubing

• Compressed to seal by well pressure and
hydraulic pressure to seal
• Self lubricating polymers
• Change while CT in wellbore
• Intended to wear & be replaced
STRIPPER
Pressure containment device
• Installed above BOP & below IH.
• Dual assembly used for extreme well conditions.
• Hydraulic activation from Control Cabin.
• Can be redressed during operation with pressure isolated
1. Conventional Stripper
2. Tandem Stripper
3. Side Door Stripper
4. Radial Stripper
 CONVENTIONAL STRIPPER
Upper Brass
• Hydraulic pressure applied through Locking Pin Bushing
Pack Port moves Piston & Lower
Bushing ▲ & energize stripping Non-
Extrusion
element against Non Extrusion Ring. Ring
RETRACT PORT
De-energize is achieved through
Retract Port. Stripping
Element

• Well pressure will further energize

stripper element. Energizer

• Stripper components are split into two PACK PORT

Lower
Brass
& make possible to be redressed Bushing
during operation from top of Stripper
within IH frame provided the well Piston
pressure is isolated.

• Redressing period 45 min – 1 hr.

SIDE DOOR STRIPPER
Coiled Tubing
Upper Brass
Bushing

• Easy & safer access for seals

inspection. PACK PORT

Piston
• Extended Upper Bushing improve
guides & minimizing seals wear.
Non-
Extrusion
• Hydraulic pressure applied through Ring
Pack Port moves Piston, Upper Brass Element
Bushing & Non-Extrusion Ring ▼ thus Retractable
energize the element. Door

• Well pressure does not help to

energize the element. Lower
Brass
Bushing
• 5 – 10 min redressing period.
RADIAL STRIPPER

• Generally used for high pressure well.

• 45 min period redress

Upper Guide Element

Indicator

Piston
Lower Guide
Ram Body
Control house
CTU Control Cabin
BOP
 Main components

Injector head

Control cabin
BOPs

Power pack Reel

COMBI BOP
Solid block equipped with 2 sets of rams.
It’s a Secondary Barrier in well control system.

1. Blind /shear ram

2. Slip / Pipe Ram

• Pressure Sensor

• Equalizing Valve

• Side Kill Port

Advantage:
Less Height
Less emergency procedure steps
33
SHEAR/SEAL BOP ( SAFETY HEAD )

34
SHEAR & SEAL ACTUATOR
SHEAR & SEAL RAM OPERATION
 ANNULAR TYPE BOP
• Seal with tubing or without tubing.
Head
• Can be used for stripping
• Use for deployment of long BHA
Element

Cross-Section

Piston

Body

37
ANNULAR TYPE BOP
Element

Head

Body

Opening Port

Piston
Closing Port

Closing Port
ANNULAR BOP Contents

• Annular BOPs
Well Control Equipment
• Ram Type BOPs
• Stack Connections, Gaskets, and Ring Grooves
• Standpipe & Choke Manifolds
• Hydraulically Operated Valves
• Control Chokes
• Accumulator and Control System
• Drillstring Safety Valves and Inside BOPs
• Flow Returns Sensor
• Pit Level Measuring Device
• Trip Tank
• Degassers
• Gas Detector
BOP Stack on an Offshore Rig
• BOP Testing
 PACKING IDENTIFICATION OPERATING DRILLING FLUID
UNIT TYPE Color Code TEMPERATURE RANGE COMPATIBILITY
NATURAL
Black NR -30oF to +22 oF Water Base Fluid
Rubber
NITRILE Oil Base/Oil Additive
Red NBR Band +20oF to +190 oF
Rubber Fluid
NEOPRENE
Green CR -30oF to +170 oF Oil Base Fluid
Rubber
43
HIGH PRESSURE CT STACKS 1

1. Goose Neck
2
2. Injector Head
3. Dual Stripper System
3

4. Hydraulic Connector
4
5. Quad BOP System
5
6. Flow line
6
7. Annular BOP
7
8. Shear & Seal BOP
8
9. Xmas Tree

44
LOW PRESSURE CT STACKS
1
1. Goose Neck
2. Injector Head
2
3. Stripper

4. Hydraulic Connector
3
4
5. Flow line
5
6. Combi BOP System
6

7. Annular BOP
7

8. Xmas Tree
x

8
CT BARRIERS

Primary Barrier

Blind Ram

Shear Ram
Secondary Barrier Slips Ram

Pipe Ram

Shear & Seal Ram

Tertiary Barrier
CT BHA
1
CT BHA configuration:

1. Coiled Tubing
2
2. Connector

3. Check Valve 1
3

4. Check Valve 2 BHA

4
5. Hydraulic disconnect

6. Optional
5

6
CT BHA
CHECK VALVE - Standard 3 2 1

1. Ball Check Valve

Metal-to-metal seal & use when no
requirement for ball activated tools.

2. Dart Check Valve

Similar to Ball type.

3. Flapper Check Valve

Full bore design & enables
launching of balls.

4. Spring Return Check Valve

All time close valve & can be pump
through.. 5 4

5. Pressure Retaining Check Valve

Similar to Spring Return type &
adjustable by adding or subtracting
washers.

48
HYDRAULIC DISCONNECT ACTIVATION
Track Stack