Leiden E. Labigan Ma’am.

Troncoso
12-ARIZONA August 03, 2020

Lesson 1: Philippine Literature from Precolonial to Contemporary period

Direction: Match the authors in Column A with their corresponding works in Column B.

_I__ 1. Andres Bonifacio A. Fray Botod

_E_ 2. Jose Rizal B. Dasalan at Tocsohan

_K_ 3. Nick Joaquin C. Suyuan sa Tubigan

_B_ 4. Marcelo H. Del Pilar D. Florante at Laura

_H_ 5. Narciso G. Reyes E. Noli Me Tangere

_L_ 6. Jose Dela Cruz F. A La Patria

_M_ 7. Zoilo M. Galang G. El Verdadero Decalogo

_G_ 8. Apolinario Mabini H. Lupang Tinubuan

_D_ 9. Francisco Baltazar I. Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa

_O_10. Alejandro Roces J. Without Seeing the dawn

_N_11. Liwayway Arceo K. May Day Eve

_F_12. Emilio Jacinto L. Adela at Florante

_C_13. Macario Pineda M. A Child of Sorrow

_A_14. Graciano Lopez Jaena N. Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa

_J__15. Stevan Javella O. We Filipinos Are Mild Drinkers

Direction: Arrange the following set of words and identify what period it was written.

1. HWUA NAG GGATIN AN PAUL - Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa (JAPANESE PERIOD)

2. OILN EM GEATRNE - Noli me Tangere (SPANISH PERIOD)

3. OLFTRANE TA UARLA - Florante at Laura (SPANISH PERIOD)

4. GHOMLOTNI NI ALMINA AYB – Moonlight in Manila Bay (AMERICAN PERIOD)

5. A ICHDL FO WSOROR - A Child of Sorrow (AMERICAN PERIOD)

6. TWOUIHT EESING HET WAND- Without Seeing the Dawn (POSTWAR AND CONTEMPORARY PERIOD)

7. ABIG IN AMAGNL - Biag ni Lam-ang (PRECOLONIAL PERIOD)

8. LE VRREEDAOD OGDECALGO - El Verdadero Decalogo (SPANISH PERIOD)

9. AYUUNS AS GNUTBIA - Suyuansa Tubigan (JAPANESE PERIOD)

10. SHI VENITA OILS - His Native Soil (AMERICAN PERIOD)

A. Direction: Read the story “The Monkey and the Crocodile” and answer the following questions.

1. What favor did the monkey asked on the crocodile?

-The monkey wishes to get to the other side of the river.

2. What did the crocodile tell the monkey midstream?

-The crocodile told the monkey that he was foolish and he will eat the monkey’s liver and kidneys because of
starvation.

3. How did the monkey save himself?

-The monkey tricked the crocodile while telling him that the liver and kidneys was hanging to a macopa
tree. The crocodile swam back. When they reached the river bank, the monkey nimbly jumped onto the land.

4. What did the crocodile realized when they got near the riverbank?

-The crocodile realizes his foolishness and admitted that he was one.

5. After reading the story, what was your impression on the monkey?

-The monkey showed his bravery and intelligence the moment he encounters the crocodile.

B. Answer the following questions.

1. What does the precolonial literature depicts?

-The precolonial literature depicts the people’s livelihood. customs, and traditions.

2. What are the major influences of Spaniards to the Philippines?

-The Spanish brought and introduced Christianity to the Philippines. The clergy or the priest made a great
impact on faith, education, and government.

3. What triggered liberal ideas to enter the country and gave rise to a wealthier middle class during the
Spanish period?

-Through the Manila-Acapulco trade (1565–1815) liberal ideas entered the country. They sent the children
in middle class families to Europe to get an education. When they got back, they brought the European ideals
of liberty and freedom that would give rise to Filipino nationalism.

4. Why do you think the Spaniards destroyed the written native literature of Filipinos to replace their own?

-They destroyed and replaced the written native literature of Filipinos because that time, time the komedya
or moro-moro was popular. It shows the war between Christians and Muslims, wherein the former always
wins but the oral tradition survived and flourished in areas beyond the reach of the Spaniards.
5. How did the two novels of Jose Rizal became influential to the Filipinos?

-Because these two creation of Jose Rizal has a deep meaning and was valuable from the people before.
These novels portrays corruption, discrimination and abuse of the Spanish officials and the clergy towards
Filipinos.

6. What was the medium of instruction in public schools during the American occupation of the Philippines?

-When public education was introduced, the English was adopted as the medium of instruction in all public
schools.

7. When was the Philippines declared as “independent” by the Japanese?

-October 1943 when they declared the Philippines as independent.

8. Why did the development of Philippine literature in English during the Japanese occupation halt?

-The Philippine literature was interrupted in its development when Japan conquered. The publications were
censored by the military and tagalog was declared an official language together with Nihongg and maybe
because of the strict prohibitions imposed the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English,
that’s the reason why the Philippine literature in English came to a halt.

9. What are the official languages during the Japanese period?

-Tagalog and Nihonggo was declared as the official languages.

10. What was the subject of most Filipino writers during the postwar period?

-Filipino writers wrote fiction that focused on courageous deeds as well as the sacrifices and suffering in the
lives of Filipinos and the other subjects are religious faith, superstitions, fantasy, social problems poverty,
politics, nationalism and morality.

A. Direction: Think of a Folktale or Legend that has become a talk in your hometown. Write down a short
summary of it. Note to include the setting, characters, plot and theme.

MINOKAWA
Before time began, very long ago, a great bird called Minokawa swallowed the moon. Seized with fear, all the
people began to scream and made great noises. Then the bird peeped down to see what the matter was, and
opened his mouth. But as soon as he opened his mouth, the moon sprang out and ran away. The Minokawa-bird
is as large as the Island of Negros or Bohol. It has a beak of steel, and his claws too are of steel. His eyes are
mirrors, and each single feather is a sharp sword. He lives outside the sky, at the eastern horizon, ready to seize
the moon and after the unsuccessful attempt of swallowing the satellite, it journeys and haunts again lurking
under the earth. The moon makes eight holes in the eastern horizon to come out of, and eight holes in the
western horizon to go into, because every day the big bird tries to catch her, and she is afraid. The exact
moment he tries to swallow her is just when she is about to come in through one of the holes in the east to shine
on us again. If the Minokawa should swallow the moon, and the sun too, he would then come down to earth and
gulp down men also. But when the moon is in the belly of the big bird, and the sky is dark, then all the Bagobo
people will scream and cry, and beat gongs, because they fear they will all be eaten. Soon this racket makes the
Minokawa-bird look down and "open his mouth to hear the sound." Then the moon jumps out of the bird's
mouth and runs away.
Direction: Identify the following.

______________MYTH____________1. This story is told to explain a belief, a practice, or a natural phenomenon.

___FRANCISCO BALTAZAR___2. He was known as the master of traditional Tagalog poetry.

____________LADINOS___________3. Natives who became fluent in Spanish are called ______.

___________FOLKTALE__________4. This story is passed down from generation to generation, and it becomes part
of tradition of a community.

__________KALAYAAN___________5. This was the official newspaper of Katipunan where some of Bonifacio’s work
appeared.

_____________FABLE______________6. This features animal characters or inanimate objects that behave like people.

______________EPIC_______________7. This narrative poem celebrates the adventures and achievements of a hero.

_________NICK JOAQUIN_________8. He wrote articles under the name of Quijano de Manila.

__________DEAD STARS__________9. This short story of Paz Marquez Benitez is considered as the first Filipino
modern short story in English.

_GASPAR AQUINO DE BELEN_10. He wrote the “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Christong Panginoon natin na
tola” which was the earliest version of pasyon.

________JOSE DELA CRUZ_______11. He was known as Huseng Sisiw and Francisco Balagtas’ mentor who wrote
metrical romances.

___________DARANGAN_________12. This epic depicts the adventures of a brave warrior named Bantugan who
owns a magical sword protected by a spirit.

__________A LA PATRIA_________13. This is Emilio Jacinto’s poem parallel to Rizal’s Mi Ultimo Adios, which
became his poetical masterpiece.

___FRANCISCO BALTAZAR____14. He was known as the master of traditional Tagalog poetry.

_________NINAY(1885)_________15. This is considered as the first Filipino novel written by Pedro Paterno.

__KOMEDYA / MORO-MORO__16. It depicted the war between Christians and Muslims, wherein the former
always wins.

___FILIPINO POETRY(1924)__17. It is the first collection of poetry in English edited by Rodolfo Dato.

_______JAPANESE PERIOD_____18. Tagalog short story reached its maturity during this period.

___________WAYWAYA__________19. F. Sionil Jose’s short story about pre-Hispanic society and the people’s
struggle for moral order.

_________WALANG SUGAT______20. It is a Tagalog zarzuela which expressed Filipino nationalism during the
Spanish occupation.
Lesson 2: Life and Works of Filipino Authors

Direction: Match the literary works in Column A with their corresponding in Column B.

Column A Column B

_E_ 1. My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken A. F. Sionil Jose

_G_ 2. A Eulogy of Roaches B. Jose Garcia Villa

_H_ 3. Children of the Ash-Covered Loam C. Virgilio S. Almario

_A_ 4. The Pretenders D. Carlos P. Romulo

_B_ 5. Footnote to Youth E. Alejandro R. Roces

_D_ 6. I am Filipino F. Edith L. Tiempo

_F_ 7. The Return G. Bienvinido S. Lumbera

_C_ 8. High Zoociety H. N.V.M. Gonzalez

Direction: Number the following events 1-7 in the correct sequence of the short story Footnote to Youth by
Jose Garcia Villa. Do not refer to the selection to answer. Write the numbers in the blanks.

_6_A. Dodong warns Blas about the consequences of his decision.

_2_B. Dodong convinced his father about his decision to marry Teang.

_5_C. Blas came to his father to tell him about marrying Tona.

_3_D. Dodong and Teang got married and had children.

_1_E. After doing his thing in the farm, Dodong went home.

_4_F. Teang regrets her decision on marrying Dodong at a young age.

_7_G. Dodong realized how history repeats itself and his son has the same fate of him.
Direction: Read and analyze the elements of the poems by filling the slots below.

HIGH ZOOCIETY

Virgo S. Almiro /
Rio Alma
 THE RETURN
RHYME SCHEME

METER 2nd, 5th and 7th stanzas SYMBOLISM / THEME

tugmang patinig IMAGERY Edith L. Tiempo
4-3-3-4-4-3-3-4 while the rest of Social awareness and
stanzas are tugmang Rich and Powerful concern
katinig
 SYMBOLISM /
IMAGERY
METER RHYME SCHEME THEME
Symbolism: dead
None None years-old age, Aging
symbolism, grey hair-
old age, imagery-
memory

Direction: Fill in the blanks with correct answer.

1. Jose Garcia pioneered _Comma Poems where he places a comma after every word.

2. _Man Songs refers to series of controversial poems which led to Jose Garcia Villa’s suspension from the
University of the Philippines.

3. Carlos P. Romulo was conferred as National Artist for Literature in _1982_.

4. _Seven Hills Away_ is a collection of short stories of N.V.M. Gonzalez that sketch the daily lives of the
Filipino kaingeros in Mindoro.

5. _Local Color_ is a literary technique that features the unique regional traditions of people and emphasizes
the ordinary events in their lives.

6. If Rosales Saga is set from the Spanish colonial period to the proclamation of Martial Law in the 170s,
Waywaya: Eleven Filipino Short Stories is _a compilation of short stories about pre-Hispanic Philippine
society_.

7. Virgilio S. Almario’s pen name is _Rio Alma_.

8. _Edith L. Tiempo_ was awarded as National Artist for Literature in 1999.

9. _The Mats_ is a short story of Arcellana that depicts a character’s struggle in coping with the death of his
children.

10. _Humor_ refers to the literary device used to amuse the audience.

Direction: Identify which author is being described by writing the letter of the correct answer. Look for the
correct answers in the box.

_B_1. He wrote The God Stealer, a story about the friendship of Philip Latak, an Ifugao, and Sam Christie, an
American who wanted to buy a bulol, a sculpture of an Ifugao god.

_F_2. She also wrote the novel A Blade of Fern, which depicts the problems of Filipino miners of Nibucal in
southern Philippines.

_I_ 3. He wrote his first published work, the poem “Frigid Moon,” which appeared in the Sunday magazine of
the Manila Chronicle, a year after before his graduation.

_A_4. He is known for introducing the reversed consonance rhyme scheme.

_E_5. He was the first Filipino journalist who was awarded with the Pulitzer Prize in Journalism.

_D_6. He is known as a local colorist writer, a literary technique that features the unique regional traditions of
people and emphasizes the ordinary events in their lives.

_G_7. He is a Filipino teacher and a contemporary writer, one of the prominent Filipino fictionists in English.

_C_8. His very first collection, Ang Makata sa Panahon ng Makina (1982), now considered as the first book of
literary criticism in Filipino.

_H_9. He wrote "My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken," a story which talks about two brothers who were arguing
whether the chicken they caught was a hen or a rooster.

_A_10. He was known for employing a comma after every word, thus, he was called “The Comma Poet.”

A. Jose Garcia Villa B. F. Sionil Jose C. Virgilio Almario

D. N.V.M Gonzalez E. Carlos P. Romulo F. Edith L. Tiempo

G. Francisco Arcellana H. Alejandro Roces I. Bienvinido S. Lymbera