Projectile motion

1. One ball is dropped vertically from a window. At the same instant, a second ball is thrown horizontally
from the same window. Which ball has the greater speed at ground level ?
a. The dropped ball.
b. The thrown ball.
c. Neither—they both have the same speed on impact.
d. It depends on how hard the ball was thrown.

2. Which of the three kicks in Figure is in the air for the longest time? They all reach the same maximum
height h. Ignore air resistance. (a), (b), (c), or (d) all the same time.

3. Extreme-sports enthusiasts have been known to jump off the top

of El Capitan, a sheer granite cliff of height 910 m in Yosemite
National Park. Assume a jumper runs horizontally off the top of
El Capitan with speed 4.0 m/s and enjoys a free fall until she is
150 m above the valley floor, at which time she opens her
parachute .
a. How long is the jumper in free fall? Ignore air resistance.
b. It is important to be as far away from the cliff as possible
before opening the parachute. How far from the cliff is this
jumper when she opens her chute ?

4. A projectile is fired with an initial speed of 36.6 m/s at an angle of 42.2° above the horizontal on a long
flat firing range. Determine
a. the maximum height reached by the projectile,
b. the total time in the air,
c. the total horizontal distance covered (that is, the range), and
d. the speed of the projectile 1.50 s after firing.
5. A playground is on the flat roof of a city school,
6.00 m above the street below. The vertical wall of
the building is h = 7.00 m high, to form a 1-m-high
railing around the playground. A ball has fallen to
the street below, and a passerby returns it by
launching it at an angle of u = 53.0° above the
horizontal at a point d = 24.0 m from the base of the
building wall. The ball takes 2.20 s to reach a point
vertically above the wall.
a. Find the speed at which the ball was launched.
b. Find the vertical distance by which the ball
clears the wall.
c. Find the horizontal distance from the wall to the
point on the roof where the ball lands.

Newton law
1. Suppose an object is accelerated by a force of 100 N. Suddenly a second force of 100 N in the opposite
direction is exerted on the object, so that the forces cancel. The object
a. is brought to rest rapidly.
b. decelerates gradually to rest.
c. continues at the velocity it had before the second force was applied.
d. is brought to rest and then accelerates in the direction of the second force.

2. You are pushing a heavy box across a rough floor. When you are initially pushing the box and it is
accelerating,
a. you exert a force on the box, but the box does not exert a force on you.
b. the box is so heavy it exerts a force on you, but you do not exert a force on the box.
c. the force you exert on the box is greater than the force of the box pushing back on you.
d. the force you exert on the box is equal to the force of the box pushing back on you.
e. the force that the box exerts on you is greater than the force you exert on the box.

3. Suppose the pulley in Figure is suspended by a cord C. Determine the

tension in this cord after the masses are released and before one hits the
ground. Ignore the mass of the pulley and cords.
4. If mA = 13.0 kg and mB = 5.0 kg in Figure
a. determine the acceleration of each block.
b. If initially is at rest 1.25 m from the edge of the table, how
long does it take to reach the edge of the table if the
system is allowed to move freely?

5. Suppose the coefficient of kinetic friction between and the

plane in Figure is 0.15 and that mA = mB = 2.7 kg. As moves
down, determine the magnitude of the acceleration of ma and
mb given Ɵ = 34°.

6. A boxis released from rest and is sliding down an

incline that has a coefficient of friction of 0.42 with a
mass of 19 kg. The angle of the incline is 45 degrees. 19kg
Use the diagram below as a reference. d = 4.7m
a. What is the acceleration of the mass?
b. How long did it take for the object to reach the
bottom of the incline?
c. What is the final velocity of the object at the bottom 45º
of the incline?

7. A person pushes a 14.0-kg lawn mower at constant speed with

a force of F = 88 N directed along the handle, which is at an
angle of 45.0° to the horizontal look at the picture.
a. Draw the free- body diagram showing all forces acting on
the mower. Calculate
b. b.The horizontal friction force on the mower, then
c. the normal force exerted vertically upward on the mower
by the ground.
d. What force must the person exert on the lawn mower to
accelerate it from rest to 1.5 m/s in 2.5 seconds, assuming
the same friction force ?
Moment of force

1. A 60-kg woman stands on the very end of a

uniform board, of length , which is supported
one-quarter of the way from one end and is
balanced. What is the mass of the board?
a. 15 kg.
b. 20 kg.
c. 30 kg.
d. 60 kg.
e. 120 kg.

2. When you apply the torque equation to Ʃσ = 0 an object in equilibrium, the axis about which torques are
calculated
a. must be located at a pivot.
b. must be located at the object’s center of gravity.
c. should be located at the edge of the object.
d. can be located anywhere.

3. A 500-N uniform rectangular sign 4.00 m wide and 3.00 m high

is suspended from a horizontal, 6.00-m-long, uniform, 100-N
rod as indicated in Figure P12.47. The left end of the rod is
supported by a hinge, and the right end is supported by a thin
cable making a 30.0° angle with the vertical. (a) Find the tension
T in the cable. (b) Find the horizontal and vertical components of
force exerted on the left end of the rod by the hinge.

4. Approximately what magnitude force FM, must the

extensor muscle in the upper arm exert on the lower arm to
hold a 7.3-kg shot put ? Assume the lower arm has a mass
of 2.3 kg and its CG is 12.0 cm from the elbow-joint pivot.
5. A diving board 3.00 m long is supported at a point 1.00 m
from the end, and a diver weighing 500 N stands at the free
end. The diving board is of uniform cross section and
weighs 280 N. Find
a. the force at the support point and
b. the force at the left-hand end

6. A man is doing push-ups. He has a mass of 68 kg and his center of gravity is located at a horizontal
distance of 0.70 m from his palms and 1.00 m from his feet. Find the forces exerted by the floor on his
palms and feet.

ENERGY
1. A man pushes a block up an incline at a constant speed. As the block moves up the incline,
a. its kinetic energy and potential energy both increase.
b. its kinetic energy increases and its potential energy remains the same.
c. its potential energy increases and its kinetic energy remains the same.
d. its potential energy increases and its kinetic energy decreases by the same amount.

2. A ball is thrown straight up. Neglecting air resistance, which statement is not true regarding the energy
of the ball ?
a. The potential energy decreases while the ball is going up.
b. The kinetic energy decreases while the ball is going up.
c. The sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy is constant.
d. The potential energy decreases when the ball is coming down.
e. The kinetic energy increases when the ball is coming down.

3. A 975-kg sports car accelerates from rest to 95 km/h in 6.4 s. What is the average power delivered by
the engine ?

4. How long will it take a 2750-W motor to lift a 385-kg piano to a sixth-story window 16.0 m above ?
5. A roller-coaster car shown in figure is pulled up to
point 1 where it is released from rest. Assuming no
friction, calculate the speed at points 2, 3, and 4.

6. A person has a suitcase with wheels.

a. The person pulls the suitcase with a horizontal force of 13 N for 110 m.
(i) State the equation linking work done, force and distance moved.
(ii) Calculate the work done on the suitcase by the person. (iii) How much energy is transferred to the
suitcase ?

b. The suitcase falls over. Explain why it loses gravitational potential energy when it falls.
 c. The person starts to raise the suitcase again by pulling on the handle with force F.

The weight of the suitcase is 150 N.

(i) State the equation linking moment, force and perpendicular distance from the pivot
(ii) Calculate the force F that the person must apply on the handle to start raising the suitcase.

MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE

1. A small car and a heavy pickup truck are both out of gas. The truck has twice the mass of the car. After
you push both the car and the truck for the same amount of time with the same force, what can you say
about the momentum and kinetic energy (KE) of the car and the truck ? Ignore friction.
a. They have the same momentum and the same KE.
b. The car has more momentum and more KE than the truck.
c. The truck has more momentum and more KE than the car.
d. They have the same momentum, but the car has more kinetic energy than the truck.
e. They have the same kinetic energy, but the truck has more momentum than the car.

2. A small boat coasts at constant speed under a bridge. A heavy sack of sand is dropped from the bridge
onto the boat. The speed of the boat
a. increases.
b. decreases.
c. does not change.
d. Without knowing the mass of the boat and the sand, we can’t tell.

3. A baseball approaches home plate at a speed of 45.0 m/s, moving horizontally just before being hit by a
bat. The batter hits a pop-up such that after hitting the bat, the baseball is moving at 55.0 m/s straight up.
The ball has a mass of 145 g and is in contact with the bat for 2.00 ms. What is the average vector force
the ball exerts on the bat during their interaction?

4. A bullet of mass m = 8.00 g is fired into a block of mass

M = 250 g that is initially at rest at the edge of a
frictionless table of height h = 1.00 m. The bullet
remains in the block, and after the impact the block
lands d = 2.00 m from the bottom of the table.
Determine the initial speed of the bullet.
5. A 10.0 g marble slides to the left with a velocity of
magnitude 0.400 m/s on the frictionless, horizontal sur-
face of an icy New York side walk and has a head on,
elastic collision with a larger 30.0 g marble sliding to
the right with a velocity of magnitude 0.200 m/s.
a. Find the velocity of each marble after the collision.
b. Calculate the change in kinetic energy (that is, the
kinetic energy after the collision minus the kinetic
energy before the collision) for each marble.

6. A movie stuntman (mass 80.0 kg) stands on a window ledge 5.0 m above the floor. Grabbing a rope
attached to a chandelier, he swings down to grapple with the movie’s villain (mass 70.0 kg), who is
standing directly under the chandelier. (Assume that the stuntman’s center of mass moves downward 5.0
m. He releases the rope just as he reaches the villain.

a. Calculate the momentum of the movie stuntman before he reaches the villain.
b. Using the principle of conservation of momentum, calculate the speed of the joined stuntman and
villain immediately after the collision.