hg k|eft df= lj= - sflndf6L _ df dfWolds txdf cWoog/t

5fqfx?sf] dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL 1fg, wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/ ;DaGwL]

Ps cWoog k|ltj]bg @)&&

cWoogstf{x? M
cfgGb k|;fb e§/fO{ -@&*)))#_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–!–%)–@–((
g/ axfb'/ u'?ª -@&*)))$_ lq=lj=b=g+= #$)%@—*(
k'?iff]Qd nfn s0f{ -@&*))%^_ lq=lj=b=g+= (–@–@&*–!!@*–@)!(
;ld{nf Gof}kfg] -@&*))&$_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–@–@@–!)(@–@))^
pHhjn vgfn -@&*))#&_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–@–@*@–))(#–@))(

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno , lzIffzf:q ;ª\sfo :gfts tx Ps jif]{ la= P8= :jf:Yo

ljlw -$()_ sf] k|of]ufTds cf+lzs kf7\oef/ k"/f ug{sf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf]
:ynut cWoog k|ltj]bg @)&&

kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;

rfalxn , sf7df8f}+
@)&&
 cWoogstf{x?

cfgGb k|;fb e§/fO{

Symbol No: 2780003
TU Regd.#: 5-1-50-2-99

g/ axfb'/ u'?ª k'?iff]Qd nfn s0f{

Symbol No: 2780003 Symbol No: 2780056
TU Regd.#: 34052-89 TU Regd.#: 9-2-278-1128-2019

;ld{nf Gof}kfg] pHhjn vgfn

Symbol No: 2780074 Symbol No: 2780037
TU Regd.#: 5-2-22-1092-2006 TU Regd.#: 5-2-282-0093-2009

II
kq ;+Vof M–@)&&÷@)&* ldlt M @)&&÷!!÷)&
rnfgL gDa/ M–

l;kmfl/; kq
lqe'jg ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;DaGwg k|fKt o; SofDk;df Ps jif]{ la= P8= :jf:Yo lzIff lzIf0f
ljlw -$()_ ljifodf cWoog/t lgDg ljBfyL{x?sf] k|of]ufTds cf+lzs kf7\oef/ k'/f ug{sf
nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] “hg k|eft df= lj= - sflndf6L _ df dfWolds txdf cWoog/t
5fqfx?sf] dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL 1fg, wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/ ;DaGwL] Ps cWoog k|ltj]bg
@)&&” d]/f] k|ToIf ;'kl/j]If0fdf ul/Psf] xf] . dnfO{ yfxf eP;Dd ljBfyL{x?n] o;
k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v u/]sf k|fylds tYofÍx? jf:tljstfsf] glhs /x]sf 5g\ . t;y{ d of]
k|ltj]bgnfO{ plrt d'Nofª\sg ul/lbgsf nflu clGtd d'Nofª\sg ;ldlt ;dIf l;kmfl/;
ub{5' .

tkl;n
1. cfgGb k|;fb e§/fO{ -@&*)))#_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–!–%)–@–((
2. g/ axfb'/ u'?ª -@&*)))$_ lq=lj=b=g+= #$)%@—*(
3. k'?iff]Qd nfn s0f{ -@&*))%^_ lq=lj=b=g+= (–@–@&*–!!@*–@)!(
4. ;ld{nf Gof}kfg] -@&*))&$_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–@–@@–!)(@–@))^
5. pHhjn vgfn -@&*))#&_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–@–@*@–))(#–@))(

lji0f'xl/ bfxfn
k|d'v
:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff lzIf0f ;ldlt

Chabahil, Kathmandu, Nepal, Phone: +977-1-4470412, 4468363, 4468364, P. O. Box: 20883

Email:campuspashupati@gmail.com,info@pashupatimultiplecampus.edu.np,Web:pashupatimultiplecampus.edu.np

III
kq ;+Vof M @)&&÷@)&* ldlt M @)&&÷!!÷)&
rnfgL gDa/ M–

:jLs[lt kq
lqe'jg ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;DaGwg k|fKt o; SofDk;df Ps jif]{ la= P8= :jf:Yo lzIff lzIf0f
ljlw -$()_ ljifodf cWoog/t lgDg ljBfyL{x?sf] k|of]ufTds cf+lzs kf7\oef/ k"/f ug{sf
nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] “hg k|eft df= lj= - sflndf6L _ df dfWolds txdf cWoog/t
5fqfx?sf] dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL 1fg, wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/ ;DaGwL] Ps cWoog k|ltj]bg
@)&&” nfO{ clGtd :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

tkl;n
1. cfgGb k|;fb e§/fO{ -@&*)))#_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–!–%)–@–((
2. g/ axfb'/ u'?ª -@&*)))$_ lq=lj=b=g+= #$)%@—*(
3. k'?iff]Qd nfn s0f{ -@&*))%^_ lq=lj=b=g+= (–@–@&*–!!@*–@)!(
4. ;ld{nf Gof}kfg] -@&*))&$_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–@–@@–!)(@–@))^
5. pHhjn vgfn -@&*))#&_ lq=lj=b=g+= %–@–@*@–))(#–@))(

cfGtl/s k/LIfs afÅo k/LIfs

gfDf M gfDf M
x:tfIf/ M x:tfIf/ M
ldltM ldlt M

Chabahil, Kathmandu, Nepal, Phone: +977-1-4470412, 4468363, 4468364, P. O. Box: 20883

Email:campuspashupati@gmail.com,info@pashupatimultiplecampus.edu.np,Web:pashupatimultiplecampus.edu.np

IV
 s[t1tf
lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIffzf:q ;ª\sfo Ps jif]{ la=P8=sf] :jf:Yo lzIff
lzIf0f ljlw -$()_sf] kf7\oqmd cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ;j]{If0f sfo{qmd cfkm}F
Pp6f hl6n / r'gf}ltk"0f{ sfd xf] . t/ ;xof]u, ;dy{g, ;'emfa tyf :jR5
cfnf]rgf ePdf sfd ;xh ?kdf ;DkGg ug{ ;lsG5 .
dlxgfjf/L Ps k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] . of] !!—!@ jif{ b]lv ;'? eP/ nueu
$%—%) jif{;Dd lg/Gt/ rln/xG5 . of] k|lqmofaf6 x/]s dlxnf
u'lh|g'kb{5 . t;y{, of] kfs[lts / lgoldt k|lqmof ;DalGwsf] 1fg,wf/0ff
tyf Jojxf/ ;DaGwL k/LIf0f ug{ of] cWoog ul/Psf] xf] .
“hg k|eft df= lj= - sflndf6L _ df dfWolds txdf cWoog/t
5fqfx?sf] dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL 1fg, wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/ ;DaGwL] Ps
cWoog k|ltj]bg @)&& ” lgldt lg/Gt/ ?kdf kof{Kt lgb]{zg, ;Nnfx–
;'emfj lbg'x'g] kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;sf SofDk; k|d'v, ;xfos SofDk;
k|d'v rGb| kGt tyf sNof0f bfxfn , ;GwofsfnLg ;q sfo{qmd ;+of]hs
xl/x/ rfkfufOF, :jf:Yo lzIff ljefu k|d'v , :jf:Yo lzIff ljifo lzIfs
lji0f'xl/ bfxfnnfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5f} .
To;}u/L hg k|eft df=lj= -sflndf6L_ sf k|wfgfWofks ;To]Gb| nfn s0f{,
cGo lzIfs, sd{rf/L tyf cWoog/t ;Dk"0f{ ljwfyL{df cfKfm\gf] ;do lbO{
;xof]u ul/lbg' ePsf]df ljz]if wGojfb lbg rfxG5f} . o; cWoogsf
qmddf cfjZos ;xof]u ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ ;fyLx?nfO{ cfef/ k|s6 ug{
rfxG5f} .
cGttM of] k|ltj]bg 6+sg ug'{x'g] ldq k'?iff]Qd nfn s0f{ nfO{ klg cfef/
k|s6 ug{ rfxG5f} .

;Dk"0f{ cWoogstf{x?

V
 ljifo;"rL
cWoogstf{x? .......................................................................................................... II
l;kmfl/; kq ........................................................................................................... III
:jLs[lt kq ............................................................................................................IV
s[t1tf ..................................................................................................................V
ljifo;"rL ..............................................................................................................VI
cWofo M Ps .......................................................................................................... 1
kl/ro ................................................................................................................... 1
!=! cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld -Background of Study_ ........................................................... 1
!=@ ;d:ofsf] syg (Statement of the problem) ........................................................ 3
!=# cWoogsf] p2]Zox? (Objectives of study) ............................................................. 4
!=$ cWoogsf] dxTj (Significance of the study_ ....................................................... 4
!=% cWoogsf] ;LdfÍg (Delimitation of the study) .................................................... 5
!=^ k|of]u ePsf zAbx?sf] cy{ (Definition of the terms of used) .................................. 5
cWofo M b'O{........................................................................................................... 6
cWoog ljlw ............................................................................................................ 6
@=! cWoogsf] If]q (Study sites) ................................................................................ 6
@=@ tYofÍsf] >f]t (Source of data) .......................................................................... 6
@=# gd'gf 5gf}6 k|lqmof (Sampling Procedure) ........................................................... 6
@=$ tYofÍ ;+sngsf ;fwgx? (Data collection tools) .................................................. 6
@=% tYofÍ ;+sng k|lqmof (Data collection process) ................................................... 7
@=^ tYofÍ ljZn]if0f / JofVofg ljlw (Method of data analysis and interpretation).......... 7
cWofo M tLg ......................................................................................................... 8
tYofÍs k|:t'tLs/0f ................................................................................................... 8
cWofo M rf/ ....................................................................................................... 12
;f/f+z, glthf , lgisif{ / ;'emfj .................................................................................. 12
$=! ;f/f+z (Summary) ......................................................................................... 12
$=@ glthf (Finding) ........................................................................................... 12
$=# lgisif{ (Conclusion) ...................................................................................... 13
$=@ ;'emfj (Recommendation) ............................................................................ 13
kl/lzi6 s -cWoog sfo{of]hgf_ ................................................................................... 15
kl/lzi6 v -k|ZgfjnL_ .............................................................................................. 16
kl/lzi6 u -cWoog cjlwsf kmf]6f]x?_ ............................................................................ 18
kl/lzi6 3-cWoog ;DkGg kq_…..……………………………………………………………………….…….20

VI
 cWofo M Ps
kl/ro
!=! cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld -Background of Study_
:jf:Yo, cª\u|]hL zAb ‘Health’ sf] g]kfnL ?kfGt/0f xf] . ‘Anglo-saxon’ ;dosf]
k|rlnt zAb ‘Hale’ sf] ljsl;t ?k ‘Health’ xf] h;sf] cy{ ‘;'/lIft / :j:Yo’ x'G5 .
t/ clxn] :jf:Yosf] cjwf/0ff ‘Safe and sound’ ;Fu dfq} ;Lldt 5}g . o;n]
;Dk"0f{tfsf] cjwf/0ff (Holistic concept) / ultlzn k|lqmof (Dynamic process)
nfO{ ;d]6g vf]h]sf] 5 . ;Dk"0f{tf eGgfn] JolQmsf] zf/Ll/s , dfgl;s , ;fdflhs ,
;+j]ufTds / cfWoflTds h:tf kIfsf] ;Gt'lnt ljsf; x'g'nfO{ hgfpFb5 / ultlzn k|lqmofn]
kl/jt{glzntfnfO{ a'emfpFb5 .
k|frLgsfnLg ;dodf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 ;'/lIft ePsf] JolQmnfO{ :j:Yf JolQm elgGYof] .
To; kZrft d[To'b/df cfPsf] sld jf lgoGq0fsf] cj:yfnfO{ :jf:Yo eGg yflnof] .
dWosfnLg o'udf cfP/ /f]u tyf b'a{ntfaf6 d'Qm ePsf] cj:yfnfO{ :jf:Yo eGg ;'? ul/of]
eg] cfw'lgs ;dodf :jf:Yosf] cjwf/0ff Jofks / lj:t[t aGb} uof] . zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s
tyf ;fdflhs tj/n] :j:Yo ePsf] cj:yfnfO{ :jf:Yo elgG5 (Health is soundness
of body, mind and soul.) .
;f]qm]6\; sf cg';f/, “:jf:Yo Pp6f To:tf] cfbz{do cj:yf xf] h;df JolQm x/]s
b[li6sf]0faf6 :j:Yo /xG5 / /f]u, b'a{ntf Pjd\ ;fdflhs ;d:ofx?af6 ;d]t d'Qm x'G5 .”
Pr\= xf]oDofgsf cg';f/ ,“ k"0f{ , kmnbfoL tyf ;[hgfTds lhjgsf] nflu clwstd\ JolQmut
tGb'?:tL g} :jf:Yo xf] . ”
cS;kmf]8{ zAbsf]z cg';f/ , “ :jf:yo, z/L/ , dl:tis / efjgfsf] :j:Yf cj:yf xf] hxfF
o;sf sfo{x? k"0f{ / k|efjsf/L tl/sfn] ;DkGg x'G5g\ . ”
ljZj :jf:Yo ;ª\u7g n] :jf:YonfO{ o;/L kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 , “:jf:Yo eg]sf] /f]u tyf
b'a{ntfaf6 d'Qm x'g' dfq geO{ k"0f{tof zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s tyf ;fdflhs ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf]
cj:yf xf] .”
8f= yf]d; p8sf] ljrf/df , “:jf:Yo lzIff To:tf cg'ejx?sf] Pp6f of]u xf] h;n]
JolQmut, ;fd'bflos / hflto :jf:Yo;Fu ;DalGwt cfr/0f, cjwf/0ff / 1fgnfO{ ;'xfpFbf]
k|efj kfb{5 .”

1
ljZj :jf:Yo ;ª\u7gsf] lzIffsf] ljz]if1x?sf] ;ldlt n] lbPsf] kl/efiff cg';f/ , “ :jf:Yo
lzIff eg]sf] Pp6f k|lqmof xf], h;n] dflg;x?nfO{ plgx?sf] cfkm\g} lqmofsnfk / k|oTg 4f/f
:jf:Yo k|flKt ug]{ sfo{df d2t ub{5 . ”
of}jg cj:yfkZrft\ nueu $%—%) jif{ ;DDf :qLx?df dlxgfsf] Psk6s of]gLaf6 nuftf/
$ lbg;Dd /Q>fj x'g] k|lqmofnfO{ dlxgfjf/L elgG5 .
dlxgfjf/LrqmnfO tLg r/0fdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ /Q>fjsf] r/0f -)—$ lbg_
-v_ k|f]lnkm]/]l6e r/0f -%—!$ lbg_
-u_ ;]qm]6/L r/0f -!%—@* lbg_

dlxgfjf/L Ps k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] . of] !!—!@ jif{ b]lv ;'? eP/ nueu $%—%) jif{;Dd
lg/Gt/ rln/xG5 . of] k|lqmofaf6 x/]s dlxnf u'lh|g'kb{5 . t;y{, of] kfs[lts / lgoldt
k|lqmof ;DalGwsf] 1fg,wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/ ;DaGwL k/LIf0f ug{ of] cWoog ul/Psf] xf] .

2
!=@ ;d:ofsf] syg (Statement of the problem)
g]kfndf ljleGGf vfnsf ;fdfGo /f]ux? klg x]nr]qmfO{n] ubf{ dfxfdf/Lsf] ?k lng]
u5{g\ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu @)^% >fj0f lt/ g]kfnsf] dWo / ;'b'/ klZrd ljsf;
If]qsf s]lx lhNnfx?df emf8fkvfnfsf] dfxfdf/L , To:t} lj=;+= @)^& ;fndf
g]kfnsf] lrtjg, gjnk/f;L , slknj:t' h:tf 7fpFdf 8]ª\uLsf] dfxfdf/L km}lnPsf]
36gf xfdL;Fu tfh} 5 .
x/]s dlxgfdf dlxnfsf] l8Djfzoaf6 Pp6f l8Dj lg:sG5 . of] lg:s]sf] l8Djn]
z'qmls6;Fu ldNg kfPdf ;f] l8Dj lgif]lrt x'G5 . l8Dj lgif]lrt x'g' eg]sf] ue{
/x]sf] cj:yf xf] . of] lgif]lrt l8Dj a[l4 / ljsf; uef{zodf g} x'G5 . o;nfO{
ljsf; ug{sf nflu l8Djfzoaf6 pTkfbg x'g] O:6«f]h]g / k|f]h]:6«]/f]g gfds
xdf]{gx?n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5g\ . oL xdf]{gx?n] lgif]lrt l8DjnfO{ e|"0f /
dfgjsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ jftfj/0f tof/ u5{g\ . t/, l8Djn] z'qmls6;Fu lgif]lrt
x'g kfPg eg] ue{ /xb}g / l8Dj klg d5{ . ue{wf/0f gx'bfF d/]sf] l8Dj,
l8Djfzodf pTkfbg ePsf xdf]{gx?, uef{zosf] leQfdf /x]sf] /ut h:tf >fjx?
of]gLaf6 aflx/ lg:sG5g\ . oL >fjx? of]gLaf6 aflx/ lg:sg] k|lqmof g} dlxgfjf/L
xf] . dlxgfjf/L ue{jtL ePsf avtdf /f]lsG5 / ;'Ts]/L ePsf] @—# dlxgfdf k'gM
;'? x'G5 . t/, pd]/ $)—$% jif{ gf3]kl5 dlxgfjf/L ;w}Fsf nflu aGb x'G5 .
dlxgfjf/L /f]lsg'sf] dtnj l8Djfzoaf6 l8Dj lg:sg] qmd /f]lsg' xf] .

dlxgfjf/L x/]s dlxnfx?df x'g] k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] . of] k|foM h;f] !!—!@ jif{
b]lv !#—!$ jif{ leq ;'? eOxfN5 . clxn] klg ;'b'/ klZrdlt/ 5fpk8L k|yfsf]
af/]df slt ;dfrf/ xfdLn] ;'lg/x]sf 5f}F . cr]n ljBfno k9\g] pd]/sf 5fqfx?sf]
dlxgfjf/L k|ltsf] 1fg,wf/0ff,Jojxf/ b]vfpF5g\ . ljBfnodf Kof8sf] Joj:yf 5 ls
5}g cflb h:tf k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ kfpg of] cWoog ul/Psf] 5 .

3
!=# cWoogsf] p2]Zox? (Objectives of study)
s'g} klg sfo{sf] cGTodf s]xL kfpg] jf pknAwL xfl;n ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]sf] x'G5 /
;f]xL cg'?k sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf] x'G5 . dfWolds txdf cWoog/t, 5fqfx?n]
dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL cg'ej u/]sf, b]v]sf, ef]u]sf, ljBfnosf kf7\ok':tsdf k9]sf
s'/fx? s] slt :t/df a'em]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/fx?sf] hfgsf/L lng] o; cWoogsf]
d'Vo p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . olx ;fwf/0f p2]Zo k|fKt ug{sf nflu lgDglnlvt ljlzi6
p2]Zox? lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
1. dlxgfjf/L ;DalGwsf] 1fg kQf nufpg' .
2. dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf b]lvg] ;Dd:ofx? kQf nufpg' .
3. dlxgfjf/L ;DalGw Jojxf/ klxrfg ug'{ .

!=$ cWoogsf] dxTj (Significance of the study_

k|:t't cWoogsf] dxTjnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ a'bfFut ?kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
1. of] cWoogn] Ps jif]{ lj=P8= :jf:Yo lzIff lzIf0f ljlw -$()_sf] cf+lzs
kf7\oef/ k'/f ug]{5 .
2. o; cWoogn] dfWolds txdf cWoog/t 5fqfx?n] dlxgfjf/L Ps
k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] eGg] efjgfnfO{ cfTd;ft u/fpg dbt ug]{5 .
3. o; cWoogaf6 k|fKt glthfsf] cfwf/df ljBfno :jf:Yo sfof{qmdsf]
dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL of]hgf agfpg pkof]uL x'g]5 .
4. o; cWoogaf6 dfWolds txsf 5fqfx?n] dlxgfjf/L ;DAfGwL a'e]msf /
ga'e]msf s'/f 5'§fpgsf nflu hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g]5 .
5. dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL hgr]tgf sfof{qmd rnfpgsf nflu k[i7kf]if0fsf]
sfd ug]{5 .

4
!=% cWoogsf] ;LdfÍg (Delimitation of the study)
jf:tjdf cWoogsf] ;LdfÍg ug'{ eg]sf] cl;ldt ljifoj:t'nfO{ l;df leq ;d]6\g'
xf] . o;/L lglZrt l;df leq /x]/ cWoog ug{sf nflu cfJfZos >f]t ;fwgn] klg
wfGg ;lsg] lsl;dn] lgdf{0f ePdf k|ltkmn jf:tljs x'g ;S5 . o; cWoogsf]
;LdfÍgnfO{ lgDg a'bfFut ?kdf pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 .
1. o; cWoog k|ltj]bgn] dfWolds txsf sIff ( / !) sf 5fqfx?nfO{ dfq
;d]6]sf] 5 .
2. o; cWoogn] dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL 1fg, wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/nfO{ dfq ;d]6]sf]
5.
3. o; k|ltj]bgn] hg k|eft df= lj= sf] dfWolds txdf cWoog ug]{ sIff ( /
!) sf rfln;-$)_ hgf 5fqfx?nfO{ dfq ;d]6]sf] 5 .
4. of] cWoog 5fqfx?n] lbPsf] k|ZgfjnLsf] k|ltlqmofaf6 k|fKt hfgsf/L /
glthfsf cfwf/df cWoogsf] JofVof ljZn]if0f u/L lgisif{ lgsflnPsf] 5 .
5. Pp6f dfq ljBfnonfO{ 5gf]6 u/L lgisif{ lgsflnPsf] 5 .

!=^ k|of]u ePsf zAbx?sf] cy{ (Definition of the terms of used)

1. lgif]lrt l8Dj M ue{ /x]fs] cj:yf
2. O:6«f]h]g / k|f]h]:6«f]g M lgif]lrt l8DjnfO{ ljsf; ug{sf nflu l8Djfzoaf6
pTkfbg x'g] xdf]{gx?
3. ljBfno M hg k|eft df= lj= , sflndf6L , sf7df8f}+
4. SofDk; M kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;
5. dfWolds tx M sIff ( / !)
6. kf7\ok':ts M :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff ljifosf] lstfa
7. ;fyL M cfkm';Fu} sIffdf k9\g] ljBfyL{
8. Dflxgfjf/L M dlxnfx?sf] of]gLaf6 dfl;s ?kdf aUg] >fj
9. Kof8 M /ut ;f]:g ;Sg] u/L agfOPsf] j:t'

5
 cWofo M b'O{
cWoog ljlw
@=! cWoogsf] If]q (Study sites)
of] cWoog sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf sflndf6Ldf cjl:yt hg k|eft dfWolds
ljBfnodf ul/Psf] xf] . o; cWoogdf xfdLnfO{ kfos kg]{ EfPsf]n] of] ljBfnonfO{
g} 5gf]6 u/]sf 5f} .

@=@ tYofÍsf] >f]t (Source of data)

tYffÍssf] >f]t cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] k|d'v kIf xf] . lsgeg] oxL >f]taf6 gd'gf
5gf]6 ul/Psf pQ/bftfaf6 g} lgWff{l/t k|Zg ;f]w]/ cWoogsf nflu cfjZos
;'rgf / tYffÍs k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . dlxgfjf/L :fDaGwL 1fg , wf/0ff tyf Jojxf/
cWoog ug{sf nflu hg k|eft df=lj=sf] dfWolds txdf cWoog/t ( / !) sf
5fqfx?nfO{ cWoogsf] d'Vo >f]tsf] ?kdf lnPsf 5f} .

@=# gd'gf 5gf}6 k|lqmof (Sampling Procedure)

sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsfdf w]/} dfWolds ljBfno EfPtf klg cWoog 6f]nLsf]
;'ljwfsf lx;fan] Ps ;/sf/L ljBfnonfO{ 5gf]6 u/]sf lyof}F . sIff ( / !) df
cWoog ug]{ $) hgf 5fqfx?nfO{ dfq hgu0fgfsf ?kdf lnPsf lyof}F .

@=$ tYofÍ ;+sngsf ;fwgx? (Data collection tools)

cWoogsf qmddf cfjZos kg]{ tYffÍsx? k|fKt ug{sf] nflu j:t'ut k|ZgfjnLnfO{
d'Vo ?kdf k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] . k|ZgfjnL cWoog6f]nLsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?sf]
;+o'Qm ;xeflutf, 5nkmn / ;'kl/j]Ifsf] k[i7kf]if0fsf] cfwf/df lgdf{0f ul/Psf]
lyof] .

6
@=% tYofÍ ;+sng k|lqmof (Data collection process)
;j{k|yd cWoogsf nflu kfFr hgfsf] ;d'x lgdf0f{ ul/of] . tt\ kZrft zLif{s
5gf]6 u/L p2]Zox? tf]sL ;f] cg'?k tYofÍs ;ªsngsf lglDt k|ZgfjnL lgdf0f{
ul/of] . of] ;a} sfd ;s]kl5 ;'kl/j]Ifssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd SofDk;af6 ;xof]usf]
kq lnO{ hg k|eft df= lj= sflndf6L df uO{ k|wfgfWofksnfO{ kq a'emfof}F .
k|wfgfWofksn] xfdLnfO{ sIffsf]7fdf lnP/ hfg'eof] . tYofÍs ;+sngsf] qmddf
xfdLn] agfPsf] k|ZgfjnLx? ljBfyL{x?nfO{ eg{ nufP/ tYofÍs ;+sng ug{
nufOof] . o; sfddf ;a} cWoogstf{n] k|Zgkq af8\g] / kl5 hDdf u/]sf lyof}F .

@=^ tYofÍ ljZn]if0f / JofVofg ljlw (Method of data analysis and

interpretation)
cWoogsf qmddf ;+sng ePsf tYofÍx?nfO{ tflnlss/0f ul/of] . tYofÍnfO{
juL{s/0f u/L ljleGg ;d'xdf ljefhg u/]/ tL 8f6fnfO{ tflnsfdf ljefhg u/L
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . of] tYofÍnfO{ cem ;/n, ;lhnf] tyf :ki6 kfg{sf nflu
ljleGg tflnsf , u|fkmsf] ;xfotf lnP/ ;fdfGo tYofÍ ljlw k|of]u u/L JofVof /
ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

7
 cWofo M tLg
tYofÍs k|:t'tLs/0f
#=! dlxgfjf/L rqm eg]sf] s] xf] <
Tfflnsf g+= — !
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= Kf|fs[lts k|lqmof #& (@=%
@= Zff/Ll/s /f]u ! @=%
#= dfgl;s /f]u ) )
$= cGo @ %
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= ! cg';f/ (@=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L Ps k|fs[lts k|lqmof

eg]sf 5g\ eg] @=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L zf/Ll/s /f]u tyf %Ü 5fqfn] cGo eg]]sf
5g\ . of] k|Zgsf] ;lx pQ/ k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] .

of] k|Zgsf] xsdf ljBfyL{df dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL ;xL 1fg ePsf] b]lvof] .

#=@ dlxgfjf/L rqm slt lbgsf] x'G5 <

Tfflnsf g+= — @
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= #@ lbg @ %
@= @* lbg #) &%
#= #) lbg * @)
$= #! lbg ) )
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= @ cg';f/ %Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L rqm #@ lbgsf] , &%Ü 5fqfn]
dlxgfjf/L rqm @* lbgsf] tyf @)Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L rqm #) lbg eg]]sf 5g\
. of] k|Zgsf] ;lx pQ/ @* lbg xf] .
of] k|Zgsf] xsdf ljBfyL{df dlxgfjf/Lrqm ;DaGwL ;xL /fd|f] 1fg , wf/0ff ePsf]
b]lvof] .

8
#=# dlxgfjf/L x'g dlxnfx?sf] s'g c+usf] dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf x'G5 <

Tfflnsf g+= — #
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= kf7]3/ @@ %%
@= of]gL !# #@=%
#= c08 % !@=%
$= cGo ) )
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= # cg';f/ %%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L x'g kf7]3/ , #@=%Ü 5fqfn]
of]gL] tyf %Ü 5fqfn] c08sf] dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf x'G5 eg]]sf 5g\ . of] k|Zgsf] ;lx
pQ/ c08 xf] .
o; k|Zgsf] pQ/df w]/}n] kf7]3/ eGg'sf] sf/0f cGo c+usf] t'ngfdf kf7]3/
;DaGwL hfgsf/L al9 eP/ x'g ;S5 .

#=$ dlxgfjf/L x'bfF of}g :fDks{ ug{ x'G5 jf x'b}g <

Tfflnsf g+= — $
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= x'G5 ) )
@= x'b}g $) !))
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= $ cg';f/ !))Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L x'bfF of}g ;Dks{ ug'{ x'b}g
eg]]sf 5g\ .
of] k|Zgsf] xsdf ljBfyL{x? k|foM lxGb' ;+:s[ltsf] k|efjn] , g5'g] ePsf]n] tyf
dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL ;xL 1fg ePsf] b]lvof] .

9
#=% dlxgfjf/L x'bf lsg of}g :fDks{ ug'{ x'b}g <

Tfflnsf g+= — %
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= k]6 b'Vg] eP/ $ !)
@= aRrf hlGdg] eP/ * @)
#= kfk nfUg] eP/ ) )
$= cGo sf/0fn] @$ ^)
HfDdf $) !))

s}lkmot M $ hgf -!) k|ltzt_ n] pQ/ glbPsf] kfOof] .

dflysf] tflnsf g+= % cg';f/ dlxgfjf/L x'bfF lsg of}g ;Dks{ gug]{ k|Zgsf]
pQ/df !)Ü 5fqfn] k]6 b'Vg] eP/ , @)Ü 5fqfn] aRrf hlGdg] eP/ tyf ^)Ü
5fqfn] cGo sf/0fn] eg]]sf 5g\ . of] k|Zgsf] ;lx pQ/ cGo sf/0fn] xf] . of]
k|Zgsf] !) k|ltzt 5fqfn] pQ/ glbOPsf] kfOof] .

#=^ s] tkfO{ dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf ljBfno hfg'x'G5 <

Tfflnsf g+= — ^
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= hfG5' #( (&=%
@= hfGg ! @=%
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= ^ cg';f/ (&=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf klg ljBfno
hfg] u/]sf] tyf @=%Ü 5fqfn] ljBfno guPsf] e]l6of] .

w]/} ljBfyL{x? dlxgfjf/Lsf] cj:yfdf klg ljBfno hfg'sf] sf/0f ljBfnodf

Kof8sf] /fd|f] Joj:yf tyf ljBfno Joj:yfkg /fd|f] eP/ , :jf:Yo lzIfsn] /fd|f]
k/fdz{ lbPsf] b]lvof] .

10
#=& ljBfnodf dlxgfjf/L ePdf tkfO{ s] ug'{ x'G5 <

Tfflnsf g+= — &

qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= ;fyLnfO{ eG5' #^ ()
@= 3/ hfG5' $ !)
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= & cg';f/ ljBfnodf dlxgfjf/L ePdf tkfO{ s] ug'{ x'G5 eGg]
k|Zgsf] pQ/df () k|ltzt 5fqfn] ;fyLnfO{ eGg] u/]sf] tyf !) k|ltzt 5fqfn]
3/ uPsf] k|ltlqmof hgfPsf] e]l6of] .

lzIfssf] t'ngfdf ;fyLnfO{ eGbf ;xh x'g] ePsf]n] ubf{ of] ljsNkdf a9L pQ/
cfPsf] xf] .

#=* Dflxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf lbgdf slDtdf slt k6s Kof8 km]g'{ k5{ <

Tfflnsf g+= — *
qm=;= ljj/0f ;+Vof k|ltzt
!= # k6s #! &&=%
@= @ k6s * @)
#= ! k6s ! @=%
HfDdf $) !))

dflysf] tflnsf g+= * cg';f/ &&=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf b}lgs # k6s ,
@)Ü 5fqfn] lbgsf] @ k6s tyf @=%Ü 5fqfn] lbgsf] ! k6s Kof8 km]g'{ kg]{
eg]]sf 5g\ .

k|foM ljBfyL{n] # k6s Kof8 km]g'{sf] sf/0f ;/;kmfO{ ;DaGwL 1fg eP/ tyf
reproductive tract ;+qmd0f Go'lgs/0f ug{nfO{ xf] .

11
 cWofo M rf/
;f/f+z, glthf , lgisif{ / ;'emfj
$=! ;f/f+z (Summary)
clxn] cfP/ dlxgfjf/L Ps k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] eGg] wf/0ff ;a}df nueu
cfO;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . of] s'g} zf/Ll/s /f]u xf]Og . g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg
;fd'bflos ljBfnodf cWoog/t sl/a !# nfv 5fqfx?nfO{ ;]g]6/L Kof8 lgMz'Ns
ljt/0f ug{ ah]6 lalgof]hg ul/;s]sf] 5 . 5fqfx? klg v'n]/ cfkm\gf s'/f /fVg]
eO;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . cWoogsf] qmddf klg sl/a &) k|ltzt 5fqfx?df
dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL /fd|f] 1fg ePsf] kfOof] .
$=@ glthf (Finding)
o; cWoogaf6 cfPsf glthf lgDg cg';f/ 5g\ .
 (@=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L Ps k|fs[lts k|lqmof eg]sf 5g\ eg] @=%Ü 5fqfn]
dlxgfjf/L zf/Ll/s /f]u tyf %Ü 5fqfn] cGo eg]]sf 5g\ . of] k|Zgsf] ;lx
pQ/ k|fs[lts k|lqmof xf] .
 %Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L rqm #@ lbgsf] , &%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L rqm @*
lbgsf] tyf @)Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L rqm #) lbg eg]]sf 5g\ . of] k|Zgsf]
;lx pQ/ @* lbg xf] .
 %%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L x'g kf7]3/ , #@=%Ü 5fqfn] of]gL] tyf %Ü 5fqfn]
c08sf] dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf x'G5 eg]]sf 5g\ . of] k|Zgsf] ;lx pQ/ c08 xf] .
 !))Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/L x'bfF of}g ;Dks{ ug'{ x'b}g eg]]sf 5g\ .
 dlxgfjf/L x'bfF lsg of}g ;Dks{ gug]{ k|Zgsf] pQ/df !)Ü 5fqfn] k]6 b'Vg]
eP/ , @)Ü 5fqfn] aRrf hlGdg] eP/ tyf ^)Ü 5fqfn] cGo sf/0fn]
eg]]sf 5g\ . of] k|Zgsf] ;lx pQ/ aRrf hlGdg] ;Defjgf al9 eP/ xf] . of]
k|Zgsf] !) k|ltzt 5fqfn] pQ/ glbOPsf] kfOof] .
 (&=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf klg ljBfno hfg] u/]sf] tyf @=%Ü
5fqfn] ljBfno guPsf] e]l6of] .
 ljBfnodf dlxgfjf/L ePdf tkfO{ s] ug'{ x'G5 eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/df ()
k|ltzt 5fqfn] ;fyLnfO{ eGg] u/]sf] tyf !) k|ltzt 5fqfn] 3/ uPsf]
k|ltlqmof hgfPsf] e]l6of] .
 &&=%Ü 5fqfn] dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf b}lgs # k6s , @)Ü 5fqfn] lbgsf] @
k6s tyf @=%Ü 5fqfn] lbgsf] ! k6s Kof8 km]g'{ kg]{ eg]]sf 5g\ .

12
$=# lgisif{ (Conclusion)
dflysf] glthf cg';f/ lgDg lgisif{ lgsfNg ;lsG5 .
 w]/} 5fqfx?df Dflxgfjf/L ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf kfOof] .
 b}lgs ?kdf w]/} 5fqfx?n] Kof8 km]/]sf] kfOof] .
 ljBfnodf dlxgfjf/L ePsf] cj:yfdf ;fYfLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] kfOof] .
 dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nfdf ;/;kmfO{ tyf kf}li6s tTjo'Qm vfgfdf Wofg
lbOPsf] e]l6of] .
 ;a} 5fqfx?n] dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nfdf ;fYfLx?af6 ;fdfGo Jojxf/ u/]sf]
b]lvof] .

$=@ ;'emfj (Recommendation)

dflysf] glthf Pjd\ lgisif{sf cfwf/df o; cWoogn] lgDg ;'emfj k|:t't u/]sf]
5.
 k|foM h;f] ljBfyL{n] c? a]nfsf] h:t} dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf klg ;fdfGo
Jojxf/sf] ck]Iff u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf] ;xh jftfj/0f xfdL ;a} pkNaw
u/fpg] .
 dlxgfjf/L af/]df nfh gdflgsg lzIfs tyf cleefjsn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{{
hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
 5fqfx?sf] dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nfdf d'Vo vfgfdf :j:Yojw{s , kf]l;nf]
;fukft , df5f df;' tyf kmnkm'no'Qm vfgf v'jfpg] .
 5fqfx?nfO{ slDtdf lbgsf] b'O{k6s Kof8 km]g{ nufpg' k5{ .
 dlxgfjf/sf] a]nfdf s'g} :jf:Yo ;d:of ePdf t'?Gt} pkrf/ u/fpg'sf] ;fy}
xf};nf klg a9fpg] .
 cfjZostfsf] a]nfdf Ps—csf{nfO{ ;xof]u lng] lbg] .

13
 ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L
1. ljjflxt lszf]/lszf]/Lsf nflu k|hgg :jf:Yo , ;fyL lzIfsx?sf nflu tflnd
;xof]uL k'l:tsf . ;g\ @))& . USAID , the ACQUIRE project,
ENGENDER HEALTH , Care Nepal
2. z]/rg nf]s]Gb| , pk|tL ob'/fd :jf:Yo lzIffsf] cfwf/ . lj=;+= @)&% . Sj]:6
klAns]zg k|f= ln=
3. z]/rg nf]s]Gb| , pk|tL ob'/fd :jf:Yo zf/Ll/s lzIffdf cfwf/e't cg':fGwfg /
k|f]h]S6 ld6 . lj=;+= @)&$ . Sj]:6 klAns]zg k|f= ln=
4. https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/13-million-girls-nepal-receive-
free-menstrual-supplies
5. :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff — sIff !) , kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb| , g]kfn ;/sf/
6. https://www.google.com
7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation
8. https://www.medicinenet.com/menstruation/article.htm

14
 kl/lzi6 s -cWoog sfo{of]hgf_
qm=;+= sfo{qmd ;do cjlw

!= ;d'x lgdf0f{ @)&&÷!)÷@)

@= zLif{s 5gf]6 @)&&÷!)÷@!

#= p2]Zo 5gf]6 @)&&÷!)÷@!

$= k|ZgfjnL lgdf0f{ @)&&÷!)÷@! b]lv !)÷@@ ;Dd

%= k|ZgfjnL k'j{ k/LIf0f @)&&÷!)÷@#

^= cWoogsf] lrl7 kfpg] @)&&÷!)÷@%

&= tYofÍs ;+sng @)&&÷!)÷@&

*= tYofÍ tflnlss/0f @)&&÷!)÷@*

(= JofVof / ljZn]if0f @)&&÷!)÷@( b]lv !)÷#)

!)= k|ltj]bg n]vg @)&&÷!!÷)! b]lv !!÷)$ ;Dd

15
 kl/lzi6 v -k|ZgfjnL_
1) tkfO{nfO{ dlxgfjf/L ;DaGwL yfxf 5 <
s_ yfxf 5
v_ yfxf 5}g
2) dlxgfjf/L rs| eg]sf] s] xf] <
s_ k|fs[lts k|lqmof
v_ zf/Ll/s /f]u
u_ dfgl;s /f]u
3_ cGo
3) ;fdfGotof dlxgfjf/L rs| slt lbgsf] x'G5 <
s_ #@ lbg
v_ @* lbg
u_ #) lbg
3_ #! lbg
4) dlxgfjf/L x'g dlxnfx?sf] s'g c+u dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf x'G5 <
s_ kf7]3/
v_ of]gL
u_ c08
3_ cGo
5) dlxgfjf/L x'bf of}g ;Dks{ ug{ x'G5 jf x'b}g .
s_ x'G5
v_ x'b}g
6) x'b}g eg] lsg x'b}g <
s_ k]6 b'Vg] eP/
v_ aRrf hlGdg] al9 vt/f eP/
u_ kfk nfUg] eP/
3_ cGo sf/0fn]
7) s] tkfO{ dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf ljBfno hfg'x'G5 <
s_ hfG5'
v_ hfGg
8) ljBfnodf dlxgfjf/L ePdf tkfO{ s] ug'{ x'G5 <
s_ ;fyLnfO{ eG5'
v_ 3/ hfG5'
9) dlxgfjf/Lsf] a]nfdf lbgdf slDtdf sltk6s Kof8 km]g'{k5{ <
s_ @
v_ #
u_ !

16
10) dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nfdf s] df a9L Woffg lbg'k5{ <
s_ ;/;kmfO{df
v_ vfgfdf
u_ v]ns'bdf
3_ s / v b'a}df
11) s] tkfO{nfO{ dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf dlxnfx?dfly x'g] e]befa af/] yfxf 5 <
s_ yfxf 5
v_ yfxf 5}g
12) tkfO{nfO{ dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf dlxnfx?nfO{ dlGb/df k|j]z ug{ glbg' s:tf] nfU5 <
s_ l7s nfU5
v_ a]l7s nfU5
13) ljBfnodf Kof8sf] Joj:yf 5 ls 5}g <
s_ 5
v_ 5}g
u_ cfkm} Joj:yf ug'k5{
14) dlxgfjf/L x'bf ljBfnodf ;fyLx?n] s:tf] JoJfxf/ u5{g \ <
s_ 5'b}gg\
v_ vfg]s'/f lbbf vfb}gg\
u_ kmf]xf]/L b[li6n] x]5{g\
3_ ;fdfGo Jojxf/ u5{g\
15) tkfO{sf] ljrf/df dlxgfjf/L x'bf ;fyLefO{ , 3/l5d]sn] s:tf] Jojxf/ b]vfpbf /fd|f]
nfU5 <
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

WfGojfb

17
 kl/lzi6 u -cWoog cjlwsf kmf]6f]x?_

@)&&.!).@& hg k|eft df=lj= -sfnLdf6L_ df sIff !) df cWoog/t 5fqfx? k|ZgfjnL eb]{ u/]sf] cj:yf

18
 cWoog kZrft ;fd'lxs tl:j/

ldlt @)&&÷!)÷@& df bfofFaf6 qmdzM ;ld{nf Gof}kfg] , k'?iff]Qd nfn s0f{ , :fTo]Gb| nfn
s0f{ -k|wfgfWofks,hg k|eft df=lj=_, cfgGb k|;fb e§/fO{, g/ axfb'/ u'?ª / pHhjn vgfn

19