Name:____________________________________ Date:____________

CHANGES IN MATTER

PRE-TEST

Read each questions carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer on the blank.

____1. A ___________ change alters the form or appearance of matter but does not change the
substance's identity.

a. physical b. chemical c. substantial d. climate

____2. A substance that undergoes a physical change is ________ the original substance after
the change.

a. different from b. the same as c. slightly larger than d. a clone of

___3. A change in matter that produces one or more new substances is a __________ change.

a. spare b. chemical c. diaper d. physical

___4. Mrs. Herbert's science class is learning that substances can change in many ways.
Sometimes a change will produce a new substance. Which of the following is an example of a
change that results in a new substance?

a. Egg frying in a pan b. Water freezing into ice

c. Paper being shredded d. Lump of clay being broken in two

___5. Dilion left his bike outside for several weeks. During this time, it rained often. How does
Dilion know that a change has taken place in the bike that resulted in a new substance?

a. The bike is wet

b. The paint is peeling

c. The water has evaporated

d. The bike has reddish rust

___6. Bob and his friends noticed an apple on the ground. The apple was beginning to decay. This
is a chemical change. Which of these is evidence of a chemical change?

a. A change in the size and shape b. A change in color and smell

c. A change in texture and shape d. A change in size and hardness

___7. Mrs. Ruiz asked her science class what would happen if a substance were to undergo a
chemical change. The students said that a new substance would be formed. Which of the
following would NOT provide evidence that supports the students’ claim?

a. change in odor b. change in color

c. presence of bubbles d. change in size and shape

___8. Which of these is not a chemical change?

a. leaves decaying b. icicles melting

c. wood burning d. rust on a bicycle

___9. Alex baked a batch of cookies. When the cookies came out of the oven, Alex noticed that
color of the cookies had changed. They smelled different than the raw cookie dough. The raw
cookie dough was sticky and soft and the baked cookies are dry and firm. What kind of change
has taken place in the cookies?

a. Chemical change- decaying b. Chemical change- cooking

c. Physical change- cooking d. Physical change- breaking

___10. Keira is observing a piece of kiwi for 10 days. She notices the kiwi becomes soft, black and
brown spots appear on its skin. The kiwi is starting to give off a strong, bad odor. Keira
hypothesizes that the kiwi is changing because of the heat in the room. What is an observation
AND an inference that Keira made?

a. Keira notices the texture has changed.

b. Keira infers that the heat is responsible for the changes.

c. Keira notices the color has changed and infers that the heat is responsible for the
changes.

d. Keira does not observe any changes.

____11. 16. How do you know matter has changed?

a. The matter stays the same.

b. New material is formed.

c. The matter gets more massive.

d. The matter gets less massive.

____12. Which of the following sports uses water it its solid state?

a. Water skiing b. Canoeing c. Ice Hockey d. swimming

____13. Which of these shows how liquid water changes as the temperature of the air decreases?

a. Water -> Gas b. Gas -> Water

c. Water -> Ice d. Ice -> Water

____14. How are solids different from liquids?

a. Solids have a fixed shape

b. Liquids have a fixed shape

c. Solids do not freeze

d. Liquids do not freeze

____15. Olivia is making smores over a campfire. Her marshmallow falls into the fire and burns.
Which is true about her marshmallow?

a. The fire produces no change to the marshmallow.

b. The fire produces a physical change to the marshmallow.

c. The marshmallow turns into new matter (ashes).

d. The ashes left behind will turn back into a marshmallow.

CHANGES IN MATTER

You hit a baseball out of the park and head for first base. You’re excited. The score is tied,
and now your team has a chance of getting a winning home run. Then you hear a crash. Oh no!
The baseball hit a window in a neighbouring house. The glass has a big hole in it, surrounded by a
web of cracks (see Figure below). The glass has changed. It’s been broken into jagged pieces.
But the glass is still glass. Breaking the window is an example of a physical change in matter.

Physical Changes in Matter

A physical change in matter is a change in one or more of matter’s physical properties.

Glass breaking is just one example of a physical change. Some other examples are shown in
Figure below and in the video below. In each example, matter may look different after the change
occurs, but it’s still the same substance with the same chemical properties. For example, smaller
pieces of wood have the ability to burn just as larger logs do.
Because the type of matter remains the same with physical changes, the changes are often easy
to undo. For example, braided hair can be unbraided again. Melted chocolate can be put in a
fridge to re-harden. Dissolving salt in water is also a physical change. How do you think you could
undo it?

Chemical Changes in Matter

Did you ever make a "volcano," like the one in Figure below, using baking soda and
vinegar? What happens when the two substances combine? They produce an eruption of foamy
bubbles. This happens because of a chemical change. A chemical change occurs when matter
changes chemically into an entirely different substance with different chemical properties. When
vinegar and baking soda combine, they form carbon dioxide, a gas that causes the bubbles. It’s
the same gas that gives soft drinks their fizz.
Signs of Chemical Change

How can you tell whether a chemical change has occurred? Often, there are clues. To decide
whether a chemical change has occurred, look for these signs:

1. Gas bubbles are released. (Example: Baking soda and vinegar mix and produce bubbles.)

2. Something changes color. (Example: Leaves turn from green to other colors.)

3. An odor is produced. (Example: Logs burn and smell smoky.)

4. A solid comes out of a solution. (Example: Eggs cook and a white solid comes out of the clear
liquid part of the egg.)

Reversing Chemical Changes

Because chemical changes produce new substances, they often cannot be undone. For
example, you can’t change a fried egg back to a raw egg. Some chemical changes can be
reversed, but only by other chemical changes. For example, to undo the tarnish on copper
pennies, you can place them in vinegar. The acid in the vinegar reacts with the tarnish. This is a
chemical change that makes the pennies bright and shiny again. You can try this yourself at home
to see how well it works.
Name:____________________________________ Date:____________

CHANGES IN MATTER

POST TEST

A. Identify the following as physical or chemical changes. Write PC on the space provided before
each number if it is physical change and CC if it is chemical change.

_____1. Table salt dissolves in water. _____6. Milk sours

_____2. Silver tarnishes _____7. A tire is inflated

_____3. An apple is cut _____8. Wood rots

_____4. Heat changes water to steam _____9. Pancakes cook

_____5. Baking soda reacts to vinegar _____10. Ice melts

B. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is not. Write your answer on the blank.

_____1. Changing the sizes and shapes of pieces of wood would be a chemical change.

_____2. In a physical change, the makeup of matter is change.

_____3. Evaporation occurs when liquid water changes into a gas.

_____4. Evaporation is a physical change.

_____5. Burning wood is a physical change.

_____6. Crumpling paper is a chemical change

_____7. Breaking up concrete is a physical change.

_____8. Sand being washed out to sea from the beach is a chemical change.

_____9. When ice cream melts, a chemical change occurs.

_____10. Acid rain damaging a marble statue is a physical change.

ANSWER KEY (CHANGES TO MATTER)

PRE-TEST

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. B
9. B
10. C
11. B
12. C
13. C
14. A
15. C

POST TEST
A. B

1. PC 1. F

2. CC 2. F

3. PC 3. T
4. PC 4. T
5. CC 5. F
6. CC
6. F
7. PC
7. T
8. CC
8. F
9. CC
9. F
10. PC
10. F