PDC ESCRITA IV - TIME CLAUSES

GRAMMAR - U.79
VOCABULARY - U. 21
Vocabulary: Unit 21 - TIME
Grammar: Unit 79 - ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME

ONE THING BEFORE ANOTHER: before + -ing; prior to + -ing; previously; formerly.
THINGS HAPPENING AT THE SAME TIME: while + -ing; as + clause; at the very moment/time;
whenever; during; throughout.
ONE THING AFTER ANOTHER: after + -ing; afterwards; following + noun.
ONE THING HAPPENING IMMEDIATELY AFTER ANOTHER: hardly/scarcely + before/when; no
sooner + than/when (used with past perfect + simple past in the following action).
TIME WHEN: when + present tense; as soon as; once; the moment/minute/time; on that occasion.
CONNECTING TWO PERIODS: in the meantime; since then; by the time + present tense.
THINGS HAPPENING UP TO A TIME: until; before.
21.3 - Complete these sentences with true
information about you.
1. While I’m asleep, …………………………………………………………………….……………………
2. After I’ve eaten too much, ………………………………………………...……………………….
3. The moment I wake up, ……………………………………………………….……………………..
4. Throughout my childhood ……………………………………………….………………………….
5. We´re in class right now. Earlier on, …………………………………..……………………..
6. Once I finish my teaching course, …………………………………………………….……….
7. Before going on holiday, I always ………………………………………………………………
8. Following an argument with someone, I always feel ……………………………..
9. Prior to starting this teaching course, I ……………………………………………….……
10. After this pandemic ends, …………………………………………………………………….…...
79.3 - Complete these sentences in any
appropriate way.
1. David had no sooner recovered from a broken ankle …...……….……………………
2. He had hardly put down the phone ……..………………………………...……………………….
3. We had no sooner eaten ….……………………………………………………….……………………..
4. Maggie had hardly finished speaking ………………………………….………………………….
5. I had scarcely driven to the end of the street ………………………..……………………..
Adverbial clauses of time
until, before, when, while, as, as soon as, hardly, scarcely.

A. State if the sentences are OK and correct the wrong ones.

1. Before you will know it, your children will have grown up.
2. I was only just in time. As I had taken my seat, the concert started.
3. It's still two hours before I have to be back.
4. After I paint the outside of the house I'm going to decorate the kitchen.
5. He will be released from prison after he will have served 4 years.
6. She will be 25 when she completes her course.
7. When the two leaders had met, they shook hands.
8. They ordered coffee when they ate their main course.
9. You can watch television after you have cleaned your room.
10. I won't give up before I will have finished what I set out to do.
Adverbial clauses of time
until, before, when, while, as, as soon as, hardly, scarcely.
B. Here are some extracts from the biography of a mountain climber, Daniel Cleaver.
Write before or until in the spaces (maybe both are possible).
1. He stayed in the tent ……………… the fog cleared. Only then was he able to go on.
2. He didn't believe that climbing the south face would be possible …………………. he spoke to
local villagers who knew of a possible route.
3. By taking a shorter but steeper route, he reached base camp …………………….. his fellow
climbers.
4. He climbed …………………… he was exhausted and could go no further.
5. He had to wait five years ………………………… he had another opportunity to climb Everest.
6. Cleaver waited with his companion ……………………… the rescuers came, and then helped
them carry her back down the mountain.
7. Fortunately, he had left the summit …………………….. the storm started.