GSM NETWORK STRUCTURE [7]

CHAPTER THREE

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

3.0 METHODOLOGY

The method used in the execution of this project comprises the combination of serial

communication protocols, signal processing, programming logics with embedded system. In

other to establish the aim of the project these methods were combined from the design stage to

the construction and performance results of the system. Using carefully selected materials and

software implementation to drive the complete system as seen in the final construction. This

chapter entails the design procedure of the system detailing the theoretical analysis, choice of
components and values and construction and packaging materials. Indicating calculations,

schematics and drawings

3.1 HARDWARE DESIGN ANALYSIS

The circuit is divided into 5 segments: the regulated power, communication unit, microcontroller

unit, display and smoke detector unit. The block diagram for the system is presented in the figure

below, showing the basic units of the system circuitry.

FIG. 3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.1.1 POWER SUPPLY

The power supply for the fire alarm unit is designed to suit the specification of the component

units of the system. A power transformer rectification and regulation method is applied to derive

the appropriate voltage levels of the unit as seen in the circuit below.
 FIG. 3.2 REGULATED POWER SUPPLY

3.1.2 THE TRANSFORMER

This design primarily derives its power from the AC mains supply of 220V, however it is not

reasonable to power an electronic circuitry with an AC of this magnitude, and so the need of a

step down transformer with output of 18V.

A transformer is very efficient at converting AC voltages and currents from one value to another.

In practice efficiencies of 98% may be achieved, the losses being due to heating effects of the

transformer core, winding loss and leakage flux.

The power requirement of the circuit to be power is 1.44W. Therefore, the power supply unit is

design to give that power output. Transformer type: two 240/18V, 500Ma