PRESENTATION ON REPTILES

CLASSIFICATION
GROUP-C
Photo Album
OF SOME REPTILES
Graph of Reptiles
 Class-
Reptilia
Subclass-4:
Subclass-1: Subclass-2: Subclass-3: Subclass-5: Subclass-6:
Ichthyopteryg
Anapsida Synapsida Euryapsida Lepidosauria Archosauria
ia

Order-1: Order-4: Order-6: Order-8: Order-9: Order-12:

Cotylosauria Pelycosauria Araeoscelidia Ichthyosauria Eosuchia Thecodontia

Order-10:
Order-2: Order-5: Order-7: Order-13:
Rhynchoceph
Mesosauria Therapsida Sauropterygia Crocodilia
alia

Order-3: Order-11: Order-14:

Chelonia Squamata Saurischia

Order-15:
Ornithischia

Order-16:
Pterosauria
General Characters of Reptiles

 Dry body covered with scales.

 Reptile scales develop as surface cells filled with
keratin, the same protein that forms your
fingernails and hair.
 Toes have claws
 They have limbs with five toes for movement
(except most of those in the order Squamata)
 Their jaw structures are built for crushing prey
 Most reptiles lay hard-shelled amniotic eggs.
Subclass-1: Anapsida

 Skull roof solid

 No opening behind eye.
Subclass-1: Anapsida

 Order-1: Cotylosauria
 Order-2: Mesosauria
 Order-3: Chelonia
Order-1: Cotylosauria
•Having complete
cranial roof
•Jaw teeth are
poorly developed.
•Limbs are feebly
and project
laterally

Example:
Captorhinus
 Order-2: Mesosauria
•Body is slender in
shape, which is
measured not more
than a meter.
•Hind leg more
powerful than for leg .
•Tail laterally
compressed.

Example: Mesosaurus
Order-3: Chelonia
•Body broad, encased in a
firm “shell” of rounded
dorsal carapace and flat
ventral plastron
•Body covered by
leathery skin
•No teeth, jaws with
horny sheaths

Example: Chelonia mydas

Subclass 2: Synapsida

 Primitive skull roof with lower opening

behind eye
 Which is bounded above by postorbital and
squamosal.
Subclass 2; Synapsida

 Order-4: Pelycosauria
 Order-5: Therapsida
Order-4: Pelycosauria

•It has a large skull with

a temporal holes at the
back of each eye on the
side, a unique trait of
synapsid skull
•Limbs are short
•Had two types of teeth
in it's mouth, like a
mammal, shearing teeth
and sharp canine teeth

Example: Dimetrodon
Order-5: Therapsida
•The temporal opening
of the skull was big.
• The teeth are
distinctly differentiated
into the incisors,
canines and molars
• Permian into triassic
• Few jurassic
Example: Moschops
Subclass-3: Euryapsida

 Skull roof with Upper opening behind eye

 Which is bounded below by postorbital and
squamosal.
Subclass-3: Euryapsida

 Order-6: Araeoscelidia
 Order-7: Sauropterygia
Order-6: Araeoscelidia

•Looked like any other

small, lizard-like proto-
reptile
• Some euryapsid (upper
temporal fenestra only),
but jugal still bifurcated
• Long necks

Example: Araeoscelis
Order-7: Sauropterygia
•It was
distinguished by
its small head,
• Long and
slender neck,
•Broad turtle-like
body,
• A short tail, and
two pairs of large,
elongated
paddles
Example:
Plesiosaurus
Subclass-4: Ichthyopterygia

 Skull roof with Upper opening behind eye

 Which is bounded below by postfrontal and
supratemporal.
Subclass-4: Ichthyopterygia

 Order-8: Ichthyosauria
Order-8: Ichthyosauria

•length
measuring about
10-15 meter
•Head was large
with a elongated
snout
•Limbs were
paddle like

Example:
Ichthyosaurus
Subclass-5: Lepidosauria

 Skull roof with 2 openings behind eye

 Which is separated by a bar formed by
postorbital and squamosal
 No anteorbital opening
Subclass-5: Lepidosauria

 Order-9: Eosuchia
 Order-10: Rhynchocephalia
 Order-11: Squamata
 Order-9: Eosuchia

•The skull was much wider posteriorly.

• The maxilla was convex ventrally and much deeper.
•The lower temporal bar was complete.
•Several rows of teeth lined the jaws and palate

Example: Youngina
Order-10: Rhynchocephalia

•Skull with two pairs of

arches
•Male Tuataras lack a penis
or other copulatory organ
•Have teeth that are set
squarely on the jawbone

Example: Sphenodon
Order-11: Squamata

•Lizards and snakes

•Skin with horny
epidermal scales
•Quadrate bone
moveable

Example: Naja naja

Subclass-6: Archosauria

 Many of which tended toward bipedal

locomotion
 Usually an anteorbital space in skull
Subclass-6: Archosauria

 Order-12: Thecodontia
 Order-13: Crocodilia
 Order-14: Saurischia
 Order-15: Ornithischia
 Order-16: Pterosauria
Order-12: Thecodontia

•Sharp teeth present on the jaw edges

•Long hind legs and tail
• Narrow skull

Example: Saltoposuchus
Order-13: Crocodilia

•With four short, splayed legs

•long, powerful tail
•The snout is elongated and
includes a strong pair of jaws
•The nostrils, eyes, and ears
are situated on the top of its
head

Example: Crocodylus acutus

Order-14: Saurischia

•Neck and tail is the

longest
•4- footed
•They are bipedal
•Teeth are born from the
premaxilla

Example: Brontosaurus
Order-15: Ornithischia

•Duck- billed dinosaurs

•Two 0r four footed
•Horned and armored

Example: Triceratops
Order-16: Pterosauria
•They are flying
reptiles
•Forelimb with
wing membrane
•Some time no
tail or long tail

Example:
Pteranodon
 Group-C Members

 Roll No=117476, 107411, 107413, 107414,

107417, 107419, 107425, 107426, 107430,
107436, 107438, 107441, 107448, 107451,
107462, 107463, 107464, 107471, 093480
 Reference
 Storer et.al(1983), general zoology, 6th
edition, TATA MCGRAW HILL
PUBLISHING CO.LTD, New Delhi.
Thanks to All
of You