TH HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my deep debts of gratitude to all those eminent persons who helped me
while preparing my project.

It is my proud privilege to express the deepest sense of gratitude towards

Madhumita Ghosh Dutta, faculty, Tezpur University, who deserve the respect,
the esteem and the gratitude for her guidance, suggestions and for providing me
an opportunity to work on this knowledgeful project thereby helping me learn
on this topic with dean of interest.

Last, but not the least, I pay my grateful salutation to my parents and family for
their valuable support, suggestions and enormous help during the period of
project and to one and all who directly or indirectly, have lent their helping hand
in this venture.

DEVAPRANJAL SAHARIA

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “Household Solid Waste Managment”
submitted by Devapranjal Saharia, Roll. No. CSB19034, III semester for the
award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology (Computer Science) to the Tezpur
University, Tezpur is based on the result of studies carried out by him under my
guidance and supervision. The Project or any part of this has not been previously
submitted for the award of any other degree.

(MADHUMITA GHOSH DUTTA)

FACULTY
TEZPUR UNIVERSITY

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1. INTRODUCTION

Virtually all production and consumption activities that humans engage in

create waste materials that are socially costly to handle. Development does
not come without environmental burdens thus waste in recent times has
become a topic of extensive attention in academic and popular literature.
Waste is conventionally defined as unwanted material at the point of
generation which does not have immediate use. The term solid waste is used
for waste which is solid.

However, governments took the responsibility of solid waste management

generated from household and commercial activities. But still, the generation
of urban solid waste is rising continuously. In the rapid urbanization,
developing countries are largely unable to
deal with increasing amounts of waste generated in cities and towns. Rapid
development and urbanization not only lowers the accessibility of
compostable urban waste but also its quality, with rising percentages of non-
compostable matter due to greater use of plastics by urban households and
chemical pollutant.

Household solid waste (HSW) is considered as a type of municipal solid

waste (MSW) and consists mainly of plastics, paper, glass, metals, organics,
wood and others. These wastes must be predisposed accurately to assist keep
environmental quality and human health, as well as to preserve natural
resources. Household solid waste (HSW) has both direct and indirect effects
on environment and human welfare. Direct effects range from the damage of
materials and loss of aesthetic importance to the impairment of human
health, thus creating significant socioeconomic impacts. Indirect effects are
mainly long-term effects which range from change in ecosystem structure
and behavior to the climate change, which in turn will affect socio-economy
and the sustainability of the region.

The waste management is generally applied in order to reduce negative

effect of wastes on human health, the environment or aesthetics aspects in
nature. Waste Management includes the prevention of waste production, the
reduction of the quantity of waste and its negative impact on the

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environment, the reduction of the volume or harmful nature of the waste.

The Waste Management include waste hierarchy ranks that is the different
ways in which we can treat and dispose of our waste in order of
sustainability, or relative environmental benefits.

The waste hierarchy must be used as a basis of waste management strategies,

focuses to minimize and reduce the pre-landfill quantity of wastes that help
some waste management options over others (reuse over recycling, recycling
and disposal).

2. METHODOLOGY
Because of differences in population, life-style and
economic level in cities, there is a different density in
household solid wastes.
I determined the quantity and composition of household
solid waste over 1week which were randomly collected
from my home.
These samples were segregated and sorted then
weighted in weighing machine and tabulated as well as
scripted the graph.
In this project, the household wastes were segregated into Biodegradable and Non-
Biodegradable where biodegradable wastes contain organics (peel of fruits and
vegetables, dry leaves and flowers) and papers and non-biodegradable wastes
contain plastics and glasses.
After segregation, the household wastes are disposed. The wastes are disposed in
Waste Landfill.
WASTE LANDFILL: Waste landfill site is also known
as a tip, dump, rubbish dump, garbage dump, or dumping
ground, is a site for the disposal of waste materials.
Landfill is the oldest and most common form of waste
disposal.

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3. RESULT:
 The weight of household waste are measured in weighing machine, first whole
household wastes and second segregated weight of both biodegradable and
non-biodegradable.
 In my home there are 4 family member and waste are measured according to
that.
 Later the values are tabulated and scripted the graphs.

DATE DAY HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE

20-10-2020 TUESDAY 320
22-10-2020 WEDNESDAY 250
23-10-2020 THURSDAY 360
24-10-2020 FRIDAY 400
25-10-2020 SATURDAY 330
26-10-2020 SUNDAY 360
27-10-2020 MONDAY 300
TOTAL 2320
 The unit for the values of weighed household wastes has been taken as gram.

TABLE 1: Calculated weight of whole household wastes.

Household Solid Managment

450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday

Household Solid Managment

FIGURE1: Graph of whole weighted household waste

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DATE DAY HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE
BIODEGRADABLE NON-BIODEGRADABLE
20-10-2020 TUESDAY 260 60
22-10-2020 WEDNESDAY 200 50
23-10-2020 THURSDAY 250 110
24-10-2020 FRIDAY 320 80
25-10-2020 SATURDAY 280 50
26-10-2020 SUNDAY 270 90
27-10-2020 MONDAY 240 60
TOTAL 1820 500
 The unit for the values of weighed household wastes has been taken as gram.

TABLE 2: Calculated weight of segregated household wastes,

biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

Household Solid Waste

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday

Biodegradable Non-Biodegradable

FIGURE 2: Graph of segregated household wastes, biodegradable and

non-biodegradable.

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4. DISCUSSION:
Sorting and segregation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes are
done at the household level. Segregation shall be conducted at the source, i.e.
house. The best way of managing household waste is to avoid then reduce and
if not possible, then we should try to reduce and recycle rather than disposing
either in waste landfill or open burning.

The quantity and quality of household waste can be reduced to an acceptable

limit by pursuing food systems and changing some of social customs and
traditions. This requires raising awareness through educational systems and
through publication of this culture through special integrated long-term
programs through various media.

The waste landfill were mechanically biologically treated from that of

unprocessed municipal solid waste owing to the removal and reduction of
certain waste fractions during the mechanical sorting.

5. CONCLUSION:
From the above result, it was concluded that during the weighing of whole
household waste, the total weight of the waste was 2320 gram and during the
weighing of segregated wastes, the total weight of biodegrable wastes was
1820 gram and non-biodegrable waste was 500 gram. Thus it’s a good
indication that the biodegrable waste is more than non-biodegradable wastes.
It is a good step towards the sustainable growth of the society along with the
safety of environment.
The sorting and separation of household solid waste in houses is considered
as pre-waste management. The less weight of the household wastes, the more
safer the environment is. Every person should try to avoid the non-
biodegradable household waste. If it is not possible then person should try to
use those non-biodegradable waste which can be recycle or reused.