Ausmolo, Mel Vincent M.

N1A

Ethics March 15, 2021

1. When does life begins? What is meant by ensoulment?

 In science, the life of a human being’s begins when a sperm cell and egg cell unite to form
one single cell called a zygote, which as of that event, will undergo a series of divisions that
will scientifically result in the birth of an infant.
 In religion, the term ensoulment is when God begins to which a human being in a womb
gains a soul.

2. What is the significance of the beginning of life?

 Scientifically, we know that the life naturally began 3.5 billion years ago. As we understand
the significance of life is that all the life form here on earth has it all means the purpose of
survival. Since the significance of life has the credibility of much importance in reproduction.
I could say that the significance of life gives the sense of responsibility of giving a human’s
beginning life with the decision and the environment for them to fully nurture of they are
psychologically and spiritually grow.

3. How can a nurse contribute favorably to a healthy beginning of life?

 In my very own opinion, Nurses can contribute to a healthy beginning of life by
understanding and performing the tasks and the duties as health care professionals and as
genuinely concerned individuals in the performance of pre-natal care given to pregnant
women since I could say that the beginning of life starts with pregnancy of a woman. Aside
from the assuring physical comfort of the future mother and monitoring the growth and
development of the fetus inside the womb and also making sure that everything's fine with
it, Furthermore, Nurses can also help in the promotion of the emotional bonding between
the mother and the baby even before the delivery.

4. Read the code of ethics for nurses and the prescribed scope of nursing practice for Filipino
nurses. Identify the principle being addressed.
 As I’ve read the code of ethics, is that beneficence is not the only ethical concept that is
correlated to nursing. But first, beneficence is significant in the grounds that it supports a
predominant norm of nursing performance and execution. It additionally accentuates
merciful consideration and supports for nonstop endeavoring toward the excellence
individually. Nurses should be watchful, notwithstanding, of the drawback of this guideline,
as it can prompt paternalism when executed inappropriately. At the point when a patient's
self-rule is forfeited for giving consideration that is considered "right," acting for the sake of
helpfulness can be harming as opposed to accommodating.
 o Autonomy: The acknowledgment that individuals reserve the privilege to settle on
their own decisions, hold their own perspectives and make their own dependent on
their very own qualities and conviction frameworks.

o Justice: Treating others evenhandedly and with reasonableness.

o Non maleficence: Doing no damage, regardless of whether purposefully or

inadvertently.

5. Surf of Baby Theresa and the problem of Anencephalic Organ Sources. Is her organ morally
acceptable for donation?
The 9-day-old newborn child with anencephaly was not allowed to help another
imperiled young person with persevering through the gift of an organ for relocation. Her
regretting parents were denied the one solace that may have encouraged their setback a piece.
What Baby Theresa has done, regardless, is call solid thought, eventually, to the nation's need to
adjust compassionately to clinical development that is raising new issues of life and passing and
to the legitimate, moral, and bioethical questions that are dubious. Theresa's people, Laura
Campo and Justin Pearson required fifty-fifty per month earlier their unborn newborn child had
anencephaly and would make due, two or three days after birth. They let the pregnancy
continue, to track down some little solace in the presumption that in her downfall, their infant
could save at any rate one distinct babies by offering organs to moves. Theresa's condition was
never being alluded to. Anencephaly can be dissected during pregnancy considering the way
that the upper piece of the skull and scalp and the whole of the cerebrums except for the brain
stem are missing.

Most such kids are stopped after the assurance is made. It's surveyed that around 1,050
children with anencephaly are brought into the world consistently, some of them stillbirths.
Basically all pass on a few days. The longest perseverance on record is around two months. The
purpose behind anencephaly is dark. It is more typical in whites than various get-togethers,
among young women than youngsters, and in Western Europe and eastern territories of the
United States than elsewhere. A couple of examinations have suggested possible causes, yet
they have been countered by other assessment disclosures. Kids with anencephaly are depicted
as being forever neglectful, disregarding the way that they do show some reflex exercises.
Experts expect they don't persevere through or have any care. Since the end is plainly obvious
and downfall cutting-edge and unavoidable, it's sensible that anencephalic newborn children
would be seen as a likely wellspring of organs for moves for various infants or little adolescents.
In any case, the case for using anencephalic infant kids as organ givers is restoratively
obfuscated and ethically upsetting, as what occurred for Theresa and her people make
appallingly comprehended. If a particularly infant youngster was to be considered essentially as
a wellspring of organs for moves, she would almost certainly be set in a trance like state gear
after entering the world to keep up her body also as could be considered typical until sensible
 recipients were found and the organs wiped out. This procedure has been used to give powerful
exchanges from anencephalic children. Even more ordinarily, an anencephalic infant is given
routine thought until respiratory catch occurs or cerebrum stem work stops and she meets the
legitimate significance of death. Every so often the baby is then situated in a state of
unconsciousness to secure her organs too as could be considered typical for transplantation.
Some productive exchanges have been cultivated with this cycle; at this point typically, the
organs are not usable by then.

Is it ethically, therapeutically, morally essential to hold on until an anencephalic infant

kid fulfills the guideline models for death before using her organs? Contemplating the dull legal
request, a South Florida court controlled seven days prior Theresa's basic organs couldn't be
moved until all psyche development - including any limit of her cerebrum stem, which controls
respiratory and heartbeat had halted. An enormous bit of the bioethicists who have commented
investigating it agree, saying fundamentally the organs of the living ought not be taken to
benefit others, in any case dangerous and ordained the provider's essence. Nonetheless, how
ethically vain would it be a smart thought for us to be? We have taken the easy way out, clung
to the old rules, wouldn't make an others cognizant exception for fear we can't stop a slide
down an imagined interesting inclination of extreme aversions. So a newborn child who was
never discerning continued on a few all the more extended lengths of hopeless reality before
her condition met the legal importance of death. Her organs had debilitated past
accommodation to some other person. The adolescent, or children, who may have continued
with a long life given her heart, her lungs, her liver, or her kidneys, will no doubt kick the pail
also. Theresa's family will relinquish the little comfort of a mindful and enrichment of life.
Assumption will come fairly harder for watchmen of children on the exchange holding up list.
There are very few affirmations here. Regardless, when strong organs are free, they can't by and
large be composed quickly enough with sensible recipients. A couple of moves, in any case
empowering, don't work. What is certain is that babies with anencephaly kick the can while
never having been totally alive. By changing the laws portraying destruction scarcely and
expressly to join the characteristic setback of for all intents and purposes the whole of the
cerebrum and the following shortfall of discernment, we could let these infants - with parental
consent - offer ordinary everyday practice to kids who could encounter long and well. Theresa's
people are pushing the request on to the Florida Supreme Court. The Florida lead agent and the
Senate bigger part pioneer say they would consider managerial action on the issue. Theresa's
quality may yet mean life and assumption for others.

References:

Principles of bioethics. (n.d.). Retrieved March, 2021, from

https://depts.washington.edu/bhdept/ethics-medicine/bioethics-topics/articles/principles-bioethics
 Rogers, W., & Braunack-Mayer, A. (n.d.). Ethical issues at the beginning of life. Retrieved March,
2021, from https://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780199235520.001.0001/med-
9780199235520chapter-9

Seay, G., & Nuccetelli, S. (2017). Engaging bioethics: An introduction with case studies.

New York: Routledge.

Szawarski, P., & Oram, J. (2015, August). Classic cases revisited: BABY Theresa and the definition
of death. Retrieved March, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606434/

Ventura-Juncá, P., & Santos, M. (n.d.). The beginning of life of a new human being from the
scientific biological perspective and its bioethical implications. Retrieved March, 2021, from
https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602011000200013

Kockler, N. J. (2007, May). The principle of double effect and proportionate reason. Journal of
Ethics | American Medical Association. https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/principle-double-
effect-and-proportionate-reason/2007-05

O'Brien, J. (n.d.). The beginning of life: A topic worthy of discussion. Social Studies.
https://www.socialstudies.org/sites/default/files/publications/se/6001/600106.ht