OM0401 Overview of Turbine Version G

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL
For
KHARTOUM NORTH POWER STATION-
PHASE III (2×100MW) PROJECT
Section 04
Section Name：Steam Turbine Body Equipment
Volume 01
Volume Name: Overview of Turbine
Document No. KNPS-OM0401
Version G
1
Table of contents
1 STEAM TURBINE OVERVIEW ................................................................................................. 3
2 MAIN TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 4
2.1 MAIN TECHNICAL PARAMETERS OF STEAM TURBINE UNIT ........................................................ 4
2.2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF STEAM TURBINE FLOW CHART ....................................................... 5
3 EACH COMPONENT OF UNIT ................................................................................................. 6
3.1 CASING: ............................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 ROTOR: ................................................................................................................................ 6
3.3 BEARING: ............................................................................................................................. 7
3.4 TURNING GEAR DEVICE AND JACK PUMP SYSTEM: ................................................................ 7
3.5 SLIDING PIN SYSTEM AND EXPANSION DIFFERENCE ............................................................... 8
3.6 GLAND SEAL ........................................................................................................................ 8
3.7 STEAM DISTRIBUTION WAY ................................................................................................... 8
4 INTRODUCTION TO UNIT FIRST SHUTDOWN SYSTEM ....................................................... 9
4.1 REGENERATION SYSTEM ....................................................................................................... 9
4.2 LP CASING WATER SPRAY DEVICE ...................................................................................... 10
4.3 DRAIN WATER SYSTEM ........................................................................................................11
4.4 LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM ...................................................................................................11
4.5 BYPASS SYSTEM INTRODUCTION AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ........................................ 12
4.6 NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR HEAT CONSUMPTION GUARANTEE ........................................ 13
4.7 REGULATION AND SECURITY SYSTEM .................................................................................. 14
Appendix 1 43A.000.1JT-(B) steam turbine technical terms for delivery & acceptance from
HTC
Appendix 2 43A.000.3GD(B)-3 the drawing and document list of control and protection
system from HTC
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1 Steam Turbine Overview
The steam turbine is a prime mover which drives other machines to rotate by
converting heat potential energy of steam to mechanical energy. In order to ensure
safe and economic operation of steam turbine, several accessory equipments shall be
provided, which shall be connected by pipelines and valves to form steam turbine set.
This steam turbine drives the generator to form the steam turbine generator set.
Steam with relatively high pressure and temperature enters into the steam turbine
through the main throttle valve and the control valve. Under the action of differential
pressure between the inlet and outlet of steam turbine, steam flows towards the
exhaust and the pressure temperature is decreasing, converting somEH (Electric
Hydraulic)eat potential energy into mechanical energy. For thEH (Electric
Hydraulic)eat economy consideration, when steam flows to different levels, certain
volume of steam will be extracted out as regeneration system to heat condensation
water and feed water. The condensing equipment is used to further reduce the
pressure and temperature of exhaust steam, so as to improve efficiency of the unit
which is equipped with regenerativEH (Electric Hydraulic)eating equipment to increase
economy.
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2 Main Technical Specifications
2.1 Main technical parameters of steam turbine unit
Model: N110-8.83/535
Type: High temperature, high pressure, impulse, double-casing, double flow

exhaust, condensing type
Manufacturer: Harbin steam turbine manufacturing company Ltd.
Rated power: 110MW
Rated rotating speed: 3000 r/min
Rotating direction: clockwise seen from turbinEH (Electric Hydraulic)ead to

generator
Working power grid frequency: 50HZ
Rated steam inflow: 401.01t/h
Max. steam inflow: 420t/h
Max. power: 114.96MW
Pressure of live steam: 8.83Mpa
Temperature of live steam 535
Rated back pressure: 7.9KPa
Temperature of feed water: 233.2
Temperature of cooling water
(design water temperature) 29℃
Highest cooling water temperature to keep rated power 34
Allowed highest back pressure value of steam turbine: 18.63kPa (a)
Stage number: 1C+15P+2x6P（28 stages）
Steam consumption: 3.646kg/kW.h
Heat consumption: 8997 kJ/kW.h
Height of last stage blade: 668mm
Critical rotating speed of rotor: first step elasticity second step elasticity
HP/IP rotor 2009r/min 5450r/min
LP rotor 1573r/min 4397r/min

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Total length of steam turbine: about 14946mm
Max. lifting weight: During installation (lower part of LP external casing) 51t
During overhaul (maintenance) (upper part of LP external casing) 29t
2.2 Schematic Diagram of Steam Turbine Flow Chart
F E
D D
C C
F E
H.P. L.P. L.P.
C A C
D B B D
Steam of superheater at the boiler outlet enters into thEH (Electric Hydraulic)igh
pressure main steam control valve and is sent into thEH (Electric Hydraulic)igh
pressure cylinder by four high pressure main steam pipelines respectively to act on
head flow. High pressure exhaust steam after action is led to middle of the low
pressure cylinder to conduct symmetrical forward and reverse flow action, with the
exhaust steam entering into the condenser. Regenerative cycle system of the unit is
equipped with two high pressurEH (Electric Hydraulic)eaters, four low pressurEH
(Electric Hydraulic)eaters (the types of thEH (Electric Hydraulic)igh and low
pressurEH (Electric Hydraulic)eaters are surface) and one deaerator (the type of
heating is mixed), with seven non-regulated turbine sections in total.
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3 Each Component of unit
3.1 Casing:
HP casing is single casing diaphragm structured, consisting of front and rear parts of
HP casing. Front part is molded by thEH (Electric Hydraulic)eat-resistant alloy
ZG20CrMoV, and the rear part is molded by the carbon-steel ZG230～450. These two
parts are connected through vertical flange by screw bolts. The front part adopts high
narrow flange, and canceling flangEH (Electric Hydraulic)eating device is good for the
quick startup and shutdown of unit.
LP casing adopts double-flow way, and bearing box is on the ground. This casing also
has two layers: outer casing is welded with steel plates and consists of three stages.
Inner casing is welded with steel plates and small castings. Inner casing is posited with
localization key, and two feet are placed on the supporting surface of inboard outer
casing. Outer casing is on the frame. Longitudinal keys are installed on the lower part
between outer casing and bearing pedestal. Corrugated pipe connects crossover
pipes of IP and LP casings to LP inner and outer casings, which meets the sealing and
free expanding requirements.
The unit consists of one single governing stage and 27 pressure stages.
Design of nozzle channel adopts advanced meridian plane contraction static blade
cascade theory, which could effectively decrease the second flow loss of static blade
cascade.
All diaphragms are welding form. Pressure stage of HP casing is 15 and its most
outstanding feature is thEH (Electric Hydraulic)igh efficiency of blade cascade and
high rigidity. The second and third stages are diffluence cascade structured， which
increases the strength and rigidity of diaphragm and decreases the steam flow loss in
blade cascade. And the diffluence blade cascade still adopts the traditional shroud
punching and welding structure. The fourth to eleventh diaphragms are straight blades,
and they use traditional blades. First, it is welded with shroud and then connected with
the external ring and body of diaphragm. The diaphragms of 12th to16th stages, LP
17th to 20th stages and 23rd -26th stages adopt rhombic welding structure with shroud,
for the blade is lean type which is processed by digital control machine tool, which
could ensure the satisfaction of complicate type line. For the blades of LP 21st-22nd,
27th-28th stages are much bigger, the structure that blades connecting with
diaphragms and external ring directly is adopted.
3.2 Rotor:
HP/IP and LP rotors are all integrally forged structure. Material of HP and LP rotor are
30Cr1Mo1V and 30Cr2Ni4MoV respectively.
HP rotor is connected to LP rotor by semi-flexible couplings. And LP rotor is connected
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to generator rotor by rigid couplings. Whole steam turbine is supported by four support
bearings. Three bearing boxes are all grounded, which is good for stability of bearing
in process of load distribution and increases rigidity of bearing at same time. Large
axial clearance and smaller radial clearance are used in process of design, which is to
raise adaptability of all working conditions during quick unit startup and decrease
steam leakage loss, and improve unit efficiency.
3.3 Bearings:
Rotor of steam turbine is supported by four support bearings. No.1 bearing is

thrust-support combination bearing, which is placed in the front bearing box. The
support part has spherical surface and can self-align and the thrust part is michell . It
has ten operating-pads and ten positioning-pads, which are in sector shape and they
can swing. Each operating-pad has WZPM2-001, Pt100 surface platinum thermal
resistance to measure bearing alloy temperature. No.2 and no.3 bearings are placed
in intermediate bearing box, which have WZPM2-001, Pt100 surface platinum thermal
resistance to measure bearing alloy temperature. No.4 bearing is placed in rear
bearing box which has WZPM2-001, Pt100 surface platinum thermal resistance to
measure bearing alloy temperature. There is an HP oil jacking hole on the lower pad of
each bearing to jack up rotor in the process of turning gear during startup and
shutdown. Front, intermediate and rear bearing boxes are all grounded and welded by
steel plate , and its material is Q235-A. spy glass is installed on the return-oil part of
rear bearing box, and it has a window for monitoring the oil flow. It also has
electric-contact bimetallic thermometer and WZP2-221 platinum thermal resistance
which could indicate oil temperature, remote alarm and control locally.
3.4 Turning Gear Device and Jack Pump System:
This turning gear device can be operated either automatically or manually. Its rotating
speed is 4.6 r /min; motor power is 7.5KW; voltage is 415V; motor protection level is
IP54, and temperature rising is level B.
During operation of turning gear device, motor drives the big gear on rotor of steam
turbine to rotate by reducer and driving gear, which would drive ST generator rotor.
Internal oil pipes are installed in turning gear device, and lubricating oil from lubricating
oil system is supplied to all the rotating parts to prevent dry friction. When oil pressure
of lubricating oil system decreases to a certain value, oil pressure drops and protection
device would act to cut off power of motor and stop turning gear.
Before the startup or shutdown of turbo-generator unit, jacking device should be put
into service at first to jack the rotor of turbo-generator to reduce the friction torque
between shaft journal and bearing, so as to put turning gear device into service without
any trouble.
Jacking device is composed of two axial plunger pumps (one is for operation; the other
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is for standby) driven by two AC motors, filter, throttle valve and header.
3.5 Sliding Pin system and Expansion Difference
This unit adopts double dead-points sliding pin system. One point is at the bottom of
intermediate casing and the other is on the LP steam inlet center line. Front and rear
HP casings have two cat claws respectively, which are supported on the front bearing
box and intermediate bearing box. Intermediate bearing box adopts traditional cat
claw- horizontal key; front bearing box adopts pull-rod structure.
3.6 Gland Seal
Gland seal at HP end and all HP diaphragms gland seal use serrate- type; gland seal
at LP end and all LP diaphragms gland seal use slating & flat tooth type. Larger axial
clearance and smaller radial clearance are adopted in design to decrease steam
leakage loss and raise unit efficiency.
Gland seal teeth between diaphragm and moving blade root uses radial gland seal.
Clearance of radial gland seal could be very small and usually it is 0.5mm. Meanwhile,
it also has larger axial clearance, which could meet the requirement of quick shutdown
and startup. Moving blade gland seal is three or four pieces to decrease steam
leakage loss.
3.7 Steam Distribution Way
There are four steam chambers in the front part of HP casing, which is combined with
casing by welding. Each chamber has a governing valve; four governing valves control
a set of nozzle separately. A control base of each governing valve controls its opening
degree. After live steam flows through main steam valve, four main steam pipes lead
steam to four HP governing valves, which will control the steam flow entering HP
casing. HP casing exhaust enters into LP casing through two connecting pipes above
the casing. The steam entering LP casing flows to front and back directions
symmetrically. After expanding and doing work in flow path, it is discharged into steam
exhaust device through LP casing diffuser pipes.
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4 Relative Introduction to Unit System
4.1 Regeneration System
Regeneration system uses two stages HP heater, one stage deaerator and four stages
LP heater to form seven stages regeneration system. The drain from each stagEH
(Electric Hydraulic)P heater flows to deaerator stage by stage, and the drain from LP
heater flows to condenser stage by stage. Regenerative extraction steam system
doesn’t consider domestic auxiliary steam consumption. Auxiliary steam comes from
main steam system. The design parameter of auxiliary steam is: 1.8Mpa, 209 .
HP casing has five- stage steam extraction, after stage-5, the extracted steam goes to
No.7 HP heater; after stage-8, the extracted steam goes to No.6 HP heater; after
stage-11, the extracted steam goes to deaerator; after stage-14, the extracted steam
goes to No.4 LP heater, and after stage-16, the extracted steam goes to No.3 LP
heater.
LP casing has two-stage steam extraction, and it goes to NO.2 LP heater after
stage-18 and stage-24; and after stage 20 and 26, the rest goes to NO.1 LP heater.
Steam extraction parameters of each stage during rated power
Flow Pressure Temperature Max. allowable flow

Extraction stages
kg/h MPa(a) ℃ kg/h
First stage(to NO.7

25.42 3.222 390.6 27.6
HP heater)
Second stage (to

33.98 1.8605 315.6 38.1
NO.6 HP heater)
Third stage (to

3.13 1.0077 247 10.2
deaerator)
Fourth stage (to

14.67 0.4568 170.4 15.8
NO.4 LP heater)
Fifth stage (to NO.3

10.33 0.2232 124.7 10.6
LP heater)
Sixth stage (to NO.2

20.55 0.0997 108.4 19.6
LP heater)
Seventh stage (to

8.81 0.0135 76.6 15.2
NO.1 LP heater)
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4.2 LP Casing Water Spray Device
In operation of steam turbine with low-load or no load, for blasts of last stages moving
blades are too big, and there is no enough steam to take thEH (Electric Hydraulic)eat
that produced by blasts away, the temperature of steam exhaust casing will rise,
generally it could be over 120 . Besides, in process of boiler ignition and accident
state of steam turbine generator, large amount of high temperature steam enters
steam exhaust casing, which makes temperature of steam exhaust casing increase
quickly.
Under the normal condition, temperature of steam exhaust casing is about 40 .

Rotating and static radial clearance of steam turbine should be kept in allowable scope.
When the temperature of steam exhaust casing rises, it may lead to unbalanced
heating to steam exhaust casing and distortion, and change the clearance; therefore,
cooling actions must be taken to it.
4.2.1 Cooling Method:
The unit adopts the method of spraying water for cooling to decrease the temperature
of steam exhaust casing. The water resource is from the condensate water of steam
turbine. When rotating speed of steam turbine reaches 600r/min or the temperature of
exhaust steam exceeds 80 , this method would be taken for cooling.
4.2.2 Water Spray Device Structure
The front and rear steam exhaust casings have three water spray pipes separately
(one in middle, two at both sides), water spray pipes are welded on the internal tendon
plate of steam exhaust casing. There are several holes opened on water spray pipes
toward the direction of steam exhaust zone. Three water spray pipes combine as one
DN50 pipe at the outside of steam exhaust casing, which is led out from a hole at the
throat part of condenser. And then two DN50 pipes of the front and rear steam exhaust
casings are combined to form a DN70 pipe which connects to a motor operated valve
for controlling water spraying. Condensate water will flow through a filter to remove
sundries in water before it enters into the motor operated valve; the bypass is set for
checking this valve.
4.2.3 Application Operation:
When the rotating speed of steam turbine reaches 600r/min or the temperature of
steam exhaust casing exceeds 80 , the water spray system of steam exhaust casing
will be put into operation automatically, and keep the operation until the unit carries
15% load as well as the exhaust steam temperature is lower than 80 . Water spray
pipes of LP casing are mainly controlled by the motor operated valves. When the unit
meets the requirement of water spraying condition, the control system will make the
motor operated valve open, and the cooling water from condensate pump will enter the
water spay pipes in water spray system of LP casing by motor operated valve and be
sprayed. When the unit meets the requirement that stop spraying condition, the control
system will make the motor operated valve close to stop spraying.
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Exhaust steam temperature in steam exhaust casing should not exceed 120 .
4.3 Drain Water System
Proper drain system is very important in the steam turbine devices. It keeps drainage
out of steam turbine part to avoid damage. It is one of the important measures that
guarantee safety of steam turbine startup and shutdown.
Damages are unavoidable once water enters into steam turbine. It may lead to the
damage of blade, shroud and thrust bearings, rotor bending, permanent distortion of
static parts, damage of gland seal teeth, and friction between the static and rotating
parts, etc.. The damage degree is decided by inlet water position, amount and duration
time, metal temperature of steam turbine, unit rotating speed or load, steam flow, the
relative position between static and rotating parts and handling methods of operator,
etc.
In order to avoid water entering accident to steam turbine and decrease the loss of
accident, the following ways are specially listed.
All the drain valves of steam turbine proper and other drain valves related to the safety
of steam turbine should act as follows:
a) From the unit shutdown to complete cooling of steam turbine, all these valves
should be opened;
b) Before steam turbine startup and sending steam to gland seal, all these valves
should be opened;
c) When the unit load rises to 10% of rated load, each drain valve of main steam
pipes and HP drain valve should be closed.
d) When unit load decreases to 10% of rated load, open main steam pipes and all
HP drain water valves.
Before opening all the drain valves, it should prevent the damage to vacuum except in
an emergency.
4.4 Lubricating Oil System
Lubricating oil system mainly includes oil tank, main oil pump, HP startup oil pump, AC
lubricating oil pump, jacking oil pump, DC emergency oil pump and two oil ejectors, etc.
Main oil tank is a horizontal cylinder composite one. HP startup oil pump, AC
lubricating oil pump, DC emergency oil pump and oil level indicator are all placed on
the cover plate of oil tank in which two oil ejectors are installed. Oil tank is welded by
Q235-A steel plate. In order to observe the oil level, there is an oil level indicator on the
oil tank, which has travel transmitter and remote transmitter to indicate oil level in local
and alarm at remote.
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The centrifugal main oil pump is installed in the front bearing box, and its flow is
2800L/min. It supplies all oil to turbine-generator unit during normal operation.
Four electric heaters are installed in oil tank. When the oil temperature in oil tank rises
or declines to the controlled values, temperature control device will control the startup
and shutdown of electric heater to keep oil temperature under the best working
condition. The setting value of temperature control device is 27 ～38 。
There is a manhole on the top of oil tank for convenience of repair and cleaning.
Besides, oil tank has oil and smoke inlets and outlets of oil cooler, oil purification
device, oil storage tank and the returned lubricating oil port. There are oil discharging
port and blow-down port at bottom of oil tank.
HP startup oil pump is screw pump which could meet the requirements of governing
system and lubricating oil consumption in process of unit startup.
AC lubricating oil pump and DC emergency oil pump are all centrifugal submersion
pumps which are vertically installed on the oil tank roof. AC lubricating oil pump is put
into service when unit starts up, shuts down or the lubricating oil pressure decreases to
0.07Mpa (g) to supply the lubricating oil to bearings
DC emergency oil pump starts up only when auxiliary AC power is cut off or the
lubricating oil pressure decreases to 0.05Mpa (g) which push the emergency button
and shut down.
There are two oil ejectors the first ejector is to supply oil to main oil pump inlet and
second ejector provides oil to the lubricating oil system.
Smoke exhaust system consists of smoke exhaust device (including dampers, an oil
smoke separator, vertical air fans and matched motors), valves and pipes. Two smoke
exhaust fans are installed on the operating platform, one is in service and the other is
in standby. During the operation, the opening degree of dampers could be adjusted to
form 100-200Pa vacuum in bearing pedestal and oil tank.
4.5 Bypass System Introduction and Technical Specification
a) Type choice of unit bypass system: the unit installs primary big bypass
(liquid-driven) system; the capacity is about 70% BMCR. This bypass system
consists of bypass valve, control valve and isolated valve for spraying water, and
other driven devices. The attemperating water resource of bypass for spraying is
condensate water;
b) The features of bypass system device could meet all the requirements under all
kinds of working conditions (including startup, normal operation, load rejection),
and quickly start up and shut down automatically or manually (remote control
operation).
c) Bypass valves adopts liquid-driven control; the opening and closing speed is
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divided into two stages: quick and slow. The whole action time of bypass valve
should not be more than 2 seconds.
4.6 Necessary Conditions for Heat Consumption Guarantee
1) N110-8.83/535 steam turbine steam consumption, heat consumption, feed water

temperature and other parameters are listed as follows:
Table 1
Main Heat
Generator Generator Steam Feed water
steam
Power efficiency consumption consumption temperature
flow
Units kW ％ t/h kg/kW.h kJ/kW.h .
Rated
condensate
110000 98.5 401.01 3.646 8997 233.2
working
condition
Max.
condensate
114960 98.5 420 3.658 8972 235.8
working
condition
2) Conditions of reaching the rated heat consumption value are as follows:
a) Live steam parameter is the rated value;
b) The rated back pressure of exhaust steam is 7.9Kpa, and its rated
temperature is 41.4 .
c) The drop speed of vacuum should not be over than 0.27kPa (2mmHg).
d) Steam turbine should work as the ruled thermal system.
e) The quantity of feed water through HP heater should be equal to the steam
consumption amount when steam turbine works under the same working
condition.
f) Generator efficiency should not be less than 98.5%.
g) Steam turbine should not be in operation over 6500 hours.
h) The flow channels of steam turbine should be intact without damage.
i) When each working parameter and rated parameter have the following
difference, steam turbine could also keep operation with rated power for a
long time: the exhaust steam back pressure is 7.9Kpa(a) and the rated
exhaust steam temperature is 41.4 .. When live steam pressure is 8.34Mpa
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（a）9.32 Mpa (absolute value) and its temperature is 525- 545 ., these two
could change at same time.
j) Live steam parameter should not be less than the rated values (8.83Mpa (a)
535 .), and the exhaust steam back pressure is 7.9Kpa (a); the rated
exhaust steam temperature is 41.4 ., and unit could operate with rated
power.
k) ThEH (Electric Hydraulic)ighest live steam parameters that steam turbine

could operate for a short while is 9.42Mpa（a） and 545 .; However, these
two limit values can not appear at same time. With any of the limit value, the
operating time should not exceed half an hour. Once it exceeds the value, the
turbine should be shut down at once. And the damage rate caused by the limit
parameter should be counted in the total damage of casing and rotor. Steam
turbine could not operate with limit values over 12h per year.
l) When the unit operates with about 80％-100％ load, the vacuum decreasing
speed of steam exhaust device should be less than 0.27kPa(2mmHg) per
minute after the vacuum pump entrance gate of the air extractor is closed.
m) Each level blade of steam turbine should be taken frequency modulation

treatment, which could take safe work within 48.5-50.5HZ for a long time.
4.7 Regulation and Security System
4.7.1 Oil Circuit System
Outlet oil pressure of the main oil pump is 1.13MPa. This high pressure oil goes into
two circuits after passing the outlet non-return valve: one leading to the regulation and
security system; the other supplying the oil lubricator. Low pressure security oil is
supplied by the main oil pump outlet and the EH (Electric Hydraulic) high pressure
security system is supplied by the EH (ELECTRIC HYDRAULIC) (Electric Hydraulic)
oil (high pressure fire resistant oil) system; high pressure control oil system is
separated from lubricating oil. The oil lubricator is a two-level parallel one; the outlet oil
pressure of the first level is 0.05MPa, which is used for oil inlet of the main oil pump;
the outlet oil pressure of the second level is 0.2MPa, which passes the oil filter and oil
cooler and is used for lubricating each bearing of the unit. When the lubrication
pressure is greater than 0.15MPa, lubricating oil over pressure valve will open
automatically, spill excess oil back to the oil tank, so as to maintain the lubrication
pressure between 0.0785MPa and 0.147MPa.
Low pressure security system consists of emergency governor, emergency trip pilot
valve, manual intercepting valve, emergency governor test valve set, and reset
intercepting valve set. Low pressure security system can realize latching and
intercepting, and the intercepting function has three redundant intercepting manners:
electrical, mechanical and manual;
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High pressure security part includes two systems, i.e. ETS (emergency trip system)
and OPC (overspeed protection system). Both OPC and AST systems have the
function of intercepting steam turbine in emergency, but operate in different manners.
OPC system just closes the regulating steam valve and does not trip, which can be
reopened after the DEH (ELECTRIC HYDRAULIC) identification system is normal,
while shut down occurs because all the valves of steam inlet valves are closed when
AST acts;
Oil leading to the security system enters into the emergency intercepting and reset
equipment, which produces safe oil and reset oil (in case of local hand reset) to control
reset of security assembly; supply the reset solenoid valve with pressure oil to enable
it to produce reset oil when acting to control reset of security system; supply oil
injection test unit with pressure oil, which produces test oil first during oil injection test
to make emergency governor act and then produces reset oil to make emergency
intercepting throttle reset; it enters into the emergency intercepting throttle and
produces indication oil when intercepting to control the overspeed indicator action; it
serves as power oil of main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor
and high pressure control valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor to control
movement of the oil cylinder piston; it serves as oil source to provide pressure oil for
the main throttle valve hydraulic converter to produce pilot oil pressure for controlling
the main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor; it serves as oil
source to provide the three channel servo controller with pressure oil to produce pilot
oil pressure for controlling the EH (Electric Hydraulic) high pressure EH (Electric
Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor and the steam extraction hydraulic servomotor as well
as OPC oil pressure for controlling fast closing of the EH (Electric Hydraulic) high
pressure EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor and the steam extraction
hydraulic servomotor.
Oil system is provided with high pressure AC oil pump for startup, which is used during
the unit static test, startup and shut down; when outlet oil pressure of the main oil
pump is greater than the system oil pressure, the main oil pump will begin to supply oil,
and the EH (Electric Hydraulic) high pressure AC electric oil pump may stop oil supply.
When the pressure is less than 0.883 MPa, the EH (Electric Hydraulic)high pressure
AC electric oil pump will start automatically through the interlock loop, so as to
maintain normal system working oil pressure. In addition, it is equipped with low
pressure AC oil pump and low pressure DC oil pump. When the lubrication system oil
pressure decreases, they will be automatically put into operation respectively.
There is an adapter on the oil tank, which produces little negative pressure in the oil
tank (ventilation pump pressure rises 250mm water column) and ejects oil fume from
the oil tank.
Generally, turbine oil used for the steam turbine shall be (shell turbo 32) ; in case inlet
temperature of the cooling water is 20 .,and (shell turbo 22) if the cooling water
temperature under 20 . if the cooling water temperature greater than 20 (shell turbo
46) can be used.
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4.7.2 Hydraulic Security System
In case abnormal situations occur during the unit operation, the security system will be
able to shut down the unit quickly, so as to ensure the unit safety. The unit security
system consists of hydraulic security assembly (emergency governor, emergency
intercepting throttle, emergency trip and reset equipment and shutdown magnetic
break throttle, etc.) and TSI (Turbine Supervisory Information System) emergency trip
control cabinet of the steam turbine monitoring instrument. The whole EH (Electric
Hydraulic) Hydraulic security system takes safe oil ((AST oil) (Automatic Shutdown
Trip oil ) )as the main part, handling and release of which is controlled by the EH
(Electric Hydraulic)hydraulic security assembly, and release of which can fast shut
down the main throttle valve, control valve and steam extraction hydraulic servomotor,
cut off steam admission to steam turbine and allow forced emergency shutdown. Safe
oil pressure is about 1.0-1.1MPa during normal operation and will be released to less
than 0.1MPa in case of shutdown and tripping.
For steam turbine out of service, safe oil pressure will be established again to open the
main throttle valve and regulating air valve and put the steam turbine into operation
again.
The safe oil pressure reestablishment process is referred to as reset, during which
energization of the reset solenoid valve installed at the right side of the front bearing
seat may be controlled or the reset handle of “emergency trip and reset equipment”
may be pulled out from the front bearing seat to produce reset oil pressure and reset
hydraulic security assembly (emergency intercepting throttle or emergency trip and
reset equipment) after intercepting, so as to establish normal safe oil pressure.
Emergency intercepting throttle, shutdown solenoid valve as well as emergency trip

and reset equipment controls safe oil releasing port respectively, and any assembly
action may release safe oil and cause the unit to shut down.
In case the unit overspeeds by 110-112%, ring type emergency governor will knock
out, which makes the emergency intercepting throttle drag hook trip and the throttle
piston move up, and opens the safe oil discharging port to release safe oil.
On the steam turbine site, lead arm of the front bearing seat beats the tripping handle
of “emergency trip and reset equipment” to open the safe oil discharging port to
release safe oil.
The shutdown solenoid valve which controls safe oil acts and the throttle piston moves
up to open the safe oil discharging port to release safe oil at the same time.
While releasing safe oil, auxiliary piston in the “emergency trip and reset equipment”,
under the action of spring force, will cut off safe oil source and maintain the auxiliary
piston at this position. Only reset oil can make the auxiliary piston away from such
tripping position and provide safe oil source for the safe oil circuit again.
16
In fact, action of the shutdown solenoid valve is monitored by the emergency trip
control cabinet ETS, and the ETS control cabinet will send out action shutdown
solenoid valve signal when the parameters exceed the limits.
4.7.3 Emergency Trip Protection (ETS) Control Cabinet:
ETS control cabinet completes the reset and emergency shutdown functions of the
steam turbine security system. ETS control cabinet controls one reset solenoid valve
and two shutdown solenoid valves by way of discrete output.
When the reset solenoid valve acts, the reset oil produced will reset the auxiliary
throttle piston of the emergency intercepting throttle and the “emergency trip and reset
equipment” to restore safe oil supply source of the security system and establish safe
oil, so as to make it reach a normal pressure of 1.0-1.1MPa.
When the solenoid valve is shut down after ETS control cabinet sends out signal, two
shutdown solenoid valves will act simultaneously to open the safe oil discharging port
to release safe oil to less than 0.1MPa, and the main throttle valve, control valve and
steam extraction hydraulic servomotor will be closed quickly to realize emergency
shutdown.
4.7.4 Working Principle of Regulating System
Hydraulic regulating system includes the main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic)
hydraulic converter, main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor,
three-channel servo controller, high pressure control valve and steam extraction
hydraulic servomotor.
Electric control device DEH (Digital Electra-hydraulic) outputs four-channel electrical

signal to control the main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic converter and
three-channel servo control loop respectively and convert it into corresponding oil
pressure to serve as driving signal of the corresponding hydraulic servomotor.
Take the stroke of the main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor
as its feedback signal, and thus form the valve position servo control loop. When
opening of the main throttle valve requires change by the output signal instructed by
the electric control device valve position, output oil pressure of the main throttle valve
EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic converter will vary with the electric control device
output signal, thus opening of the main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic
servomotor will change accordingly. Such opening change is converted into electrical
signal by the stroke sensor of the main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic
servomotor and fed back to the loop electric control device, so as to offset the electric
control device output electrical signal until it is steady. Therefore, each electric control
device output must correspond to one main throttle valve opening.
Imported directly driven servo valve is used to control the EH (Electric Hydraulic) high
pressure control valve EH(Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor and steam
extraction three-channel servo controller, which, together with servo card in the
electric control device, hydraulic servomotor and hydraulic servomotor displacement
17
transducer ((LVDT)(Linear Variable Differential Transducer), constitutes the electro
hydraulic servo hydraulic servomotor. Compared with the EH (Electric Hydraulic)
hydraulic servomotor opening signal converted by the displacement transducer on the
servo card, deviation signal of the valve instruction signal output by DEH (Digital
Electro- hydraulic) controls the directly driven servo valve after being amplified and
drives the EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor piston through the pilot oil
valve to maintain the EH (Electric Hydraulic) hydraulic servomotor opening at
corresponding position required by DEH (ELECTRIC HYDRAULIC) valve position
instruction.
Hydraulic servomotors controlling the main throttle valve, the control valve and the
rotary abutment respectively are also affected by the security system; when releasing
the safe oil (AST oil) pressure of the security system, the main throttle valve, the
control valve and the rotary abutment will all be closed quickly. Such function of the
main throttle valve EH (Electric Hydraulic)hydraulic servomotor is realized in its
hydraulic converter, and that of the control valve EH (Electric Hydraulic)hydraulic
servomotor and the steam extraction hydraulic servomotor is realized by the plug-in
hydraulic control unloading valve (or the cartridge valve) of the three-channel servo
controller. The principle for realizing such function is the same, i.e., pilot oil pressure of
the control hydraulic servomotor will be minimized with the releasing of safe oil
pressure. There is one difference: the EH (Electric Hydraulic)hydraulic servomotor of
the main throttle valve is controlled by AST oil pressure, while control valve and steam
extraction hydraulic servomotors are controlled by OPC(Over-speed Protection
Control) oil pressure; when releasing AST or OPC oil pressure, the corresponding
valves will be closed quickly.
AST solenoid valve controls the release of AST oil pressure, while OPC solenoid valve
controls that of OPC oil circuit. This system has two shutdown magnetic break throttles
serving as AST solenoid which adopt parallel connection as the two OPC solenoid
valves, thus, when any one of the two solenoid valves acts, the corresponding
hydraulic servomotor may release to control fast closing of the corresponding valve.
Check valve is provided between the controlled AST oil or safe oil and OPC, through
which OPC is also released when releasing AST oil circuit; while releasing OPC oil
circuit, AST will not be released due to the action of check valve. Therefore, when AST
solenoid valve acts, all the valves will be caused to be closed quickly, while only the
EH (Electric Hydraulic) high pressure and steam extraction hydraulic servomotors will
be closed quickly in case of OPC solenoid valve action.
OPC solenoid valve action is controlled by OPC signal sent out by the electric control
device. OPC signal is the overspeed protection control signal of the electric control
device, which will close the control valve instantaneously in case master switch of the
steam turbine motor is disconnected with the network, and in case of steam turbine
load shedding or the steam turbine overspeeds by 103%, so as to avoid serious
overspeed of the steam turbine; the EH (Electric Hydraulic) high pressure control valve
will open to control the speed when it restores to 3000 r/min.
18
Detection AST oil pressure EH (Electric Hydraulic) as three pressure switches; the
pressure switch will act when releasing AST oil pressure, and the signal will be sent to
DEH (ELECTRIC HYDRAULIC) controller as the quantity of state for judging whether
the steam turbine is shut down or not.
19
OM0401
Appendix 1:
43A.000.1JT-(B) steam turbine technical
terms for delivery & acceptance from
HTC
N110-8.83/535 型汽轮机
N110-8.83/535 Steam Turbine
汽轮机交货验收技术条件
Technical Terms for Delivery & Acceptance
43A·000·1JT(B)-3
中华人民共和国
People’s Republic of China
哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司
Harbin Turbine Co. Ltd.
2008
N110-8.83/535 型汽轮机
N110-8.83/535 Steam Turbine
汽轮机交货验收技术条件
Technical Terms for Delivery & Acceptance
43A·000·1JT(B)-3
编制
高杰
Made by
校对
罗铭聪
Checked by
审核
赵轶飞
Reviewed by
标准检查
赵轶飞
Standard CHK
审定
谢永乐
Approved by
2008 年 2 月
Feb 2008
This paper serves as the base for the manufacturer and buyer to inspect and accept the
whole set equipment, spare parts, drawings and technical documents for N110-8.83/535
steam turbine.
1. Main Technical Specification

1.1 Model No.: N110-8.83/535
High-temp, HP, impulse, double-casing, double-exhaust, condensing turbine
1.2 Rated Power: 110MW
1.3 Rated Speed: 3000 r/min
1.4 Running Direction: Clockwise (see from turbine head to generator)
1.5 Working Grid Frequency: 50Hz
1.6 Rated Steam Admission: 401.01t/h
1.7 Max. Steam Admission: 420 t/h
1.8 Max. Power: 114.96 MW
1.9 Fresh Steam Pressure: 8.83MPa
1.10 Fresh Temp: 535 ℃
1.11 Rated Back Pressure: 7.9KPa
1.12 Stage Number: 1C+15P+2x6P （28）
1.13 Steam Consumption: 3.646kg/kW.h
1.14 Heat Rate: 8997 kJ/kW.h
1.15 Last Blade Height: 668mm
1.16 Rotor Critical Speed: Elastic Stage I Elastic Stage II
HP & IP Rotor: 2009 5450
LP Rotor: 1573 4397
1.17 Turbine Length Total: 14946mm (about)
1.18 Max. Hoisting Weight:
Assemble (LP Outer Casing Lower): 51t
Repair (LP Outer Casing Upper): 29t
1.19 For thermodynamic system of steam turbine, see Fig.1.
There are 7 stages of non-regulating extraction for heating feedwater and deaerator.
Fig.1 Sketch of Thermodynamic System (in principle)
2. Structure, Performance and Technical Data

2.1 Steam Turbine Proper
2.1.1 N110-8.83/535 steam turbine is high pressure, double-casing, tandem compound，
condensing turbine，which drives a generator directly through a rigid coupling.
2.1.2 Advanced acoustic treatment is adopted in the turbine cover, which is in combined
and fully covered structure. It is featured by beautiful shape, reasonable structure,
easy assembly, convenient repair, excellent sound insulation, and etc.
Turbine proper is equipped with attemperators at all places where wall temp is
higher than 100℃, to reduce thermal loss, improve ambient temp and ensure the
unit in safe operation.
2.1.3 HP casing has a structure of single shell and diaphragm carrier, and consists of
1
front and rear sections. The former is cast from heat-resistant alloy ZG20CrMoV
and the later from carbon steel ZG230～450. The two sections are connected by
bolts through vertical flanges. High-narrow flanges are adopted in the front section,
and flange heating device is canceled, which may help the unit start or stop
rapidly.
LP casing is of double-flow and double-shell structure and bearing boxes are
located on floor. Outer casing consists of three sections welded from steel plates
and inner casing is made from small castings and welded steel plates. Inner
casing is positioned through keys and its two feet are put on the support plane
inside the outer casing. And the outer casing is supported on frame. Vertical keys
are arranged between the outer casing and bearing seat. IP and LP casings are
connected through interconnecting pipe, and LP inner and outer casings through
corrugated pipe, which can meet requirement of seal and free expansion.
Dead-point anchoring system is adopted in the unit. One dead point is located in
the bottom of middle box, and the other in LP admission centerline. Two paws are
arranged before and two after HP casing, supporting on the front and middle
bearing box respectively. The middle bearing box is in paw-transverse key
structure and the front bearing box in push-pull rod structure.
2.1.4 4 steam chambers are arranged in the front of HP casing and welded to casings
as an entire body. A control valve is provided in each steam chamber, which
controls a group of nozzles. Openness of each control valve is regulated by an
operating seat. After passing MSV (Main Stop Valve), fresh steam is introduced
into 4 HP control valves by 4 main steam pipes respectively. The steam flow
entering into HP casing is controlled by the control valves. HP exhaust enters into
LP casing through 2 interconnecting pipes on the casing. After entering LP casing,
steam flows forward and backward symmetrically, and expands in the flow path,
then discharge into condenser through diffusing pipes of LP casing.
HP, IP & LP rotors are of integral forging structure. Material for HP rotor is
30Cr1Mo1V and material for LP rotor is 30Cr2Ni4MoV.
HP rotor and LP rotor is connected through a semi-flexible coupling, and LP rotor
and generator is connected through a rigid coupling. The entire turbine is
supported at four points. Three bearing boxes are floor type, which can improve
stability of bearings in load distribution and increase rigidity of bearings. Larger
axial clearance and smaller radial clearance are applied for the design of unit, to
adapt to variable conditions, reduce steam leakage and improve efficiency of unit.
2.1.5 The unit is composed of 1 control stage and 27 pressure stages.
The theory of meridian plane shrinkage is adopted in designing nozzle flow path,
through which secondary flow loss of cascade can be decreased effectively.
All the diaphragms are in welded form. HP casing has 15 pressure stages that are
featured by high-efficient cascade and rigid profile. The diaphragms 2~3 stages
adopt split blade cascades, to improve strength and rigidity, and reduce steam
flow loss in cascades. The split blade cascades still adopt the traditional punching
and welding structure. The diaphragms 4～11 stages adopt straight blade of
advanced structure. That means the stationary blade is welded to shroud group
2
first and welded to outer ring of diaphragm and diaphragm body then. The
diaphragms 12～16 stages and LP 17～20, 23～26 stages are of welded structure
and adopt the bow blades which are machined by NC machine tool to meet the
requirement of complex profile. The diaphragms 21～22, 27～28stages adopt
more longer blades, so the blade is directly welded with diaphragm body and outer
ring due to smaller pressure difference.
2.1.6 Steam Gland
Comb-type gland is adopted in the HP end and all the HP diaphragms, and
tilted-flat teeth gland is used in the LP end and diaphragms. Bigger axial clearance
and smaller radial clearance is adopted in design, to reduce leakage loss and
improve turbine efficiency.
Radial gland is used between diaphragms and roots of moving blades. The
clearance of radial gland is very small (usually 0.5mm) and allows bigger axial
clearance at same time, to meet the requirement of rapid start-stop for the unit.
The blade tip gland is 3-4 teeth to reduce to reduce leakage loss.
2.1.7 Recuperative System
HP casing has five steam extraction sections, among which the steam extracted
after the 5th stage is fed to JG7, that after the 8th stage to JG6, after 11th stage to
CY, after 14th stage to JD4 and after 16th stage to JD3.
LP casing has two steam extraction sections, among which the steam extracted
after 18th and 24th stage is fed to JD2 and those extracted after the 20th and 26th
stages to JD1.
2.1.8 The LP exhaust hood is provided with a water spray and cooling device to lower
the exhaust steam temperature at a low load or no load. When the exhaust steam
temperature is higher than 80 ℃, begin to spray water and lower than 60 ℃, stop
spraying water.
2.2 Oil System
2.2.1 The steam turbine rotor is supported by four journal bearings, among which 1#
bearing is a thrust-support combined bearing, installed in the front bearing box
with its supporting portion having a spherical surface and being aligned by itself
and its thrust portion being of Mitchell type. The working pads and location pads
total 10 pieces respectively. The pads assume circular sectors and are tiltable.
Each working pad is installed with WZPM2-001 and Pt100 type surface Pt thermal
resistance to measure the bearing alloy temperature. 2# and 3# bearing are
installed in the intermediate bearing box and equipped with WZPM2-001 and
Pt100 type surface Pt thermal resistance to measure the bearing alloy
temperature. 4# bearing is installed in the rear bearing box and equipped with
WZPM2-001 and Pt100 type surface Pt thermal resistance to measure the bearing
alloy temperature. Jacking oil holes are drilled on the lower half pad of each
bearing to jack up the rotor when turning the steam turbine during the time period
of start-up and shutdown. The front, intermediate and rear bearings are of
falling-to-the-ground steel plate welded structure type with the steel plate material
being Q235-A. A watch pipe is installed at the oil return port of on the rear bearing
box with an inspection window being opened to directly observe the oil flow. On
3
the watch pipe, a electronic contact bimetallic thermometer and WZP2-221 Pt
thermal resistance are provided to locally display the oil temperature and send out
a signal to a remote place for alarm and control.
2.2.2 The turning gear, a low speed one, is installed on the cover of the rear bearing box.
It can double as an electrical turning gear and manual one and can be put into
operation both manually and automatically.
2.2.3 The main oil pump is a centrifugal one, installed in the front bearing pedestal and
driven by the main shaft of the steam turbine through a gear coupling. When the
steam turbine is in normal operation, the main oil pump shall supply oil for both
safeguard in the control system and two sets of oil ejector.
2.2.4 The oil supply device involves an oil reservoir, main oil pump, HP start-up oil pump,
AC lubrication oil pump, DC emergency oil pump and two sets of oil ejector etc.
The main oil reservoir is a horizontal cylindrical combined one and HP start-up oil
pump, AC lubrication oil pump, DC emergency oil pump and oil level indicator etc.
are installed on the cover of the oil reservoir. Two sets of oil ejector are hanged
inside the oil reservoir. The latter is made from Q235-A steel plates through rolling
and welding. With a view to observing the oil level, an oil indicator is installed on
the oil reservoir with a traveling transmitter and remote signal transmission emitter
serving as a local oil indicator and remote alarm.
Four electric heaters are installed in the oil reservoir. When the oil temperature in
the oil reservoir rises or lowers to the control value, the temperature controller
takes control over start-up and shutdown of the electric heaters to maintain the oil
temperature in the oil reservoir at its optimum working state. The setting value of
the temperature controller is in a range of 27 ℃～38 ℃.
A manhole is provided on the top of the oil reservoir for maintenance or cleaning.
In addition, the oil inlets and outlets for oil coolers, oil purifiers and oil storage tank
as well as a smoke discharging port and lubrication oil return connection port are
provided on the oil reservoir. Such connection ports as for emergency oil
discharging and blowdown etc. are provided also at the bottom of the oil reservoir.
The HP start-up oil pump is a screw pump, which meet the oil requirement of the
control system during start-up of the steam turbine.
The AC lubrication oil pump and DC emergency oil pump are all of centrifugal
submerged type and vertically installed on the cover plate of the oil reservoir. The
AC lubrication oil pump shall be put into operation to supply oil for bearings during
the time period of start-up and shutdown of the steam turbine and when the
lubrication oil pressure lowers to 0.07Mpa (g).
The DC emergency oil pump shall be used only at a loss of the plant service AC
power or when the lubrication oil pressure lowers to 0.05Mpa (g) during operation
to trigger the tripping device and shut down the steam turbine.
There exist two oil ejectors in the oil system, among which 1# oil ejector supplies
oil for the main oil pump and 2# oil ejector supplies oil for the lubrication oil
system.
2.2.5 The gas discharging system is composed of a vapor exhaust device (including an
air damper, oil-gas separator, vertical fan and necessary motors), valves and
4
pipings. Two sets of vapor exhaust fan are installed on the operation platform, one
in operation and another one serves as a stand-by. During operation, the opening
of the air damper can be adjusted to attain a vacuity of 100-200 Pa in the bearing
pedestal and oil reservoir.
2.2.6 Shaft raising gear
Prior to the start-up and shutdown of the turbo-generator unit, the shaft raising
gear shall be first put into use to jack up the rotor of turbo-generator unit to
minimize the friction moment between the journal and bearings and make it easy
to put the turning gear into operation. The shaft raising gear is composed of an oil
supply device and adjustment device etc. Two sets of oil supply device, one is in
operation and another one serves as a stand-by. The height raised by the shaft
raising system is in a range of 0.04～0.06mm.
2.2.7 The present oil system shall use Shell brand Shell Turuo 46# turbine oil. The oil
pressure at the inlet of bearings shall be 0.098±0.0196Mpa (a).
2.3 Control System
The control and protection system uses a HP (14.0 Mpa) fire-resistant oil (EH) pure
electric control system. The mechanical emergency trip system employs a 1.96 Mpa
turbine oil system. The digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH) adopts a
computer-based control system.
2.3.1 Performance of control system:
2.3.1.1 Rotating speed control range: 0-3500 rpm , precision: ±1 rpm。
2.3.1.2 Load control range: 0-115% rated load, load control precision: 0.5%
2.3.1.3 Rotating speed droop: 3-6% adjustable
2.3.1.4 The system dead band:<0.6%。
2.3.1.5 When the steam turbine rejects its load at rated load operating condition, Max.
rotating speed of the steam turbine shall be less than 107% of the rated speed.
2.3.1.6 At rated parameters and rotating speed, when the steam turbine rejects its load,
the control system can keep the steam turbine in an idle running.
2.3.2 Protection system
2.3.2.1 Mechanical over-speed protection
When the steam turbine is rotating at a speed exceeding 10-12% of the rated
speed (3300-3360 rpm), the mechanical emergency governing device will take
action and the impinger will fly out to make the emergency governing device pilot
valve fall to the lower supporting point, discharge the pressure oil in the
emergency trip system, open the diaphragm valve, relieve the AST oil pressure
in the EH oil system, cause the main steam stop valve and regulating valves to
quickly close and the steam turbine to shut down.
2.3.2.2 Electric over-speed protection
When the rotating speed of the steam turbine exceeds the rated speed by 9%,
the AST solenoid valves in the digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH) will
take action to relieve the oil pressure in the AST mainline, causing the main
steam stop valve and regulating valves to quickly close and also the steam
turbine to shut down.
2.3.2.3 Overspeed limit and protection
5
When the steam turbine sheds its load and is rotating at a speed exceeding
103% of the rated speed, the OPC solenoid valve in the DEH control system will
take action to relieve the oil pressure in the OPC mainline and close the HP
regulating valve. When the steam turbine lowers its rotating speed to around
3000 rpm, the regulating valve will be reopened and the digital electro-hydraulic
control system will keep the steam turbine in an idle running.
2.3.3 Operation and control mechanism
2.3.3.1 HP and IP main steam stop valve automatic closing device is controlled by DEH
through a solenoid valve.
2.3.3.2 The openings of four HP regulating valve servo-motors and two IP regulating
valve servo-motors are controlled by DEH through an electro-hydraulic servo
valve under various operating conditions, including start the steam turbine from
rest by admitting a certain amount of steam, raise speed, connect to an electric
grid and increase or decrease the load etc.
2.3.3.3 A local shutdown button is provided inside the safety control box installed in the
front bearing box so that one can press the button and shut down the steam
turbine.
2.3.3.4 HP and IP automatic closing device active test can be conducted by using the
DEH active control solenoid valve.
3. Conditions Guaranteed and Technical Requirements

3.1 N110-8.83/535 type steam turbine steam rate, heat rate and feedwater temperature
etc. parameters can be given as follows:
Generator Generator Main steam Steam Heat Feedwater

power efficiency flow rate rate rate temp
kW ％ t/h kg/kW.h kJ/kW.h ℃

Rated condensing
110000 98.5 401.01 3.646 8997 233.2
condition
Max. condensing
114960 98.5 420 3.658 8972 235.8
condition
The conditions for attaining the rated heat consumption value are given as follows:
3.1.1 Fresh steam parameters shall be rated values;
3.1.2 Rated exhaust back pressure 7.9Kpa and rated exhaust temperature 41.4 ℃
3.1.3 Vacuum descending speed not greater than 0.27 kPa (2mmHg) per minute
3.1.4 The steam turbine is operating under a thermal system as stipulated
3.1.5 The feedwater flow rate passing through HP heaters is equal to the steam
consumption by the steam turbine at the operating condition
3.1.6 The generator efficiency is not less than 98.5％
3.1.7 The steam turbine has been put into operation for less than 6500 hours
3.1.8 The flow path of the steam turbine is intact and not damaged
3.2 When the following deviations exist between the working parameters and rated
parameters, the steam turbine shall be capable of operating for a long time period at
6
the rated power: exhaust steam back pressure 7.9 Kpa(a), rated exhaust steam
temperature 41.4 ℃, fresh steam pressure 8.34 Mpa（a）-9.32 Mpa (a), fresh steam
temperature 525-540 ℃, both of which can change simultaneously.
3.3 Fresh steam parameters shall not be below the rated values（8.83Mpa (a), 535℃）,
the exhaust steam back pressure 7.9Kpa (a), rated exhaust steam temperature
41.4℃. The steam turbine unit can keep operating at the rated power.
3.4 The maximum fresh steam parameters, under which the steam turbine is allowed for
a short time operation, shall be 9.42 Mpa（a）and 545 ℃. However, both limit values
are not permitted to appear simultaneously. Under either limit value, it is allowed for
the steam turbine to operate continuously less than half an hour. If operating longer
than half an hour, the steam turbine shall be shut down immediately and the damage
rate caused by the limit parameters is counted into the total damage rate of the
cylinders and rotors. The operation duration of a steam turbine under the limit
parameters shall not be in excess of 12 hours in a year.
3.5 For the air-tightness of the vacuum system, when the steam turbine is operating at 80
％-100％ rated load and after the air ejector has been shut off, the vacuum in the
exhaust device shall drop not exceeding 0.27 kPa (2mmHg) per minute.
3.6 The blades in various stages of the steam turbine shall be subjected to a frequency
regulation treatment and capable of a long time safe operation within a range of
48.5-50.5HZ.
4. Mark, Package, Storage and Transport

4.1 A nameplate shall be installed at a conspicuous location on the enclosure of the
steam turbine, indicating the name of the manufacturer, product model, main
technical specifications and ex-works date.
4.2 The operation parts and indication parts shall have their obvious and easily-identified
indication marks.
4.3 The various parts and components of the steam turbine shall be painted and
packaged in compliance with relevant technical conditions of the present works.
4.4 The general packing list shall be placed in a specially-made document case of the
first box. Each equipment box or piece shall have a document case in which a
packing list is placed for acceptance. The drawings and certificates etc. technical
materials shall be directly submitted to the representative of the user.
4.5 Counted beginning from the ex-works date of the steam turbine, the quality warranty
period of the oil seals for parts and components of the steam turbine shall be 12
months after the package. In such a time period, the boxes during the transportation
and storage shall not be damaged accidentally, such as collision, impingement and
waterlogging etc.
4.6 On the way of transportation, the boxes shall not be moved freely and collided with
each other and it is forbidden to put a big box on a small one.
4.7 When the packaging boxes are loaded or unloaded by man-powers, it is not permitted
to turn round the boxes or lever the box plates with a underreach but permitted to
lever the sliding logs and forbidden to push or pull the boxes directly from a high
location to a low one.
7
5. Scope of Supply
5.1 List of equipment supplied in complete sets
5.1.1 Turbine proper

Table 2
No. Code Designation Q’ty Remarks
1 43A·011Z-3 GA of HP Casing 1
2 43A·012Z-3 HP Casing Front 1
3 K06·013Z HP Casing Rear 1
4 43A·020Z-3 LP Inner Casing 1
5 139·024Z-7 LP Outer Casing 1

6 43A·027Z-3 Attemperator 1
7 43A·036Z-3 GA of Diaphragm Carrier 1
8 G42·037Z Diaphragm Carrier No.1 1
9 G03·038Z-6a Diaphragm Carrier No.2 1
13 G18·044Z Shunting Ring 1
14 G42·066Z HP Front Gland 1
15 G03·067Z-6a HP Rear Gland 1

16 K05·069Z LP Rear Gland 2
17 43A·081Z-3 HP Main Steam Pipe 1
18 43A·082Z Bracket for Hoisting HP Main 1
Steam Pipe
19 K06·091Z HP-LP Interconnecting Pipe 2
20 G03·096Z-6a Nozzle group 1
21 G03·100Z-6a GA of HP Diaphragm 1
22 43A·101Z-3 GA of LP Diaphragm 1
23 43A·102Z-3 Diaphragm (Stage No.2) 1

8
33 G03·112Z-3 Diaphragm (Stage No.12) 1
38 K07·119Z-1 Diaphragm (Stage No.19) 1 For Stage No.17
44 K07·124Z-1 Diaphragm (Stage No.24) 1 For Stage No.23
50 43A·150Z-3 Turbine Nameplate 1
51 43A·151Z-3 Turbine Cover 1
52 43A·276Z-3 GA of HP Rotor 1
56 43A·278Z-3 GA of LP Rotor 1
53 K05·287Z Coupling (HP-LP Rotor) 1
54 43A·301Z Main Stop Valve (φ320) 1
55 43A·305Z HP Valve Frame 1
56 43A·311Z Control Valve (φ125) 4
57 43A·501Z-3 Gland Extraction & 1
Drain Pipe
58 43A·504Z-3 LP Casing Sprayer 1
59 43A·640Z-3 Spare Parts 1
（Turbine Proper）
9
5.1.2 Oil System
Table 3
1 43A·051Z-3 Thrust & Support Bearing (φ300) 1
2 43A·052Z-3 Support Bearing (φ325) 2
3 K03·058Z Support Bearing (φ360) 1
4 43A·061Z-3 Front Bearing Box 1
5 43A·062Z-3 Middle Bearing Box 1

6 K05·063Z Rear Bearing Box 1
7 43A·161Z-3 Foundation Bolt 1
8 43A·162Z-3 Base Frame 1
9 43A·178Z-3 Turning Gear 1
10 136·401Z Main Oil Pump 1
11 110·405Z Teeth Coupling of MOP 1
12 139·407 Z Oil Ejector 1
13 74·408Z Oil Overflow Valve 1
14 43A·411Z-3 Fume Discharger 1
15 136·420Z Oil Tank 1
16 136·421Z Assembly Drw of Oil Tank 1
Attachment
17 136·425Z Pipeline inside Oil Tank 1
18 139·427Z Oil Level Indicator 1
19 43A·428Z-3 Heater & Attemperator for Oil Tank 1
20 43A·450Z-3 HP Startup Oil Pump 1
21 43A·451Z-3 AC Lub Oil Pump 1
22 43A·452Z-3 DC Emergency Oil Pump 1
23 43A·458Z-3 Emergency Oil Releasing Valve 1
24 139.470Z Lub Oil Filter 1
25 43A·550Z-3 Oil Pipeline 1
26 K05·552Z Oil Pipeline in Front Bearing Box 1
27 43A·553Z-3 Shaft Jacking Device 1
28 43A·641Z-3 General Drw of Spare Parts for 1
Oil System
29 43A·671Z-3 Summary of Temp Elements for 1
Bearing and Bearing Box
30 135·672Z-1 Auxiliary Material for Oil System to 1
be Delivered with Machine
31 43A.905Z-3 Turbine Block 1
10
5.1.3 Control System
Table 4
1 43A.302Z-3 HP Auto-closer 1
2 K05.318Z HP CV Seat 4
3 73B.320Z-1 Servo Valve 4
4 43A.328Z-3 EH Oil Pipeline & Attachment 1
5 136.330Z EH Oil Supplying Device 1
6 43A.331Z Oil Motor for HP MSV 1
7 135.324Z Tripping Components 1
8 43A.357Z-1 Oil Motor for HP CV（L） 2
9 43A.357Z-2 Oil Motor for HP CV（R） 2
10 139.376Z-1 Emergency Governor 1
11 136.377Z Emergency Governor Lever 1
12 79.378Z Slide Valve for Emergency Governor 1
13 135.379Z Operating Box for Protection System 1
Self-start Testing Device for Lub Oil

14 43A.426Z 2
Pump
15 43A.643Z-3 Spare Parts 1
16 43A.670Z -3 Auxiliaries (Delivered with Equipment) 1
17 43A.755Z Emergency Governor Testing Device 1
18 153.776Z OPC/AST Solenoid Components 1
19 135.790Z Membrane Valve 1
11
5.1.4 Electric Control and Protection System
Table 5
No. Drw. No. Designation Q’ty Remarks
1 K05.387Z Bracket for Measuring Speed 1

Bracket for Measuring Axial
2 K05.383Z Displacement 1
3 K05.388Z Bracket for Measuring Eccentricity 1
4 136.392Z-5 Bracket for Measuring Key Phase 1

Bracket for Measuring Relative
5 43A.391Z-3 Expansion 1
6 43A.777Z-3 Device for Measuring Vibration 1
Device for Measuring Absolute

7 43A.386Z-3 Expansion 1
Bracket of Power Indicator for

8 K05.384Z Emergency Governor 1
9 43A.758Z-3 Emergency Tripping Device 1
10 43A.385Z-3 DEH Control Device 1

Turbine Supervision Instrument
11 43A.960Z-3 (TSI) 1
Temp Control Device for Heater of
12 43A.397Z-3 Oil Tank 1
13 43A.961Z-3 Program Control Turning Gear 1
12
5.2 List of Tools Supplied with Machine
Table 6
1 43A.601Z-3 Rotor Hoister 1 See Note
2 43A.602Z-3 Casing Hoister 1 See Note
3 43A.603Z-3 Rotor Lifting Device 1 See Note
4 2561-515 Coupling Reamer 1
(φ54.6)
5 2561-516 Coupling Reamer 1
(φ54.8)
6 2561-517 Coupling Reamer (φ55) 1
7 90.90.501 Ergometer 10
8 G03.604Z-9 Tool Box (delivered with 1 See Note
Equipment)
9 00．615Z Diaphragm Hoister 1 See Note
10 K05.605Z Bridge Gauge 1 See Note
Note: Supply one set of tools for two units.
5.3 List of Drawings Supplied with Machine

5.3.1 For the turbine proper, please see 43A.000.1GD(B)-3
5.3.2 For the oil system, please see 43A.000.2GD(B)-3
5.3.3 For the control and protection system, please see 43A.000.3GD(B)-3
13
6. Change Order
标记处数页数更改文件号签字日期备注
Mark Place Page Rev. No. Sig. Date Remarks
14
OM0401
Appendix 2:
43A.000.3GD (B)-3 the drawing and
document list of control and protection
System from HTC
REV DATE DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED REVIEWED APPROVED
Republic of Sudan
CLIENT
National Electricity Corporation

苏丹喀土穆北电站三期工程概念设计阶段
Khartoum North Power Station-Phase III Project CONCEPT DESIGN STAGE
CONSULTANT CONTRACTOR
CHINA NATIONAL MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT
IMPORT & EXPORT CORPORATION
HARBIN TURBINE COMPANY LIMITED

批准
APPROVED BY 调节保护随机图样清单
审核
REVIEWED BY The Drawing And Document List of Control
校核 and Protection System for 100MW Steam
CHECKED BY Turbine of Khartoum North Power
设计 Station-Phase III Project
DESIGNED BY
KNPS-CMEC-004
日期 DATE 2007．12 比例 SCALE 图号 DWG NO REV. A
43A.000.3GD(B)-3
23 DEC. 2007(23/12/07)
Harbin
共页第页
43A.000.3GD(B)-3 PAGE OF
1. Drawing list for control system
调节部分随机图样清单
Item Drawing NO. Description Copies Remarks
序号图号名称份数备注
1 43A.302Z(B)-3 Spring House For MSV 12
高压主汽阀操纵座
2 43A.331Z(B) MSV Actuator ASSY 12
高压主汽阀油动机
3 K05.318Z(B) Spring House For GV 12
高压调节阀操纵座
4 43A.357Z(B)-2 GV Actuator ASSY (Right) 12
高压调节阀油动机(右）
5 43A.357Z(B)-1 GV Actuator ASSY (Left) 12
高压调节阀油动机(左）
6 135.324Z(B)-1 Reset Device 12
挂闸组件
7 73B.320Z(B)-1 Servo Valve 12
电液转换器
8 43A.328Z(B)-3 EH Oil Pipe And Accessory Equipment 12
EH 油管路及其附件
9 136.330Z(B) EH Oil Reservoir 12
EH 供油装置
10 139.376Z(B)-1 Emergency Governor 12
危急遮断器
11 136.377Z(B) Lever Of Emergency Governor 12

共页第页
危急遮断器杠杆
12 79.378Z(B)-3 Pilot Valve Of Emergency Governor 12
危急遮断器滑阀
13 135.379Z(B)-3 Safety Operation Box 12
保安操纵箱
14 153.776Z(B) OPC/AST Solenoid Valve Group 12
OPC/AST 电磁阀组件
15 135.790Z(B)-2 Diaphragm Valve 12
薄膜阀
16 43A.643Z(B)-3 Spare Parts (For Control System) 12
备品备件
17 43A.670Z(B)-3 EHC Fluid 12
随机辅料
18 43A.002Q(B)-3 Hydraulic Control And Protection System 12

Diagram
调节保安系统图
19 43A.426Z(B) Lube Oil Pump Automatic Start Testing Device 12
润滑油油泵自启动试验装置
20 43A.755Z(B) Emergency Trip Testing Device 12
危急遮断试验装置
共页第页
3. Document List Of Control System
调节部分随机供应技术文件目录
Item Drawing NO. Description Copies Remarks
序号图号名称份数备注
Instruction Of Control And Protection

1
43A.002SM(B)-3 System 12
调节保安系统说明书
43A.000.3GD(B)-3 Drawing and Document List Of Control And

2
Protection System 12
调节保护随机图样清单

OM0401 Overview of Turbine Version G

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OM0401 Overview of Turbine Version G

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Section Name：Steam Turbine Body Equipment

Volume Name: Overview of Turbine

Document No. KNPS-OM0401

1 STEAM TURBINE OVERVIEW ................................................................................................. 3

2 MAIN TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 4

2.1 MAIN TECHNICAL PARAMETERS OF STEAM TURBINE UNIT ........................................................ 4

2.2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF STEAM TURBINE FLOW CHART ....................................................... 5

3 EACH COMPONENT OF UNIT ................................................................................................. 6

3.1 CASING: ............................................................................................................................... 6

3.2 ROTOR: ................................................................................................................................ 6

3.3 BEARING: ............................................................................................................................. 7

3.4 TURNING GEAR DEVICE AND JACK PUMP SYSTEM: ................................................................ 7

3.5 SLIDING PIN SYSTEM AND EXPANSION DIFFERENCE ............................................................... 8

3.6 GLAND SEAL ........................................................................................................................ 8

3.7 STEAM DISTRIBUTION WAY ................................................................................................... 8

4 INTRODUCTION TO UNIT FIRST SHUTDOWN SYSTEM ....................................................... 9

4.1 REGENERATION SYSTEM ....................................................................................................... 9

4.2 LP CASING WATER SPRAY DEVICE ...................................................................................... 10

4.3 DRAIN WATER SYSTEM ........................................................................................................11

4.4 LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM ...................................................................................................11

4.5 BYPASS SYSTEM INTRODUCTION AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ........................................ 12

4.6 NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR HEAT CONSUMPTION GUARANTEE ........................................ 13

4.7 REGULATION AND SECURITY SYSTEM .................................................................................. 14

2.1 Main technical parameters of steam turbine unit

Type: High temperature, high pressure, impulse, double-casing, double flow

Manufacturer: Harbin steam turbine manufacturing company Ltd.

Rated power: 110MW

Rated rotating speed: 3000 r/min

Rotating direction: clockwise seen from turbinEH (Electric Hydraulic)ead to

Working power grid frequency: 50HZ

Rated steam inflow: 401.01t/h

Max. steam inflow: 420t/h

Max. power: 114.96MW

Pressure of live steam: 8.83Mpa

Temperature of live steam 535

Rated back pressure: 7.9KPa

Temperature of feed water: 233.2

Temperature of cooling water

(design water temperature) 29℃

Highest cooling water temperature to keep rated power 34

Allowed highest back pressure value of steam turbine: 18.63kPa (a)

Stage number: 1C+15P+2x6P（28 stages）

Steam consumption: 3.646kg/kW.h

Heat consumption: 8997 kJ/kW.h

Height of last stage blade: 668mm

HP/IP rotor 2009r/min 5450r/min

LP rotor 1573r/min 4397r/min

During overhaul (maintenance) (upper part of LP external casing) 29t

2.2 Schematic Diagram of Steam Turbine Flow Chart

HP rotor is connected to LP rotor by semi-flexible couplings. And LP rotor is connected

Rotor of steam turbine is supported by four support bearings. No.1 bearing is

3.4 Turning Gear Device and Jack Pump System:

3.5 Sliding Pin system and Expansion Difference

3.6 Gland Seal

3.7 Steam Distribution Way

4.1 Regeneration System

Steam extraction parameters of each stage during rated power

Flow Pressure Temperature Max. allowable flow

First stage(to NO.7

Second stage (to

Third stage (to