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Fruits, Vegetables and Trees: Golden Ratio in Nature
Fruits, Vegetables and Trees: Golden Ratio in Nature
1. Flower petals
number of petals in a flower is often one of the
following numbers: 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34 or 55. For
example, the lily has three petals, buttercups have five
of them, the chicory has 21 of them, the daisy has often GOLDEN RATIO IN ARTS
34 or 55 petals, etc. The golden ratio can be used to achieve beauty,
2. Faces balance and harmony in art, architecture and design. It
Faces, both human and nonhuman, abound with can be used as a tool in art and design to achieve
examples of the Golden Ratio. The mouth and nose are balance in the composition. Check out some examples
each positioned at golden sections of the distance of golden ratio in arts.
between the eyes and the bottom of the chin. Similar 1. The exterior dimension of the Pathernon in
proportions can been seen from the side, and even the Athens, Greece embodies the golden ratio.
eye and ear itself.
3. Body parts
The Golden Section is manifested in the structure of the
human body. The human body is based on Phi and the
number 5.The number 5 appendages to the torso, in the
arms, leg and head. 5 appendages on each of these, in
the fingers and toes and 5 openings on the face. Animal
bodies exhibit similar tendencies.
4. Seed heads
3. S p i d e r w e b s i l
spider creates a
structure by
performing innate
steps.
APPLICATIONS OF MATHEMATICS IN THE WORLD
In our daily life, we use mathematics directly or
4. T h e n a u tiindirectly in various
l ufields. The
s application s of h
contains a spiral shape called logarithmic spiral. mathematical methods in different fields such as
science, engineering, business, computer science
and industry is a combination of mathematical
5. Age of the trees can be science and specialized knowledge. For example,
determined by applying statistics, combinatorics, and graph theory are used
by investigators to solve crimes.
dendrochronology which is a
Other applications of mathematics are in
scientific method of dating based
forensic science, medicine, engineering, information
on the amount of rings found in technology, cryptography, archaeology, social
the core of a tree. sciences, political science and other fields.
1. In forensic, mathematics is applied specifically
6. Turtles have growth rings called the differential and integral calculus to clarify
“scutes” which are hexagonal. the blurred image to clear image. Another
Scutes estimates the age of the turtle. application of calculus is optimization (maximize
Smallest scute is in the center and is the oldest one, or minimize) surface areas, volumes, profit and
while the largest ones on the outside are the newer cost analysis, projectile motion, etc.
ones. 2. In medical field, much of a function of a protein
7. Lightning during storms creates fractals. Foam is determined by its shape and how the pieces
bubbles formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or move. Many drugs are designed to change the
solid. shape or motions of a protein by modeling
using geometry and related areas.
Mathematics is also being applied in the
development of medicine to cure diseases.
8. Cracks can also be found on the barks of trees 4. In Information Technology, modern computer
which show some sort of weakness in the bark. are invented through the help of mathematics.
The meander is one of a series of regular An important area of applications of
sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings mathematics in the development of formal
in the channel of the body of water. mathematical theories related to the
development of computer science. Computer
science development includes logic, relations,
functions, basic set theory, counting
techniques, graph theory, combinatorics,
discrete probability, recursion, recurrence
relations and number theory, computer-