Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics Questions:- (e) Boundary layer theory.

1. Fluid is a substance that Ans: d

(a) cannot be subjected to shear forces 7. If no resistance is encountered by displacement,
(b) always expands until it fills any container such a substance is known as
(c) has the same shear stress.at a point regardless of its (a) fluid
motion (b) water
(d) cannot remain at rest under action of any shear force (c) gas
(e) flows. (d) perfect solid
Ans: d (e) ideal fluid.
2. Fluid is a substance which offers no resistance to Ans: e
change of 8. The volumetric change of the fluid caused by a
(a) pressure resistance is known as
(b) flow (a) volumetric strain
(c) shape (b) volumetric index
(d) volume (c) compressibility
(e) temperature. (d) adhesion
Ans: c (e) cohesion.
3. Practical fluids Ans: c
(a) are viscous 9. Liquids
(b) possess surface tension (a) cannot be compressed
(c) are compressible (b) occupy definite volume
(d) possess all the above properties (c) are not affected by change in pressure and
(e) possess none of the above properties. temperature
Ans: d (GO are not viscous
4. In a static fluid (e) none of the above.
(a) resistance to shear stress is small Ans: e
(b) fluid pressure is zero 10. Density of water is maximum at
(c) linear deformation is small (a) 0°C
(d) only normal stresses can exist (b) 0°K
(e) viscosity is nil. (c) 4°C
Ans: d (d) 100°C
5. A fluid is said to be ideal, if it is (e) 20°C.
(a) incompressible Ans: c
(b) inviscous 12. The value of mass density in kgsecVm4 for water
(c) viscous and incompressible at 0°C is
(d) inviscous and compressible (a) 1
(e) inviscous and incompressible. (b) 1000
Ans: e (c) 100
6. An ideal flow of any fluid must fulfill the (d) 101.9
following (e) 91
(a) Newton’s law of motion Ans: d
(b) Newton’s law of viscosity 14. Property of a fluid by which its own molecules
(c) Pascal’ law are attracted is called
(d) Continuity equation (a) adhesion
(b) cohesion 20. When the flow parameters at any given instant
(c) viscosity remain same at every point, then
(d) compressibility flow is said to be
(e) surface tension. (a) quasi static
Ans: b (b) steady state
15. Mercury does not wet glass. This is due to (c) laminar
property of liquid known as (d) uniform
(a) adhesion (e) static.
(b) cohesion Ans: d
(c) surface tension 21. Which of the following is demensionless
(d) viscosity (a) specific weight
(e) compressibility. (b) specific volume
Ans: c (c) specific speed
16. The property of a fluid which enables it to resist (d) specific gravity
tensile stress is known as (e) specific viscosity.
(a) compressibility Ans: d
(b) surface tension 22. The normal stress in a fluid will be constant in
(c) cohesion all directions at a point only if
(d) adhesion (a) it is incompressible
(e) viscosity. (b) it has uniform viscosity
Ans: c (c) it has zero viscosity
17. Property of a fluid by which molecules of (d) it is frictionless
different kinds of fluids are attracted to (e) it is at rest.
each other is called Ans: e
(a) adhesion 23. The pressure at a point in a fluid will not be
(b) cohesion same in all the directions when the
(c) viscosity fluid is
(d) compressibility (a) moving
(e) surface tension. (b) viscous
Ans: a (c) viscous and static
18. The specific weight of water is 1000 kg/m” (d) inviscous and moving
(a) at norma] pressure of 760 mm (e) viscous and moving.
(b) at 4°C temperature Ans: e
(c) at mean sea level 24. An object having 10 kg mass weighs 9.81kg on a
(d) all the above spring balance. The value of ‘g’ at
(e) none of the above. this place is
Ans: d (a) 10m/sec2
19. Specific weight of water in S.I. units is equal to (b) 9.81 m/sec2
(a) 1000 N/m3 (c) 10.2/m sec
(b) 10000 N/m3 (d) 9.75 m/sec2
(c) 9.81 xlO3 N/m3 (e) 9 m/sec .
(d) 9.81 xlO6N/m3 Ans: a
(e) 9.81 N/m3. 25. The tendency of a liquid surface to contract is
Ans: c due to the following property
(a) cohesion 35. The bulk modulus of elasticity with increase in
(b) adhesion pressure
(c) viscosity (a) increases
(d) surface tension (b) decreases
(e) elasticity. (c) remains constant
Ans: d (d) increases first upto certain limit and then decreases
26. The surface tension of mercury at normal (e) unpredictable.
temperature compared to that of water Ans: a
is 36. The bulk modulus of elasticity
(a) more (a) has the dimensions of 1/pressure
(b) less (b) increases with pressure
(c) same (c) is large when fluid is more compressible
(d) more or less depending on size of glass tube (d) is independent of pressure and viscosity
(e) none of the above. (e) is directly proportional to flow.
Ans: a Ans: b
27. A perfect gas 37. A balloon lifting in air follows the following
(a) has constant viscosity principle
(b) has zero viscosity (a) law of gravitation
(c) is incompressible (b) Archimedes principle
(d) is of theoretical interest (c) principle of buoyancy
(e) none of the above. (d) all of the above
Ans: e (e) continuity equation.
32. For very great pressures, viscosity of moss gases Ans: d
and liquids 38. The value of the coefficient of compressibility for
(a) remains same water at ordinary pressure and
(b) increases temperature in kg/cm is equal to
(c) decreases (a) 1000
(d) shows erratic behaviour (b) 2100
(e) none of the above. (c) 2700
Ans: d (d) 10,000
33. A fluid in equilibrium can’t sustain (e) 21,000.
(a) tensile stress Ans: e
(b) compressive stress 39. The increase of temperature results in
(c) shear stress (a) increase in viscosity of gas
(d) bending stress (b) increase in viscosity of liquid
(e) all of the above. (c) decrease in viscosity of gas
Ans: c (d) decrease in viscosity of liquid
34. Viscosity of water in comparison to mercury is (e) (a) and (d) above.
(a) higher Ans: d
(b) lower 40. Surface tension has the units of
(c) same (a) newtons/m
(d) higher/lower depending on temperature (b) newtons/m
(e) unpredictable. (c) new tons/m
Ans: a (d) newtons
(e) newton m. (c) both of the above
Ans: c (d) it has no units
41. Surface tension (e) none of the above.
(a) acts in the plane of the interface normal to any line Ans: c
in the surface 47. Which of the following meters is not associated
(b) is also known as capillarity with viscosity
(c) is a function of the curvature of the interface (a) Red wood
(d) decreases with fall in temperature (b) Say bolt
(e) has no units. (c) Engler
Ans: a (d) Orsat
42. The stress-strain relation of the newtoneon fluid is (e) none of the above.
(a) linear Ans: d
(b) parabolic 48. Choose the correct relationship
(c) hyperbolic (a) specific gravity = gravity x density
(d) inverse type (b) dynamicviscosity = kinematicviscosity x density
(e) none of the above. (c) gravity = specific gravity x density
Ans: a (d) kinematicviscosity = dynamicviscosity x density
43. A liquid compressed in cylinder has a volume of (e) hydrostaticforce = surface tension x gravity.
0.04 m3 at 50 kg/cm2 and a volume of 0.039 Ans: b
m3 at 150 kg/cm2. The bulk modulus of elasticity of 49. Dimensions of surface tension are
liquid is (a) MlL°T2
(a) 400 kg/cm2 (b) MlL°Tx
(b) 4000 kg/cm2 (c) MlL r2
(c) 40 x 105 kg/cm2 (d) MlL2T2
(d) 40 x 106 kg/cm2 (e) MlL°t.
(e) none of the above. Ans: a
Ans: b 50. For manometer, a better liquid combination is one
44. The units of viscosity are having
(a) metres2 per sec (a) higher surface tension
(b) kg sec/metre (b) lower surface tension
(c) newton-sec per metre2 (c) surface tension is no criterion
(d) newton-sec per metre (d) high density and viscosity
(e) none of the above. (e) low density and viscosity.
Ans: b Ans: a
45. Kinematic viscosity is dependent upon 51. If mercury in a barometer is replaced by water, the
(a) pressure height of 3.75 cm of mercury will be following
(b) distance cm of water
(c) level (a) 51 cm
(d) flow (b) 50 cm
(e) density. (c) 52 cm
Ans: e (d) 52.2 cm
46. Units of surface tension are (e) 51.7 cm.
(a) energy/unit area Ans: a
(b) distance 52. Choose the wrong statement.
Alcohol is used in manometer, because (b) wh
(a) its vapour pressure is low (c) w/h
(b) it provides suitable meniscus for the inclined tube (d) h/w
(c) its density is less (e) h/wh.
(d) it provides longer length for a given pressure Ans: b
difference 5 Choose the wrong statement
(e) it provides accurate readings. (a) Viscosity of a fluid is that property which
Ans: a determines the amount of its resistance to a shearing
53. Increase in pressure at the outer edge of a drum of force
radius R due to rotation at corad/sec, full of (b) Viscosity is due primarily to interaction between
liquid of density p will be fluid molecules
(a) pco2/?2 (c) Viscosity of liquids decreases with in-crease in
(b) pco2/?2/2 temperature
(c) 2pa2R2 (d) Viscosity of liquids is appreciably affected by
(d) pa2R/2 change in pressure
(e) none of the above. (e) Viscosity is expressed as poise, stoke, or saybolt
Ans: b seconds.
54. The property of fluid by virtue of which it offers Ans: d
resistance to shear is called 59. The units of kinematic viscosity are
(a) surface tension (a) metres2 per sec
(b) adhesion (b) kg sec/meter
(c) cohesion (c) newton-sec per meter
(d) viscosity (d) newton-sec per meter
(e) all of the above. (e) none of the above.
Ans: d Ans: a
55. Choose the wrong statement 60. The ratio of absolute viscosity to mass density is
(a) fluids are capable of flowing known as
(b) fluids conform to the shape of the containing vessels (a) specific viscosity
(c) when in equilibrium, fluids cannot sustain tangential (b) viscosity index
forces (c) kinematic viscosity
(d) when in equilibrium, fluids can sustain shear forces (d) coefficient of viscosity
(e) fluids have some degree of compressibility and offer (e) coefficient of compressibility.
little resistance to form. Ans: c
Ans: d 4-61. Kinematic viscosity is equal to
56. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3 at (a) dynamic viscosity/density
(a) 0°C (b) dynamicviscosity x density
(b) 0°K (c) density/dynamic viscosity
(c) 4°C (d) 20°C (d) 1/dynamicviscosity x density
(e) all temperature. (e) same as dynamic viscosity.
Ans: c Ans: a
57. If w is the specific weight of liquid and k the depth 4.62. Which of the following is the unit of kinematic
of any point from the surface, then pressure viscosity
intensity at that point will be (a) pascal
(a) h (b) poise
(c) stoke (b) viscosity
(d) faraday (c) friction
(e) none of the above. (d) cohesion
Ans: c (e) adhesion.
63. A one dimensional flow is one which Ans: a
(a) is uniform flow 70. A bucket of water is hanging from a spring balance.
(b) is steady uniform flow An iron piece is suspended into water
(c) takes place in straight lines without touching sides of bucket from another support.
(d) involves zero transverse component of flow The spring balance reading will
(e) takes place in one dimension. (a) increase
Ans: d (b) decrease
64. Alcohol is used in manometers because (c) remain same
(a) it has low vapour pressure (d) increase/decrease depending on depth of immersion
(b) it is clearly visible (e) unpredictable.
(c) it has low surface tension Ans: c
(d) it can provide longer column due to low density 71. Falling drops of water become spheres due to the
(e) is provides suitable meniscus. property of
Ans: d (a) adhesion
65. A pressure of 25 m of head of water is equal to (b) cohesion
(a) 25 kN/m2 (c) surface tension
(b) 245 kN/m2 (d) viscosity
(c) 2500 kN/m2 (e) compressibility.
(d) 2.5kN/m2 Ans: c
(e) 12.5 kN/m2. 72. A liquid would wet the solid, if adhesion forces as
Ans: b compared to cohesion forces are
66. Specific weight of sea water is more that of pure (a) less
water because it contains (b) more
(a) dissolved air (c) equal
(b) dissolved salt (d) less at low temperature and more at high
(c) suspended matter temperature
(d) all of the above (e) there is no such criterion.
(e) heavy water. Ans: b
Ans: d 73. If cohesion between molecules of a fluid is greater
67. If 850 kg liquid occupies volume of one cubic than adhesion between fluid and glass, then
meter, men 0.85 represents its the free level of fluid in a dipped glass tube will be
(a) specific weight (a) higher than the surface of liquid
(b) specific mass (b) the same as the surface of liquid
(c) specific gravity (c) lower than the surface of liquid
(d) specific density (d) unpredictable
(e) none of the above. (e) none of the above.
Ans: c Ans: c
69. Free surface of a liquid tends to contract to the 74. The point in the immersed body through which the
smallest possible area due to force of resultant pressure of the liquid may be taken
(a) surface tension to act is known as
(a) meta center (b) capillarity
(b) center of pressure (c) viscosity
(c) center of buoyancy (d) shear stress in fluids
(d) center of gravity (e) buoyancy.
(e) none of the above. Ans: c
Ans: b 80. Metacentric height is given as the distance between
75. The total pressure on the surface of a vertical sluice (a) the center of gravity of the body andthe meta center
gate 2 m x 1 m with its top 2 m surface being (b) the center of gravity of the body and the center of
0.5 m below the water level will be buoyancy
(a) 500 kg (c) the center of gravity of the body and the center of
(b) 1000 kg pressure
(c) 1500 kg (d) center of buoyancy and metacentre
(d) 2000 kg (e) none of the above.
(e) 4000 kg. Ans: a
Ans: d 81. The buoyancy depends on
76. The resultant upward pressure of a fluid on a (a) mass of liquid displaced
floating body is equal to the weight of the fluid (b) viscosity of the liquid
displaced by the body. This definition is according to (c) pressure of the liquid displaced
(a) Buoyancy (d) depth of immersion
(b) Equilibrium of a floating body (e) none of the above.
(c) Archimedes’ principle Ans: a
(d) Bernoulli’s theorem 82. The center of gravity of the volume of the liquid
(e) Metacentric principle. displaced by an immersed body is called
Ans: c (a) meta-center
77. The resultant upward pressure of the fluid on an (b) center of pressure
immersed body is called (c) center of buoyancy
(a) upthrust (d) center of gravity
(b) buoyancy (e) none of the above.
(c) center of pressure Ans: c
(d) all the above are correct 83. A piece of metal of specific gravity 13.6 is placed in
(e) none of above is correct. mercury of specific gravity 13.6, what fraction
Ans: b of it volume is under mercury?
7 The conditions for the stable equilibrium of a floating (a) the metal piece will simply float over the mercury
body are (b) the metal piece will be immersed in mercury by half
(a) the meta-center should lie above the center of (c) whole of the metal piece will be immersed with its
gravity top surface just at mercury level
(b) the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity (d) metal piece will sink to the bottom
must lie on the same vertical line (e) none of the above.
(c) a righting couple should be formed Ans: c
(d) all the above are correct 84. The angle of contact in case of a liquid depends
(e) none of the above is correct. upon
Ans: d (a) the nature of the liquid and the solid
79. Poise is the unit of (b) the material which exists above the free surface of
(a) surface tension the liquid
(c) both of die above 90. If the surface of liquid is convex, men
(d) any one of the above (a) cohesion pressure is negligible
(e) none of die above. (b) cohesion pressure is decreased
Ans: c (c) cohesion pressure is increased
3.85. Free surface of a liquid behaves like a sheet and (d) there is no cohesion pressure
tends to contract to smallest possible area due (e) none of the above.
to the Ans: c
(a) force of adhesion 91. To avoid vaporisation in the pipe line, the pipe line
(b) force of cohesion over the ridge is laid such that it is not more
(c) force of friction than
(d) force of diffusion (a) 2.4 m above the hydraulic gradient
(e) none of die above. (b) 6.4 m above the hydraulic gradient
Ans: b (c) 10.0 m above the hydraulic gradient
86. Rain drops are spherical because of (d) 5.0 above the hydraulic gradient
(a) viscosity (e) none of the above.
(b) air resistance Ans: b
(c) surface tension forces 92. To avoid an interruption in the flow of a syphon, an
(d) atmospheric pressure air vessel is provided
(e) none of the above. (a) at the inlet
Ans: c (b) at the outlet
87. Surface energy per unit area of a surface is (c) at the summit
numerically equal to .. (d) ay nay point between inlet and outlet
(a) atmospheric pressure (e) none of the above.
(b) surface tension Ans: c
(c) force of adhesion 93. The vapour pressure over the concave surface is
(d) force of cohesion (a) less man the vapour pressure over the plane surface
(e) viscosity. (b) equal to the vapour pressure over the plane surface
Ans: b (c) greater than the vapour pressure over the plane
1-8 The capillary rise at 20°C in a clean glass tube of 1 surface
mm bore containing water is ap-proximately (d) zero
(a) 1 mm (e) none of the above.
(b) 5 mm Ans: a
(c) 10 mm 94. The peoperty by virtue of which a liquid opposes
(d) 20 mm relative motion between its different layers is
(e) 30 mm. called
Ans: e (a) surface tension
89. The difference of pressure between the inside and (b) co-efficient of viscosity
outside of a liquid drop is (c) viscosity
(a)p = Txr (d) osmosis
(b)p = T/r (e) cohesion.
(c) p = T/2r Ans: c
(d)p = 2T/r 95. The process of diffusion of one liquid into the other
(e) none of the above. through a semi-permeable membrane is
Ans: d called
(a) viscosity (e) none of the above.
(b) osmosis Ans: d
(c) surface tension 103. Newton’s law of viscosity is a relationship
(d) cohesion between
(e) diffusivity. (a) shear stress anctthejiate of angular distortion
Ans: b (b) shear stress and viscosity
96. The units of dynamic or absolute viscosity are (c) shear stress, velocity and viscosity
(a) metres2 per sec (d) pressure, velocity and viscosity
(b) kg sec/meter (e) shear stress, pressure and rate of angular distortion.
(c) newton-sec per meter Ans: a
(d) newton-sec2 per meter 104. The atmospheric pressure with rise in altitude
(e) none of the above. decreases
Ans: c (a) linearly
9 The continuity equation is connected with (b) first slowly and then steeply
(a) viscous/unviscous fluids (c) first steeply and then gradually
(b) compressibility of fluids (d) unpredictable
(c) conservation of mass (e) none of the above.
(d) steady/unsteady flow Ans: b
(e) open channel/pipe flow. 105. Pressure of the order of 10″‘ torr can be measured
Ans: c by
99. The rise or depression of liquid in a tube due to (a) Bourdon tube
surface tension wim increase in size of tube will (b) Pirani Gauge
(a) increase (c) micro-manometer
(b) remain unaffected (d) ionisastion gauge
(c) may increase or decrease depending on the (e) McLeod gauge.
characteristics of liquid Ans: d
(d) decrease 106. Operation of McLeod gauge used for low pressure
(e) unpredictable. measurement is based on the principle of
Ans: d (a) gas law
100. Liquids transmit pressure equally in all the (b) Boyle’s law
directions. This is according to (c) Charle’s law
(a) Boyle’s law (d) Pascal’s law
(b) Archimedes principle (e) McLeod’s law.
(c) Pascal’s law Ans: b
(d) Newton’s formula 107. An odd shaped body weighing 7.5 kg and
(e) Chezy’s equation. occupying 0.01 m3 volume will be completely
Ans: c submerged in a fluid having
Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics Interview Questions specific gravity of
101. Capillary action is due to the (a) 1
(a) surface tension (b) 1.2
(b) cohesion of the liquid (c) 0.8
(c) adhesion of the liquid molecules and the molecules (d) 0.75
on the surface of a solid (e) 1.25.
(d) all of the above Ans: d
10 In an isothermal atmosphere, the pressure (e) flow.
(a) decreases linearly with elevation Ans: c
(b) remains constant 114. Which of the following instruments is used to
(c) varies in the same way as the density measure flow on the application of Bernoulli’s
(d) increases exponentially with elevation theorem
(e) unpredictable. (a) Venturimeter
Ans: c (b) Orifice plate
109. Mercury is often used in barometer because (c) nozzle
(a) it is the best liquid (d) pitot tube
(b) the height of barometer will be less (e) all of the above.
(c) its vapour pressure is so low that it may be Ans: e
neglected 116. The speed of sound in a ideal gas varies directly as
(d) both (b) and (c) its
(e) it moves easily. (a) pressure
Ans: d (b) temperature
110. Barometer is used to measure (c) density
(a) pressure in pipes, channels etc. (d) modulus of elasticity
(b) atmospheric pressure (e) absolute temperature,
(c) very low pressure Ans: e
(d) difference of pressure between two points 119. Dynamic viscosity of most of the liquids with rise
(e) rain level. in temperature
Ans: b (a) increases
111. Which of the following instrument can be used for (b) decreases
measuring speed of a submarine moving in (a) remains unaffected
deep sea (d) unpredictable
(a) Venturimeter (e) none of the above.
(b) Orifice plate Ans: b
(c) hot wire anemometer 120. Dynamic viscosity of most of the gases with rise in
(d) rotameter temperature
(e) pitot tube. (a) increases
Ans: e (b) decreases
112. Which of the following instrument can be used for (c) remains unaffected
measuring speed of an aeroplane (d) unpredictable
(a) Venturimeter (e) none of the above.
(b) Orifice plate Ans: a
(c) hot wire anemometer 121. A metal with specific gravity of o floating in a
(d) rotameter fluid of same specific gravity a will
(e) pitot tube. (a) sink to bottom
Ans: e (b) float over fluid
113. Piezometer is used to measure (c) partly immersed
(a) pressure in pipe, channels etc. (d) be fully immersed with top surface at fluid surface
(b) atmospheric pressure (e) none of the above.
(c) very low pressures Ans: d
(d) difference of pressure between two points 123. Euler’s dimensionless number relates the
following (d) at metacentre
(a) inertial force and gravity (e) vertically downwards.
(b) viscous force and inertial force Ans: c
(c) viscous force and buoyancy force 133. Centre of pressure compared to e.g. is
(d) pressure force and inertial force (a) above it
(e) pressure force and viscous force. (b) below it.
Ans: d (c) at same point
12 Manometer is used to measure (d) above or below depending on area of body
(a) pressure in pipes, channels etc. (e) none of the above.
(b) atmospheric pressure Ans: b
(c) very low pressure 134. Metacentric height is the distance between the
(d) difference of pressure between two points metacentre and
(e) velocity. (a) water surface
Ans: a (b) center of pressure
.129. Which of the following manometer has highest (c) center of gravity
sensitivity (d) center of buoyancy
(a) U-tube with water (e) none of the above.
(b) inclined U-tube Ans: c
(c) U-tube with mercury 135.. The resultant upward pressure of the fluid on an
(d) micro-manometer with water immersed body due to its tendency to uplift
(e) displacement type. the sub-merged body is called
Ans: d (a) upthrust
130. In order to increase sensitivity of U-tube (b) reaction
manometer, one leg is usually inclined by angle 9. (c) buoyancy
Sensitivity of inclined tube to sensitivity of U-tube is (d) metacentre
equal to (e) center of pressure.
(a) sin 9 Ans: c
(b) sin 9 136. The center of pressure of a surface subjected to
(c) casS fluid pressure is the point
(d) cos 9 (a) on the surface at which resultant pres-sure acts
(e) tan 9. (b) on the surface at which gravitational force acis
Ans: b (c) at which all hydraulic forces meet
131. Working principle of dead weight pressure gauge (d) similar to metacentre
tester is based on (e) where pressure equivalent to hydraulic thrust will
(a) Pascal’s law act.
(b) Dalton’s law of partial pressure Ans: a
(c) Newton’s law of viscosity . 137. Buoyant force is
(d) Avogadro’s hypothesis (a) the resultant force acting on a floating body
(e) Second law of thermodynamic. (b) the resultant force on a body due to the fluid
Ans: a surrounding it
132. The resultant of all normal pressures acts (c) equal to the volume of liquid dis-placed
(a) at e.g. of body (d) the force necessary to maintain equilibrium of a
(b) at center of pressure submerged body
(c) vertically upwards (e) none of the above.
Ans: b (d) all of the above
13 The horizontal component of buoyant force is (e) none of the above.
(a) negligible Ans: d
(b) same as buoyant force 152. A square surface 3 m x 3 m lies in a vertical line in
(c) zero water pipe its upper edge at vater surface.
Ans: c The hydrostatic force on square surface is
140. The line of action of the buoyant force acts (a) 9,000 kg
through the (b) 13,500 kg
(a) centroid of the volume of fluid vertically above the (c) 18,000 kg
body (d) 27,000 kg
(b) center of the volume of floating body (e) 30,000 kg.
(c) center of gravity of any submerged body Ans: b
(d) centriod of the displaced volume of fluid 153. The depth of the center of pressure on a vertical
(e) none of the above. rectangular gate 8 m wide and 6 m high, when
Ans: d the water surface coincides with the top of the gate, is
141. Center of buoyancy is the (a) 2.4 m
(a) centroid of the displaced volume of fluid (b) 3.0 m
(b) center of pressure of displaced volume (c) 4.0 m
(c) e.g. of floating ‘body (d)”2.5 m
(d) does not exist (e) 5.0 m.
(e) none of the above. Ans: b
Ans: a 154. If the atmospheric pressure on the surface of an oil
142. A body floats in stable equilibrium tank (sp. gr. 0.8) is 0.2 kg/cm”, the pressure
(a) when its meatcentric height is zero at a depth of 50 m below the oil surface will be
(b) when the metancentre is above e.g. (a) 2 meters of water column
(c) when its e.g. is below it’s center of buoyancy (b) 3 meters of water column
(d) metacentre has nothing to do with position of e.g. (c) 5 meters of water column
for determining stability (d) 6 meters of water Column
(e) none of the above. (e) 7 meters of water column.
Ans: b Ans: d
l43. A piece weighing 3 kg in air was found to weigh 155. Metacentre is the point of intersection of
2.5 kg when submerged in water. Its specific (a) vertical upward force through e.g. of body and
gravity is center line of body
(a) 1 (b) buoyant force and the center line of body
(b) 5 (c) mid point between e.g. and center of buoyancy
(c) 7 (d) all of the above
(d) 6 (e) none of the above.
Ans: d Ans: b
151. The total pressure force on a plane area is equal to 156. Choose the wrong statement
the area multiplied by the intensity of (a) The horizontal component of the hydro-static force
pressure at the centriod, if on any surface is equal to the normal force on
(a) the area is horizontal the vertical projection of the surface
(b) the area is vertical (b) The horizontal component acts through the center of
(c) the area is inclined pressure for the vertical projection
(c) The vertical component of the hydrostatic force on (e) liquid surface.
any surface is equal to the weight of the Ans: d
volume of the liquid above the area 161. Buoyant force is
(d) he vertical component passes through the center of (a) resultant force acting on a floating body
pressure of the volume (b) equal to the volume of liquid displaced
(e) Center of pressure acts at a greater depth than center (c) force necessary to keep a body in equilibrium
of gravity. (d) the resultant force on a body due to the fluid
Ans: d surrounding it
157. For a body floating in a liquid the normal pressure (e) none of the above.
exerted by the liquid acts at Ans: d
(a) bottom surface of the body l62. Ratio of inertia force to surface Jension is known
(b) e.g. of the body as
(c) metacentre (a) Mach number
(d) all points on the surface of the body (b) Froude number
(e) all of the above. (c) Reynold’s number
Ans: d (d) Weber’s number
15 Choose the wrong statement (e) none of the above.
(a) any weight, floating or immersed in a liquid, is acted Ans: d
upon by a buoyant force 163. A ship whose hull length is 100 m is to travel at 10
(p) Buoyant force is equal to the weight of the liquid m/sec. For dynamic similarity,
displaced at what velocity should a 1:25 model be towed through
(c) The point through which buoyant force acts, is water ?
called the center of buoyancy (a) 10 m/sec
(d) Center of buoyancy is located above the center of (b) 25 m/sec
gravity of the displaced liquid v (c) 2 m/sec
(e) Relative density of liquids can be determined by (d) 50 m/sec
means of the depth of flotation of hydrometer. (e) 250 m/sec.
Ans: d Ans: c
159. According to the principle of buoyancy a body 164. A model of a reservior is drained in 4 mts by
totally or partially immersed in a fluid will be opening the sluice gate. The model scale is 1: 225.
lifted up by a force equal to How long should it take to empty the prototype ?
(a) the weight of the body (a) 900 minutes
(b) more than the weight of the body (b) 4 minutes
(c) less than the weight of the body (c) 4 x (225)3/2 minutes
(d) weight of the fluid displaced by the body (d) 4 (225)1/3 minutes
(e) weight of body plus the weight of the fluid displaced (e) 4 x V225 minutes.
hy the body. Ans: e
Ans: d 165. A model of torpedo is tested in a towing tank at a
160. When a body floating in a liquid, is displaced velocity of 25 m/sec. The prototype is expected
slightly, it oscillates about to attain a velocity
(a) e.g. of body of 5 m/sec. What model scale has been used ?
(b) center of pressure (a) 1 : 5
(c) center of buoyancy (b) 1 : 2.5
(d) metacentre (c) 1 :25
(d) 1:35 buoyancy
(e) 1 : 53/2 (e) All floating bodies are stable.
Ans: a Ans: e
166. Ratio of inertia force to elastic force is known as 171. Center of pressure on an inclined plane is
(a) Mach number (a) at the centroid
(b) Froude number (b) above the centroid
(c) Reynold’s number (c) below the centroid
(d) Weber’s number (d) at metacentre
(e) none of the above. (e) at center of pressure.
Ans: a Ans: c
167. For a floating body to be in stable equilibrium, its 172. An open vessel of water is accelerated up an
metacentre should be inclined plane. The free water surface will
(a) below the center of gravity (a) be horizontal
(b) below the center of buoyancy (b) make an angle in direction of inclination of inclined
(c) above the center of buoyancy plane
(d) between e.g. and center of pressure (c) make an angle in opposite direction to inclination of
(e) above the center of gravity. inclined plane
Ans: e (d) any one of above is possible
16 For a floating body to be in equilibrium (e) none of the above.
(a) meta center should be above e.g. Ans: c
(b) center of buoyancy and e.g. must lie on same 173. The line of action of the buoyant force acts
vertical plane through the centroid of the
(c) a righting couple should be formed (a) submerged body
(d) all of the above (b) volume of the floating body
(e) none of the above. (c) volume of the fluid vertically above the body
Ans: d (d) displaced volume of the fluid
169. The two important forces for a floating body are (e) none of the above.
(a) buoyancy, gravity Ans: d
(b) buoyancy, pressure 174. Resultant pressure of the liquid in the case of an
(c) buoyancy, inertial immersed body acts through
(d) inertial, gravity (a) center of gravity
(e) gravity, pressure. (b) center of pressure
Ans: a (c) metacentre
170. Choose the wrong statement (d) center of buoyancy
(a) The center of buoyancy is located at the center of (e) in between e.g. and center of pressure.
gravity of the displaced liquid Ans: b
(b) For stability of a submerged body, the center of 175. The center of gravity of the volume of the liquid
gravity of body must lie directly below the center displaced by an immersed body is called
of buoyancy (a) center of gravity
(c) If e.g. and center of buoyancy coincide, the (b) center of pressure
submerged body must lie at neutral equilibrium for all (c) metacentre
positions (d) center of buoyancy
(d) For stability of floating cylinders or spheres, the e.g. (e) centroid.
of body must lie below the center of Ans: d
176. Differential monometer is used to measure (a) Local atmospheric pressure depends upon elevation
(a) pressure in pipes, channels etc. of locality only
(b) atmospheric pressure (b) Standard atmospheric pressure is the mean local
(c) very low pressure atmospheric pressure a* sea level
(d) difference of pressure between two points (c) Local atmospheric pressure is always below
(e) velocity in pipes standard atmospheric pressure
Ans: d (d) A barometer reads the difference be-tween local and
177. The pressure in the air space above an oil (sp. gr. standard atmospheric pressure
0.8) surface in a tank is 0.1 kg/cm”. (e) Gauge piessure is equal to atmospheric pressure plus
The pressure at 2.5 m below the oil surface will be instrument reading.
(a) 2 meters of water column Ans: b
(b) 3 meters of water column 184. For measuring flow by a venturimeter, if should be
(c) 3.5 meters of water column installed in
(d) 4 m of water column (a) vertical line
(e) none of the above. (b) horizontal line
Ans: b (c) inclined line with flow downward
17 The time oscillation of a floating body with increase (d) inclined line with upward flow
in metacentric height will be (e) in any direction and in any location.
(a) same Ans: e
(b) higher 185. Total pressure on a lm×lm gate immersed
(c) lower vertically at a depth of 2 m below the free water
(d) lower/higher depending on weight of body surface will be
(e) unpredictable. (a) 1000 kg
Ans: c (b) 4000 kg
179. In an immersed body, center of pressure is (c) 2000 kg
(a) at the center of gravity (d) 8000 kg
(b) above the center of gravity (e) 16000 kg.
(c) below be center of gravity Ans: a
(d) could be above or below e.g. depending on density 186. Hot wire anemometer is used to measure
of body and liquid (a) pressure in gases
(e) unpredictable. (b) liquid discharge
Ans: c (c) pressure in liquids
180. The normal stress is same in all directions at a (d) gas velocities
point in a fluid (e) temperature.
(a) only when the fluid is frictionless Ans: d
(b) only when the fluid is incompressible and has zero 187. Rotameter is a device used to measure
viscosity (a) absolute pressure
(c) when there is no motion of one fluid layer relative to (b) velocity of fluid
an adjacent layer (c) flow
(d) irrespective of the motion of one fluid layer relative (d) rotation
to an adjacent layer (e) velocity of air.
(e) in case of an ideal fluid. Ans: c
Ans: c 18 Flow of water in a pipe about 3 meters in diameter
181. Select the correct statement can be measured by
(a) orifice plate (e) velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to
(b) venturi point in the fluid flow.
(c) rotameter Ans: e
(d) pitot tube 194. During the opening of a valve in a pipe line, the
(e) nozzle flow is
Ans: d (a) steady
189. True one-dimensional flow occurs when (b) unsteady
(a) the direction and magnitude of the veiocity at all (c) uniform
points are identical (d) laminar
(b) the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any (e) free vortex type.
point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time Ans: b
(c) the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not 195. Uniform flow occurs when
change from point to point in the fluid (a) the flow is steady
(d) the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes (b) the flow is streamline
and the streamline pat-terns are identical in (c) size and shape of the cross section in a particular
each plane length remain constant
(e) velocity, depth, pressure etc. change from point to (d) size and cross section change uniform¬ly along
point in the fluid flow. length
Ans: a (e) flow occurs at constant fate.
190. An ideal flow of any fluid must satisfy Ans: c
(a) Pascal law 196. Gradually varied flow is
(b) Newton’s law of viscosity (a) steady uniform
(c) boundary layer theory (b) non-steady non-uniform
(d) continuity equation (c) non-steady uniform
(e) Bernoulli’s theorem. (d) steady non-uniform
Ans: d (e) true one-dimensional.
191. In the case of steady flow of a fluid, the Ans: d
acceleration of any fluid particle is 197. Steady flow occurs when
(a) constant (a) the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all
(b) variable points are identical
(c) zero (b) the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any
(d) zero under limiting conditions point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time
(e) never zero. (c) the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not
Ans: c change from point to point in the fluid
193. Non uniform flow occurs when (d) the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes
(a) the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all and the streamline pat-terns are identical in
points are identical each plane
(b) the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any (e) velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to
point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time point in the fluid flow.
(c) the magnitude aricf direction of the velocity do not Ans: b
change from point to point in the fluid 19 The flow which neglects changes in a transverse
(d) the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes direction is known as
and the streamline pat-terns are identical in (a) one dimensional flow
each plane (b) uniform flow
(c) steady flow (c) laminar
(d) turbulent flow (d) vortex
(e) streamline flow. (e) rotational.
Ans: a Ans: b
199. The flow in which each liquid particle has a 211. General energy equation holds for
definite path and their paths do not cross each other (a) steady flow
is called (b) turbulent flow
(a) one dimensional flow (c) laminar flow
(b) uniform flow (d) non-uniform flow
(c) steady flow (e) all of the above.
(d) turbulent flow Ans: d
(e) streamline flow. 212. A streamline is defined as the line
Ans: e (a) parallel to central axis flow
200. The flow in which conditions do not change with (b) parallel to outer surface of pipe
time at any point, is known as (c) of equal yelocity in a flow
(a) one dimensional flow (d) along which the pressure drop is uniform
(b) uniform flow (e) which occurs in all flows.
(c) steady flow Ans: c
(d) turbulent flow 213. Two dimensional flow occurs when
(e) streamline flow. (a) the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all
Ans: c points are identical
201. The flow in which the velocity vector is identical (b) the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any
in magnitude and direction at every point, for point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time
any given instant, is known as (c) the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not
(a) one dimensional flow change from point to point in the fluid
(b) uniform f^w (d) the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes
(c) steady flow and the streamline pat-terns are identical in
(d) turbulent flow each plane
(e) streamline flow. (e) velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to
Ans: b point in the fluid flow.
202. The flow in which the particles of a fluid attain Ans: d
such velocities that vary from point to point in 215. A piece of metal of specific gravity 7 floats in
magnitude and direction as well as from instant to mercury of specific gravity 13.6. What fraction of
instant, is known as its volume is under mercury ?
(a) one dimensional flow (a) 0.5
(b) uniform flow (b) 0.4
(c) steady flow (c) 0.515
(d) turbulent flow (d) 0.5
(e) streamline flow. (e) none of the above.
Ans: d Ans: c
210. Flow occurring in a pipeline when a valve is being 216. A piece of wood having weight 5 kg floats in
opened is water with 60% of its volume under the liquid. The
(a) steady specific gravity of wood is
(b) unsteady (a) 0.83
(b) 0.6 Ans: d
(c) 0.4 223. The upper surface of a weir over which water
(d) 0.3 flows is known is
(e) none of the above. (a) crest
Ans: b (b) nappe
21 The velocity of jet of water travelling out of opening (c) sill
in a tank filled with water is proportional to (d) weir top
(a) head of water (h) (e) contracta.
(b) h2 Ans: c
(c) V/T 224. Normal depth in open channel flow is the depth of
(d) h2 flow corresponding to
(e) h3/1. (a) steady flow
Ans: c (b) unsteady flow
219. In a free vortex motion, the radial component of (c) laminar flow
velocity everywhere is (d) uniform flow
(a) maximum (e) critical flow.
(b) minimum Ans: d
(c) zero 226. Uniform flow occurs when
(d) non-zero and finite (a) the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all
(e) unpredictable. points are identical
Ans: c (b) the velocity of successive fluid particles, at any
220. In a forced vortex, the velocity of flow everywhere point, is the same at successive periods of time
within the fluid is (c) the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not
(a) maximum change from point to point in the fluid
(b) minimum (d) the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes
(c) zero and the streamline patterns are identical in
(d) non-zero finite each plane
(e) unpredictable. (e) velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to
Ans: d point in the fluid flow.
221. The region between the separation streamline and Ans: c
the boundary surface of the solid body is 227. Pitot tube is used for measurement of
known as (a) pressure
(a) wake (b) flow
(b) drag (c) velocity
(c) lift (d) discharge
(d) boundary layer (e) viscosity.
(e) aerofoil section. Ans: c
Ans: a 22 Hydrometer is used to determine
222. For hypersonic flow, the Mach number is (a) specific gravity of liquids
(a) unity (b) specific gravity of solids
(b) greater than unity (c) specific gravity of gases
(c) greater than 2 (d) relative humidity
(d) greater than 4 (e) density.
(e) greater than 10. Ans: a
229. The total energy of each particle at various places (e) none of the above
in the case of perfect incompressible fluid Ans: c
flowing in continuous stream 234. All the terms of energy in Bernoulli’s equation
(d) keeps on increasing have dimension of
(b) keeps on decreasing (a) energy
(c) remains constant (b) work
(d) may increase/decrease (c) mass
(e) unpredictable. (d) length
Ans: c (e) time.
230. According to Bernoulli’s equation for steady ideal Ans: d
fluid flow 235. Reynolds number is significant in
(a) principle of conservation of mass holds (a) supersonics, as with projectile and jet propulsion
(b) velocity and pressure are inversely proportional (b) full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with
(c) total energy is constant throughout pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc.
(d) the energy is constant along a stream-line but may (c) simultaneous motion through two fluids where there
vary across streamlines is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity forces,
(e) none of the above. and wave making effect, as with ship’s hulls
Ans: d (d) all of the above
231. The equation of continuity holds good when the (e) none of the above.
flow Ans: b
(a) is steady 236. A large Roynold number is indication of
(b) is one dimensional (a) smooth and streamline flow
(c) velocity is uniform at all the cross sections (b) laminar flow
(d) all of the above (c) steady flow
(e) none of the above. (d) turbulent flow
Ans: d (e) highly turbulent flow.
232. Mach number is significant in Ans: e
(a) supersonics, as with projectiles and jet propulsion 237. For pipes, laminar flow occurs when Roynolds
(b) full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with number is
pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc. (a) less than 2000
(c) simultaneous motion through two fluids where there (b) between 2000 and 4000
is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity force, (c) more than 4000
and wave making effects, as with ship’s hulls (d) less than 4000
(d) all of fhe above (e) none of the above.
(e) none of the above. Ans: a
Ans: a 248. In order that flow takes place between two points
233. Froude number is significant in in a pipeline, the differential pressure
(a) supersonics, as with projectile and jet propulsion between these points must be more than
(b) full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with (a) frictional force
pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc. (b) viscosity
(c) simultaneous motion through two fluids where there (c) surface friction
is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity forces, (d) all of the above
and wave making effect, as with ship’s hulls (e) none of the above.
(d) all of the above Ans: d
239. At the centre line of a pipe flowing under pressure
where the velocity gradient is zero, the shear
stress will be
(a) minimum
(b) maximum
(c) zero
(d) negative value
(e) could be any value.
Ans: e
240. The pressure in Pascals at a depth of 1 m below
the free surface of a body of water will be equal
to
(a) 1 Pa
(b) 91Pa
(c) 981 Pa
(d) 9810 Pa
(e) 98,100 Pa.
Ans: d
241. Two pipe systems can be said to be equivalent,
when the following quantities are same
(a) friction loss and flow
(b) length and diameter
(c) flow and length
(d) friction factor and diameter
(e) velocity and diameter.
Ans: a
242. For pipes, turbulent flow occurs when Reynolds
number is
(a) less than 2000
(b) between 2000 and 4000
(c). more than 4000
(d) less than 4000
(e) none of the above.
Ans: c
243. Bernoulli equation deals with the law of
conservation of
(a) mass
(b) momentum
(c) energy
(d) work
(e) force.
Ans: c