Strength of Materials (c) transverse stress

(d) compressive stress

1. Strain is defined as the ratio of (e) working stress.
(a) change in volume to original volume Ans: b
(b) change in length to original length 7. The materials having same elastic properties
(c) change in cross-sectional area to original in all directions are called
cross-sectional area (a) ideal materials
(d) any one of the above (b) uniform materials
(e) none of the above. (c) isotropic materials
Ans: d (d) practical materials
2. Hooke's law holds good up to (e) elastic materials.
(a) yield point Ans: c
(b) limit of proportionality 8. A thin mild steel wire is loaded by adding
(c) breaking point loads in equal increments till it breaks. The
(d) elastic limit extensions noted with increasing
(e) plastic limit. loads will behave as under
Ans: b (a) uniform throughout
3. Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of (b) increase uniformly
(a) volumetric stress and volumetric strain (c) first increase and then decrease
(b) lateral stress and lateral strain (d) increase uniformly first and then increase
(c) longitudinal stress and longitudinal strain rapidly
(d) shear stress to shear strain (e) increase rapidly first and then uniformly.
(e) longitudinal stress and lateral strain. Ans: d
Ans: c 9. Modulus of rigidity is defined as the ratio of
4. The unit of Young's modulus is (a) longitudinal stress and longitudinal strain
(a) mm/mm (b) volumetric stress and volumetric strain
(b) kg/cm (c) lateral stress and lateral strain
(c) kg (d) shear stress and shear strain
(d) kg/cm2 (e) linear stress and lateral strain.
(e) kg cm2. Ans: d
Ans: d 10. If the radius of wire stretched by a load is
5. Deformation per unit length in the direction of doubled, then its Young's modulus will be
force is known as (a) doubled
(a) strain (b) halved
(b) lateral strain (c) become four times
(c) linear strain (d) become one-fourth
(d) linear stress (e) remain unaffected.
(e) unit strain. Ans: e
Ans: c 11. The ultimate tensile stress of mild steel
6. It equal and opposite forces applied to a body compared to ultimate compressive stress is
tend to elongate it, the stress so produced is (a) same
called (b) more
(a) internal resistance (c) less
(b) tensile stress (d) more or less depending on other factors
(e) unpredictable. Ans: d
Ans: b 17. True stress-strain curve for materials is
12. Tensile strength of a material is obtained by plotted between
dividing the maximum load during the test by (a) load/original cross-sectional area and change
the in length/original length
(a) area at the time of fracture (b) load/instantaneous cross-sectional area
(b) original cross-sectional area original area and log.
(c) average of (a) and (b) (c) load/instantaneous cross-sectional area and
(d) minimum area after fracture change in length/original length
(e) none of the above. (d) load/instantaneous area and instantaneous
Ans: b area/original area
13. The impact strength of a material is an index (e) none of the above.
of its Ans: b
(a) toughness 18. During a tensile test on a specimen of 1 cm
(b) tensile strength cross-section, maximum load observed was 8
(c) capability of being cold worked tonnes and area of crosssection at neck was 0.5
(d) hardness cm2. Ultimate tensile strength of specimen is
(e) fatigue strength. (a) 4 tonnes/cm2
Ans: a (b) 8 tonnes/cm2
14. The Young's modulus of a wire is defined as (c) 16 tonnes/cm2
the stress which will increase the length of wire (d) 22 tonnes/cm2
compared to its original (e) none of the above.
length Ans: b
(a) half 19. For steel, the ultimate strength in shear as
(b) same amount compared to in tension is nearly
(c) double (a) same
(d) one-fourth (b) half
(e) four times. (c) one-third
Ans: b (d) two-third
15. Percentage reduction of area in performing (e) one-fourth.
tensile test on cast iron may be of the order of Ans: b
(a) 50% 20. Which of the following has no unit
(b) 25% (a) kinematic viscosity
(c) 0% (b) surface tension
(d) 15% (c) bulk modulus
(e) 60%. (d) strain
Ans: c (e) elasticity.
16. The intensity of stress which causes unit Ans: d
strain is called 21. Which is the false statement about true
(a) unit stress stress-strain method
(b) bulk modulus (a) It does not exist
(c) modulus of rigidity (b) It is more sensitive to changes in both
(d) modulus of elasticity metallurgical and mechanical conditions
(e) principal stress. (c) It gives, a more accurate picture of the
ductility (e) 3 to 4.
(d) It can be correlated with stress-strain values Ans: c
in other tests like torsion, impact, combined 27. The buckling load for a given material
stress tests etc. depends on
(e) It can be used for compression tests as well. (a) slenderness ratio and area of cross-section
Ans: a (b) Poisson's ratio and modulus of elasticity
22. In a tensile test on mild steel specimen, the (c) slenderness ratio and modulus of elasticity
breaking stress as compared to ultimate tensile (d) slenderness ratio, area of cross-section and
stress is modulus of elasticity
(a) more (e) Poisson's ratio and slenderness ratio.
(b) less Ans: d
(c) same 28. The total elongation produced in a bar of
(d) more/less depending on composition uniform section hanging vertically downwards
(e) may have any value. due to its own weight is equal to
Ans: b that produced by a weight
23. If a part is constrained to move and heated, it (a) of same magnitude as that of bar and applied
will develop at the lower end
(a) principal stress (b) half the weight of bar applied at lower end
(b) tensile stress (c) half of the square of weight of bar applied at
(c) compressive stress lower end
(d) shear stress (d) one-fourth of weight of bar applied at lower
(e) no stress. end
Ans: c (e) none of the above.
24. Which of the following materials is most Ans: b
elastic 29. The property of a material by virtue of which
(a) rubber a body returns to its original, shape after
(b) plastic removal of the load is called
(c) brass (a) plasticity
(d) steel (b) elasticity
(e) glass. (c) ductility
Ans: d (d) malleability
25. The value of modulus of elasticity for mild (e) resilience.
steel is of the order of Ans: b
(a) 2.1xl05 kg/cm2 30. The materials which exhibit the same elastic
(b) 2.1 X 106 kg/cm2 properties in all directions are called
(c) 2.1 x 107 kg/cm2 (a) homogeneous
(d) 0.1 xl06 kg/cm2 (e) 3.8 x 106 kg/cm2. (b) inelastic
Ans: b (c) isotropic
26. The value of Poisson's ratio for steel is (d) isentropic
between (e) visco-elastic.
(a) 0.01 to 0.1 Ans: c
(b) 0.23 to 0.27 31. The value of Poisson's ratio for cast iron is
(c) 0.25 to 0.33 (a) 0.1 to 0.2
(d) 0.4 to 0.6 (b) 0.23 to 0.27
(c) 0.25 to 0.33 37. The percentage reduction in area of a cast
(d) 0.4 to 0.6 iron specimen during tensile test would be of the
(e) 3 to 4. order of
Ans: b (a) more than 50%
32. The property of a material which allows it to (b) 25—50%
be drawn into a smaller section is called (c) 10—25%
(a) plasticity (d) 5—10%
(b) ductility (e) negligible.
(c) elasticity Ans: e
(d) malleability 38. If a material expands freely due to heating it
(e) draw ability. will develop
Ans: b (a) thermal stresses
33. Poisson's ratio is defined as the ratio of (b) tensile stress
(a) longitudinal stress and longitudinal strain (c) bending
(b) longitudinal stress and lateral stress (d) compressive stress
(c) lateral stress and longitudinal stress (e) no stress.
(d) lateral stress and lateral strain Ans: e
(e) none of the above. 39. In a tensile test, near the elastic limit zone,
Ans: c the
34. For which material the Poisson's ratio is (a) tensile strain increases more quickly
more than unity (b) tensile strain decreases more quickly
(a) steel (c) tensile strain increases in proportion to the
(b) copper stress
(c) aluminium (d) tensile strain decreases in proportion to the
(d) cast iron stress
(e) none of the above. (e) tensile strain remains constant.
Ans: e Ans: a
35. The property of a material by virtue of which 40. The stress necessary to initiate yielding is
it can be beaten or rolled into plates is called (a) considerably greater than that necessary to
(a) malleability continue it
(b) ductility (b) considerably lesser than that necessary to
(c) plasticity continue it
(d) elasticity (c) greater than that necessary to stop it
(e) reliability. (d) lesser than that necessary to stop it
Ans: a (e) equal to that necessary to stop it.
36. The change in the unit volume of a material Ans: a
under tension with increase in its Poisson's ratio 41. In the tensile test, the phenomenon of slow
will , extension of the material, i. e. stress increasing
(a) increase with the time at a constant
(b) decrease load is called
(c) remain same (a) creeping
(d) increase initially and then decrease (b) yielding
(e) unpredictable. (c) breaking
Ans: b (d) plasticity
(e) none of the above. takes place more quickly as compared to the
Ans: a increase in load is called
42. The stress developed in a material at (a) elastic point of the material
breaking point in extension is called (b) plastic point of the material
(a) breaking stress (c) breaking point of the material
(b) fracture stress (d) yielding point of the material
(c) yield point stress (e) ultimate point of the material.
(d) ultimate tensile stress Ans: d
(e) proof stress. 48. In question 56, the internal reaction in
Ans: a bottom 80 cm length will be
43. Rupture stress is (a) same in both cases
(a) breaking stress (b) zero in first case
(b) maximum load/original cross-sectional area (c) different in both cases
(c) load at breaking point/A (d) data are not sufficient to determine same
(d) load at breaking point/neck area (e) none of the above.
(e) maximum stress. Ans: b
Ans: d 49. Flow stress corresponds to
44. The elasticity of various materials is (a) fluids in motion
controlled by its (b) breaking point
(a) ultimate tensile stress (c) plastic deformation of solids
(b) proof stress (d) rupture stress
(c) stress at yield point (e) none of the above.
(d) stress at elastic limit Ans: c
(e) tensile stress. 50. When it is indicated that a member is elastic,
Ans: d it means that when force is applied, it will
45. The ratio of lateral strain to the linear strain (a) not deform
within elastic limit is known as (b) be safest
(a) Young's modulus (c) stretch
(b) bulk modulus (d) not stretch
(c) modulus of rigidity (e) none of the above.
(d) modulus of elasticity Ans: c
(e) Poisson's ratio. 51. The energy absorbed in a body, when it is
Ans: e strained within the elastic limits, is known as
46. The ratio of direct stress to volumetric strain (a) strain energy
in case of a body subjected to three mutually (b) resilience
perpendicular stresses of (c) proof resilience
equal intensity, is equal to (d) modulus of resilience
(a) Young's modulus (e) toughness..
(b) bulk modulus Ans: a
(c) modulus of rigidity 52. Resilience of a material is considered when
(d) modulus of elasticity it is subjected to
(e) Poisson's ratio. (a) frequent heat treatment
Ans: b (b) fatigue
47. The stress at which extension of the material (c) creep
(d) shock loading 58. A material capable of absorbing large
(e) resonant condition. amount of energy before fracture is known as
Ans: d (a) ductility
53. The maximum strain energy that can be (b) toughness
stored in a body is known as (c) resilience
(a) impact energy (d) shock proof
(b) resilience (e) plasticity.
(c) proof resilience Ans: b
(d) modulus of resilience 59. Coaxing is the method of increasing
(e) toughness. (a) strength by reversible cycling
Ans: c (b) corrosion resistance by spraying
54. The total strain energy stored in a body is (c) hardness by surface treatment
termed as (d) fatigue resistance by over-stressing the metal
(a) resilience by successively increasing loadings
(b) proof resilience (e) creep by head treatment.
(c) modulus of resilience Ans:
(d) toughness 60. A beam is loaded as cantilever. If the load at
(e) impact energy. the end is increased, the failure will occur
Ans: a (a) in the middle
55. Proof resilience per material is known as (b) at the tip below the load
(a) resilience (c) at the support
(b) proof resilience (d) anywhere
(c) modulus of resilience (e) none of the above.
(d) toughness Ans: d
(e) impact energy. 61. A non-yielding support implies that the
Ans: c (a) support is frictionless
56. The stress induced in a body due to suddenly (b) support can take any amount of reaction
applied load compared to when it is applied (c) support holds member firmly
gradually is (d) slope of the beam at the support is zero
(a) same (e) none of the above.
(b) half Ans: d
(c) two times 62. The ratio of elongation in a prismatic bar due
(d) four times to its own weight (W) as compared to another
(e) none of the above. similar bar carrying an
Ans: c additional weight (W) will be
57. The strain energy stored in a body due to (a) 1:2
suddenly applied load compared to when it is (b) 1 : 3
applied gradually is (c) 1 : 4
(a) same (d) 1 : 2.5
(b) twice (e) 1 : 2.25.
(c) four times Ans: b
(d) eight times 63. In a prismatic member made of two
(e) half. materials so joined that they deform equally
Ans: c under axial stress, the unit stresses in
two materials are Ans: d
(a) equal 68. A riveted joint in which every rivet of a row
(b) proportional to their respective moduli of is opposite to other rivet of the outer row, is
elasticity known as
(c) inversely proportional to their moduli of (a) chain riveted joint
elasticity (b) diamond riveted joint
(d) average of the sum of moduli of elas-ticity (c) criss-cross riveted joint
(e) none of the above. (d) zig-zag riveted joint
Ans: b (e) none of the above.
64. In riveted boiler joints, all stresses, shearing, Ans: a
bearing and tensile are based on the 69. A riveted joint in which the number otrivets
(a) size of rivet decrease from innermost to outer most row is
(b) size of the drilled or reamed hole called
(c) average of size of rivet and hole (a) chain riveted joint
(d) smaller of the two (b) diamond riveted joint
(e) any one of the above. (c) criss-cross riveted joint
Ans: b (d) zig-zag riveted joint
65. The distance between the centres of the (e) none of the above.
rivets in adjacent rows of zig-zag riveted joint is Ans: b
known as 70. If the rivets in adjacent rows are staggered
(a) pitch and the outermost row has only one rivet, the
(b) back pitch arrangement of the rivets is
(c) diagonal pitch called
(d) diametral pitch (a) chain riveting
(e) lap. (b) zig zag riveting
Ans: c (c) diamond riveting
66. Efficiency of a riveted joint is the ratio of its (d) criss-cross riveting
strength (max. load it can resist without failure) (e) none of the above.
to the strength of the Ans: c
unpunched plate in 71. Diamond riveted joint can be adopted in the
(a) tension case of following type of joint
(b) compression (a) butt joint
(c) bearing (b) lap joint
(d) any one of the above (c) double riveted lap joints
(e) none of the above. (d) all types of joints
Ans: a (e) none of the above.
67. When two plates are butt together and Ans: a
riveted with cover plates with two rows of rivets, 72. Rivets are made of following type of
the joi;it is known as material
(a) lap point (a) tough
(b) butt joint (b) hard
(c) single riveted single cover butt joint (c) resilient
(d) double riveted double cover butt joint (d) ductile
(e) single riveted double cover butt joint. (e) malleable.
Ans: d (e) seamless section.
73. The weakest section of a diamond riveting is Ans: e
the section which passes through 78. Longitudinal stress in a thin cylinder is
(a) the first row (a) equal to the hoop stress
(b) the second row (b) twice the hoop stress
(c) the central row (c) half of the hoop stress
(d) one rivet hole of the end row (d) one-fourth of hoop stress
(e) none of the above. (e) four times the hoop stress.
Ans: d Ans: c
74. The deformation of a bar under its own 79. The safe twisting moment for a compound
weight compared to the deformation of same shaft is equal to the
body subjected to a direct load (a) maximum calculated value
equal to weight of the body is (b) minimum calculated value
(a) same (c) mean value
(b) double (d) extreme value
(c) half (e) none of the above.
(d) four times Ans: b
(e) one-fourth. 80. The torsional rigidity of a shaft is expressed
Ans: c by the
75. The force acting along the circumference (a) maximum torque it can transmit
will cause stress in the walls in a direction (b) number of cycles it undergoes before failure
normal to the longitudinal axis of (c) elastic limit up to which it resists torsion,
cylinder; this stress is called shear and bending stresses
(a) longitudinal stress (d) torque required to produce a twist of one
(b) hoop stress radian per unit length of shaft
(c) yeiled stress (e) maximum power it can transmit at highest
(d) ultimate stress possible-speed.
(e) none of the above. Ans: d
Ans: b 81. The value of shear stress which is induced in
76. A boiler shell 200 cm diameter and plate the shaft due to the applied couple varies
thickness 1.5 cm is subjected to internal pressure (a) from maximum at the center to zero at the
of 1.5 MN/m , then the hoop stress will be circumference
(a) 30 MN/m2 (b) from zero at the center to maximum at the
(b) 50 MN/m2 circumference
(c) 100 MN/m2 (c) from maximum at the center to mini-mum at
(d) 200 MN/m2 the cricumference
(e) 300 MN/m2. (d) from minimum at the centro to maxi-mum at
Ans: c the circumference
77. A cylindrical section having no joint is (e) none of the above.
known as Ans: b
(a) jointless section 82. A key is subjected to side pressure as well at
(b) homogeneous section shearing forces. These pressures are called
(c) perfect section (a) bearing stresses
(d) manufactured section (b) fatigue stresses
(c) crushing stresses
(d) resultant stresses
(e) none of the above.
Ans: a
83. In a belt drive, the pulley diameter is
doubled, the belt tension and pulley width
remaining same. The changes required in
key will be
(a) increase key length
(b) increase key depth
(c) increase key width
(d) double all the dimensions
(e) none of the above.
Ans: c
84. Shear stress induced in a shaft subjected to
tension will be
(a) maximum at periphery and zero at center
(b) maximum at center
(c) uniform throughout
(d) average value in center
(e) none of the above.
Ans: e