BASIC SIGNAL

COMMUNICATION
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
I. INTRODUCTION TO SIGNAL
COMMUNICATION
II. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF
COMMUNICATION
IV. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
V. FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIO
COMMUNICATION
VI. MILITARY PROWORDS
I. DEFINITION OF TERMS
 SIGNAL COMMUNICATION - IS A METHOD OR MEANS OR A
COMBINATION THEREOF OF CONVEYING INFORMATION FROM ONE
PERSON OR PLACE TO ANOTHER EXCEPT BY DIRECT CONVERSATION.
 MEANS OF COMMUNICATION - A MEDIUM BY WHICH A MESSAGE IS
CONVEYED FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER.
 AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION – A FACILITY WHICH EMBRACES THE
PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT TO PROVIDE SIGNAL COMMUNICATION
BY ANY PARTICULAR MEANS OR COMBINATION THEREOF.
 II. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
a. Commander Responsibility: The commander is responsible for
the installation and maintenance of communication system of his unit.
b. Superior to Subordinate : The higher or superior unit is
responsible for the installation and maintenance of communication
system of his unit.
c. Supporting to Supported : A unit supporting another unit is
responsible for the establishment and maintenance of communication
with the supported unit.
d. Reinforcing to Reinforce: A unit having reinforcing mission
is responsible for the establishment and maintenance of communication
to the unit being reinforced.
 II. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
e. Lateral Communication: Responsibility for the establishment of
lateral communication between adjacent unit is directed by the next higher
commander. In the absence of specific instruction or SOP. The
commander or left is responsible for the establishment of
communication with the unit of his right.
f. Maintenance of Communication: This require coordination and
participation of both unit. It is only through the joint effort of all concerned
that communication can be assured. If communication is disrupted, its
immediate restoration is the responsibility of all units affected.
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF
COMMUNICATION
1. Reliability: This is paramount in all circumstances.The term
includes accuracy of communication. This characteristic is achieved by
the application of the following techniques. References, accidents, enemy
actions as well as personnel and equipment failure, the communication
system is specially strengthened by the use of multiple means of
communication.
a. Alternate Routing: Communication system must be
planned to be provide routing between points in the system should not
convey in a single axis where the destruction of a single facility would
impair command and control.
b. Reserve Equipment: To readily replace a disrupted
portion of a communication system, reserve communication personnel
and equipment should be maintained at a centrally located point in the
communication system whenever possible. Over emphasis on economy
or ever commitment of a communication will seriously impair this
technique and decrease reliability and flexibility.
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF
COMMUNICATION
c. Training and Logistics: Thorough training of operators and
maintenance of personnel and rapidly responsive logistical support will
minimize human and equipment failure.
2. Speed : Communication speed is based on operational urgency,
ideally, the greatest speed would be attained if every user could
communicate directly with every other user of the communication
system. such system is not economical at present. As a result, a
common user communicate system is predominantly employed for the
majority of users. Various degrees of speed may be attained over a
common-user system by the use of precedence designation.
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION

3. Security : Maximum communication security is obtained by employing

every safeguard consistent with the operational requirement, effective
security depends on a proper balance between security controls and
operational urgency. Strict security must be observed at all time in static
situations while in fluid combat situations, relaxation of security may be
forced by conditions.
4. Flexibility : Communication means and systems should be feasible
and capable of supporting the degree of operational stress to which the
command could reasonably be subjected to in time of war. This characteristic
can be obtained through detailed advance communication planning.
Anticipation of requirements, and the maintenance of the communication
redundancy (multi-means) should be considered to support unforeseen
requirements.
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION
5. Restricted Use : Communication in a command exist for the
primary and explicit use of the commander and those he prescribes.
Their use for personal convenience should be discourage or at least
minimized. Communication is a tool of the commander and his staff in
order to carry out the mission effectively.
6. Appropriate Means : Some communication are more effective than
other certain circumstances. Selection of the most effective means
must be weight according to operational urgency, susceptibility to any
action and cost of resources. Urgency of the operational requirement
should be given more weight.
7. Dispersion: Units are dispersed to provide the enemy with portable
targets. The unit dispersed to provide the enemy with portable targets.
The unit dispersed according to their mission and the hostile thereat.
Communication facilities should therefore be similarly dispersed.
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION
8. Operational Simplicity : Communication system must be
operationally simple. Technical complexity causes misunderstanding
and delay. It may require higher training requirements on operating
personnel.
9. Integrated System : The means of signal communication for
combat supports units are generally organic. The organic
communication system of the smaller units and communication system of
higher level must be completely compatible to allow for integration and
use as a single entity.
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
 WIRE – IT IS USED AS THE PRINCIPAL MEANS OF
COMMUICATION IN ALL MILITARY UNITS.
THIS MEANS OF COMMO EMBRACES ALL EQUIPMENT
USED FOR LAYING RECOVRING WIRE, BATTERY OPERATED &
SOUND-POWERED TELEPHONES, SWITCH BOARDS & TELETYPE
EQUIPMENT WHEN THEIR USE IS AUTHORIZED.
THE OPERATING RANGE OF WIRE COMMO VARIES,
DEPENDING PRINCIPALLY ON THE WEATHER & THE CONDITION OF
WIRE.
WET WEATHER, POOR SPLICES, & DAMAGE INSULATION
ARE FACTORS THAT GREATLY REDUCE ITS OPERATING RANGE.
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

 RADIO – THIS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IS THE MOST

RAPID ONE. IT IS MOST FREQUENTLY USED FOR MAINTAINING
COMMAND, CONTROL, CONTACT & DIRECTION IN CONTACT.
THE RADIO HAS ONE DISTINCT ADVANTAGE OVER OTHER
MEANS OF COMMO. IT HAS A RELATIVELY HIGH DEGREE OF
MOBILITY & FLEXIBILITY, RESULTING FROM THE FACT THAT
PHYSICAL CIRCUITS ARE UNNECESSARY TO ESTABLISH COMMO
BETWEEN RADIO STATIONS
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

THE RADIO SET IS THE ONLY ADEQUATE MEANS OF

COMMO AVAILABLE IN THE FAST MOVING SITUATIONS, SUCH AS
ARMORED ATTACKS, AMPHIBIOUS OPERATION, NAVAL GUN FIRE
SUPPORT, SERIAL BOMBING & STRAFFING MISSION.
THE RADIO CAN BRIDGE GAPS IN A WIRE SYSTEM & CAN
PROVIDE COMMO ACCROSS A TERRAIN WHERE THE USE OF THE
OTHER MEANS OF COMMO IS NOT POSSIBLE.
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

 MESSENGER – THE USE OF MESSENGER AS A MEANS OF

COMMUNICATION IS PREFERRED OVER THE REST WHEN MAPS &
CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS ARE TO BE TRANSMITTED TO OTHER
OPERATING UNITS.
SINCE TIME IMMEMORIAL, MESSENGERS HAVE BEEN USED
AS A MEANS OF COMMO. IT IS NO LESS IMPORTANT TODAY AS IT
WAS IN TIMES GONE BY.
IT IS THE MOST SECRET MEANS USED BY INFANTRY UNITS.
MAPS & CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS ARE DELIVERED THROUGH
THIS MEANS. IT ALSO THE BEST MEANS FOR THE
TRANSMISSION OF LONG MESSAGES OVER SHORT DISTANCES.
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
 VISUAL SIGNAL – IS USED TO CONTROL THE ACTION OF A SMALL
UNIS. OVER THE YEARS, A VISUAL SIGNAL HAS BEEN RELEGATED TO
THE ROLE OF AN AUXILIARY MEANS OF COMMUNICATION.
ANY SIGNAL THAT IS RECEIVED BY THE EYE REGARDLESS OF
HOW IT IS TRANSMITTED, IS THE “COMMON SENSE” DEFINITION OF A
VISUAL SIGNAL.
FLAGS, SIGNAL FLARES, & SMOKE SIGNALS HAVE BEEN USED
THROUGHOUT THE AGES AS VISUAL MEANS OF COMMO HAVE BEEN
DEVELOPED. THESE INCLUDED LIGHT, PYROTECHNICS PANELS &
OTHERS.
THEY ARE MOST EFFECTIVE DURING DAY LIGHT OR UNDER
CONDITIONS OF CLEAR VISIBILITY. OTHERWISE, THEY ARE
INEFFECIENT MEANS OF COMMO.
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
 SOUND SIGNAL – THIS MEANS OF COMMUNICATIONS IS USED
PRIMARILY TO SPREAD ALARMS. NORMALLY, IT USED TO WARN
TROOPS OF AN IMPENDING HOSTILE AIR, MECHANIZED, OR GAS
ATTACK.
SIGNAL RECEIVED BY THE UNAIDED EAR, REGARDLESS OF
THE METHOD OF TRANSMISSION, ARE SOUND MEANS OF COMMO.
THEY MAY BE TRANSMITTED BY WHISTLES, BUGLER, HORNS,
WEAPONS, & OTHER NOISE-MAKING DEVICES. PRE-ARRANGED
MESSAGES ARE TRANSMITTED THROUGH THIS MEANS.
II. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
THEY ARE RAPID MEANS OF COMMUNICATION OVER SHORT
DISTANCE BUT THEIR EFFECTIVE RANGE IS GREATLY REDUCED
BY BATTLE NOISES.
LIKE VISUAL SIGNALS, THEY ARE NOT SECURE MEANS OF
COMMO. THEIR USE MAY BE PROHIBITED FOR SECURITY
REASONS.
FUNDAMENTAL OF RADIO
COMMUNICATION
1. RADIO NET
– A GROUP OF SEVERAL STATIONS WORKING TOGETHER IN THE
SAME FREQUENCY.
2. CALL SIGN
– A COMBINATION OF PRONOUNCEABLE WORDS THAT IDENTIFIES
THE FACILITY OR STATION.
3. INDIVIDUAL CALL SIGN
– THIS CALL SIGN IDENTIFIES A SINGLE CALL TO ANY STATION
WITHIN THE NET.
V. MILITARY PROWORDS
4. COLLECTIVE CALL SIGN
– THIS CALL SIGN IDENTIFIES TWO OR MORE STATIONS IN
PARTICULAR RADIO NET BUT NOT ALL STATIONS IN THE NET.
5. NET CALL SIGN
– THIS CALL SIGN INDETIFIES ALL RADIO STATION CALLING
.
RNSMITS THE IDENTIFY OF THE STATION CALLED AS WELL AS HIS
OWN IDENTITY.
6. PRO WORDS
– ARE PRONOUNCEABLE WORDS WHICH HAVE ASSIGNED
MEANING TO FACILITATE TRANSMISSION BY RADIO
COMMUNICATION.
V. MILITARY PROWORDS
A. OVER – MY TRANSMITION IS ENDED & I EXPECT A RESPONSE
FROM YOU
B. ROGER – I RECEIVED YOUR LAST MESSAGE STATISFACTORILY.
C. OUT – MY TRANSMISSION IS ENDED & I EXPECT NO RESPONSE
FROM YOU.
D. WILCO – I WILL COMPLY TO YOUR INSTRUCTION.
E. QUERY - CLARIFICATION.
F. LIMA CHARLIE – I RECEIVED YOUR MESSAGE LOUD & CLEAR.
V. MILITARY PROWORDS
G. SAY AGAIN - I DID NOT UNDERSTAND YOUR TRANSMISSION,
REQUEST REPEAT YOUR LAST TRANSMISSION.
H. REQUEST NET WITH – CAN I TALK WITH MSG NEMER OF TSG
OBENA.
I. WAIT ONE – REQUEST THAT YOU WAIT FOR A MINUTE.
J. READ BACK – READ BACK THE MESSAGE YOU HAVE COPIED.
K. RADIO SILENCE – CEASE TRANSMISSION IMMEDIATELY,
HOWEVER, KEEP ON LESTINING ON THE SAME FREQUENCY.
L. BREA-BREAK – STOP YOUR CONVERSATION & ALLOW ME TO
THIS NET TO TRANSMIT FOR AN URGENT MESSAGE.
PHONETIC ALPHABET
A - ALPHA J - JULIET S - SIERRA
B - BRAVO K – KILO T - TANGO
C - CHARLIE L – LIMA U -UNIFORM
D - DELTA M - MIKE V - VICTOR
E - ECHO N - NOVEMBER W - WHISKY
F - FOXTROT O - OSCAR X - X-RAY
G - GULF P - PAPA Y - YANKEE
H - HOTEL Q - QUEBIC Z - ZULU
I - INDIA R - ROMEO
NUMERICAL PRONOUNCIATION

1 - WUN 6 - SIX
2 - TA-O 7 - SEVEN
3 - THU-REE 8 - ATE
4 - FOWER 9 - NINER
5 - FI-YIV 0 - ZERO
 GOOD DAY !

11/26/2020