Endocrine of

the pancreas
Eman Alyaseen
20181081
INTRODUCTION

Pancreas
• The pancreas is an abdominal glandular
organ with both digestive (exocrine)
and hormonal (endocrine) functions.

• The pancreas is located behind the stomach

in the upper left abdomen

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Anatomical structure 01 04
Tail
Head lies within close proximity to the hilum of the
the widest part of the pancreas. It lies spleen, This is the only part of the pancreas
within the C-shaped curve created by

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that is intraperitoneal.

02
the duodenum

Uncinate process
Neck
located between the head and the a projection arising from the

03
body of the pancreas lower part of the head, lie beneath
the body of the pancreas.

Body
centrally located, crossing the
midline of the human body to lie
behind the stomach
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Pancreas relations

Stomach : Separated from Duodenum : The first part of the Spleen : located posteriorly and
the pancreas by the duodenum lies anteriorly whereas the laterally. The lienorenal ligament
lesser sac, lies second part of the duodenum lies is formed from peritoneum and
anterior to the laterally to the right of the pancreatic connects the spleen to the tail
pancreas head of the pancreas.

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Endocrine glands

Control metabolic
functions via
secretion of
hormones directly
into the blood

Organized in
groups usually
facing capillaries
( fenestrated)

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Endocrine of the pancreases

01 consists of islet cells (islets of

Langerhans) that create and release
important hormones directly into the
bloodstream

02 Two of the main pancreatic hormones

are insulin, which acts to lower blood
sugar, and glucagon, which acts to raise
blood sugar

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Islets of langerhans are distributed
throughout the pancreas, there are more
in the tail
Cell types on islets of langerhans

Alpha cells : peripheral

Beta cells : central

PP cells : pancreatic polypeptides

Delta cells

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