WHY IS ABORTION WRONG?

NOTES
1. Who has done abortion before?
2. Based on the question being asked, there was no
specification the type of abortion we are to talk
on. Abortion could be used in different contexts
since it means to terminate something. One could
abort:
 a journey
 a pregnancy
 a vision
 an academic pursuit
 a mission
 a marriage
3. Using the general knowledge of the word
abortion and its usage in everyday life, we would
base our emphasis on the abortion that deals with
pregnancy.
4. Who told you abortion is wrong?
5. Why do people abort?
6. Who really is committing the abortion? The boy,
the girl or the doctor?
7. A woman who was raped finds out she is
pregnant for the person she doesn’t know and she
then decides to carry out an abortion, is it wrong
for her to go for an abortion? Suppose she is
raped by more than a man, is it wrong for her to
go for an abortion?
8. If a woman is being raped by the person she
loves finds out she’s pregnant and isn’t ready to
carry a child (keep the baby or ready for
motherhood) at that time, is it wrong for her to
go for abortion? Suppose her lover isn’t ready to
take responsibility, could she go for abortion?
9. Is abortion within the marriage wrong since that
outside marriage is wrong?
10. A woman almost lost her life during a pregnancy,
3 weeks after she was delivered of the baby she
took in again. Is it advisable for her to keep the
pregnancy or carry out an abortion considering
what she had pass through?
11. In a situation where a woman finds out that
either her life or her unborn child could be lost or
both their lives could be lost in the course of the
pregnancy, could she undergo an abortion?
12. Would you call an attempt to remove a dead
child from the womb of a woman, abortion?
13. Who is affected in the cause of an abortion?
14. Is there any conclusion for abortion on God’s
standard or in the bible?
15. What are the views of various people and
professions about abortion?
16. What is the moral, physical, religious,
psychological, health, mental and social
implications of abortion?
17. Why is abortion wrong?
18. Is there a conclusion to the question?
DEFINITION
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the
removal or expulsion from the uterus of a foetus or
embryo, resulting in or caused by its death.
An abortion can occur spontaneously due to
complications during pregnancy or can be induced,
in humans and other species. In the context of
human pregnancies, an abortion induced to
preserve the health of the pregnant female is
termed a therapeutic abortion, while an abortion
induced for any other reason is termed an elective
abortion. The term abortion most commonly refers
to the induced abortion of a human pregnancy,
while spontaneous abortions are usually termed
miscarriages.

1. Spontaneous Abortion
Not every fertilized ovum develops and matures
according to the schedule outlined above.
Pregnancies may end at many points in this course
of development. Spontaneous abortions occur most
frequently at the time when implantation must take
place if the new life is to survive. For any of a
number of possible reasons - improper hormone
levels in the mother, some abnormality in the
uterus caused by infection or scar tissue, incapacity
due to genetic defect of the fertilized ovum to
sustain itself, an incomplete process of fertilization
- abortion will often occur at this point.
Spontaneous abortions, usually referred to as
miscarriages, are less likely after the first three
months of gestational development.

2. Induced Abortion
Today, however, the word "abortion" is used most
often to refer to action aimed at bringing pregnancy
to an end. This type of abortion uses drugs or
instruments to stop the normal course of pregnancy

Types of Induced Abortion

a. During the first trimester of pregnancy an

induced abortion will usually be done by means
of dilatation and curettage (D & C). The
abortionist uses a loop shaped knife to cut the
baby into pieces and scrape the uterine wall. The
baby's body parts are then removed and checked
to make sure that no pieces were left in the
mother's womb.
b. Menstrual Extraction (endometrial or vacuum
aspiration) is used for most abortions performed
during the first trimester. It is done by suctioning
out the lining of the uterus (endometrium)
through a thin opening of the undilated cervix. It
is a method used after a woman has just missed a
period, or anytime up to about the eight week of
pregnancy. It can be performed safely in the
doctor's office and has a very low rate of
mortality.
c. Suction aspiration is the procedure most often
used in the first trimester of pregnancy (the first
three months). The abortionist inserts a suction
tube (similar to a vacuum hose with an extremely
sharp end) into the mother's womb. The suction
and cutting edge dismember the baby while the
hose sucks the body parts into a collection bottle.
d. After the first trimester induced abortion is more
difficult and less safe for the mother. A method
known as Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is
used to kill babies in the second trimester (24+
weeks). The abortionist uses a forceps to grab
parts of the baby (arms and legs) and then tears
the baby apart. The baby's head must be crushed
in order to remove it because the skull bone has
hardened by this stage in the baby's growth.
e. A different method - known as saline abortion -
is also used for second trimester abortions. A
needle is inserted through the woman's abdomen
into the amniotic sac ("bag of waters"), and some
amniotic fluid is drawn off and replaced with a
concentrated salt solution. This poisoned solution
asphyxiates the foetus. Normally the mother will
then go into labour and deliver a usually dead
foetus.
f. A more recent version of a similar method
involves the injection of prostaglandins, which
also induce labour and delivery. This method is
considerably more likely than the saline method
to result in the delivery of a living (and if the
 pregnancy is advanced enough, possibly viable)
child.
g. An induced abortion beyond the second trimester
will often require a surgical procedure called
hysterotomy. The procedure is technically
similar to a Caesarian section (C-section) -
except that the intent here is abortion rather than
delivery of a child. It is complicated by the fact
that a foetus aborted by hysterotomy may
possibly still be viable when he or she is
removed from the womb and the placenta is
severed. Hence, this procedure raises serious
legal questions about the physician's
responsibility not just to the mother but to the
possibly viable infant.
h. Dilation and extraction (also known as D&X
or partial-birth abortion) is a method used to
kill babies well into the third trimester (as late as
32 weeks old), the abortionist reaches into the
mother's womb, grabs the baby's feet with a
forceps and pulls the baby out of the mother,
except for the head. The abortionist then jams a
pair of scissors into the back of the baby's head
and spreads the scissors apart to make a hole in
the baby's skull. The abortionist removes the
scissors and sticks a suction tube into the skull to
suck the baby's brain out. The forceps are then
used to crush the baby's head and the abortionist
pulls the baby's body out the rest of the way.
While some abortion procedures involve less risk
than others, any abortion may involve
complications. Immediate complications may
include infection, hemorrhage, cervical damage,
perforation of the uterus - any of which could
endanger the life of the mother or prevent future
pregnancies. Delayed complications may include
sterility, greater chance of premature delivery in
subsequent pregnancies (which may, in turn, cause
physical or mental defects in the prematurely born
child), and an increased incidence of ectopic (tubal)
pregnancies. Finally, we should note that
tcomplications are not merely medical or
physiological; they may also be emotional and
psychological, for even a carefully considered
decision for abortion can later be cause for intense
guilt and deep regret.

WHO DOES ABORTION AFFECT?

There is a common misconception about what
abortion does to individuals and to our society as a
whole. Many people believe that women can have
an abortion, and that it won't further affect anyone
after the termination of the pregnancy. This is
untrue. The person that abortion affects the most is
the foetus itself. The foetus' life is terminated,
oftentimes painfully, and it will never have the
opportunity to experience the happiness of life.
However the effects don't stop at just the foetus.
After the foetus, the person most affected by
abortion is the mother. Abortion can affect women
in many ways after the abortion has taken place.
While the woman and the child are the two people
most directly affected by the abortion issue, others
are affected as well.

BIBLICAL VIEW OF ABORTION

That being said, we must begin by acknowledging

that the Bible doesn't say anything about abortion
directly. Why the silence of the Bible on abortion?
The answer is simple. Abortion was so unthinkable
to an Israelite woman that there was no need to
even mention it in the criminal code. Why was
abortion an unthinkable act? First, children were
viewed as a gift or heritage from the Lord. Second,
the Scriptures state--and the Jews concurred--that
God opens and closes the womb and is sovereign
over conception. Third, childlessness was seen as a
curse.

Human beings are created in the image and

likeness of God (Gen. 1:26-27; 5:1; 9:6). Bearing
the image of God is the essence of humanness. And
though God's image in man was marred at the fall,
it was not erased (cf. 1 Corinthians 11:7; James
3:9). Thus, the unborn baby is made in the image of
God and therefore fully human in God's sight.
This verse also provides support for what is called
the traducian view of the origin of the soul.
According to this perspective, human beings were
potentially in Adam (Rom. 5:12, Heb. 7:9-10) and
thus participated in his original sin. The "soulish"
part of humans is transferred through conception.
Therefore, an unborn baby is morally accountable
and thus fully human.
Another argument against abortion can be found in
the Old Testament legal code, specifically Exodus
21:22-25.
“If men who are fighting hit a pregnant
woman and she gives birth prematurely
but there is no serious injury, the
offender must be fined whatever the
woman's husband demands and the
court allows. But if there is serious
injury, you are to take life for life, eye
for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand,
foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for
wound, and bruise for bruise.”

The verses appear to teach that if a woman gives

birth prematurely, but the baby is not injured, then
only a fine is appropriate. However, if the child
dies then the law of retaliation (lex talionis) should
be applied. In other words, killing an unborn baby
would carry the same penalty as killing a born
baby. A baby inside the womb has the same legal
status as a baby outside the womb.

Some commentators have come to a different

conclusion because they believe the first verses
only refer to a case of accidental miscarriage. Since
only a fine is levied, they argue that an unborn
baby is merely potential life and does not carry the
same legal status as a baby that has been born.
There are at least two problems with this
interpretation. First, the normal Hebrew word for
miscarry is not used in this passage (cf. Gen. 31:38;
Exod. 23:26; Job 2:10; Hos. 9:14). Most
commentators now believe that the action
described in verse 22 is a premature birth not an
accidental miscarriage. Second, even if the verses
do describe a miscarriage, the passage cannot be
used to justify abortion. The injury was accidental,
not intentional (as abortion would be). Also, the
action was a criminal offense and punishable by
law.

MEDICAL VIEW OF ABORTION

Abortion is the focus of some of the most intense

social, cultural, political, religious, and ethical
debates in modern American society. Some regard
abortion as something people should be able to
choose while others say abortion is a great evil
which is destroying the moral fabric of society.
Many of the debates turn on the status of the
foetus: Is a foetus a person? Does a foetus have
moral or legal rights? How we define a person and
the foetus may decide the abortion debates.

Homo sapiens:
The simplest definition of a person may be “a
member of the species homo sapiens, the human
species.” The foetus obviously has the same DNA
as everyone else and can’t possibly be classified as
any species other than homo sapiens, so isn’t it
obviously a person? Assigning rights on the basis
of species, however, merely begs the question of
the nature of rights and what rights mean to us. The
equation of rights with the human species is simple,
but perhaps too simple.

DNA vs. Environment in Shaping a Person:

One premise in the argument that homo sapiens are
the same as persons with rights is the idea who we
are today was all present in a fertilized ovum
because all our DNA was there. This is wrong.
Much of what we are, even physical traits like
fingerprints, is not determined by DNA. An
embryo may or may not split into twins or more.
Twins, identical or fraternal, may join during
development, leading to a single person with more
than one set of DNA. Environment counts for much
of what we are.
A medical argument against abortion, surround the
definition of life and death. If one set of criteria
have been used to define death, could they also be
used to define life? Death used to be defined by the
cessation of heartbeat. A stopped heart was a clear
sign of death. If the cessation of heartbeat could
define death, could the onset of a heartbeat define
life? The heart is formed by the 18th day in the
womb. If heartbeat was used to define life, then
nearly all abortions would be outlawed.

Opponents to abortion also raise the controversial

issue of foetal pain. Does the foetus feel pain
during abortion? The evidence seems fairly clear
and consistent. Consider this statement made in a
British medical journal: "Try sticking an infant
with a pin and you know what happens. She opens
her mouth to cry and also pulls away. Try sticking
an 8-week-old human foetus in the palm of his
hand. He opens his mouth and pulls his hand away.
A more technical description would add that
changes in heart rate and foetal movement also
suggest that intrauterine manipulations are painful
to the foetus."

Obviously, other medical criteria could be used.

For example, the developing foetus has a unique set
of fingerprints as well as genetic patterns that make
it unique. The development of sonography has
provided us with a "window to the womb" showing
us that a person is growing and developing in the
mother's womb. We can discern eyes, ears, fingers,
a nose, and a mouth. Our visual senses tell us this is
a baby growing and maturing. This is not a piece of
protoplasm; this is a baby inside the womb.

A PATHOLOGIST’S VIEW OF ABORTION

a) Take the most obvious type of abortion that can
be considered "wrong" or murder. The "partial
birth abortion' procedure is taking the life of an
infant that would be completely viable if born at
that instant. There is absolutely no way to justify
that horrific 'procedure' that then cuts the back of
the head that was partially delivered and the
brains were scrambled using stainless steel
instruments, and evacuated with a suction. This
is clearly murder. This is clearly unlike the usual
practice of medicine. Does the baby have a
'choice'? This fully formed baby needs no
respirator and could go home shortly after birth.
b) What about earlier gestational age foetuses and
even embryos? As a pathologist, I have seen
many spontaneous abortions, 'products of
conception'. At even less than 12 weeks
gestation, the foetus is incredibly complex and
human. It is nowhere near our 'developed' state
but it is clearly different from other types of
"tissue". The DNA is clearly, from the moment
of conception, completely unique from everyone
else on earth. It has taken us thousands of years
 to obtain the capability of in-vitro fertilization.
God performs this miracle thousands of times
daily.
c) What about the mother's 'choice'? The argument
that she has the right to choose what happens to
her own body is markedly flawed. The same
ones who want to give a woman the right for an
abortion would condemn women for smoking
and fight what was her 'choice', clearly affecting
her own body. In abortion, the baby is clearly
separate in content and being than the mother. It
is only riding with the mother for a few months.
As Christians, we should protect the helpless,
including the unborn individual as it grows.
Why doesn't anyone expose that the reason for an
abortion is simply selfishness? The mother's
'choice' is simply what inconvenience she wants
to escape.
It has also being known from the early day of
medical sciences that helping a patient with the
process of abortion is unethical and mostly done by
Hippocratic physicians.

PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF ABORTION

The central issue in the abortion debate is the moral
status of the conspectus. There are two positions
that argue this issue. At one extreme are the views
of the pro-life group which argues that human life
begins at the moment of conception whilst at the
other are views of the pro-choice group that argues
in favour of a woman's right to self-determination.
Two basic principles come into conflict in this
debate, namely the Value of Life and that of Self-
determination.
The definition of personhood is one of the most
important arguments concerning abortion. If we are
able to define when personhood begins
(personhood meaning being he as a human being)
then it is possible to determine when or if abortion
is morally justifiable. John Noonan and Mary Anne
Warren each have compelling arguments about the
question of personhood but they express very
different views.

In his argument, John T. Noonan states that

conception is the point at which the fetus is
considered human because any other point would
be considered arbitrary. Noonan claims that his
argument is not arbitrary because of the probability
that the fetus will develop into a human being. He
argues that fetuses should be classified as human
beings because of the presence of a full genetic
code and the potential capacity for rational thought.
(Social Ethics; pp.8) If you are conceived by
human parents and have the presence of a full
genetic code then you become human at the point
of conception, therefore it is morally wrong to kill
a foetus because a foetus is a human being.
Contrary to Noonan's argument, Mary Anne
Warren states that you can only be considered a
human being if you are a full member of the moral
community. In order to be a full member of the
moral community you must have five specific traits
that are central to personhood. The five traits are:
 consciousness (of objects and events external
and/or internal to the being), and in particular
the capacity to feel pain
 reasoning (the developed capacity to solve new
and relatively complex problems)
 self-motivated activity (activity which is
relatively independent of either genetic or
direct external control)
 the capacity to communicate, by whatever
means, messages of an indefinite variety of
types, that is, not just with an indefinite
number of possible contents, but on an
indefinitely many possible topics
 the presence of self-concepts, and self-
awareness, either individual or racial or both

PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEW OF ABORTION

The damage being done

The immediate reaction after an abortion may be
relief - no more fear of the unknown. But what
about later - one month, one year, ten years later?
In-depth studies are reporting consistent findings.
The psychological damage is taking the following
forms: guilt, anxiety, depression, a sense of loss,
hostility, suicide. And women suffer from not one
but a combination of these difficulties. This trauma
is recognised as a psychological stress disorder.

a)Guilt
Guilt over an abortion is a frequent reaction - a
reaction that may smolder for years. Women
confronting their guilt make such statements as "I
murdered a baby." Many symptoms can result from
unresolved guilt. Some are depression, self-
accusation, complexes or fears of infertility and of
sex.

b)Anxiety
Anxiety often is felt very keenly and expressed by
women in the post-abortion period. Women cry,
"I'm going crazy," or "I'm always fearful." Many
women are anxious about physical complications.
Often they are worried that they may never have
another child. In some cases there are no symptoms
of physical problems. In other cases there are, such
as miscarriages or tubal pregnancies.

c) Depression
Women often describe symptoms of depression
when telling of their feelings about their abortion
experiences. Many feel completely immobilised.
They haven't been interested in anyone or anything
since their abortion. They don't talk to anyone, they
don't go to work, and they don't function
adequately in any area of life. In short, they are
alienated from those around them and feel they
have no one to confide in.
In their depression, many women find they have
been crying since their abortions. They state, "I cry
all the time." Others have insomnia and nightmares
about little boys or girls the age their children
would have been. Some have constant, distressing
flashbacks of the abortion procedure.
During depressions occurring in the mid-decades of
a patient's life, therapists frequently hear
expressions of remorse and guilt concerning
abortions that occurred 20 or more years earlier.
And the patient's psychological pain from the
abortion surfaces as she discusses another problem,
the one that brought her to the therapist.
A family who has experienced prenatal detection of
an abnormality and has chosen abortion is also at
risk of emotional trauma. Studies indicate that the
incidence of depression following such selective
abortion may be as high as 92 percent among
women and 82 percent among men and is greater
than that associated with the delivery of a stillborn.
The cause of the preborn's death makes the
difference. A stillbirth usually is regarded as an
unfortunate accident; in selective abortion, the
baby's death is the result of a premeditated choice.

d)Loss
When a post-abortive woman is allowed to grieve,
she articulates a sense of loss. Women describe a
number of reactions. "I cannot look at babies, little
children or pregnant women," or "I'm jealous of
mothers," or "I want to get pregnant again to
replace my lost baby."
Often women are simultaneously experiencing
other losses that serve to increase their pain. Their
relationship with their sexual partner has
deteriorated or even been destroyed since the
abortion. There is much distress and confusion over
husbands or boyfriends abandoning them after their
abortions or lacking concern about their emotional
pain.
Another loss is that of self-esteem and of values
that the women cherished before their abortions but
found obliterated by their abortions. They are
disappointed in themselves for going against their
previously held values. They describe themselves
now as "violent" or "not worthy of love or of
children" or "copping out."

e) Anger
Anger is strongly felt and expressed toward people
involved in the abortion: themselves, counselors,
physicians, boyfriends and spouses, for example.
Anger is directed toward doctors and counselors
who "don't present the other side of the picture" or
"don't warn of the possible physical and emotional
problems."
Husbands and boyfriends cause anger when they
don't support their partner who desperately needs
help and understanding, or when they have
encouraged or forced the woman to have an
abortion.
Women are not only disappointed in themselves
but angry with themselves when they feel they
went against their previously held values.
Along with the anger are feelings of being misled
and exploited by the so-called professionals they
went to for help before and after their abortions.
Many women state they were given misinformation
such as "your pregnancy is only tissue," or "don't
think of it as killing, only as getting your period
going again."
Women are angry, hostile and resentful because
they are not informed about prenatal development,
abortion methods and their risks - physical and
psychological - and alternatives to abortion.
Women say they were made to feel like helpless,
powerless "victims" and still feel that way in their
interactions.
Women who regret having abortions, and feel they
were exploited by counselors, doctors, husbands or
boyfriends who pushed abortion as a solution to
problems, are founding post-abortion counseling
groups. The founding women and those who
continue to join the groups discover they all have
problems, especially with guilt and depression, and
feel what they did is wrong. These counseling
groups help women for whom pregnancy poses a
problem by providing the needed assistance to
bring a baby safely to term and to care for him or
her adequately after delivery.

f) Suicide
A growing problem is suicide after an abortion. An
increasing number of attempted and successful
suicides by women on the approximate date their
babies would have been born had they not aborted
them is being reported by physicians, researchers
and counselors. The highest rate is for 15 to 24
year-olds.
Those who have aborted are telling us they pay a
psychological price. Their views of themselves,
their relationships, their emotional stability and
their ability to effectively cope with life are
damaged, sometimes beyond repair. The emotional
reactions are both immediate and long term.
Psychologically, women are in states of crisis. And
the psychological aftermath of abortion extends
beyond the one who has aborted to affect
significant others in her life.
Denial of the psychological complications of
abortion by abortion advocates demonstrates a lack
of concern for women and further exploitation of
them. Women are not well-informed or prepared
for the psychological problems created by abortion,
and then when they are suffering from these
difficulties, they are told their pain does not exist.
This denial prevents the offering of assistance, and
the lack of needed help denies recovery, thereby
maintaining the existence of psychologically
incapacitated women.

A Foetus Is More Than A Piece Of Tissue.

Yes, there has been argument over this issue for
centuries.
a) Regarding Science and Medicine: Currently, all
valid science and medicine is 100% clear that a
foetus is a person. Practically, 100% of a person's
genetic makeup is determined at the moment of
conception. Science and medicine define being a
person (human) by genetic means. According to
science and medicine, a foetus is a distinct
organism.
b) Regarding Religion: Religion, on the other
hand, is not as clearly defined as medicine and
science, because religion introduces the soul into
the situation. However, no religious leader would
say that a foetus does not have a soul and that
because of this a foetus may be capriciously
aborted. Religious opinion is slowly beginning to
accept science and medicine. Any religious
leader with a strong practical grounding in
scientific knowledge will have to admit that
every embryo has a soul. However, regardless of
when a person gains a soul, religious opinion
does not show any support at all for abortion. In
 fact, religion is one of the strongest opponents of
abortion.
c) Regarding Philosophy: Philosophical opinion
does show some variety regarding when a baby
becomes a person. This is due solely to the fact
that most philosophy is of ancient origin.
Regardless of whether a philosopher believes
ancient philosophies (which were developed
before the discovery of cells, heredity, and
DNA), the philosopher would not support
capricious abortions.
d) Conclusion: Neither science, nor medicine, nor
religion, nor philosophy supports capricious
abortions. In fact, there is a narrow band of belief
in science, medicine, religion, and philosophy
that life is valuable, should be supported, and
should not be killed when the killing is
reasonably avoided. In fact, those who believe
strongly in science, in medicine, in religion, or in
philosophy are some of the strongest opponents
of abortion.
e) Regarding Choice: Currently, some small
groups run large campaigns to convince people
that women have a "right to choose" to abort
their babies. This is absurd. The choice comes in
when the women decide to have risky sex. When
people make choices, they must accept certain
ramifications of these choices. Sometimes,
people don't want to accept the ramifications of
their choices, and try to find an unethical means
 to avoid taking responsibility for their actions.
(By the way, how can any woman with a
conscience abort her baby?)
f) Regarding Rights: No one is saying that babies
should have "rights equal to or superior to a
woman's". That would be absurd. Pro-life
proponents are simply saying that babies have a
right to life. That is all. A right to life. If anyone
can tell me how a baby having a right to life in
any way makes its "rights equal to or superior to
a woman's", I would greatly appreciate being
informed about this!
g) Regarding Development: You imply that a
foetus is not "a thinking, feeling, conscious
human being." Current, valid science indicates
that a foetus is not a senseless mass of tissue, as
some people have believed in the past. "The
beginning of the foetal period is arbitrarily
designated by most embryologists to occur eight
weeks after fertilization. At this time, the embryo
is nearly one and one-half inches long. Few, if
any, major new structures are formed thereafter;
development during the foetal period of gestation
consists of the maturation of structures formed
during the embryonic period." In other words,
the basic structure of the baby has already been
formed! The baby has a small brain. The baby
can feel pain. The baby can feel vibrations. The
baby has vague vision and hearing. The baby has
reactions which indicate a simple intelligence.
 Who knows whether a baby is conscious at this
point? Admittedly, the baby is undeveloped
enough at this point that its sensations and
thoughts are not similar to adults'. However, the
baby is a thinking, feeling human being, though
admittedly undeveloped.
h) Regarding Diminishment: For women to have
the legal right to freely take the lives of their
babies, whether on a whim, for their own selfish
reasons, or for their own selfish comfort, "is
arrogant and absurd".

TEN (10) REASONS WHY ABORTION IS

WRONG
a. All life is sacred
b.A foetus can feel
c. Abortion is murder
d.No one except god can take away life
e. Abortion clinics rely on taxpayers money
f. Rape is not an excuse
g. Incest is not an excuse
h.A disabled baby is not an excuse
i. The mother being mentally unstable is not an
excuse
j. Abortion is an anagram of 'iron boat'

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on_affect.html
http://www.mrdata.net/books/9reasons.htm
http://www.all.org/article.php?id=10122