LEGAL MEDICINE

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PRELIMS-FINALS
PRELIMS b. Socrates
QUIZ 1 c. Bertillon
1. The best kind of evidence is one which proves the fact without d. Antiustus
aid of any inference or presumption. This type of evidence is
known as: 10. The Barangay has jurisdiction in cases of disputes between the
a. Imagined Evidence head of the family and the household helper with regards to
b. Fabricated Evidence wages.
c. Direct Evidence a. True
d. Circumstancial Evidence b. False

2. This is a field of law concerned with pleadings, practice and QUIZ 2

procedure. 1. An accused is made to undergo a polygraph examination.
a. Mercantile Law While undergoing the test, he was made to answer questions like
b. Civil Law his name and his address. At the end of the examination, it was
c. Remedial Law found that he was lying. The type of question being asked of the
d. Criminal Law accused are known as:
a. Irrelevant
3. Who has jurisdiction over cases where the amount in dispute is b. Control
less than 100,000 Pesos? c. Peak of Tension
a. Municipal Trial Court d. Relevant
b. Regional Trial Court
c. Supreme Court 2. This refers to variance between individuals in the level of their
d. Court of Appeals autonomic arousal which is noted in polygraph testing.
a. autonomic lability
4. This is a field of law concerned with pleadings, practice and b. autonomic psychopathy
procedure. c. autonomic instability
a. Mercantile Law d. autonomic aganglionosis
b. Criminal Law
c. Civil Law 3. Quickness of answering is an indicator of truthfulness in the
d. Remedial Law conduct of word association test.
a. True
5. Who is considered as the father of legal medicine? b. False
a. Antiustus
b. His Yuan Lu 4. When the interviewer goes to an interview with an accusatory
c. Paola Zacchia attitude, the person is put on the defensive. This is known as
d. Pedro Solis ___________________
a. Relevant Error
6. What is being referred to when cases which has been decided b. Parallax Error
with finality by a court of competent jurisdiction shall be deemed c. There is no such error
final and shall prohibit a subsequent refiling. The decision shall be d. Othello Error
respected by the Courts
a. Ratio decidendi 5. A notorious terrorist named John Wayne was captured in the
b. Dura lex Sed LEx Philippines by members of the Special Action Force. He was
c. Res Judicata turned over to members of the CIA who performed enhanced
d. Caso fortuito interrogation on him, While he was captured, he was deprived of
oxygen by placing his head in a plastic bag and tortured with
7. What is the quantum of proof required in criminal cases electricity. These are example of ________________________.
a. Proof beyond reasonable doubt a. Mental Torture
b. Preponderance of evidence b. Physical Torture
c. Overwhelming Evidence c. Spiritual Torture
d. Substancial Evidence d. Psychological Torture

8. The medicolegal expert differs from the ordinary physician in the 6. The following is not a parameter which is monitored by a
following ways except: polygraph machine.
a. The point of view is of causation of injuries a. Heart rate
b. Records all injuries including small ones b. Brainwave pattern
c. They are physicians. c. Blood pressure
d. His purpose is to testify before an investigative body to d. Respiratory rate
give justice to whom it is due e. Sweating

9. Who conducted the autopsy of Julius Caesar? 7. Which of the following is considered Truth Serum?
a. Paola Zacchia a. Hyoscine hydrobromide

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b. Sodium Penthotal 6. This is an old term which refers to a verbal, accurate and
c. Ethanol picturesque description of the person identified that was
d. Sodium Amytal pioneered by Alphonse Bertillon.
a. Artist Sketch
8. In which of the following test is the quickness of answering the b. Mugshot
parameter to be measured? c. Picture Identification
a. Psychological Stress Evaluator d. Portrait Parle'
b. Guilt Complex Test
c. Word Association Test 7. Which principle is considered the cornerstone of Forensic
d. Polygraph Examination Science and is the basis of trace analysis?
a. Immutability Principle
9. Which of the following was discovered by Olaf Lippold? b. Relativity Principle
a. Autonomic Lability c. Locard's Principle
b. Psychopathic Liars d. Multiplicity Principle
c. Microtremors
d. Natural Liars 8. Who was the first European to recognize the value of fingerprints
in identification?
10. Among the motivations for committing deception, which is a. Sir William Herchel
involved in resource protection? b. Sir William Gladstone
a. Relational c. John Vucetich
b. Illusional d. Sir Francis Galton
c. Instrumental
d. Identity 9. How many points of comparison must match for positive
identification using fingerprints?
QUIZ ON IDENTIFICATION a. 2
1. When a mass grave was discovered, the forensic anthropologist b. 4
was required to determine the sex of the victims. Which of the c. 6
following bones yields the greatest information for this purpose? d. 8
a. Sternum
b. Femur 10. What substance in fingerprint residue does Ninhydrin react
c. Pelvis with?
d. Skull a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
2. In cases where the CSIs need to document shoe tread patterns, c. Amino Acids
which is the reagent of choice? d. Chloride
a. Plaster of Paris
b. Dental Stone 11. What is the second most reliable means of identification?
c. Cement a. Anthropology
d. Plexiglass b. Serology
c. Fingerprinting
3. Which of the following techniques of fingerprint visualization d. Odontology
used super glue?
a. Special Illumination 12. When Starch-Iodine test is utilized, what substance is being
b. None of the following tested?
c. Chemical Methods a. Saliva
d. Physical Methods b. Feces
c. Urine
4. Which of the following eyewitness description can apply to both d. Blood
subjects that are either alive or dead.
a. Facial Hair 13. What is responsible in blood for the basic pH of the sample in
b. Body Ornamentation the Kastle-Mayer Test?
c. Tattoo Marks a. Peroxidase-like activity of the heme group
d. Frequent Places Visited b. Hexokinase of the RBC
c. Endonuclease
5. How near do you have to be such that you can identify a known d. Polymerase
person using only the light from the moon?
a. 10-13 yards 14. What allows for the creation of multiple copies of DNA in STR
b. 100 yards Analysis?
c. 25 yards a. CRISPR
d. 16-17 yards b. Electrophoresis
c. RFLP
d. PCR

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15. What test determines if the sperm is of human origin or not? 10. This is defined as the injury, disease or the combination thereof,
a. Biological Test of Farnum responsible for initiating the trend which produced the fatal
b. Christmas Tree Stain sequelae.
c. Acid Phosphatase a. Violent Death
d. Prostatic Surface Antigen b. Natural Death
c. None of the choices
LEGAL ASPECTS OF DEATH d. Cause of Death
1. This is a comprehensive study of a dead body, performed by a
trained physician employing recognized dissection techniques. MIDTERMS
a. Autopsy MEDICOLEGAL ASPECTS OF DEATH
b. Neither 1. What is the gold standard in determining cardio respiratory
c. Both death?
d. Post mortem examination a. EEG
b. Icards Test
2. This is the intentional killing of one's relatives. c. Magnus Test
a. Murder d. ECG
b. Homicide
c. Infanticide 2. It is a test wherein a light source is shined upon the spread hand
d. Parricide of the person, if the person is still alive then the skin is translucent
with visible blood vessel
3. This is the intentional killing of a child of less than 3 days old. a. Icard's Test
a. Murder b. Magnus Test
b. Homicide c. Diaphanous Test
c. Infanticide d. Winslow Test
d. Parricide
3. This is a progressive fall of the body temperature and is one of
4. This is a violent death with minimal or no external evidence of the most prominent signs of death.
injury a. Calor Mortis
a. Medicolegal Masquerade b. Algor Mortis
b. Impossible Crime c. Livor Mortis
c. None d. Rigor Mortis
d. Necropsy
4. A phenomenon wherein the body temperature rises after death
5. When should a death certificate be released after death? due to rapid and early putrefactive changes usually secondary to
a. 72 hours an infectious process.
b. 12 hours a. Rubor Mortis
c. 48 hours b. Post Mortem Luciferization
d. 24 hours c. Algor Mortis
d. Post Mortem Caloricity
6. A burial site should be at least 50 meters away from any river or
water supply. 5. A type of Schizophrenia that causes loss of locomotion.
a. True a. Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
b. False b. Residual Schizophrenia
c. Paranoid Schiophrenia
7. Permission to disinter may be granted after a period of 3 years d. Catatonic Schizophrenia
for communicable causes of death.
a. True 6. A spot which may be found in the cornea after death. At the
b. False beginning it is yellowish but later becomes brown or black.
a. Tete de Negri
8. A patient who dies of Ebola virus needs to be buried within _____ b. Tache Noir de la sclorotique
hours. c. Leiniria Optica
a. 36 hours d. Ultimen marians
b. 48 hours
c. 24 hours 7. This is a gradual stiffening of the muscles beginning with muscles
d. 12 hours of the neck and lower jaw and usually spreading downwards and
usually starts from 3 to 6 hours after death.
9. Rene walked in on her wife while she was having sex with their a. Post Mortem Rigidity
driver. He shot both of them. He can be charged with what? b. Post Mortem Caloricity
a. Homicide c. Post Mortem Contact Flattening
b. Parricide d. Post Mortem Lividiy
c. Death under Exceptional Circumstances
d. Murder

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8. This is the instantaneous rigidity of the muscles which occurs at 6. This is a type of wound that creates a communication
the moment of death due to extreme nervous tension, exhaustion between inner and outer portion of the hollow organs.
and injury to the nervous system. a. Perforating Wound
a. Rigor Mortis b. Penetrating Wound
b. Death Struggle of Muscles c. Abrasion Wound
c. Cadaveric Spasm d. Puncture Wound
d. Cadaveric Rigidity
7. This is a type of injury where the site of manifestation of the
9. This is a breaking down of the complex molecules into simpler injury is at the point of least resistance.
components resulting to bacterial replication that is associated a. Coup Injury
with the evolution of foul smelling gases such as hydrogen sulfide b. Counter Coup Injury
and methane. c. Locus Minoris Resistencia
a. Marbolization d. Coup-Counter Coup Injury
b. Saponification
c. Vulcanization 8. This is a circumscribed extravasation of blood into the
d. Putrefaction subcutaneous tissues or beneath the mucous membrane usually
noted in cases of asphyxia.
10. This is the dehydration of the whole body which results in the a. Contusion
shivering and preservation of the body which usually occurs when b. Ecchymosis
the body is buried in a hot arid place. c. Hematoma
a. Maceration d. Petechiae
b. Mummification
c. Marbolization 9. A wound that is yellowish in color which is caused by blunt
d. Saponfication force trauma is usually how many days old?
a. 4-6 days
PHYSICAL INJURIES b. 11-14 days
1. This is a form of Physical injury that involves intentionally c. 1 -3 days
depriving a person, totally or partially of some of the essential d. 7-10 days
organs of reproduction
a. Serious Physical Injuries 10. This is a trauma-induced change in mental status, with
b. Less Serious Physical Injuries confusion and amnesia, and with or without a brief loss of
c. Mutilation consciousness most commonly noted in vehicular accidents.
d. Slight Physical Injuries a. Hematoma
b. Contusion
2. Alfred and Greg was trying to court the same girl. One night c. Concussion
they bumped into each other and had heated words followed d. Hemorrhage
by a fist fight. On medicolegal examination at the ER, what is the
correct entry in the nature of injury? 11. An injury characterized by the removal of the superficial
a. Fist Fights epithelial layer secondary to friction against a hard rough
b. Boxing Related Injury surface which may exhibit the pattern of the wounding material.
c. Mauling a. Incision
d. Hematoma b. Laceration
c. Abrasion
3. Road Rage falls under which classification of factors in d. Stab wound
Vehicular Accident?
a. Enviromental factor 12. A man got drunk and started challenging all his neighbors to
b. Human Factor a fight. One of his neighbors got so irate that he hacked him with
c. Mechanical factor an "itak". This resulted in a gaping wound that was brought to the
d. Social Factor hospital. What type of incised wound is this?
a. Slice Cut
4. Which is the leading cause of Vehicular Accidents? b. Impact Cut
a. Truck related injuries c. Stab Wound
b. Bus related injuries d. Punctured wound.
c. Motorcycle injuries
d. PUJ related injuries 13. A man got drunk and started challenging all his neighbors to
a fight. One of his neighbors got so irate that he hacked him with
5. This is a type of wound that will cause death unless there is an "itak". This resulted in a gaping wound that was brought to the
timely medical intervention. hospital and subsequently repaired. The injury required 2 weeks
a. Coup Injuries of confinement. What crime did the neighbor commit?
b. Blunt force trauma a. Attempted Homicide
c. Bladed Trauma b. Serious Physical Injuries
d. Mortal c. Frustrated Homicide
d. Less Serious Physical Injuries

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14. This is a wound produced by the penetration of a sharp 23. This is a phase of asphyxial death characterized by the lack
pointed and sharp edged instrument. of oxygen and retention of CO2
a. Puncture Wound a. Convulsive Phase
b. Stab Wound b. Histotoxic Phase
c. Hacking Wound c. Dyspneic Phase
d. Lacerated wound d. Apneic Phase

15. What is classified as a low velocity firearm? 24. This is a type of local burn characterized by distinct
a. 1900-2200 fps boundaries and absence of singeing of hair and clothing
b. 1400 -1800 fps a. Radiant Heat
c. <1400 fps b. Dry Heat
d. 2200-2700 fps c. Flame burn
d. Scald burn
16. This is a tearing of the skin and underlying tissues due to
forcible contact with a blunt instrument. 25. This is a specific feature of electrical injury wherein metal of
a. Hematoma the conductor is volatilized or vaporized and the particles are
b. Lacerated Wound driven into the epidermis
c. Stab Wound a. Current Marking
d. Contusion b. Metallization
c. Arboreal Burns
17. These are injuries caused by rapid increase of atmospheric d. Electroporation
pressure.
a. None of the choices 26. This is the part of the firearm which causes the firing evolution.
b. Hypobarism a. Firing pin
c. Eubarism b. Trigger
d. Hyperbarism c. Slide
d. Hammer
18. This is a cylindrical structure with a base which houses the
different parts of the ammunition. 27. This is the equivalent of a first degree burn in cold
a. Powder temperatures.
b. Primer a. None of the choices
c. Projectile b. Deep Frost Bite
d. Shell c. Superficial Frost Bite
d. Frostnip
19. This is the cause of death from extreme cold.
a. Asphyxia 28. This is a series of parallel spiral grooves on the whole length of
b. Diminished ability of the tissue to utilize oxygen. the barrel.
c. Decreased ability of the Red Blood Cell to deliver a. Twist Rate
oxygen b. Lands
d. All of the choices c. Rifling
d. Calibre
20. This is located at the base of the cartridge and covered by a
small disc of soft metal known as percussion cap 29. This is a form of asphyxia which used force other than weight
a. Primer of the body on the ligature.
b. Propellant a. Traumatic Chest Asphyxia
c. Casing b. Strangulation
d. Projectile c. Hanging
d. Suffocation
21. This is a type of Asphyxiation that results from failure of arterial
blood to be saturated with O2 30. What is the usual maximum distance that a flame would
a. Anoxic Death reach from a pistol after discharge of a firearm?
b. Stagnant Anoxic Death a. 6 inches
c. Histotoxic Anoxic Death b. 24 inches
d. Anemic Anoxic Death c. 3 inches
d. 12 inches
22. This is a type of catridge where the percussion cap is located
in the center. 31. What type of low voltage electricity is more dangerous due
a. Rim Fire to 2 phases,
b. Center fire a. Triphasic
c. Firearm with a pin b. Quadriphasic
d. Straight fire c. DC
d. AC

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32. What is a common mechanism of death in low voltage a. Vitals functions are at low pitch that cannot be
electrocution? detected by clinical examination
a. Asphyxia b. Death of individual tissues and cells after somatic death
b. Ventricular Fibrillation c. Complete and irreversible cessation of brain, heart and
c. Convulsions lungs functions
d. Respiratory Paralysis d. Total loss of EEG activity, btu heart is functioning

33. In what type of gunshot would is a stellate point of entry 2. All are tests associated with cessation of circulation EXCEPT
noted? a. I-Card’s Test
a. Long range fire chest b. Winslow’s Test
b. Contact fire of the thigh c. Diaphonous Test
c. Contact fire of the skull d. Magnus Test
d. Midrange fire arm
3. Postmortem Caloricity is:
34. In asphyxiation using ligature, which type usually spares the a. Increased temperature after 6-8 hours of death
hyoid bone? b. Increased temperature within 2 hours of death
a. Strangulation c. Rapid fall in temperature after death
b. Suffocation d. Decrease in temperature followed by rise
c. Hanging
d. Drowning 4. Statement NOT TRUE about rigor mortis is:
a. Indicates time since death
35. This is a form of asphyxia death where the external respiratory b. Affects both voluntary and involuntary muscles
orifices are closed either by the hand or come other means. c. Results from fusion of actin and myosin filaments
a. Suffocation d. Appears immediately after death
b. Hanging
c. Drowning 5. Secondary flaccidity occurs due to:
d. Garroting a. Absence of reflexes
b. ATP depletion
36. What is smudging and tattooing known as? c. Autolysis of the muscle
a. Contusion Collar d. Loss of all reflexes
b. Singeing
c. Stippling 6. Algor Mortis can be defined as:
d. Muzzle burns a. Bluish-purple coloring of the skin closest to the floor
b. The stiffening of the muscles and joints
37. This is a type of burn characteristic of lightning strikes c. Loosening of the muscles causing defecation
a. Arboretum Burns d. Slow drop of body temperature
b. Current Markings
c. Electrical Marks 7. Rigor mortis is first evident in:
d. Lichtenberg Figures a. Eyelids
b. Neck
38. What type of electrical injury manifests with sledgehammer c. Fingers
like findings on autopsy? d. Jaw
a. High Voltage Injury
b. Lightning Injury 8. The term Suggilation or livor mortis refers to:
c. Low Voltage Injury a. Postmortem flaccidity
d. Barometric Injury b. Instantaneous rigor
c. Postmortem cooling
39. What is the minimum pressure that an explosive needs to d. Postmortem blood pooling
generate to cause fragmentation of the body?
a. 400 psi 9. The rigidity of the muscle is due to the solidification of fats:
b. 100 psi a. Rigor mortis
c. 200 psi b. Cold stiffening
d. 300 psi c. Decrease in ATPs
d. Heat stiffening
40. What was eradicated in 1981 and is commonly used in
bioweapon development today? 10. Appears during the later stages of its formation when blood is
a. Smallpox coagulation already:
b. Legionnaire's Disease a. Diffusion lividity
c. Marburg Virus b. Algor mortis
d. Ebola Zaire c. Hypostatic lividity
11. A disease or injury that produces the physiological disruption
MIDTERM EXAM in the body.
1. Molecular death refers to: a. Cause of death

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b. Manner of death c. Maceration

c. Cardio-respiratory death d. Marbolization
d. Mechanism of death
21. A patient was brought to the ER with a gunshot wound. The
12. The following officials of the government are authorized to medicolegal noted that it was a close contact wound due to the
make death investigation, EXCEPT: presence of singeing at the point of entry. How many inches does
a. Chief of Police the flame from a rifle typically reach?
b. NBI director a. 12 inches
c. Provincial Fiscal (INCORRECT) b. 3 inches
d. Chief of Investigators c. 24 inches
d. 6 inches
13. Exhumations is conducted due to the following reasons, e. 30 inches
EXCEPT:
a. To determine the approximate time of death 22. What finding is pathognomonic for the point of entry of
b. To recover foreign bodies gunshot wounds?
c. To determine the cause of death a. Smudging
b. Singeing
14. A contusion with a tram track pattern is caused by an c. Muzzle blast
instrument that is: d. Contusion or abrasion collar
a. Hard, long blunt instrument e. Tattooing
b. Hard, short sharp instrument
c. Soft, long blunt instrument 23. What is the maximum distance that the phenomenon known
d. Soft, short blunt instrument as smudging can be noted?
a. 12 inches
15. An abrasion wherein the wounding instrument is imprinted in b. 6 inches
the skin c. 3 inches (INCORRECT)
a. Dragging abrasion d. 24 inches
b. Pressure abrasion
c. Graze abrasion 24. What is the maximum distance that stippling can be noted?
d. Abrasion a La Signature a. 12 inches
b. 3 inches (INCORRECT)
16. This is not a characteristic of an ante-mortem wound. c. 6 inches
a. Blood clots are present d. 24 inches
b. Edges gaping
c. Edges are not gaping 25. The following are authorized to perform autopsies, EXCEPT
d. Arterial in origin a. Municipal health officers
b. Resident pathologist
17. An abrasion caused by a sharp-pointed object which slides c. Human rights doctors
across the skin like a pain d. PNP medico-legal officers
a. Graze abrasion
b. Friction abrasion 26. During the distribution of the SAP at the barangay hall, the
c. Pressure abrasion barangay captain was gunned down by two men that did not
d. Scratch abrasion receive their money. He was brought to the ER but he was
pronounced dead on arrival. Once his relatives were informed of
18. An abrasion commonly seen in hanging and strangulation the incident, they went to the hospital morgue and identified him.
a. Patterned abrasion They asked the resident on duty why he was so cold. He explained
b. Scratch abrasion that this was normal and that this phenomenon is known as?
c. Friction abrasion a. Algor mortis
d. Brush burn abrasion b. Putrefaction
c. Post mortem lividity
19. A patient brought to the ER for gunshot wound had a blackish d. Rigor mortis
substance on his skin. What accounts for this finding?
a. There is brought a misfire of the gun 27. A patient was brought to the ER due to mauling. He was
b. This is brought by the difference in lengths of the barrel discharged by attending physician after two weeks of admission
of the weapon in the hospital and given a further 7 days rest. If he were to file a
c. These come about due to the burning of propellant case against the assailant, what crime did the assailant commit?
d. These are brought about by the fouling of the barrel a. Serious physical injuries
e. This is brought about by the difference in the amount of b. Mutilation
gunpowder in the bullet c. Less serious physical injuries
20. it is the prominence of the superficial veins during the process d. Slight physical injuries
of decomposition, develops in the abdomen, neck and shoulders
a. Mummification 28. At what time is rigor mortis complete fixed in a tropical country
b. Putrefaction like the Philippines?

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a. 6 hours 35. At what time does the body of a deceased individuals start to
b. 9 hours stiffen
c. 12 hours a. 3 hours
d. 3 hours b. 12 hours
c. 15 hours
29. A patient was brought to the ER with findings of large surface d. 6 hours
burns and some burns radiating from a point. Other internal injuries e. 9 hours
consistent with sledgehammer-like blows. What conclusion can
be drawn from these findings? 36. Mummification occurs when the climate is
a. These are burns from an explosive source a. Moist and cold
b. These are burns from lightning injury b. Dry and hot
c. These are burns from an open flame c. Wet climate
d. These are burns from chemical source d. Dry and cold
e. Moist and hot
30. This is a phenomenon wherein muscle cells were noted to have
pores on the cell membrane usually noted in electrical injury. 37. A patient was brought to the ER with severe chest pains. He
These are known as? was pronounced dead 12 hours after admission due to massive
a. Rhabdomyolysis intracerebral hemorrhage. When the family came to claim the
b. Metallization body at the hospital morgue, they noted there was purplish
c. Electroporation discoloration at the back and other dependent portions of the
d. Deposition body. This is known as?
e. Sublimation a. Cadaveric spasm
b. Post mortem muscular irritability
31. Which of the following is not a possible injury secondary to c. Post mortem lividity
lightning strikes? d. Loco mortis
a. Diffusion of metals and glass e. Algor mortis
b. Singeing of the hair
c. Fracture of the bones 38. Livor Mortis is a natural phenomenon which was brought about
d. Magnetization of metals in the clothing by?
e. Sledgehammer like blows to the body a. Increasing tone of the blood vessel wall combine with
the action of gravity
32. What is the Gettler’s Test? b. AOTA (INCORRECT)
a. Test which measures plasma magnesium in the left and c. Diffusion of the blood into the surrounding tissue
right sides of the heart? d. Complete utilization of ATP in the cell
b. Test specific gravity of blood
c. Test which measures diatoms 39. A body was found at an abandoned lot in Fairview. On
d. Test which measure plasma chloride in the left and right autopsy, it was found that the soft viscera of the body become
sides of the heart putrefied. At what time after death does this occur?
e. Test which measures immersion artifacts a. 2 months
b. 1 month
33. A medicolegal testified that the slug recovered from the body c. 2 weeks
of a gunshot victim was fired from a .45 caliber handgun. He was d. 6 weeks
asked how the caliber of the weapon is determined. The correct e. 1 week
explanation is?
a. The measurement involves measuring the distance 40. A medical examiner was asked to serve as expert witness on
between 2 lands gunshot wounds. He stated that the wounding power of a bullet
b. The measurement involves measuring the length of the is primarily dependent on the amount of propellant in the
bullet cartridge. What is propellant?
c. The measurement involves measuring the size of the a. This is composed of trinitrotoluene
chamber of the gun b. AOTA (INCORRECT)
d. The measurement involves getting the width of the bullet c. This was composed of the primer and the gunpowder
using a caliper d. This was the primary part of the bullet responsible for
bullet velocity
34. The children noted that the body of their deceased father had e. This varied depending on the type of primer
not yet stiffened. They asked the resident if it was possible that he
was still alive. He explained stiffening is not immediate and that 41. The accuracy of the weapon is affected by the barrel. A
during the early part after death, the body’s muscles completely smooth barrel is less accurate than a rifled barrel. What is rifling?
relax. This is known as? a. These are grooves that runs along the inside of the barrel
a. Rigor mortis b. These are the part of the barrel for attachment of sights
b. Period of primary flaccidity c. These are groove found exclusively in rifles
c. Period of secondary flaccidity d. These are grooves in the gun for attachment of sound
suppressors or silencers.

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42. A patient was hit by a taxicab. He was brought to the ER where b. Rigor mortis
he was immediately x-rayed. What is the most common vehicular c. Putrefaction
fractures to guide the doctor as to the choice of x-ray? d. Suggillation
a. Acetabular fracture e. Autolysis
b. Pelvic fracture
c. Skull fracture 50. During a family get together after MGCQ was announced, Boy
d. Tibial fracture had an argument with his maternal uncle. The fight escalated and
e. Clavicular Fracture ended up with Boy stabbing and killing him. What crime did Boy
commit?
43. If a body was found with a grossly swollen abdomen and with a. Homicide
a large amount of gas in the abdomen. The swelling is probably b. Death in a tumultuous affray
caused by which process? c. Murder
a. Vulcanization d. Parricide (INCORRECT)
b. Adipocere formation e. Death under exceptional circumstances
c. Putrefaction
d. Marbolizaiton 51. While riding his electric scooter along the street, Mark lost
e. Maceration control and hit a wall. He got a laceration over the left frontal area
that needed to be sutured in the ER. This type of physical injury
44. This is a form of cell death designed to eliminate unwanted which is located only at the site of application of force is known
host cells thru the activation of a coordinated, internally as what?
programmed series of events affected by a dedicated set of a. Locus minoris resistensia
gene products. b. Coup injury
a. Apoptosis c. Coup counter-coup injury
b. Cellular oncosis d. Counter-coup injury
c. Somatic death
d. NOTA 52. A body was found in the burned remains of a warehouse in
Bulacan, the extremities of body was noted to be in a flexed
45. This is a modification of the putrefactive process when the position and the hands clenched. This type of position is known as
deceased is found in a fluid medium with an absence of a. Calor mortis
putrefactive bacteria. b. Cadaveric spasm
a. Marbolization c. Rigor mortis
b. Saponification d. Pugilistic attitude
c. Maceration e. Algor mortis
d. Mummification
e. NOTA 53. Jacob tried to help his friend Mark when he saw him being held
up at knifepoint. As a result, he received a knife wound to the
46. A patient presented superficial hematoma in the frontal part abdomen which produced an injury to the right lobe of the liver.
of the head after being involved in a tumultuous affray. While at This type of injury is known as?
the ER, a CT Scan was done and it was found that he was also a. Penetrating
suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage in both the frontal and b. Perforating (INCORRECT)
occipital lobes of the brain. This is an example of what type of c. NOTA
injury? d. superficial
a. Coup injury e. eviscerating
b. Coup-countercoup injury
c. Counter coup injury 54. Upon what instance shall an autopsy be performed on a
d. Extensive injury corpse?
e. Whiplash injury a. Upon written request of police authorities
b. Upon written request of the next of kin
47. The following are closed wounds except? c. Upon order of an MTC judge
a. Ecchymosis d. All of the choices
b. Petechiae e. Upon the order of a city fiscal
c. Contusion
d. Abrasion 55. A firearm with a cylindrical magazine is?
e. Hematoma a. Colt Automatic Pistol
b. Armalite Rifle
48. What is the difference between hematomas and contusions? c. Recoilless rifle
a. The extravasation of blood outside the blood vessels d. Colt Revolver
b. This type of injury is commonly seen in blunt force trauma e. Shotgun
c. The contusion does not immediately become apparent
d. The presence of a cavity in contusions
49. This is the action of the enzyme found in the cell in digesting 56. The following are parts of ammunition except?
cellular components. a. Propellant
a. Apoptosis b. Projectile

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c. Firing pin d. Strain

d. Primer e. Dislocation
e. Cartridge case
64. A patient was brought to the morgue. One of the finding in the
57. This condition occurs usually with fractures and dislocation and autopsy report was emphysema aquosum. You are asked by the
causes an increased pressure in a closed space that results to an relative where this finding is usually seen. What would be your
irreversible ischemic damage? answer?
a. Compartment Syndrome a. Strangulation
b. Iatrogenic arterial injury b. Dry drowning
c. Hydrostatic Syndrome c. Wet drowning
d. Pulseless Extremity d. Hanging
e. Burns
58. Which of the following is a type of tracer round or bullet?
a. Bullet with a plastic sabot 65. The police were conducting an investigation on an incident of
b. Tungsten tipped round a fatal shooting along Timog Avenue. They requested the crime
c. Phosphorus flare round lab to investigate and conduct an autopsy. The crime lab noted
d. Armor piercing round a blackening of the point of entry with burns also noted, some of
e. Soft point round the blackish dust being was easily wiped off while some was strictly
adhering to the skin. The nature of the blackish dust which was
59. Upon the pulling of the trigger, which part of the bullet initiates embedded into the skin is?
the firing of the bullet? a. Incompletely combusted gunpowder
a. Projectile b. Metal fouling from previous firing
b. Propellant c. Gun oil from the barrel
c. Primer d. Carbon deposits from previous firing of the weapon
d. Shell Casing e. Completely combusted gunpowder

60. Which of the following is described as effusion of blood to the 66. A patient presented with a gunshot wound to the arm. He
surrounding tissue without formation of a cavity? alleged that he was shot in the arm by his ex-girlfriend at close
a. Contusion range. On examination, the ER physician noted a blackish
b. Laceration substance embedded on his skin surrounding the point of entry.
c. Subluxation This substance is known as?
d. Abrasion a. Smudging
e. Hematoma b. Fouling
c. Muzzle blast
61. Lester was involved in a vehicular accident while riding his d. Tattooing
motorcycle. He was brought to the ER and was diagnosed with a e. Primer residue
mild concussion. Which of the following is not a consequence of
the cerebral concussion? 67. A victim of a drive-by shooting involving a riding in tandem in
a. Loss of consciousness Valenzuela was brought to the ER. It was noted that at the point
b. Confusion of entry there was a circular injury with associated abrasions. This
c. Paresthesia injury is known as?
d. Amnesia a. Smudging
b. Abrasion burns
62. Michael was caught trying to peep into his neighbor’s c. Abrasion Collar
bathroom. He was chased by his neighbor’s brother and was hit d. Tattooing
by a baseball bat which resulted to a tearing of the skin and e. Breechblock Mark
underlying tissue of the occipital portion of his head. The injury
described is what? 68. The Medicolegal noted a blackening of the point of entry of
a. Hematoma the gunshot wounds with burns also present, stippling was also
b. Abrasion present on the skin. These findings suggest that the victim was hit
c. Petechiae from what range?
d. Contusion a. Close range fire
e. Laceration b. Medium range fire
c. Contact fire
63. While skateboarding, Julian tried to copy his favorite X-games d. Long range fire
skateboarder and do a 360 jump. Unfortunately, Julian was not as
skilled causing him to fall. He tried to stop the fall with his arm but 69. In a case of gunshot wounds, it was noted that the projectile
it resulted in an injury described as a complete disruption in the that was recovered from the shooting incident showed that there
continuity of a muscular or ligamentous support of a joint. This is were striation marks on it. These marks result from?
injury is known as? a. The ignition of the propellant inside the chamber
a. Subluxation b. None of the choices
b. Sprain c. The forceful action of the ejector on the rim of the
c. Fracture cartridge

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d. The action of the firing pin on the percussion cap or

primer 77. Mayor Khu Rakot and his 3 companions were gunned downed
e. The passage of bullet along the grooves that are found as they exited the city hall building. The mayor exhibited injuries
inside the barrel of the gun which was described as showing a blackened entry wound, with
some of the blackish residue being easily wiped off while some of
70. A body was recovered in the Pasig River and it was noted that the blackish material adhering to the skin. What is the blackish
there was a single bullet point of entry but there were multiple exit substance which was easily wiped off?
wounds. The following is/are true regarding exit wounds of a. Soot
gunshot wounds? b. Muzzle imprint
a. The exit wound of a high velocity bullet is smaller than c. Contusion collar
that of the entrance wound. d. Smudging
b. There is a 1:1 correlation between entrance and exit e. Tattooing
wounds
c. It is possible to have no exit wounds. 78. One of the injured parties in a shooting incident had an injury
d. All exit wounds are inverted. which was described as having a circular injury surrounding the
point of entry. No other injuries aside from this were noted by the
71. A person working in hot environment who consumes more ER Doctor. The injury described would indicate that the victim was
water without salt is likely to develop a condition called? hit from what distance?
a. Heat Exhaustion a. Within 60 cms
b. Heat Stroke b. Within 45 cms
c. Heat hyperpyrexia c. More than 60 cms.
d. Heat Cramps d. Withing 15 cms
e. Within 30 cms
72. All are features of deep burns except?
a. Involvement of fat 79. It is a homemade bomb constructed and deployed in ways
b. Leathery skin other than in conventional military action?
c. No blister / vesicles a. Gunpowder explosives
d. Painful b. Dynamite
e. All of the choices c. Deflagrating explosives
d. Improvised Explosive Device
73. All are characteristic features of superficial burns?
a. Pinprick and painful 80. A term used to indicate wounds produced by explosions which
b. Loss of epidermis causes peppering of small metallic or non-metallic objects into
c. Damage no deeper than papillary dermis the body?
d. All of the choices a. Punctate bruising
e. Blisters b. Shrapnel wound
c. Avulsion
74. A 15-year-old female was found in a burned shanty in Quezon d. Lacerated wound
City with 90% burns on her body. The tongue was protruding out, e. Abrasions
body in pugilistic attitude with heat ruptures, peeling of skin and
heat hematomas and heat fractures of skull. Carboxyhemoglobin 81. This is the instantaneous rigidity of the muscles which occurs at
was 25% and soot particles were present in trachea. Which of the the moment of death due to extreme nervous tension, exhaustion
combination of two findings will establish that the burns are and injury to the nervous system?
antemortem in nature? a. Secondary flaccidity
a. All of the choices b. Putrefaction
b. Heat fracture of the skull and peeling of the skin c. Saponification
c. Carboxyhemoglobin and soot in the trachea d. Cadaveric Spasm
d. Heat hematoma and heat rupture e. Rigor Mortis
e. Heat hematoma and pugilistic attitude
82. Frank was caught by his wife with another woman. In her rage,
75. The difference between antemortem and postmortem burns she cut off his penis. What offense does this constitute?
vesicles which favors the finding that the burns are antemortem a. Slight Physical Injuries
burns is/are? b. Less Serious Physical Injuries
a. Erythema is present c. Mutilation
b. Fluid in the vesicle is scanty d. Serious Physical Injuries
c. Protein and chloride in vesicle
d. Tissue beneath the vesicle is dry, hard and yellow 83. Karen was involved in a motorcycle accident with another
motorist where she suffered abrasions on her knee and elbows
76. Current markings are seen in? requiring treatment of 7 days. What offense was committed
a. Lightning stroke against Karen?
b. Electrocution a. Less Serious Physical Injuries
c. Firearm wounds b. Slight Physical Injuries
d. Blast injuries c. Mutilation

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d. Reckless Imprudence resulting to physical injuries b. False

e. Serious Physical Injuries
93. The use of dirty bomb involves using conventional explosives
84. Dahlia was confronted by her neighbor for singing videoke til to heat up uranium to the point of fission?
the wee hours of the morning. She was slapped and told never to a. True
sing again due to her horrendous voice. She did not require b. False
medical attention. What offense was committed against Dahlia?
a. Mutilation 94. The propellant inside a cartridge is completely combusted
b. Slight Physical Injuries causing the phenomenon of smudging and tattooing?
c. Less Serious Physical Injuries a. True
d. Serious Physical Injuries b. False

85 Christy discovered that her husband had another woman. She 95. The expected findings of a contact gunshot wound to the
rushed to the house of the woman and shouted at her door for parietal area are blackening of the wound tract, singeing,
her to come out and fight. However, the woman refused to smudging, tattooing and a large circular wound?
accept her challenge. What offense did Christy commit? a. True
a. Less Serious Physical Injuries b. False
b. Serious Physical Injuries
c. None of the offenses was committed 96. Lila was stabbed in the abdomen resulting to the small intestine
d. Slight Physical Injuries coming out of the abdomen. The penetration of the fascia is
e. Mutilation primarily to blame for the said phenomenon?
a. True
86. If an assault results to bilateral optic nerve damage and b. False
subsequent blindness. What offense was committed?
a. Slight Physical Injuries 97. In explosive injuries occurring at a distance, solid organs are
b. Serious Physical Injuries particularly prone to damage?
c. Less Serious Physical Injuries a. True
d. Mutilation b. False

87. A body was found and it was noted that it was severely burned 98. The twist rate is defined as the amount of time it requires a rifling
and that the extremities of body was noted to be in a flexed to go a full rotation in the barrel?
position and the hands clenched. This type of position is known a. True
as? b. False
a. Rigor Mortis
b. Pugilistic attitude 99. Shane was a boxer who was knocked out in a recent boxing
c. Calor Mortis match. He was brought to the hospital but was unarousable. This
d. Cadaveric spasm situation persisted until his death. The most probable cause is a
e. Algor Mortis subdural hematoma?
a. True
88. The calibre of a weapon is determined by getting the diameter b. False
of the projectile of the cartridge?
a. True 100. The kinetic energy of a bullet can quadruple if you double its
b. False velocity?
a. True
89. Ellen was so mad at her classmate for stealing her boyfriend. b. False
She waited for her after class and cut off her ear. This is considered
as the crime of mutilation? FINALS
a. True SEX CRIMES
b. False 1. The offense of Sexual Harassment can only be committed
in an educational or workplace environment.
90. Explosive Injuries result primarily from thermal and pressure a. False
effects? b. True
a. True c. No answer text provided
b. False
2. the following may commit the crime of qualified seduction
91. The passage of the bullet creates a temporary cavity in the EXCEPT.
tissue due to the stellate displacement of the bullets energy a. Boyfriend
through the tissue? b. Househelper
a. True c. Priest
b. False d. Mayor
92. Gamma radiation in nuclear explosions bring about cross-
linking of DNA resulting to genetic mutations? 3. The following are the requisites for the crimes of rape EXCEPT.
a. True a. Force, threat or intimidation

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b. NOTA (INCORRECT) b. Corruption of minors

c. Sexual intercourse
d. Deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious
e. The victim is less than 12 years of age
4. Lara was standing in line for the UV express when she felt a man
toughing her breast by intentionally bumping into her. What
offense was committed by the man?
a. Qualified seduction
b. Acts of lasciviousness
c. Abduction
d. Rape
5. Alice was depressed because she had just failed the board
exams. She invited her friends to go drinking. On the way home,
she fell asleep so she didn’t notice that they had stopped at a
motel on the way home. She woke up naked an with her woman
friend inserting her finger into her vagina. She immediately put up
stop to it and reported to the women’s desk who promptly field a
case of…?
a. Seduction
b. RA 9262 or Violence against women
c. Act of lasciviousness
d. Rape
6. Charles was accused of raping his neighbor Leah. It was
alleged that he had threatened to stab her with a knife such that
he was able to have sexual intercourse with her. What would e a
valid defense for rape?
a. Impotence
b. Sterility
c. Neither (INCORRECT)
d. Both
7. Janice was abducted and subsequently raped. On
medicolegal examination, one of the findings was that the inside
surface of her lips suffered from contusions. These could be
secondary to what event?
a. NOTA
b. Her mouth being forcefully closed to prevent her from
making a sound
c. Her being strangulated
d. Her being punched in the mouth
e. Her being forced to perform fellatio
8. Jonathan, a first year law student, has been courting Michelle,
a third year student, for the last 5 months. She had repeatedly told
him that she loved him. Jonathan waited for her to come home
from school one night and got her to come with him to his home
and introduced her to his parents as his fiancé and admitted that
they had eloped. Before allowing them to sleep together, his dad
called Michelle’ dad to explain the situation. He came with the
police to get her back. What offense did he commit?
a. Forcible abduction
b. Consented abduction (INCORRECT)
c. Simple seduction
d. No offense was committed
c. Prostitution
d. Abuse against chastity
10. Maine is a 19 year old lady student studying under Prof. Alden.
The Professor was a 24 year old bachelor from a well to do family.
One night, the Professor asked his student to go out with him for a
few drinks. Thrilled, the young lady went along. As the night wo on,
they became more intimate and ultimately, she succumbed to
the charms of Prof Alden. As the semester wore on, the
relationship fizzled. She subsequently filed a case against her
professor. Upon filing of the complaint, she was made to undergo
medicolegal examination in the NBI. Findings of multiple healed
lacerations at the 5 o’clock and 7 o’clock position with sharp
coaptible borders were noted but no other external injuries were
present. What crime did Professor Alde commit?
a. Qualified seduction
b. Simple seduction
c. Sexual harassment (INCORRECT)
d. NOTA
11. This is a term which refers to a condition of a woman who
permits any form of sexual liberty as long as they refrain from
rupturing the hymen.
a. Virgo intacta
b. Demi-virginity
c. Moral virginity
d. True physical virginity
12. This is a type of hymen wherein the hymen presents several
openings.
a. Annular
b. Infantile
c. Cribriform
d. Semilunar
e. Linear
13. The 3 women were brought to a crime lab where they were
made to undergo medical examination. Which of the following
findings would support the allegations of rape thru the use of
force?
a. Findings that there was positive alcoholic breath
b. Findings of buccal mucosal hematomas in the oral
cavities of the three
c. Presence of hymenal lacerations in culposcopic
examination of the 2 women
14. the definition of a complete hymenal laceration is:
a. Laceration extending up to one half of the total width of
the hymen.
b. Laceration involving the total width of the hymen
c. Laceration extending up to more than one half of the
total width of the hymen but not reaching the base of the
vaginal wall.

15. this is a form of sexual perversion wherein the real or fantasied

9. Joseph helped her 18 year old niece find clients interested in presence of an object or bodily part is necessary for sexual
having sex with her for cut of the profits. What offense di he stimulus and/or gratification
commit? a. Urolognia
a. White salve trade b. Fetishism

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c. Anilingus
d. Mysophilia
16. Diego was drinking at Embassy. After consuming 10 bottles of
Red Horse and 1 bottle of Tequila, he began staggering home.
While walking, he was offered a ride by his friend Francis. He
accepted and fell unconscious in the car. After waking up he
found himself naked and tied to the bed of Francis. When Francis
noticed he was awake, he professed his love for Diego and
started kissing him despite his protest. The abuse continued until
Francis was able to have oral and anal sex with him. After which,
Diego was able to escape. He went to the police station and
reported the abuse to the duty officer. Francis was arrested and
charged with:
a. Acts of Lasciviousness
b. Rape
c. Sodotomy
d. Seduction
17. Carla is the 34 year old wife of Ben who is also 34 years old.
When Ben gets drunk he likes to hit Carla before forcing her to
have intercourse with him. Fed up, she went to the women’s desk
of their precinct and filed a complaint against him. The following
could charged him EXCEPT:
a. Rape
b. Anti-violence against women and children
c. Serious physical injuries (INCORRECT)
d. Battered women syndrome
a. Spurious
b. Legitimated (INCORRECT)
c. Illegitimate
d. Legitimate
2. Rina is pregnant for the first time. While on 31st week age of
gestation, she started having rhythmic abdominal pain followed
by watery vaginal discharge. She was rushed to the ER where she
suffered convulsions. An emergency C-section was performed
and she delivered a live preterm baby boy. After which Gina
passed away. Subsequently, her child followed her to heaven.
a. The child is Gina’s heir because he was born alive.
b. It cannot be determined whether he was Gina’s heir or
not
c. The child is not Gina’s heir because he did not survive for
24 hours
d. NOTA (INCORRECT)
3. Bossing had an amorous relationship with Lea, a GRO that he
met in Air Force On. After a few months, he found out that she was
pregnant. He confronted her and demanded a DNA paternity
test. Upon getting a DNA match, he insisted that she should have
an abortion. She refused and he began hitting her until she began
having vaginal bleeding. He committed the crime of:
a. Infanticide
b. Abortion committed by the mother
c. Unintentional abortion
d. Intentional abortion

18. Jane was a 16 year old girl who was being raised by her brother 4. Dr. H. Illot made it known thru word of mouth that he was willing
Julius while both her parents were working in Saudi Arabia. As time to do abortions for a fee. After one of his abortions, his client bled
went by, she became closer and close to her brother until they uncontrollably after he was unable to completely remove
started having an intimate relationship. Upon going home for a placental fragments and she subsequently became comatose.
vacation, her mother discovered the relationship and filed a The parents of the woman found out about his practice and
complaint with the Prosecutor’s office for what offense? reported him to the NBI. He was charged with:
a. Qualified seduction a. Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide and
b. Corruption of minors unintentional abortion
c. Abduction b. Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide
d. Incestuous qualified seduction c. Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide an abortion
practiced by a physician
19. what are the instances when rape is punishable by reclusion d. Abortion practiced by a physician
perpetua to death (when death is again allowed by the state)
a. When the victim almost dies because of the rape 5. The following are characteristics of parents who willfully abuse
b. When the victim becomes insane children
c. When the victim becomes pregnant a. Emphatic
d. When the victim becomes afflicted with venereal b. Mature
disease c. Responsible
20. Alyssa is an 11 year old girl who is mature beyond her years. d. Self-centered
She started having a boyfriend at the tender age of 10 and was 6. Which of the following is considered positive signs of
sexually active by 11. When her parents discovered that she had pregnancy?
an 18 year old boyfriend who she was sexually active with. They a. Appreciation of the fetal heart tone
filed a complaint against him in the NBI. He was charged with: b. Enlargement of the abdomen
a. Rape c. Positive pregnancy test
b. Abduction d. Cessation of menses
c. Seduction
d. Child abuse 7. which of the following refers to the civil status of the child in
relation to its mother and father?
a. Adoption
PATERNITY AND DANGEROUS DRUGS b. Filiation
1. An 18 year old student decided to elope with his 16 year old c. Maternity
sweetheart. Their love bore them a bouncing baby boy whom d. Paternity
they named Chester. After the girl turned 18, the sweethearts
married and lived happily ever after. Chester is:

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8. Which of the following abortion drugs work by increasing c. Vodka

menstrual flow? d. Whisky
a. Mifepristone
b. Emmenagogues 19. Which of the following is an acceptable blood alcohol level
c. Prostaglandin analogues for operating a motorcycle?
d. Castor oil a. 0.05
b. 0.02
9. If a child is born within 300 days of the dissolution of a valid c. 0
marriage, he is still considered illegitimate if there was an d. 0.05
impossibility of intercourse in the first 120 days.
a. True
b. False

10. One time abuse of a child is not considered abuse under the
law. Abuse should be a sequential or repetitive event.
a. True
b. False

11. schedule 1 drugs are drugs that are absolutely prohibited from
being prescribed.
a. True
b. False

12. Which of the following drugs was criminalized by the Revised

Penal Code?
Answer: Opium and Marijuana

13. State of periodic or chronic intoxication produced by the

repeated consumption of a drug found to be detrimental to the
person and society.
a. Fixation
b. Dependence
c. Addiction
d. Habituation

14. These are defined as chemicals that are needed for the
manufacture of dangerous drugs
a. Indian hemp
b. Hexane
c. Solvents
d. Controlled precursors

15. Which of the following is known by the street name Ecstasy?

a. Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
b. Papaver somniferum
c. Methamphetamine hydrochloride
d. Lysergic acid

16. What is the penalty for a second time offender involving use of
dangerous drugs?
a. Imprisonment
b. Voluntary submission

17. What is the penalty for possession with intent to redistribute

a. Reclusion perpetua
b. Reclusion temporal
c. Prison mayor
d. Life imprisonment

18. This is a natural alcoholic fermentation with not less than 7%

but not more than 17% alcohol
a. Beer
b. Wine

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1. Which of the following parameters are not
measured in polygraph examinations?
a. Eye movements
b. Fidgeting
c. Sweating
d. Heart rate
e. Blood pressure
2. Under Philippine law, a man who shall
habitually engage in sexual intercourse or
lascivious act for profit shall be considered a
prostitute.
a. True
b. false
3. The following are not crimes where the
determination of virginity is a requisite of the
offense.
a. Qualified seduction
b. Consented abduction
c. Incestious seduction
d. Abuse against chastity
4. On medicolegal examination, it was found
that there were multiple contusions on both
the victim’s arms, legs, as well as, avulsed
fingernails indicating that the victim had
attempted to prevent the assault. The type
of wounds are known as
a. Defensive wound
b. Perforating wound
c. Self-inflicted wound
d. Penetrating wound
e. Patterned wound
5. Maine is a 19 year old lady student
studying under Prof. Alden. The professor
was a 24 year old bachelor from a well to do
family. One night, the Professor asked his
student to go out with him for a few drinks.
Thrilled, the young lady went along. As the
night wore on, they became more intimate
and ultimately, she succumbed to the
charms of Prof Alden. As the semester wore
on, the relationship fizzled. She
subsequently filed a case against her
professor. Upon filing of the complaint, she
was made to undergo medicolegal
examination in the NBI. findings of multiple
healed lacerations at the 5 o'clock and 7
o’clock position with sharp compatible
borders were noted but no other external
injuries were present. What crime did
Professor Alden commit?
a. Rape
b. Sexual harassment
c. Qualified seduction
d. None of the choices
e. Simple seduction
6. Karla was married to Ariel. Whenever
they would argue, Ariel would have bouts of
uncontrollable rage especially if he had
been drinking. These episodes would result
in Karla being beaten black and blue bur
after the beating Ariel would beg Karla to
forgive him. She would assent and there
married live would be blissful fo a few
weeks before arguments would pop up and
the beating would recur. She is a sufferer of:
a. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
b. Sabo-masochism syndrome
c. Post traumatic stress disorder
d. Battered woman syndrome
7. Jonathan, a first year law student, has
been courting Michelle, a third year law
student, for the last 5 months. She had
repeatedly told him that she loved him.
Jonathan waited for her to come home from
school one night and got her to come with
him to his home and introduces her to his
parents as his fiance and aditted that they
had eloped. Before allowing them to sleep
together, his dad called Mchelle’s dad to
explain the situation. He came with the
police to get her back. What offense did he
commit?
a. Forcible abduction
b. Consented abduction
c. No offence was committed
d. Adultery rape
8. While riding in the MRT, a man felt
another man touching his buttocks. What
offense was committed by the assailant?
a. Violation of the Safe Spaces Act
b. Acts of Lasciviousness
c. Seduction
d. Abduction
e. Rape
9. This is an agrochemical poison that are
used primarily for killing of plant destroying
organism.
a. Arsenic
b. Heavy metals
c. Strychnine
d. Hydrocarbons
e. Pesticides
10. Neri was a nursing student assigned to
work in a health center in Tondo. While on
her way home from duty, she was pulled
into a shanty and at knifepoint told to take
off her clothes. The man subsequently
fondles her breast and buttocks but was
interrupted by the Barangay Tanods before
he could complete his lewd designs. The
man could be charged with the following
except:
a. Forcible abduction
b. Acts of Lasciviousness
c. Attempted Kidnapping
d. Attempted rape
11. According to RA 9262, the Healthcare
provider shall:
a. Make the records of the visit
available upon presentment of a
valid subpoena duces tecum
b. Properly record any of the victim’s
suspicions, observations and
circumstance of the examination
c. Provide the victim with a medical
certificate concerning the visit upon
timely payment of the hospital
charge
d. Properly document the victim's
physical, emotional, economic or
psychological injuries.
12. Boy Gwaping had a one-night stand with
H. Liparot. After a few months, he found out
that she was pregnant and that she was
alleging that it was his. He insisted that she
have a DNA paternity test which came back
as 99.999% positive that it was his. He
insisted that she should undergo an
abortion and she refused. He began hitting
her until she started having vaginal
bleeding. He committed the crime of:
a. Serious Physical Injuries
b. Intentional abortion
c. Homicide
d. Infanticide
e. Unintentional aborton
13. Tina and Paul were sweethearts who
decided to seal their love by getting a secret
marriage. After a few years, their love for
each other soured and they decided to split
up since their marriage was known only to
them. Paul met Reena who developed a
great love for. He proposed marriage and
she accepted. On going to the PSA, he
found out that he could not get a certificate
of no marriage because he was recorded as
being the husband of Tina. Which of the
following are true?
a. There is no such thing as a “secret”
marriage. All marriages which follow
the provision of the Family Code are
valid.
b. The marriage is null and void
because the family of either side
was unaware of it.
c. None of the choices.
d. The officiating judge made a mistake
because he let the civil registrar
know of the marriage hence he is
liable.
14. Sperm motility is an important
consideration in infertility. How many
percent of sperm are immotile after 45
minutes?
a. 60%
b. 80%
c. 100%
d. 40%
e. 20%
15. Bite marks were found present on the
areola of a rape victim. Wat type of analysis
can be utilized to identify the perpetrator?
a. Forensic serology
b. Forensic odontology
c. Forensic dactylography
d. Forensic footwear analysis
16. Moral virginity is a state of not knowing
the nature of sexual life and not having
experienced sexual relations.
a. False
b. True
17. This is a form of sexual perversion
wherein the real or fantasied presence of an
object or bodily part is necessary for sexual
stimulus and/or gratification.
a. Mysophilia
b. Urolagnia
c. Uranism
d. Fetishism
e. Anilingus
18. What ae not included as a means by
which a man can seduce a woman in the
crime of seduction?
a. Solicitation
b. Promises to Marry
c. The use of bribes
d. Use of Persuasive Words
e. Use of intimidation
19. Abotion is a crime in the Revised Penal
Code but the treatment of abortion
complications is required by the
Reproductive Health Act. which of the
following are a complications of abortion?
a. All of the choices
b. Hemorrhage
c. Embolism
d. Sepsis
e. Shock
20. The following means can be utilized to
commit acts of lasciviousness excep
a. Using force
b. Using bribes
c. Using alcohol
d. Using threats
e. Using narcotics
21. It was found that the perpetrators of
torture were active members of the
Philippine Navy. it was also found that they
committed the acts in the confines of their
ship BRP Magtanggol. The Captain of the
vessel interposed the defense that he is not
liable because he was not the perpetrator.
Is the defense acceptable?
a. No, because the law makes him
liable for whatever acts of torture he
has ommitted while saving under the
Armd Forces of the Philippines
b. Yes, because the absence of the
Commander absolves him from
criminal liability
c. No, because the law specifically
makes him liable for acts of torture
committed by units under his
command.
d. Yes, because he is note expected to
know of everything that goes on his
camp and this absolves him from
criminal liability
22. The sexual deviant uses obscene
language or profane words to obtain sexual
gratification.
a. Satyriasis
b. Coprolalia
c. Homosexual
d. Ospresiophlia
e. Bestophilia
23. Sodium amytal which is a drug used in
deception detection is also considered a
poison in large doses. It is under what
classification?
 a. Irrespirable Gas a. Stalking
b. Tranquilizers b. Sexual violence
c. Paralysant c. Battering of Women
d. Agrochemical poisons d. Psychological Violence
e. Stimulants e. Economic abuse
24. Luisa was a 3rd year med student who f. None of the choices
was in a relationship with Manny who her 28. Con. Durugas convinced 19-year old
classmate. During sex, Manny suggested Felisa to have sex with him despite his
they record their lovemaking. excited , Luisa being married. Flattered at the interest of
agreed. Subsequently, they had a falling out the congressman, she readily agreed. What
and they broke up. Luisa moved on and offense did the congressman commit?
became involved with James. Manny a. None of the choices
uploaded the sex video to youtube as well b. Rape
as other live streaming sites to show the c. Concubinage
world that he was the first to get Luisa. She d. Adultery
promptly filed a case against him. What did e. Qualified seduction
he violate? f. Acts of lasciviousness
a. Revised Penal Code 29. The accuracy of polygraph examination
b. No violation was committed because depends on the skill of the examiner and
Luisa consented to the making of the can vary from 77.55% to 91.5%.
video. a. True
c. The Anti-VAWC Act of 2004 b. False
d. Anti Photo and Video Voyeurism Act 30. Which of the following poisons targets
of 2009 the brain for its remote action?
25. Janice was abducted and subsequently a. Phosphorus
raped. On medicolegal examination, one of b. Snake venom
the findings was that the inside surface of c. Strychnine
her lip suffered from contusions. These d. Curare
could be secondary to what event? e. Alcohol
a. Her being strangulated 31. Charles was accused of raping his
b. Her being forced to perform fellatio neighbor Leah. It was alleged that he had
c. Her being punched in the mouth threatened to stab her with a knife such that
d. None of the choices he was able to have sexual intercourse with
e. Her mouth being forcefully closed to her. What wuld be a valid defense for rape?
prevent her from making a sound a. Sterility
26. In which of the following offense is it b. Neither of the choices
required that sexual intercourse must c. Both of the choices
occur? d. Impotence
a. Abuse against chastity 32. This is an offense committed by a public
b. Rape officer by soliciting to a woman interested in
c. Qualified seduction matters pending before the offending officer
d. Consented abduction for decision:
27. Under Republic Act 9262, which of the a. Abuse against chastity
following acts is not penalized? b. Seduction
 c. Corruption of minors
d. White slavery
e. Grave scandal
33. A knife was found in a crime scene
which was suspected of having latent prints
by the investigators. What are latent prints
that the police referring to?
a. These are fingerprints which have
been made on a soft surface.
b. These are fingerprint which are
invisible to the naked eye
c. These are fingerprints which are
readily visible.
d. These are fingerprints which have
three dimensional characteristics.
34. John and Yoko were not able to
conceive children. So they hired a Filipina
Jennifer to carry their child to term by
means of implanting the zygote to her
uterus. The sperm and egg are John’s and
Yoko’s respectively. Unde the law, what is
the status of the child?
a. Indeterminable
b. Illegitimate
c. Natural
d. Legitimate
35. Leah alleged that the driver of the
tricycle she was riding had sexually
assaulted her by the roadside. Which of the
following supports the allegation of Leah?
a. Lacerations on her cheek
b. Contusions and abrasions on her
breast
c. Abrasions on her back
d. Contusions that were found on the
inner portion of her lips
36. Lala married her high school sweetheart
at the start of law school. During her third
year, she met a good looking professor who
was previously married. They began texting
and she confided in him that she and her
husband were having some problems. This
exchange subsequently led to an intimate
relationship. One day her husband followed
her and saw how she went with the
professor to the motel near her school. He
talked to the motel boy an found out that the
room they were in had a one way mirror and
he subsequently recorded the entire
passionate episode. The husband can file
what case against them?
a. Both of the choices
b. Neither of the two choices
c. Adultery
d. Concubinage
37. A 25 year old mental retardate with a
mental age of 10 is still considered under
the rape law as statutory rape?
a. True
b. False
38. Dexter was arrested for murder using a
poison that functions by estroying the
integrity of the tissue thru a “burning action”.
What is this type of poison?
a. Convulsants
b. Corrosives
c. Excitants
d. Agrochemical poisons
e. Ethylene glycol
39. Maine is a 19 year old lady student
studying under Prof. Alden. The Professor
from a well to do family. One night, the
Professor asked his student to go out with
him for a few drinks. Thrilled, the young lady
went along. As the night woe on, they
became more intimate and ultimately, she
succumbed to the charms of Prof Alden. As
the semester wore on, the relationship
fizzled. She subsequently filed a case
against her professor. Upon filing of the
complaint, she was made to undergo
medicolegal examination in the NBI.
findings of multiple healed lacerations at the
5 o’clock and 7 o’clock position with sharp
coaptible borders were noted but no other
external injuries were present. These
findings are indicative that the lacerations
were how many days old?
 a. Recent origin
b. More than 3 weeks
c. 4-10 days
d. 2-3 weeks
40. The following are the requisites for the
crime of rape except:
a. None of the choices
b. Force, threat or intimation
c. The victim is less than 12 years of
age.
d. Sexual intercourse
e. Deprived of reason or otherwise
unconscious
41. In the course of the questioning in a
polygraph examination, the examiner can
utilize which of the following techniques in
questioning
a. MMPI
b. Probable-lie Questions Test
c. Response/Nonresponse Test
d. Control Questions Test
42. Joseph helped her 18 year old niece
find clients interested in having sex with her
for cut of the profits. What offense did he
commit?
a. Prostitution
b. White Slave Trade
c. Corruption of minors
d. Abuse against Chastity
43. A person who shall prostitute a minor is
guilty of all the following offenses except
a. White Slave Trade
b. Abuse against chastity
c. RA 7610
d. Corruption of Minors
e. Anti-Trafficking in Persons
44. On medicolegal examination, it was
found that some of the hymenal lacerations
found were already healed. This would
indicate that the victim was in a non-virgin
state at the time of the assault. Which of the
following are true?
a. The virginity of the victim is not
relevant to the crime of rape
b. Since the victim was already a
non-virgin, then no rape could have
been committed.
c. The crime of rape could only be
committed if there was actual sexual
intercourse.
d. The findings do not support the
allegation of rape.
45. 2 suspects were brought to the police
station for an alleged homicide. They were
separated and interrogated in different
rooms. Which technique of interrogation
was employed?
a. Allow the subject to make lengthy
time consuming narration
b. Stern approach
c. Emotional appeal
d. Mutt and Jeff Technique
e. Bluff on split-pair technique
46. What is the status of a child who was
born during the valid marriage of the
parents but the parents subsequently had
their marriage annulled due to psychological
incapacity?
a. He becomes illegitimate
b. None of the choices
c. He becomes an acknowledged child
d. He becomes what is known as an
unnatural child
e. He is legitimate
47. What are the instances when rape is
punishable by reclusion perpetua to death
(when death is again allowed by the state)
a. When the victim becomes pregnant
b. When the victim becomes afflicted
with venereal disease
c. When the victim becomes insane
d. When the victim almost dies
because of the rape
48. Psilocybin which is the active
component in magic mushrooms is
classified under what tyoe of poison?
a. Tranquilizers
b. Stimulant, excitant and hallucinogen
 c. Agrochemical Poisons
d. Corrosive and Metallic Poisons
e. Convulsant
49. The offense of Sexual Harassment can
only be comitted in an educational or
workplace environement.
a. True
b. False
50. This is a contract wherein a third party
bears the genetic offspring of another to
delivery.
a. Artificial Insemination
b. Maternity
c. Of-site fertilization
d. Surrogacy
e. Artificial Filiation
51. A 25-year-old female was found in a
room with 100% burns on her body. The
tongue was protruding out, body in pugilistic
attitude with heat ruptures, peeling of skin
and heat hematomas and heat fractures of
skull. Carboxyhemoglobin was 25% and
soot particles were present in trachea.
Which of the combination of two findings will
establish that victim was burned alive?
a. Carboxyhemoglobin and soot in the
airway
b. Heat fracture of the skull and peeling
of the skin
c. Heat hematoma and pugilistic
attitude
d. Heat hematoma and heat rupture
e. All of the choices
52. Mr. A and Mr. B are brothers. Together
they abused the daughters ages 3 and 7 of
Mr. A. when Mrs. A found out about the
alleged abuse, she immediately went to the
nearest women’s desk and iled a complaint
against Mr. A and Mr. B. She was advised
by the duty officer to have her daughters
examined at the PNP Crime Lab at Camp
Crame. Upon examination, the following
was noted in the genital findings of the 2.
Daughter 1 (7 y/o): Multiple healed
complete lacerations at the 3 o’clock, 6
o’clock, 8 o’clock and deep laceration at the
12 o'clock positions
Daughter 2 (3 y/o): Compound laceration at
the 6 o’clock position extending to the
rectum, bleeding. Multiple laceration at te 3
o’clock, 9 o’clock, 8 o’clock positions,
superficial laceration at the 12 o’clock
position.
What is the implication of the finding on
Daughter 2?
a. That the daughter has engaged in
anal intercourse with the father.
b. That the most recent abuse was
within 24 hours but that the abuse
has been ongoing for some time.
c. None of the choices are correct
d. That the daughter was a virgin
during the latest assault.
53. This is a technique of interrogation that
utilized harsh languages, immediate
response is demanded:
a. Bluff on split-pair technique
b. Emotional appeal
c. Allow the subject to make lengthy
time-consuming narration
d. Stern approach
e. Mutt and Jeff technique
54. A medicolegal testified taht the slug
recovered from the body of a dead rape
vicim was .45 caliber. He was asked how
the caliber of the weapon is determined.
The correct explanation is?
a. None of these are correct
b. The measurement involves getting
the width of the bullet using a caliper
c. The measurement involves
measuring the size of the chamber
of the gun
d. The measurement involves
measuring the distance between 2
lands
 e. The measurement involves
measuring the length of the …..
55. This is a term which refers to a condition
of a woman who permits any form of sexual
liberty as long as they refrain from rupturing
the hymen
a. Demi-virginity
b. False Physical Virginity
c. True Physical Virginity
d. Moral Virginity
e. Virgo Intacta
56. The term psychological abuse in
Republic Act of 9262 or Anti-Violence
Against Women and Their Children Act of
2004 refers to the following except:
a. Public adoration
b. Intimidation
c. None of the choices
d. Harassment
e. Repeated verbal abuse
57. What is the frequency of the voice
modulations that is monitored in voice
analysis?
a. 8-14 hz
b. 27-40 hz
c. 15-26 hz
d. 41-54 hz
e. 2-7 hz
58. Phyllis was a 3rd year med student who
“accidentally” got pregnant when her
boyfriend failed to perform their
contraceptive method of choice
(withdrawal). She decided to go to Quiapo
to look for “pamparegla” drugs. She inquired
with the pharmacist and the pharmacist
recommended the use of drug C. the
pharmacist is guilty of:
a. Intentional abortion
b. Illegal dispensation of abortifacients
c. Unintentional abortion
d. Abortion performed by the woman
59. This was a type nerve toxin that was
used by the Death Cult Aum Shrinrikyo in
Tokyo Subway Attacks
a. Phosgene
b. VX Gas
c. Agent Orange
d. Sarin
60. This is a type of hymen wherein the
hymen presents several openings.
a. Infantile
b. Linear
c. Semilunar
d. Cribriform
e. Annular
61. The following acts are punished under
the Anti Trafficking inPersons Act of 2003
except:
a. To contract marriage for the purpose
of offering or selling them to engage
in prostitution, pornography or
sexual exploitation
b. To organize tours and travel plans
consistingof tourism packages for
the purpose of utilizing and offering
persons for pornography or sexual
exploitation
c. To introduce any person or any
Filipino national for marriage
d. To recruit under the pretext of
overseas employment for the
purpose of prostitution
62. One of the devices connected during
polygraph examination to a suspect was
electrodes to his fingertips, what is this
attachment measuring?
a. Dermatologic response
b. Electrochemical response
c. Galvanic Skin Response
d. All of the choices
63. Nymphomania is the excessive sexual
desire in women. The similar condition in
men is known as what?
a. Satyriasis
b. Coprolalia
c. Pygmalionism
d. Irrumation
e. Narcissism
64. Mario and Cori have been trying to get
pregnant for 10 years. They consulted an
OB regarding the problem. What is the rate
of unexplained infertility in women?
a. 30%
b. 20%
c. 50%
d. 40%
65. After a group of suspects of a shooting
was caught, one was interrogated for 18
hours and prevented from falling asleep.
These are classified as what type of torture
under Philippine law?
a. Mental Torture
b. Sexual Torture
c. Psychiatric Torture
d. Physical Torture
66. Geralt wanted to have Mr. and Mrs.
Dela Cruz acknowledge him as their son.
He went to Court and was told to bring
proofs of filiation to prove his case. Which of
the following are valid proofs of filiation:
a. Act of birth
b. Possession of status, whether
continuous or interrupted
c. The child is born within 301 days
after the death of the father
d. A 99.999% match in the DNA of
Geralt and Mr Sy.
67. Candy was a grade 9 student. During
the school fair, she was given a drink by a
female teacher which caused her to become
dizzy. The teacher brought her to the office
and she fell asleep at the couch. She woke
up with her blouse open and the teacher
fondling her breast. She immediately ran
away and reported the teacher. She was
charged with
a. Attempted rape
b. Qualified seduction
c. Simple seduction
d. Acts of lasciviousness
68. Babylyn is pregnant for the first time.
While she was 31 weeks pregnant, she
started having rhythmic abdominal pain
followed by watery vaginal discharge. She
was rushed to the ER where she suffered
convulsions. An emergency Cesarean
section was performed and she delivered a
live preterm baby boy. After an hour, the
mother passed away. After 12 hours, her
child followed her to heaven. Which of the
following is correct?
a. The child is not Babylyn’s heir
because he did not survive for 24
hours.
b. The child is Babylyn’s heir because
he was born alive.
c. None of the choices is correct.
d. The child’s status cannot be
determined.
69. What is considered a complete hymenal
laceration?
a. Laceration extending up to more
than one half of the total width of the
hymen but not reaching the base of
the vaginal wall.
b. Laceration extending to the
surrounding tissues beyond the
vaginal canal
c. Laceration involving the total width
of the hymen
d. Laceration extending up to one half
of the total width of the hymen
70. Alice was depressed because she had
just failed the board exams. She invited her
friends to go drinking. On the way home,
she fell asleep so she didn’t notice that they
had stopped at a motel on the way home.
She woke up naked and with her woman
friend inserting her finger into her vagina.
She immediately put up stop to it ans
reported to the women’s desk who promptly
filed a case of ___.
a. RA 9262 or Violence Against
Women
b. Rape
c. Seduction
 d. Acts of lasciviousness
e. Forcible abduction
71. The definition of a compound laceration
is:
a. Laceration involving the total width
of the hymen
b. Laceration extending to the
surrounding tissues beyond the
vaginal canal
c. Laceration extending up to more
than one half of the total width of the
hymen but not reaching the base of
the vaginal wall
d. Laceration extending up to one half
of the total width of the hymen
72. A group of notorious bank robbers were
arrested. They were later found dead in a
dumpsite in Rodriguez, Rizal. On doing a
toxicology screen of his blood, it was noted
that there was excessive amouts of a drug
used in narcoanalysis. An example of such
drug is
a. Scopolamine
b. Hyoscine n-butyl bromide
c. Hyoscine hydrobromide
d. Sodium pentothal
73. This is a type of action of poisons taht
utilizes transmission through the nerves of
the local site to the central nervous system
and then to the organs they control.
a. Remote action
b. Both of the choices
c. Neither of the choices
d. Local action
74. Paulo had an amorous relationship with
Leah, a GRO that he met in Pegasus. After
a few months, he found out that she was
pregnant. He confronted her and he
admitted that it was his child. He refused to
accept the word of the mother and
demanded a DNA paternity test. Which of
the following is true regarding the use of
DNA to prove paternity?
a. DNA match between the DNA of the
child and the father conclusively
proves paternity 100%.
b. A mitochondrial DNA match
conclusively proves paternity.
c. A negative DNA match conclusively
proves that the child is not his.
d. A DNA test is not helpful in
determining conclusively questions
of paternity
75. This is a technique of deception
detection that detects ,measures and
graphically displays voice modulations that
we cannot hear:
a. Word Association Test
b. Guilt Complex test
c. Silent Answer test
d. Polygraph test
e. Psychological Stress Evaluator test
76. This term is used to refer to a truly virgin
woman who has no structural changes in
her organ to infer previous sexual
intercourse as well as having the
characteristic of being a virtuous woman.
a. Physical virginity
b. Demi-virginity
c. Moral virginity
d. Virgo Intacta
77. The following are means to commit the
crime of concubinage except?
a. Keeping a mistress in the conjugal
dwelling
b. Cohabiting with her in any other
place
c. Slipping quietly out in the middle of
the night to meet the paramour in a
motel
d. Having sexual intercourse under
scandalous circumstances with a
woman not his wife
78. A prospective employee is made to
undergo a polygraph examination while
undergoing the test, he was made to
answer questions which pertain to his
integrity. At the end of the examination it
was found that he was lying. The type of
question being asked of the accused are
known as:
a. Relevant
b. Peak of tension tests
c. Irrelevant
d. Control
79. An 18 yar old girl decided to elope with
her 16 year old boyfriend. Their love bore
them a bouncing baby boy. Later, the
sweethearts married and lived happily ever
after. The child’s status is:
a. Legitimated
b. Illegitimate
c. Natural
d. Legitimate
80. 2 victims were found in a crime scene. A
sample was obtained from which tested
positive for Brentamine Fast Blue. this
reagent is used as a
a. Presumptive test for semen
b. Presumptive test for vaginal
secretions
c. Presumptive test for saliva
d. Presumptive test for blood
81. During the late part of the 19th century,
which drug was considered the bone of
society and thus it use was criminalized?
a. Morphine
b. Opium
c. Pethidine
d. Cocaine
82. Whom of the following are individuals
who commit an abuse of confidence under
the crime of qualified seduction?
a. Priest
b. A Barangay Chairman
c. A Mayor
d. A Congressman
e. A Professor
83. What is the status of a child who was
born prior to marriage but the parents were
subsequently married after reaching 18
years of age?
a. He needs to be adopted to become
legitimate
b. He is legitimated by the marriage
c. He is legitimate from conception to
present
d. He is illegitimate from conception to
present
84. Dr. M. Sayad decided that his 55 y/o
patient had suffered enough from the pain
of stage IV osteosarcoma. He decided to
end his suffering by giving him 1000 units of
insulin. As a result of the injection, the
patient dies. He was found guilty of murder
because insulin is considered a poison.
Insulin is classified as what type of poison?
a. Excitant Poison
b. Convulsant Poison
c. Tranquilizers
d. Hypoglycemics
85. A patient was brought to ER due to
mauling after he was attacked by a
bystander from attempting to rape a
undergraduate student. He was discharged
by attending physician after two weeks of
admission in the hospital and given a further
7 days rest. If he were to file a case against
the bystander, what crime did he cmmit?
a. Slight Physical Injuries
b. Mutilation
c. Less Serious Physical Injuries
d. Serious Physical Injuries
e. Serious Physical Injuries inflicted in
a tumultuous affray
86. There was an allegation that a victim
was assaulted multiple times by several
men. On medicolegal examination, the
amount of semen collected supports the
theory that there were multiple assaults.
This is because the normal amount of
semen per ejaculation is
a. 2 to 6 ml
b. 10 ml exactly
 c. 6 to 12 ml
d. 1 to 2 ml
87. Whenever he gets drunk, the husband
periodically forces the wife to have
intercourse with him. Upon genital
examination in the ER, it was noted that she
had fresh contusions along the labia majora
as well as abrasions in the avgina. Upon
being charged with rape, the husband
advanced the defense that a husband
cannot be guilty of raping his wife. The
following statements are false regarding this
scenario except:
a. The fact of drunkenness is a
justification for the husband to forse
himself upon the wife.
b. The lack of a hymenal laceration is
prima facie proof of consensual
intercourse.
c. A husband cannot commit the crime
of rape upon his wife because the
sexual act is part of the cohabitation
inherent in marriage.
d. The collateral findings presented is
only suggestive only that intercourse
had occurred.
88. This phenomenon encountered in
polygraph examination refers to the
variance between individuals in the level of
their autonomic arousal.
a. Autonomic psychopathy
b. Cerebellar dysfunction
c. Autonomic instability
d. Autonomic lability
e. Cerebral aganglionosis
89. The following are considered Probable
Evidence of Pregnancy Except
a. Abdominal Enlargement
b. Presence of Braxton Hicks
Contractions
c. Changes in the cervix
d. Changes in the size of the uterus
e. The OB’s perception of fetal heart
tone
90. Alyssa is an 11 year old girl who is
mature beyond her years. She started
having a boyfriend at the tender age of 10
and was sexually active by 11. When her
parents discovered that she had an 18 year
old boyfriend whom she was sexually active
with. They filed a complaint against him in
the Women’s Desk. What offense did he
commit?
a. Ra 9262
b. Consented Abduction
c. Simple Seduction
d. Rape
91. Mr. A and Mr. B are brothers. Together
they abused the daughters ages 3 and 7 of
Mr. A. when Mrs. A found out about the
alleged abuse, she immediately went to the
nearest women’s desk and iled a complaint
against Mr. A and Mr. B. She was advised
by the duty officer to have her daughters
examined at the PNP Crime Lab at Camp
Crame. Upon examination, the following
was noted in the genital findings of the 2.
Daughter 1 (7 y/o): Multiple healed
complete lacerations at the 3 o’clock, 6
o’clock, 8 o’clock and deep laceration at the
12 o'clock positions
Daughter 2 (3 y/o): Compound laceration at
the 6 o’clock position extending to the
rectum, bleeding. Multiple laceration at te 3
o’clock, 9 o’clock, 8 o’clock positions,
superficial laceration at the 12 o’clock
position.
What is the implication of the healed
laceration in Daughter 1.
a. The abuse has been going on for at
least a month
b. That the daughter did not resist the
advances of the father
c. That the sexual act was consensual
 d. That the daughter had sexual
intercourse with other ….
92. A woman promptly filed a case of rape
after she woke up naked with her officemate
after a drinking spree the night before. He
used the defense that she had consented to
the act. The defense was not accepted by
the Assistant City Prosecutor who found
probable cause because:
a. The woman was a virgin and it was
highly unlikely that she would
subject herself to the shame of a
genital examination merely to
fabricate a story taht she was raped.
b. One of the ways of committing rape
is by depriving the victim of reason
by means of drunkenness or drugs.
c. There was carnal knowledge.
d. There were no defensive wounds on
the body of the victim.
93. After a group of suspects of a shooting
was caught, one was deprived of oxygen by
submersion in water and his companion
was tortured by inserting electrical wires into
his genitalia. These are classified as what
type of torture under Philippine law?
a. Psychological Torture
b. Sexual Torture
c. Mental Torture
d. Physical Torture
94. In a motel room where an alleged rape
occurred, the Crime Scene investigators
were collecting evidence for identification of
the occupants. After powder dusting, a
fingerprint was developed. Which of the
following patterns may be found except:
a. Loops
b. Arches
c. Whorls
d. None of the choices
e. Composites
95. The following are valid methods of
identifying positions except
a. Immunoassay
b. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
c. Mass Spectrometry
d. High Performance Liquid
Chromatography
e. Gas Chromatography
96. Under the law, marital infidelity of the
husband is not punishable.
a. False
b. True
97. Who was the one who theorized that
monitoring vital signs like blood pressure
and heart rate could be used to detect
falsehood?
a. Ellena Schodinger
b. Dr. Paul Eckman
c. William Marston
d. Mark Dellinger
e. Ritam Ganguli
98. Lorna was married to Martin. During
their married life, Lorna had an affair with
Gabby. As a result of the affair, she got
pregnant and gave birth to Linda. Which of
the following is true:
a. Linda is considered the illegitimate
child of Lorna
b. Linda is considered the legitimate
child of Lorna and Gabby
c. Linda is considered illegitimate
d. Linda is considered the legitimate
child of Lorna and Martin
99. Girlie was a widow who had two
daughters aged 20 and 16. She remarried
and initially had a normal life. Unknown to
her, her new husband sometimes takes out
both her daughters and sells them into
prostitution. When she found what he was
doing, she immediately confronted him and
he started cursing her. She wen to the
Barangay and filed a complaint against him.
What law did they use against the husband?
a. Juvenile Justice Act
b. Anti-Violence Against Women and
Children Law
c. The Family Code
 d. Child and Youth Welfare Code
100. What does the presence of hymenal
lacerations in the medicolegal report
indicate:
a. That rape have been committed
b. Consensual sexual intercourse
c. That intercourse had occurred
d. Forcible sexual intercourse
 FEU-NICANOR REYES MEDICAL FOUNDATION
DEPARTMENT OF #B-YATCH
LEGAL MEDICINE
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
1st SEMESTER 2014 - 2015

The following scenario is for use in questions 1 – 10

Jed and Jet were involved in the shooting of a businessman as he was going out of a restaurant. They
sustained severe injuries after falling through a collapsed bridge resulting to their death. Their relatives
requested that an autopsy be done to determine the cause of death. Meanwhile the police conducted
further investigations of the shooting of the businessman.

1. The relatives may approach who of the following to perform autopsy

a. PNP Medical Doctors c. Director of the NBI
b. City Health Officers d. Barangay Health Workers

2. During the autopsy, Jed was noted to have hematomas in both the frontal lobe as well as the
occipital lobe of the brain. This type of injury described as
a. Coup injury c. Coup-contrecoup injury
b. Contrecoup injury d. Locus minoris Resistericia

3. Jet sustained severe injuries and was comatose for 2 months. During the course of his hospital stay,
a transplant coordinator approached the family regarding possible organ donation. The family
agreed provided that it could be proven that he was brain dead. What needs to be shown to
determine brain death?
a. Pupils fixed and dilated c. Isoelectric electroencephalogram
b. Asystole in electrocardiogram d. Glascow Coma Scale of 3

4. One of the injuries of the businessman showed a blackened entry wound, with some of the blackish
dust being easily wiped off while some of the blackish material adhering to the skin. The nature of
the blackish dust which was easily wiped off is
a. Uncombusted gunpowder c. Gun oil from the barrel
b. Completely combusted gunpowder d. Metal fouling from previous firing

5. This blackish dust in question 4 is known as

a. Muzzle flash c. Tattooing
b. Smudging d. Primer residue

6. The substance adhering to the skin is

a. Incompletely combusted gunpowder c. Gun oil from the barrel
b. Completely combusted gunpowder d. Metal fouling from previous firing

1 #JAYRIZZI
7. The substance in question 6 is known as
a. Muzzle flash c. Tattooing
b. Smudging d. Primer residue

8. A circular injury surrounding the point of entry was also noted. This injury is known as
a. Muzzle burns c. Tattooing
b. Smudging d. Contusion Collar

9. Injuries described in no.9 results from?

a. The effect of the bullet on the elasticity of the skin.
b. The release of pressure from the barrel as a result of the burning of gunpowder
c. The effect of the flame upon the skin.
d. The effect of the hot barrel of the gun on the bare skin

10. Injuries as described in no.9 would indicate that the victim was hit from what range?
a. Contact fire c. Medium range fire
b. Near Contact fire d. Long range fire

8==========)
The following scenario is for use in questions 11-16
Col. M. Cadag went home early from Camp Crème to surprise his wife with a long promised dinner.
When he got home, he was surprised when he found his wife having sex with the neighbor Fob
Matigas in their bedroom. He reached for his sidearm ad shot both Fob and his wife until they were
dead.

11. He is liable for

a. Murder c. Parricide
b. Homicide d. Death Inflicted Under Exceptional Circumstances

12. The relatives of the wife wanted the Col. Cadag to be charged with the crime of murder. However,
the prosecutor stated that murder required certain attendant qualifying circumstances in order to
be charged. Which of the following is not such a qualifying circumstances?
a. Evident premeditation c. Abuse of superior strength
b. Lechery d. Use of a motor vehicle

13. The projectile that was recovered from the body of the paramour neighbor showed that there were
circular marks on it. This results from
a. The grooves that are found inside the barrel of the gun
b. The ignition of the propellant inside the cartridge

2 #JAYRIZZI
 c. The action of the firing pin on the percussion cap
d. The action of the ejector on the rim of the cartridge

14. The weapon of Col. Cadag was said to be .45 caliber. The caliber of a weapon is determined by
a. The width of the bullet
b. The size of the chamber of the rifle or pistol
c. The distance between two opposite lands in the barrel
d. The width of the casing of the bullet

15. The weapon of the Col. Cadag was said to have a twist rate of 1:12 with a left-handed twist. This
refers to
a. The distance that groove needs to complete a revolution in the barrel with a clockwise rotation
b. The distance that groove needs to complete a revolution in the barrel with a counterclockwise
rotation.
c. The distance that the groove travels in the barrel with a clockwise rotation.
d. The distance that the groove travels in the barrel with a counterclockwise rotation.

16. The body of Fob showed multiple exit wounds. The following is/are true regarding exit wounds of
gunshot wounds.
a. There is a 1:2 correlation between entrance and exit wounds
b. All exit wounds are everted
c. It is possible to have no exit wounds
d. The exit wounds of a hollow point bullet is smaller than that of the entrance wound

8============)
The following scenarios is for use in questions 17-20
Several Frat brothers is decided to party after the midterm exams. They decided to go to Juanitos and
party. In the course of their party, they encountered another group of revelers from a rival fraternity.
Words were exchanged and a rumble ensued. During the course of the rumble, the archon pulled out a
gun and shot a member of the rival frat. Others sustained physical injuries and eventually 1 died.

17. The archon is guilty of

a. Murder c. Serious Physical Injuries
b. Death in a tumultuous affray d. Homicide

18. While at the hospital, some of the injuries noted on the feuding parties were described as effusion
of blood to the surrounding tissue with the formation of a cavity
a. Abrasion b. Contusion c. Hematoma d. Laceration

19. One of the findings in the medicolegal certificate includes cerebral concussion. The following are
not sequelae of cerebral concussion
a. Loss of consciousness b. Confusion c. Paresthesia d. Amnesia

3 #JAYRIZZI
20. During the fracas, one of the injured sustained an injury after being hit by a chair resulting to a
tearing of the skin and underlying tissue. The injury is known as
a. Abrasion b. Contusion c. Hematoma d. Laceration

21. Yaniee was a 34 year old 33 weeks AOG G1P0 who sought prenatal consult for lack of fetal
movement. On pelvic ultrasound she was diagnosed with intrauterine fetal death. She was
subsequently admitted and she delivered a baby whose body was discolored with the skin peeling
off and the arms flaccid ad frail. The condition of the fetus is known as
a. Maceration b. Saponification c. Adipocere formation d. Mummification

8==========)
The following scenario is for use in questions 22-24
While Wini was planting in a rice field, a sudden downpour occurred forcing her to take shelter in a
grove of Ipil Ipil trees. However, as the downpour continued, the grove was hit by a lightning
causing injury to Wini. She was brought to a nearby hospital for treatment.

22. One of the injuries noted by the resident was burns which are described as radiating from a point.
These are known as
a. Fligree burns b. Arboretum burns c. Lichtenstein figures d. All of the above

23. Wini was noted to have a bluish discoloration of the skin around her neck. This could possibly be
caused by
a. Sublimation b. Deposition c. Metallization d. Saponification

24. Eventually she succumbed to her injuries while in the ER. Which is not a possible injury secondary to
lightning strikes?
a. Fracture of the bones c. Fusion of metals ad glass
b. Demagnetization of metals in the clothing d. Singeing of the hair

25. A body was found floating in the Tullahan River. It was bloated and smelled of a foul odor. On
examination by a medicolegal expert, he explained that this was brought about by breaking down of
the complex proteins into simpler components which results in the release of foul smelling gases.
a. Putrefaction b. Suggillation c. Maceration d. All of the above

4 #JAYRIZZI
8==========)
The following scenario is for use in questions 26-29
A group of terrorists were able to infiltrate the U.P. Marine Science Institute. They were able to steal 10
kg of radioactive material that was scheduled to be used for species tagging. They combined the stolen
material with dynamite and detonated it inside the cinema of SM North.

26. The type of bomb that was used by the terrorist is known as
a. Dirty bomb b. Salted bomb c. Fission bomb d. Fusion bomb

27. The following are expected injuries in this type of conflagration except
a. Thermal burns b. Contusion collar c. Shrapnel Injury d. Tympanic membrane damage

28. The following injuries could be reasonably expected from the bodies recovered directly in contact
with the explosion except
a. Fragmentation of the body
b. Puncture bruises
c. Peppering of shrapnel
d. None of the above

29. The type of explosive used was once which results in the extremely rapid decomposition of
nitrogenous compounds resulting to detonation. This is known as
a. High order condensed reactant explosive c. Diffuse reactant explosive
b. Low order condensed reactant explosive d. Hydrostatic explosive

30. Mr. BBC brought his son’s cadaver to the PNP Crime laboratory for autopsy to determine the cause
of death. He is insisting that his son was a victim of foul play. However the conclusion of the
autopsy contained the words negative autopsy. This means that
a. The son was not autopsied
b. The son died of natural causes
c. The son’s cause of death could not be determined
d. The son died of foul play

31. An experienced oil rig diver was forced to surface from depth while working in the Malampaya
Natural Gas Fields without decompression when his regulator malfunctioned. He could experience
the following due to the rapid decompression except
a. “bends” b. “chokes” c. Nitrogen Narcosis d. Substernal Emphysema

5 #JAYRIZZI
32. Nico Beast was a security guard for ABC Building. One night, a group of teenagers broke into
building to play a prank on the unsuspecting guard. Their sudden noise startled Nico and he shot
himself with his shotgun. He sustained multiple small gunshot wounds numbering approximately 30
in number. The ammunition in Nico Beast’s shotgun was most probably
a. Buckshot b. Birdshot c. Rifled slug d. Wad cutter slug

33. A scuba diver was descending to his target depth. As he descended he used a maneuver to equalize
the pressure I his middle ear and his nasopharynx that involved forcing air through the Eustachian
tube. The procedure is known as
a. Tomodachi Maneuver c. Boyle’s Maneuver
b. Valsalva Maneuver d. Charles’ Maneuver

34. A domineering grandmother was hysterically insisting that her daughter in law be charged with
infanticide for the death of her 7 day old grandson. The City Prosecutor disagreed and said that an
infant is defined in infanticide is
a. A newborn up to 28 days old c. A child less than 3 days old
b. A baby up to 2 years old d. A child less than 2 months old

8==========)
The following scenario is for use in questions 35-37
Enrique received the bad news that his girlfriend was pregnant with another man’s
baby. He started feeling depressed and drinking. At the height of his drunkenness, he
decided to end his life. He got his father’s .45 caliber pistol and pressed it against his
temple and fired.

35. On autopsy, the following findings can be expected except

a. Wound small and stellate shaped c. Singeing is present
b. Tattooing is present d. Burns the present

36. The edges of the contact wounds such as those occurring I the above case usually exhibit burns in
point of entry because
a. The proximity of the barrel to the skin causes heat transfer
b. The ignition of the gunpowder causes fire to come out of the barrel
c. The superheated air coming out of the gun causes thermal burns
d. The explosion in the chamber case causes the bullet to heat up

37. The mechanism of injury of gunshot wounds include the following

a. Laceration and Permanent Cavity of the bullet trajectory
b. Instantaneous linear displacement of the soft tissue during the passage of the bullet
c. Hydrophobic Force
d. Fracture of Bullet

6 #JAYRIZZI
38. While doing an exploratory laparotomy, Dr. Limbo forgot to do a sponge and instrument count
because he was hurrying to catch a date with his hot intern. As a result, he left a clamp inside the
abdominal cavity w/c caused the death of his patient. He is subsequently sued and prosecuted. He
is most probably guilty of
a. Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide b. Murder c. Homicide d. Negligence

39. An example of a shoulder fired firearm is

a. Shotgun b. Pistol c. Revolver d. Rifle

40. When a wounding agent produces communication between the inner and outer portion of hollow
organs, it is termed
a. Superficial b. Penetrating c. Perforating d. None of the above

41. A body was found in an abandoned lot in north Fairview. At the time, the whole body was found to
be stiffened. The time of death is at least
a. 6 hours b. 12 hours c. 18 hours d. 24 hours

42. The complete relaxation and softening of all the muscles found immediately after death is termed
a. Period of muscular flaccidity c. Cadaveric Rigidity
b. Stage of Primary flaccidity d. Rigor Mortis

43. A sniper from the second Scout Ranger Regiment based in Fort Magsaysay was training for long
range firing. He noted that aside from the forward motion, the bullet seems to have other types of
movement which affected his accuracy. A bullet after being fired from a gun or a rifle moves in the
following manner except
a. Oscillating b. Spinning c. Tumbling d. Wobbling

44. An example of a stable high order explosive is

a. Gunpowder b. Fulminate of Mercury c. Dynamite d. Picric Acid

45. Mang Kanor was brought to the ER in impending CP Arrest secondary to acute myocardial infarction.
The ER Physician attempted to intervene by performing ACLS but to no avail, Patient was
pronounced dead on the 3rd hour of post admission. The death certificate must be issues within
a. 24 hour b. 48 hours c. 1 week d. 1 month

46. Manny was a professional boxer. In one match he suffered multiple blows to the face resulting to
his being knocked out. The following are expected findings except
a. Cerebral Contusion c. Spectate Hematoma
b. Cerebral infarct d. Cauliflower Ears

7 #JAYRIZZI
8==========)

The following scenarios is for use in questions 47-50

C.R. and her tropa were walking along Avenida in Manila. Waiting in ambush were the rival Chinese
street gang of Paul Lu. When the ambush was sprung, the tables were turned on “Kuya Kim” and his
cohorts. They sustained multiple injuries and some were severely injured when a pillbox was
thrown at them. The feuding teens were quickly apprehended by the MPD and brought to FEU-
NRMF Medical Center for treatment prior to incarceration.

47. One of the teens sustained injury described as deep double edged wound approximately 3 cm at its
widest diameter and 4 cm in depth. This type of wound is
a. Stab Wound b. Puncture Wound c. Hacking Wound d. Incised Wound

48. Another sustained injury caused by peppering of small metallic fragments distributed along the back
and posterior thigh area. This was most probably caused by
a. Primary detonation of the pillbox
b. Compression-decompression effect brought about by sudden rise and fall of
atmospheric pressure
c. Shrapnel Injury secondary to the pillbox detonation
d. Blast wave injury

49. Another gang member sustained by multiple deep punctures in the thoracic area. Thus was most
probably caused by
a. Kitchen Knife b. Ice Pick c. Jungle Bolo d. Titi

50. The following are the means to commit serious physical injuries except
a. Wounding
b. Beating
c. Assaulting
d. Administering Injurious Substances with the intent to kill

NCAA Tournament Champions

1999, 2004, 2011, 2014

8 #JAYRIZZI


PRELIMS 2020-2021

LEGAL MANAGEMENT

1. When does Livor Mortis begin after death?

a. 1 hour after death

b. 12 hours after death

c. 3 hours after death

d. 9 hours after death

2. Dr. X caught by his wife having an affair with his patient’s daughter. She sues

in the Professional Regulations Commision,what type of liability is involved in

the case that they are filing?

a. Moral

b. Criminal

c. Administrative

d. Civil

e. Ethical

3. This is the action of the enzyme found in the cell in digesting cellular

components.

a. Suggillation

b. Putrefaction

c. Autolysis

d. Rigor Mortis

e. Apoptosis

4. What is the gold standard for forensic substance identification?

a. Electrophoresis

b. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

c. X-ray diffraction

d. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

e. Neutron Activation

5. The one of the blood evidence that was collected on the clothing of a sexual

assault victim was noted to be type B with a Lewis type of a-b+. The blood

type of the victim is type O with a Lewis type a+b-. These fact would indicate

that

a. Type B blood is possibly that of the attacker

b. That further testing of the seminal grouping is warranted.

c. That both statements are false.

d. That both statements are true.

6. The basis for the action of the reagents of the presumptive test for blood is.

a. The hydrolytic property of the enzymes in the RBC

b. The peroxidase-like property of the heme group

c. The property of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase on galactose

d. The reducibility of the Ferrous (Fe+2) found in haemoglobin

7. At what time does the body of a deceased individual start to stiffen?

a. 15 hours

b. 9 hours

c. 12 hours

d. 6 hours

e. 3 hours

8. This is a form of cell death designed to eliminate unwanted host cells thru the

activation of a coordinated, internally programmed series of events affected by

a dedicated set of gene products.

a. Cellular Oncosis

b. Somatic Death

c. Apoptosis

d. None of the choices

9. What are the odds of having two people having the same fingerprint?

a. 1 in 100 billion

b. 1 in a billion

c. None of the choices

d. 1 in 5 billion

e. 1 in 64 billion

10. During soil testing for a possible building site, the geologist and structural

engineer discovered the site of a mass grave. They called for a forensic

anthropologist to examine the bones. When called to testify on how he was able

to determine which of the bones were men. He testified that some bones reflect

male features versus female features. Which bones gives the best information

in determining the sex of the unkown subject?

a. Radius and Ulna

b. Femur

c. Sternum

d. Pelvis

e. Humerus

11. The fingerprints of identical twins are similar but not the same. This is also

true for their DNA fingerprint.

a. The first statement is true

b. Both statements are false

c. The second statement is true

d. Both statements are true

12. The takayama test is used to confirm for the presence of blood after a positive

presumptive test. What does the Takayama test look for to confirm the

presence of blood?

a. None of the choices

b. Presence of the Hydroxide anion

c. Reaction with anti-human hemoglobin antibodies

d. Presence of rhomboid crystals under the microscope

e. Flocculation of the blood on the slide

13. Dr. Sebastian saw a student run over by a tricycle while he was having his

morning coffee in the patio of the Starbucks outside the hospital. He was

subpoenaed by the court to testify. In this case, what type of witness is Dr.

Miguel?

a. Corroborating witness

b. None of the choices

c. Ordinary witness

d. Expert witness

14. The doctor is called to relate to the court his findings upon examination of the

patient. What is this is a type of evidence wherein a witness relates the events

according to his own personal knowledge.

a. Experimental Evidence

b. Testimonial Evidence

c. Documentary Evidence

d. Real Evidence

15. Mario found his wife in bed with his best friend. He nurtured his rage after a

few months, killed both of them with his gun. What crime was committed?

a. Death under exceptional circumstances

b. Homicide

c. Infanticide

d. Parricide

e. Murder

16. Upon analysis using alternative lighting, the stains in the bedroom floor were

determined to be a mixture of semen and blood. In order to further bring out the

pattern of blood in the room, chemiluminescence was used. Which of the

following is such an agent?

a. Benzidine

b. Luminol

c. Leucomalachite green

d. Fluorescein

17. Dana decided to consult an orthopedic surgeon for a problem with her spine.

The advice of the surgeon is that she should undergo a laminectomy because of

a herniated disc. She agreed and signed a consent form for the surgery. Upon

performing the surgery, a complication arose which caused Dana to be

paralyzed from L1 down. She sued him for P 25 million pesos. What type of

liability is this?

a. None of the choices

b. Criminal

c. Administrative

d. Civil

e. Ethical

18. At what time is rigor mortis complete fixed in a tropical country like the

Philippines?

a. 15 hours

b. 3 hours

c. 9 hours

d. 12 hours

e. 6 hours

19. Livor mortis is a natural phenomenon which was brought about by?

a. The diffusion of the blood into the surrounding tissue

b. All of the choices

c. The increasing tone of the blood vessel wall combined with the action of

gravity

d. The complete utilization of ATP in the cell

20. Among the following, which will allow the forensic examiner to determine if

the sample of blood is human origin or not?

a. None of the choices

b. Takayama test

c. Magnus test

d. Precipitin test

e. Kastle- Mayer test

21. If the religion of a deceased prohibits embalming, When does an unemblamed

body have to be buried?

a. Within 48 hours

b. Within 24 hours

c. Within 12 hours

d. Within 36 hours

e. Within 72 hours

22. In a case of rape, DNA fingerprinting was utilized. Upon completion of the

extraction and amplification of a sample of DNA, what is the next step in the

process to determine the banding pattern of DNA fingerprinting?

a. RFLP

b. DNA Sequencing

c. STR analysis

d. PCR Amplification

e. Electrophoresis

23. What technique can produce an actual three-dimensional model of the head

and face from the skulls found in the mass grave?

a. Video superimposition

b. None

c. Forensic anthropology

d. IRIS Identification

e. Cranio-facial Reconstruction

24. In a crime scene, it was noted that a bloody fingerprint was left behind by the

suspect in the white T-shirt of the victim. What types of fingerprints are these?

a. Patent

b. Latent

c. Real

d. Plastic

25. The children noted that the body of their deceased father had not yet stiffened.

They asked the resident if it was possible that he was still alive. He explained

stiffening is not immediate and that during the early part after death, the body’s

muscles completely relax. This is known as

a. Rigor mortis

b. Period of Primary Flaccidity

c. Period of Secondary Flaccidity

d. Period of Cadaveric Rigidity

e. Period of Cadaveric Spasm

26. If a patient sues a doctor for gross negligence resulting to injury before the

PRC. What type of liability is this?

a. Civil

b. None of the choices

c. Ethical

d. Criminal

e. Administrative

27. When the Philippine Supreme Court has already decided on a case, another

case of substantially the same set of facts should be decided similarly. This

illustrates:

a. All the choices

b. The Principle of Res Ipsa Loquitur

c. The Principle of Stare Decisis

d. The Principle of Res Ipsa Loquitor

e. The Principle of Hierarchy of Courts

28. Which technique uses enzymes to cut specific sequences of DNA to form a

DNA fingerprint is known as

a. RFLP

b. Mt DNA Analysis

c. Any of the choices

d. STR Analysis

e. PCR

29. An important finding is cases of sexual assault is the amount of recoverable

seminal fluid. How many ml of seminal fluid is released per ejaculation?

a. 11 – 16

b. 7 – 10

c. 2 – 6

d. 1 - 2

30. During investigating a murder, a suspected murder weapon was found which

may have latent fingerprint. These were visualized using iodine crystals in a

fuming chamber. This type of technique of visualization is classified under:

a. Laser Assisted technique

b. Special Illumination Methods

c. Physical Methods

d. Chemical Methods

31. ​DNA evidence is extremely reliable especially in cases where perpetrators are

related to each other.

a. False

b. Cannot be determined

c. True

32. This is the study of pores found on the papillary ridges of the skin for the

purpose of identification:

a. Bibliotics

b. Dactyloscopy

c. Poroscopy

d. Graphology

e. Dactylography

33. This is the art of identification by comparison of fingerprints. The study and

utilization of fingerprints.

a. Graphology

b. Dactylography

c. Bibliotics

d. Dactyloscopy

e. Poroscopy

34. Which of the following is the most sensitive presumptive tests for blood?

a. Kastle Mayer Test

b. Tetramethyl Benzidine

c. Leucomalachite Green

d. O-Toluidine

e. Adler Test

35. This is a modification of the putrefactive processed in a desert environment

where it is very hot and arid.

a. Maceration

b. Mummification

c. Marbolization

d. None

e. Saponification

36. This phenomenon where a prominence of the superficial veins with reddish to

blackish discoloration is noted along the flanks of the abdomen after death is

known as?

a. Putrefaction

b. Maceration

c. Vulcanization

d. Adipocere formation

e. Marbolization

37. In a PCR amplification procedure, the copies of the target DNA are known as

a. None of the choices

b. Amplicons

c. Mutacons

d. Deceptions

38. Upon subjecting the samples obtained from the marks on the neck, it was

noted that the ff. was positive with the Starch-iodine reagent. This would

indicate that the samples are

a. Sweat

b. Urine

c. Semen

d. Saliva

e. Vaginal secretions

39. Uno refuses to see patients other than close friends and family. What inherent

right of a physician covers the situation contemplated?

a. Right to limit the practice of his profession

b. Right to determine appropriate treatment

c. Right to avail of hospital services

d. Right to choose the patients

40. A person is presumed dead for all purposes in which of the following

circumstances except?

a. A person on board a vessel lost during a sea voyage after 4 years

b. A person who has been in danger of death under other circumstances

such as illness and has not been seen for 4 years

c. A person in the armed forces who has been missing for 4 years

d. A person over 75 years of age who has been missing for over 5 years

e. A person who has been missing for 10 years

41. In an unidentified grave, a shirt found with the bones had brownish colored

stains. A presumptive test known as Kastle- Mayer test was used on the

sample. What is the reagent used on this test?

a. Leucomalachite Green

b. Tetramethyl Benzidine

​c. Phenolpthalein

d. Mercury Hydroxide

e. Periodic Acid Schiff reagent

42. Alphonse Bertillon developed a technique known as Anthropometry. What are

the assumptions used as a basis under the Bertillon system or Bertillonage?

a. That the bones are still growing at the 10th year of life

b. That it is quite impossible to find 2 human beings having skeletons

which match exactly

c. That the human skeleton is unchanged after the 20th year

d. That the measurements can be done using the tape measures

e. All of the choices

43. If a criminal case is filed against a doctor for giving assistance to suicide, what

is the quantum of evidence of proof required to be proven?

a. Substantial evidence

b. Preponderance of evidence

c. Absolute evidence

​ d. Proof beyond reasonable doubt

e. None of the choices

44. After powder dusting, a fingerprint was developed. Which of the following

patterns may be found except:

a. None of the choices

b. Arches

c. Whorls

d. Loops

​ e. Composites

45. While investigating the shoe impressions was found in the garden, the

investigator decided to make a shoe impression to facilitate analysis. The

reagent of choice for making shoe impressions is:

a. Dental stone

b. Polycarbonate resin

c. Plexiglas

d. Cement

46. In the proceedings before the PRC, which of the following is the petitioner

asking for?

a. Public humiliation of Dr. Manny for the harm that he caused her

b. Damages for the harm inflicted

c. Expulsion from the Philippine Medical Association

d. Cancellation of his certificate of registration

e. Imprisonment of Dr. Manny

47. Who has the person to discover ABO typing in 1990?

a. P. Eckman

b. Paolo Zacchia

c. Hanis Joplan

d. Landsteiner

e. Imhotep

48. A patient was brought to the ER with severe chest pains. He was pronounced

dead 2 hours after admission due to acute myocardial infarction. When the

family came to claim the body at the hospital morgue, they noted that there was

purplish discoloration at the back and other dependent portions of the body.

This is known as?

a. Algor Mortis

b. Post mortem muscular irritability

c. Loco Mortis

d. Cadaveric spasm

e. Post mortem lividity

49. A knife was found in a crime scene which was suspected of having latent

prints by the investigators. What are latent prints that the police are referring

to?

a. These are the fingerprints which are invisible to the naked eye

b. These are fingerprints which are readily visible

c. These are fingerprints which have been made on a soft surface.

d. These are fingerprints which have three dimensional characteristics.

50. This is a field of law concerned with pleadings, practice and procedure

a. Criminal Law

b. Constitutional Law

c. Civil Law

d. Remedial Law

e. Mercantile Law

51. Which of the following muscles undergo rigor first?

a. The torso

b. The toes

c. The jaw muscles

d. The fingers

e. The extremities

52. Rogelio was addicted to methamphetamine. After shooting up, he saw his 5

year old daughter rushing to hug him. Thinking that she was a “tiyanak”,

Rogelio hacked her to death. What crime was committed?

a. Infanticide

b. Murder

c. Parricide

d. Homicide

e. Death under exceptional circumstances

10


53. If blood evidence has already been cleaned up, the PNP crime lab could go

back and test the room for blood using which of the following?

a. All of these choices

b. Leuco-malachite Green

c. Kastle- Mayer Test

d. Tetramethylbenzydine

e. Luminol

54. This literally translate to “The Thing speaks for itself”

a. Stare Decisis

b. None of the choices

c. Hierarchy of courts

d. Res Ipsa Loquitur

55. A witness saw a man assaulting a woman at night. What distance did the

witness have to be in order to see and identify the suspect in the light of a full

moon without other light sources?

a. 28-35 yards

b. 25-28 yards

c. 16-17 yards

d. 21-24 yards

56. An 18 year old female was found partially charred in remains of the recent

fires in Makati. She was being claimed by multiple individuals as their

daughter or wife. The best means of ascertaining her identity is by using

a. Forensic odontology

b. Forensic serology

c. Forensic dactylography

d. Forensic DNA analysis

e. Forensic footwear analysis

57. In the bathroom, it was found that the floor was washed with the bleach. What

reagent is suitable for use in areas which was doused with bleach?

a. Benzidine

b. Phenolphthalein

c. Luminol

d. Leucomalachite Green

e. Fluorescein

58. The best kind of evidence is one which proves that fact without aid of any

inference or presumption. This type of evidence is known as:

a. Direct Evidence

b. Circumstantial Evidence

c. Imagined Evidence

d. Fabricated Evidence

11


59. In DNA fingerprinting, the theoretical risk of coincidental match using short

tandem repeat analysis is what?

a. 1 in 64 billion

b. 1 in 5 billion

c. None of the above

d. 1 in a billion

e. 1 in 100 billion

60. An adult has 32 teeth and 5 surfaces that can be used to compare with dental

records.

a. False

b. True

61. If chemical methods using silver nitrate is used for development of latent

prints, what would the silver nitrate react with to visualize the fingerprint:

a. None of the choices

b. Chloride ions

c. Sodium ions

d. Amino acids

e. Apocrine residue

62. Dr. Manny performs the surgery but a subsequent complication caused Alice

to be paralyzed from T10 down. She sued him for P 25 million pesos. What

type of liability is this?

a. None of the choices

b. Civil

c. Ethical

d. Administrative

e. Criminal

63. When does Livor become complete and fixed after death?

a. 24 hours after death

b. 6 hours after death

c. 18 hours after death

d. 12 hours after death

64. According to the code of sanitation, how many meters from away either a river

or a source of water can a burial be done?

a. 50 meters

b. 100 meters

c. 25 meters

d. 75 meters

e. 150 meters

12


65. A body was found at an abandoned lot in Fairview. On autopsy, it was found

that the soft viscera of the body become putrefied. At what time after death

does this occur?

a. 2 weeks

b. 6 weeks

c. 1 week

d. 1 month

e. 4 months

66. When was DNA Fingerprinting technique first reported by Sir Alec Jeffries in

the University of Leicester?

a. 1987

b. 1995

c. 1984

d. 1980

e. 1990

67. The fingerprint found in the murder weapon were visualized using a powder

that has high affinity for what substance:

a. Chloride ions

b. Apocrine residue

c. Sweat

d. Sodium ions

68. This is a verbal accurate , and picturesque description of the person being

identified

a. Computerized facial recognition

b. Rouge’s gallery

c. Portrait parle’

d. All of the choices

e. Cartographic sketches

69. In a homicide case, one of the collected pieces of evidence was blood on the

hands and under the fingernails of the victim indicating defensive injuries.

What technique can increase the amount of DNA in the evidence to render its

suitable for testing?

a. STR

b. PCR

c. HLA

d. DNA

e. RFLP

13


70. This is the maintenance of a person in a lawsuit on condition that the subject

matter of the action is to be shared with the maintainer.

a. Barratry

b. Champerty

c. Reprimand

d. Damages

e. Fines

71. This is a simple sequence repeat DNA composed of 2 to 7 base pairs in each

tandem repeat unit

a. Minisatellite

b. Pseudogene

c. Microsatellite

d. Alu repeats

72. Johnny went home early one day and found his 20-year old daughter in bed

with the driver. Enraged, he killed the driver with his gun. What crime was

committed?

a. Parricide

b. Death under exceptional circumstances

c. Murder

d. Infanticide

e. Homicide

73. These are evidence made known or address to the senses of the court

a. Associative evidence

b. Real evidence

c. Experimental evidence

d. Corpus delicti evidence

e. Trace evidence

74. This technique of analysis is limited to analysis of materials with crystalline

structures

a. X-ray diffraction

b. Mass spectrometry

c. Neutron activation

d. Electrophoresis

e. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry

14


75. During a family get-together after MGCQ was announced, Boy had an

argument with his maternal uncle. The fight escalated and ended up with Boy

stabbing and killing him. What crime did Boy commit?

a. Murder

b. Parricide

c. Homicide

d. Infanticide

e. Death under exceptional circumstances

76. What instance shall an autopsy be performed on a corpsed?

a. Upon order of an MTC judge

b. All of the choices

c. Upon written request of the next of kin

d. Upon written request of police authorities

e. Upon the order of a city fiscal

77. A victim of a gunshot wound to the head is noted to be deeply comatose. What

is a possible protocol to determine brain death so that he can become eligible

for organ donation?

a. Yale criteria

b. Columbia criteria

c. Oxford criteria

d. PNA criteria

e. Harvard criteria

78. Rectal lacerations indicate that anal penetration was effected on the victim. Up

to how long are intact sperms found in the rectal cavity?

a. 15 hours

b. 20 hours

c. 5 hours

d. 10 hours

79. Which of the following is not a ground for the revocation of a physician's

license?

a. Immoral or dishonorable conduct

b. Performing a therapeutic abortion

c. Addiction to gambling

d. Issuance of a false medical certificate

e. Gross negligence in the practice of his profession

15


80. Which of the following adequately describes the nature of a doctor patient

relationship

a. Consensual

b. Fiduciary

c. Neither

d. Both

81. A body was found in the burned remains of a warehouse in Bulacan, the

extremities of the body was noted to be in a flexed position and the hands

clenched. This type of position is known as:

a. Algor Mortis

b. Pugilistic attitude

c. Rigor Mortis

d. Calor Mortis

e. Cadaveric spasm

82. If a body was found with a grossly swollen abdomen and with a large amount

of gas in the abdomen. The swelling is probably caused by which process?

a. Putrefaction

b. Adipocere formation

c. Vulcanization

d. Marbolization

e. Maceration

83. Who was the first police surgeon who autopsied Julius Caesar and found that

out of 23 stab wounds sustained, only one was fatal?

a. Antiustus

b. Richard I

c. Imhotep

d. Paolo Zacchia

e. Hippocrates

84. What is the current gold standard in DNA Fingerprinting?

a. PCR

b. RFLP

c. DNA

d. STR

16


85. If the sperm collected in the vagina was done after 48 hours, what is the

expected morphology of the sperm?

a. Sperm cells with intact tails without acrosome

b. Sperm cells with dual heads

c. Sperm cells with intact tails and acrosome

d. Sperm cells without tails

86. This is a modification of the putrefactive process when the deceased is found

in a fluid medium with an absence as putrefactive bacteria.

a. Maceration

b. Saponification

c. Mummification

d. None of the choices

e. Marbolization

87. What is/are the difference/(s) between the ordinary physician and the medical

jurist>

a. The ordinary physician is a more primarily interested in the cause

b. The medical jurist applies pseudoscience to arrive at his conclusions

c. The ordinary physician usually ignores minor injuries

d. The medical jurist is concerned with instituting immediate treatment

88. In order to examine the body, who could order the exhumation of the body?

a. The Court may order the exhumation for proper administration of justice

b. When the nearest kin shall request in writing to ascertain cause of death.

c. All of the choices may order.

d. None of the above may order Only the DOH Regional Director may

order.

e. The City fiscal or prosecutor for determination of the cause of death.

89. In the original technique used by Sir Jeffries, what enzyme did he use?

a. DNA helicase

b. Restriction Endonuclease

c. DNA Primase

d. DNA ligase

e. Taq Polymerase

17


90. During the distribution of the SAP at the barangay hall, the barangay captain

was gunned down by two men that did not receive their money. He was

brought to the ER but he was pronounced dead on arrival. Once his relatives

were informed of the incident, they went to the hospital morgue and identified

him. They asked the resident on duty why he was so cold. He explained that

this was normal and that this phenomenon is known as?

a. Putrefaction

b. Rigor Mortis

c. Post mortem caloricity

d. Post Mortem Lividity

e. Algor Mortis

91. There were brownish stains on the sofa and the carpets of the offices of the

Manila City Hall. Yorme quickly called the police and samples were taken of

the said stains. On analysis, it was found positive for urobilinogen. This would

indicate that the stains were:

a. Saliva

b. Blood

c. Feces

d. Urine

e. semen

92. If a sample was analyzed using Periodic Acid Schiff Reagent, this would

indicate that the samples are

a. Vaginal Secretions

b. Urine

c. Saliva

d. Sweat

e. Semen

93. Why was the use of the Benzidine test for blood discontinued?

a. The reagents were found to cause unusual side reactions

b. The reagents were in scarce supply

c. The cost of using it was too high

d. The reagents were found to be carcinogenic

94. After they were informed that their son had died in Kuwait, the parents refused

to believe that it was of natural causes so they requested a separate autopsy.

The following are authorized to perform autopsies except

a. Municipal Health Officers

b. City Health Officers

c. Medicolegal Officers of the PNP Crime Laboratory

d. Medical Staff of the NBI

e. Barangay Health Workers

18


95. Under normal circumstances, approximately how much sperm cells are present

per ml of ejaculate?

a. 1 billion

b. 10 million

c. 1 million

d. 100 million

e. 100,000

96. He was the personal physician of Pope Innocent X and Alexander VII and is

considered to be the “Father of forensic medicine”

a. Imhotep

b. Paolo Zacchia

c. Richard I

d. Hippocrates

e. Antiustus

97. What percentage of Filipinos is blood type O?

a. 10%

b. 50%

c. None of the choices

d. 60%

e. 25%

98. If a victim had waited a few days before reporting a rape, it would still be

possible to get sperm cells from the vagina because

a. Sperm is present in the vaginal canal up to 2 weeks

b. None of the choices

c. Sperm is omnipresent in the vagina

d. Sperm is present in the vaginal canal up to 7 days

99. Bite marks were found present on the areola of rape victim. What type of

analysis can be utilized to identify the perpetrator?

a. Forensic dactylography

b. Forensic odontology

c. Forensic serology

d. Forensic footwear analysis

100. Under PD 1575, a dentist is required to submit records of his patients to the

NBI after ___ years of last follow up.

a. 15

b. 5

c. 20

d. 10

19


 Legal Medicine
Midterm 20-21
1. A patient was brought to ER due to mauling. He was 6. This is an example of regulated drugs?
discharged by attending physician after two weeks of a. None of the choices
admission in the hospital and given a further 7 days rest. If he b. Phenobarbital
were to file a case against the assailant, what crime did the c. Opium
assailant commit? d. Mescaline
a. Mutilation e. Coca leaf
b. Serious Physical Injuries inflicted in a tumultuous affray
c. Slight Physical Injuries 7. What is the Gettler's test?
d. Less serious Physical Injuries a. This is a test which measures immersion artifacts
e. Serious Physical Injuries b. This is a test which measures diatoms
c. This is test which measures plasma chloride in the left and
2. Lester was involved in a vehicular accident while riding his right sides of the heart
motorcycle. He was brought to the ER and was diagnosed d. This is test which measures plasma Magnesium in the left
with a mild concussion. Which of the following is not a and right sides of the heart
consequence of the cerebral concussion? e. This is a test specific gravity of blood.
a. None of the choices
b. Amnesia 8. High order explosives are nitrogenous substances which
c. Paresthesia does not rely on burning but rather detonates?
d. Confusion a. True
b. False
3. Christy discovered that her husband had another woman.
She rushed to the house of the woman and shouted at her 9. What is the difference between hematomas and
door for her to come out and fight. However, the woman contusions?
refused to accept her challenge. What offense did Christy a. This type of injury is commonly seen in blunt force trauma
commit? b. The extravasation of blood outside the blood vessels
a. None of the offenses was committed c. The contusion does not immediately become apparent
b. Serious Physical Injuries d. There is no marked difference between the two.
c. Mutilation e. The presence of a cavity in contusions
d. Less Serious Physical Injuries
e. Slight Physical Injuries 10. A person working in hot environment who consumes
more water without salt is likely to develop a condition
4. A victim of a drive-by shooting involving a riding in tandem called?
in Valenzuela was brought to the ER. It was noted that at the a. Heat Exhaustion
point of entry there was a circular injury with associated b. Heat Stroke
abrasions. This injury is known as? c, All of the choices
a. Tattooing d. Heat Cramps
b. Breechblock Mark e. Heat hyperpyrexia
c. Smudging
d. Abrasion burns 11. What are the means allowed by law to cancel the
e. Contusion Collar donation of an organ to the hospital?
a. He can create a new document which expressly cancels the
5. Jacob tried to help his friend Mark when he saw him being donation
held up at knifepoint. As a result, he received a knife wound b. He can tear up the document that contains the provision
to the abdomen which produced a communication between on donation
the inner and outer portion of hollow organs, this type of c. He can revoke the donation in front of a witness
injury is known as? d. He can communicate his revocation to the attending
a. None of the choices. physician and the attending physician can inform the
b. Eviscerating done of the revocation.
c. Penetrating
d. Superficial
e. Perforating

©
 Legal Medicine
Midterm 20-21
12. This is an aggressive, impulsive and angry behavior of 17. A term used to indicate wounds produced by explosions
drivers when confronted by demanding conditions on the which causes peppering of small metallic or non-metallic
road? objects into the body?
a. OCD a. Punctate bruising
b. Bipolar Disorder b. Shrapnel wound
c. Mania c. Avulsion
d. Serious Anxiety Disorder d. Lacerated wound
e. Road rage e. Abrasions

13. A patient presented superficial hematoma in the frontal 18. This is a condition wherein the body assumes the
part of the head after being involved in a tumultuous affray. appearance of an African American?
While at the ER, a CT Scan was done and it was found that he a. Tache noir de la sclorotique
was also suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage in both b. None of the above
the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain. This is an example c. Ultimen marines
of what type of injury? d. Tete de negri
a. Extensive injury
b. Counter coup injury 19. Lila was stabbed in the abdomen resulting to the small
c. Coup Injury intestine coming out of the abdomen. The penetration of the
d. Whiplash injury fascia is primarily to blame for the said phenomenon?
e. Coup-countercoup injury a. False
b. True
14. What is the maximum distance that the phenomenon
known as smudging can be noted? 20. In order that a patient may become a candidate for organ
a. 3 inches donation, what must first be determined?
b. 12 inches a. That he had not died of some dangerous communicable
c. 6 inches disease
d. More than 24 inches b. All of the choices
e. 24 inches c. That there was no opposition

15. All are characteristic features of superficial burns? 21. A medicolegal testified that the slug recovered from the
a. Blisters body of a gunshot victim was .45 caliber. He was asked how
b. Pinprick and painful the caliber of the weapon is determined. The correct
c. Damage no deeper than explanation is?
papillary dermis a. The measurement involves measuring the size of the
d. All of the choices chamber of the gun
e. Loss of epidermis b. The measurement involves getting the width of the bullet
using a caliper
16. If at the time the body was found, it is completely c. The measurement involves measuring the distance
stiffened with post mortem lividity fixed. The time of between 2 lands
death is at least? d. None of these are correct.
a. 6 hours e. The measurement involves measuring the length of the
b. 18 hours bullet
c. 24 hours
d. 12 hours 22. Explosive Injuries result primarily from thermal and
e. 36 hours pressure effects?
a. False
b. True

©
 Legal Medicine
Midterm 20-21
23. In order that a patient may become a candidate for organ 29. The Medicolegal noted a blackening of the point of entry
donation, what must first be determined? of the gunshot wounds with burns also present, stippling was
a. That he had not died of some dangerous communicable also present on the skin. These findings suggest that the
disease victim was hit from what range?
b. All of the choices a. Long range fire
c. That there was no opposition to the donation b. Contact fire
d. That he is brain dead c. Medium range fire
d. Close range fire
24. The police were conducting an investigation on an
incident of a fatal shooting along Timog Avenue. They 30. A patient was hit by a taxicab. He was brought to the ER
requested the crime lab to investigate and conduct an where he was immediately x-rayed. What is the most
autopsy. The crime lab noted a blackening of the point of common vehicular fractures to guide the doctor as to the
entry with burns also noted, some of the blackish dust being choice of x-ray?
was easily wiped off while some was strictly adhering to the a. Pelvic fracture
skin. The nature of the blackish dust which was embedded b. Acetabular fracture
into the skin is? c. Clavicular Fracture
a. Completely combusted gunpowder d. Skull fracture
b. Carbon deposits from previous firing of the weapon e. Tibial fracture
c. Metal fouling from previous firing
d. Incompletely combusted gunpowder 31. While driving his car, the police arrested Mario for being
e. Gun oil from the barrel drunk and disorderly. He was brought to the hospital for
physical examination where it was noted that he had slurring
25. The following are parts of ammunition except? of speech and positive alcohol breath. The police performed
a. Primer a breathalyzer test on him while at the ER. What is the legal
b. Firing pin limit of blood alcohol level in the Philippines?
c. Propellant a. 0
d. Cartridge case b. 0.10
e. Projectile c. 0.5
d. 0.05
26. Under the Organ Donation Act of 1991, who is defined as e. 0.07
a deceased individual, and includes a still-born infant or
fetus? 32. A patient brought to the ER for gunshot wound had a
a. Legatee blackish substance on his skin. What accounts for this
b. Decedent finding?
c. Donor a. This is brought about by the difference in the lengths of
d. Testator the barrel of the weapon
b. These is brought a misfire of the gun
27. On a case of a single gunshot wound, it was noted that c. This is brought about by the difference in the amount of
there were two points of exit. How can this be explained? gunpowder in the bullet.
a. This is explained by bullet disintegration or fragmentation d. These are brought about by the fouling of the barrel.
b. This is because the caliber of the weapon was large e. These come about due to the burning of gunpowder
c. This is explained because the bullet fired was a hollow
point 33. Which of the following is described as effusion of blood to
d. This is explained by the muzzle blast at the point of entry the surrounding tissue without formation of a cavity?
e. This is not explained by the above choices a. Subluxation
b. Hematoma
28. All are features of deep burns except? c. Contusion
a. Leathery skin d. Abrasion
b. All of the choices e. Laceration
c. No blister / vesicles
d. Painful
e. Involvement of fat

©
 Legal Medicine
Midterm 20-21
34. One of the injured parties in a shooting incident had an 39. A patient presented with a gunshot wound to the arm. He
injury which was described as having a circular injury alleged that he was shot in the arm by his ex- girlfriend at
surrounding the point of entry. No other injuries aside from close range. On examination, the ER physician noted a
this were noted by the ER Doctor. The injury described would blackish substance embedded on his skin surrounding the
indicate that the victim was hit from what distance? point of entry. This substance is known as?
a. Within 60 cms a. Tattooing
b. Withing 15 cms b. Fouling
c. More than 60 cms. c. Smudging
d. Within 30 cms d. Muzzle blast
e. Within 45 cms e. Primer residue

35. Which of the following is true about superficial burns 40. A search and rescue diver was forced to surface without
is/are? decompression while engaging in retrieval operations for a
a. Blister formation capsized fishing vessel. He could have experienced the
b. Always requires skin grafting following due to the rapid decompression except?
c. Can heal within 7-10 days a. "chokes"
d. All of the choices b. Substernal Emphysema
e. Painless c. Nitrogen Narcosis
d. rupture of skin capillaries resulting to ecchymosis
36. A patient was involved in a frat rumble and was brought e. "bends"
to the ER. He was subsequently admitted to the Surgical ICU.
After 10 days, he remained comatose and the EEG was 41. If an assault results to bilateral optic nerve damage and
isoelectric. Assuming all of the following relatives are present subsequent blindness. What offense was
at the hospital, who is the most qualified to sign the organ committed?
donation form? a. Serious Physical Injuries
a. Parent b. Mutilation
b. Son or daughter c. Less Serious Physical Injuries
c. Brother or sister d. None of the offenses was
d. Spouse committed
e. Slight Physical Injuries
37. Generally, what is the characteristic of the point of exit?
a. The wound is generally everted 42. This is a phenomenon wherein muscle cells were noted to
b. The wounds are typically smaller than points of entry have pores on the cell membrane usually noted in electrical
c. There is the presence of stippling injury. These are known as?
d. None of the choices a. Electroporation
b. Metallization
38. This is an injury that is brought about by traction between c. Sublimation
the upper cervical spine and the atlanto occipital junction d. Deposition
common seen in vehicular accidents? e. Rhabdomyolysis
a. Bumper fractures
b. None of the above 43. Which of the following is not a possible injury secondary
c. Seatbelt contusions to lightning strikes?
d. Whiplash associated injury a. Diffusion of metals and glass
e. Flail Chest b. Singeing of the hair
c. Magnetization of metals in the clothing
d. Fracture of the bones
e. Sledgehammer like blows to the body

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Midterm 20-21
44. A body was found and it was noted that it was severely 49. Shane was a boxer who was knocked out in a recent
burned and that the extremities of body was noted to be in a boxing match. He was brought to the hospital but was
flexed position and the hands clenched. This type of position unarousable. This situation persisted until his death. The
is known as? most probable cause is a subdural hematoma?
a. Rigor Mortis a. False
b. Pugilistic attitude b. True
c. Algor Mortis
d. Calor Mortis 50. Who is defined in the Organ Donation Act of 1991 as an
e. Cadaveric spasm individual who makes a legacy of all or part of his body?
a. Decedent
45. Which of the following is a type of tracer round? b. None of the choices
a. Bullet with a plastic sabot c. Donor
b. Armor piercing round d. Testator
c. Soft point round
d. Phosphorus flare round 51. Current markings are seen in?
e. Tungsten tipped round a. Firearm wounds
b. Lightning strike
46. In a case of gunshot wounds, it was noted that the c. Blast injuries
projectile that was recovered from the shooting incident d. All of the choice
showed that there were striation marks on it. These marks e. Electrocution
result from?
a. None of the above 52. This is the instantaneous rigidity of the muscles which
b. The passage of bullet along the grooves that are found occurs at the moment of death due to extreme nervous
inside the barrel of the gun tension, exhaustion and injury to the nervous system?
c. The ignition of the propellant inside the chamber a. Putrefaction
d. The forceful action of the ejector on the rim of the b. Secondary flaccidity
cartridge c. Rigor Mortis
e. The action of the firing pin on the percussion cap or primer d. Saponification
e. Cadaveric Spasm
47. Mayor Khu Rakot and his 3 companions were gunned
downed as they exited the city hall building. 53. What are the field sobriety test that a law enforcer can
The mayor exhibited injuries which was described as showing perform to determine drunkenness?
a blackened entry wound, with some of the blackish residue a. All of the choices
being easily wiped off while some of the blackish material b. The Eye Test
adhering to the skin. What is the blackish substance which c. The One Leg Stand Test
was easily wiped off? d. The Walk and Turn Test
a. Tattooing e. Both the walk and turn and the one leg stand.
b. Smudging
c. Soot 54. Michael was caught trying to peep into his neighbor's
d. Contusion collar bathroom. He was chased by his neighbor's brother and was
e. Muzzle imprint hit by a baseball bat which resulted to a tearing of the skin
and underlying tissue of the occipital portion of his head. The
48. Dahlia was confronted by her neighbor for singing injury described is what?
videoke til the wee hours of the morning. She was slapped a. Petechiae
and told never to sing again due to her horrendous voice. She b. Laceration
did not require medical attention. What offense was c. Contusion
committed against Dahlia? d. Hematoma
a. Slight Physical Injuries e. Abrasion
b. Serious Physical Injuries
c. Less Serious Physical Injuries
d. Mutilation

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55. The following are examples of Prohibited drugs except? 59. A patient was brought to the morgue. One of the finding
a. Morphine in the autopsy report was emphysema aquosum. You are
b. Psilocybin asked by the relative where this finding is usually seen. What
c. Heroin would be your answer?
d. None of the above a. Hanging
e. Cocaine b. Wet drowning
c. Burns
56. A gun was recovered in the hands of a suicide suspect d. Strangulation
with cadaveric spasm noted on the hand holding the gun. e. Dry drowning
The gun was found to be a .45 caliber with a twist rate of
inches and a counterclockwise twist. What is a twist rate? 60. The propellant inside a cartridge is completely
a. It is the distance by which a rifling makes a complete combusted causing the phenomenon of smudging and
revolution tattooing?
b. It is the distance between 2 lands a. False
c. It is the distance the bullet traverses in the confines of the b. True
barrel
d. It is the direction by which the grooves in the barrel follow 61. The passage of the bullet creates a temporary cavity in
e. None of the above the tissue due to the stellate displacement of the bullets
energy through the tissue?
57. Elena and her officemate got into a fight because her a. False
officemate was spreading rumors that she was sleeping with b. True
the boss. The fight escalated from a shouting match and her
officemate assaulted her and hit her head against the wall 62. The expected findings of a contact gunshot wound to the
causing lacerations which required stiches and 2 weeks of parietal area are blackening of the wound tract, singeing,
medical attendance. She sued her officemate for what smudging, tattooing and a large circular wound?
offense? a. True
a. Mutilation b. False
b. Slight Physical Injuries
c. Less Serious Physical Injuries 63.A patient was brought to the ER with findings of large
d. Serious Physical Injuries surface burns and some burns radiating from a point, Other
e. None of the above offenses was committed internal injuries consistent with sledgehammer-like blows.
What conclusion can be drawn from these findings?
58. Herman was involved in a vehicular collision while riding a. These are burns from an explosive source.
his motorcycle. It was noted that Herman had slurring of b. These are burns from a chemical source
speech and positive alcohol breath. The police could not do c. These are burns from steam source
field sobriety test due to his injuries so they performed a d. These are burns from lightning injury
breathalyzer test on him instead. What is the legal limit of e. These are burns from an open
blood alcohol level in the Philippines when riding a
motorcycle? 64. What finding is pathognomonic for the point of entry of
a. 0.5 gunshot wounds?
b. 0.05 a. contusion or abrasion collar
c. 0 b. Stippling
d. 0.10 c. Stellate type of wound
e. 0.07 d. Smudging
e. Tattooing

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Midterm 20-21
65. The accuracy of the weapon is affected by the barrel. A 71. Possession of dangerous drugs is penalized under the
smooth barrel is less accurate than a rifled barrel. What is Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act. However, possession
rifling? of a large quantity gives rise to the presumption of an intent
a. These are grooves found exclusively in rifles to distribute and carries a penalty of life imprisonment to
b. These are grooves in the gun for attachment of sound death. Which of the following is not considered by the law as
suppressors or silencers a large quantity?
c. These are grooves that runs along the inside the barrel a. 10 grams of morphine
d. These are the part of barrel which allows for dispersion of b. 10 grams of marijuana resin
heat c. 10 grams of opium
e. These are the part of the barrel for attachment of sights d. 10 grams of methamphetamine
e. 10 grams of MDMA or Ecstasy
66. Stephanie was suffering from End Stage Renal Disease.
Her archenemy, Janice dies and make her the recipient of her 72. Frank was caught by his wife with another woman. In her
kidney upon her death. The following options are available to rage, she cut off his penis. What offense does this constitute?
Stephanie? a. Mutilation
a. She can do neither b. Serious Physical Injuries
b. She can immediately schedule the surgery c. Slight Physical Injuries
c. She can refuse to accept the donated organ d. Less Serious Physical Injuries
d. She can do either option e. None of the offenses was committed

67. These are burns radiating from a point usually resulting 73. The following are considered transplantable organs
from lightning injury. These are known by what name? except?
a. Lichtenberg figures a. Kidney
b. Current marking b. None of the choices
c. Keraunographic markings c. Lungs
d. All of the choices d. Heart
e. Arboretum burns e. Cornea

68. The use of dirty bomb involves using conventional 74. Motorcyclists experience a death rate 100 times greater
explosives to heat up uranium to the point of fission? than occupants of cars?
a. False a. False
b. True b. True

69. Karen was involved in a motorcycle accident with another 75. A firearm with a cylindrical magazine is?
motorist where she suffered abrasions on her knee and a. Armalite Rifle
elbows requiring treatment of 7 days. What offense was b. Shotgun
committed against Karen? c. Colt Revolver
a. Reckless Imprudence resulting to physical injuries d. Colt Automatic Pistol
b. Less Serious Physical Injuries e. Recoilless rifle
c. Mutilation
d. Serious Physical Injuries 76. Upon the pulling of the trigger, which part of the bullet
e. Slight Physical Injuries initiates the firing of the bullet?
a. Primer
70. A dead body found to have marks like branching of tree b. Shell Casing
on the front of the chest. The most likely cause of death c. Propellant
could be due to? d. Projectile
a. Road traffic accident e. Breech
b. Firearms injury
c. Lightning injury
d. All of the choices
e. Injuries due to bomb blast

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Midterm 20-21
77. Ellen was so mad at her classmate for stealing her 82. While riding his electric scooter along the street, Mark
boyfriend. She waited for her after class and cut off her ear. lost control and hit a wall. He got a laceration over the left
This is considered as the crime of mutilation? frontal area that needed to be sutured in the ER. This type of
a. True physical injury which is located only at the site of application
b. False of force is known as what?
a. Countre-coup Injury
78. A 25-year-old female was found in a room with 100% b. None of the choices
burns on her body. The tongue was protruding out, body in c. Coup Injury
pugilistic attitude with heat ruptures, peeling of skin and heat d. Coup Countre-coup Injury
hematomas and heat fractures of skull. Carboxyhemoglobin e. Locus Minoris Resistensia
was 25% and soot particles were present in trachea. Which of
the combination of two findings will establish that the burns 83. Rob Hood decided to join the UP Archery team. While
are antemortem in nature? practicing for a meet, he was surprised when his girlfriend
a. Heat hematoma and heat X rupture decided to tickle him. As a result, he released the arrow into
b. Carboxyhemoglobin and soot in the trachea the leg of his teammate John. The type of wound that was
c. Heat hematoma and pugilistic attitude caused by the arrow is?
d. Heat fracture of the skull and peeling of the skin a. Incised wound
e. All of the above b. Lacerated wound
c. Puncture wound
79. While skateboarding, Julian tried to copy his favorite X- d. Hacking wound
games skateboarder and do a 360 jump. Unfortunately,
Julian was not as skilled causing him to fall. He tried to stop 84. Contusions are not caused by what
the fall with his arm but it resulted in an injury described as a form of trauma?
complete disruption in the continuity of a muscular or a. Industrial accidents
ligamentous support of a joint. This is injury is known as? b. Electrical trauma
a. Sprain c. Sports related trauma
b. Dislocation d. Vehicular trauma
c. Subluxation e. Mauling
d. Fracture
e. Strain 85. What are the requisites before one is allowed to do
become an organ donor?
80. In Republic Act No. 7719 or An Act Promoting Voluntrary a. He must have a conforme of his parents
Blood Donation, Providing for an Adequate Supply of Safe b. He must be an individual incapacitated to make a will
Blood, Regulating Blood Banks and Providing Penalties for c. He is of sound mind
the Violation thereof, the Commercial Blood Banks were d. He must be at least 21 years old
phased out?
a. False 86. In explosive injuries occurring at a distance, solid organs
b. True are particularly prone to damage?
a. False
81. A patient was brought to the ER with a gunshot wound. b. True
The medicolegal noted that it was a close contact wound due
to the presence of singeing at the point of entry. How many 87. A medical examiner was asked to serve as expert witness
inches does the flame from a handgun typically reach? on gunshot wounds. He stated that the wounding power of a
a. 6 inches bullet is primarily dependent on the amount of propellant in
b. 3 inches the cartridge. What is propellant?
c. 12 inches a. All of the choices
d. 15 inches b. This was composed of the primer and the gunpowder.
e. 9 inches c. This was the primary part of the bullet responsible for
bullet velocity
d. This is composed of trinitrotoluene.
e. This varied depending on the type of primer.

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Midterm 20-21
88. What is the maximum distance that stippling can be 95. A body was recovered in the Pasig River and it was noted
noted? that there was a single bullet point of entry but there were
a. 12 inches multiple exit wounds. The following is/are true regarding exit
b. 30 inches wounds of gunshot wounds?
c. 6 inches a. The exit wound of a high velocity bullet is smaller than that
d. 18 inches of the entrance wound.
e. 24 inches b. There is a correlation between entrance and exit wounds
c. All exit wounds are inverted.
89. Which of the following causes the injury known as d. It is possible to have no exit wounds.
abrasion collars in gunshot wounds?
a. The effect of the entry of the bullet on the skin. 96. It is a homemade bomb constructed and deployed in
b. The effect of the flame upon the skin. ways other than in conventional military action?
c. The effect of the hot barrel of the gun on the bare skin. a. Gunpowder explosives
d. The effect of uncombusted gunpowder on the skin b. Deflagrating explosives
e. The release of pressure from the barrel as a result of the c. All of the choices
burning of gunpowder d. Improvised Explosive Device or IED
e. Dynamite
90. The calibre of a weapon is determined by getting the
diameter of the projectile of the cartridge? 97. The difference between antemortem and postmortem
a. False burns vesicles which favors the finding that the burns are
b. True antemortem burns is/are?
a. Tissue beneath the vesicle is dry, hard and yellow
91. This condition occurs usually with fractures and b. Protein and chloride in vesicle
dislocation and causes an increased pressure in a closed c. Fluid in the vesicle is scanty
space that results to an irreversible ischemic damage? d. Erythema is present
a. Pulseless Extremity e. All of the above
b. Iatrogenic arterial injury
c. Hydrostatic Syndrome 98. The kinetic energy of a bullet can quadruple if you double
d. Compartment Syndrome its velocity?
e. None of the choices a. True
b. False
92. The twist rate is defined as the
amount of time it requires a rifling 99. What is the minimum pressure needed to cause tissue
to go a full rotation in the barrel? damage in humans using explosive devices?
a. True a. 300 psi
b. False b. 400 psi
c. 200 psi
93. Who of the following are not authorized to accept organ d. 500 psi
donations? e. 100 psi
a. Any hospital, physician or surgeon
b. Any individual in behalf of another 100. A physician is made the legatee of his patient to
c. Any accredited medical or dental school, college or transplant his donated organ to a person he deems qualified
university to receive the donation. Is this a valid act of the patient?
d. Any organ bank storage facility a. No provision covers such a situation
b. The physician must refuse because it is a conflict of
94. The following are closed wounds except? interest.
a. Ecchymosis c. Invalid
b. Hematoma d. Valid
c. Petechiae
d. Abrasion
e. Contusion

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Trans Group # 7 (Inciong K., Jacinto, Japlit, Jose) l Jose, Padilla, K. January 2021
EXAM COVERAGE
VIII. Death Investigation (Villasenor)
I. History and Development of Forensic Med (Villasenor)
IX. Code of Ethics of Medical Profession (Apostol)
II. Medico-Legal Aspects of Identification (Villasenor)
X. Medical Malpractice (Apostol)
III. Physical Injuries- Blunt and Sharp (Villasenor)
XI. Physicians and Criminal Law (Apostol)
IV. Intro to Med Jurisprudence (Apostol)
XII. Asphyxial Deaths (Villasenor)
V. Regulating the Med Profession and Scope of the Practice of Medicine (Apostol)
XIII. Sexual Crimes and Abnormalities (Villasenor)
VI. Rights of Physicians (Apostol)
XIV. Medico-Legal Examination of Sexual Assault Victims (Villasenor)
VII.Gunshot Wounds (Villasenor)
XV. Forensic Serology and DNA Analysis (Villasenor)

NOTE: No feedback was given for this subject. The answers and rationale were extracted to the best of the group's ability.
It is the prominence of the superficial veins during the process of decomposition, develops in the abdomen, neck B
and shoulders:
A- Breaking down of the complex proteins in the body into simpler
components; associated with evolution of foul-smelling gases and
1 A. Putrefaction
changes in color of the body
B. Marbolization
C- Softening of the tissues when in fluid medium in the absence of
C. Maceration
putrefactive microogranisms
D. Mummification
D- Dehydration of the whole body, resulting to its shrinking and
preservation
Under Adam's Classification on Sexual Abuse, the conclusion or Medical evaluation suggestive of abuse or sexual C
contact falls under this category:
Class 1- Med eval shows clear evidence or blunt force or penetrating
2 A. Class 1
trauma
B. Class 4
Class 2- Med eval is suggestive of abuse or sexual contact
C. Class 2
Class 3- Non-specific genital findings
D. Class 3
Class 4- Normal genital findings
An abrasion commonly seen in garroting A
B- caused by forcible contact with rough hard objects resulting to
irregular removal of skin surface (also referred to as graze)
A. Friction
3 C- abrasion whose pattern or imprint and location provides evidence
B. Brush burn
of the cause, material or instrument, or manner of death (e.g. tire
C. Impact
marks)
D. Scratch
D- caused b a sharp-pointed object (e.g. fingernail, pin) which slides
across the skin
The following are the importance of post-mortem lividity, except: A
Post-mortem lividity can:
A. May indicate manner of death
4 -Approximate time of death (since it appears 3-6 hours after death)
B. Approximate time of death in a person
-Determine the position of the body after death (can give clues if the
C. Determine the position of the body after death
body has been moved from its original position)
D. Sign of death
-Indicate that the person is dead
Not productive of material harm would, however, annoy an innocent person B
A- an act which is highly scandalous as to offend against decency and
A. Grave scandal good custom
5 B. Unjust vexation C- acts which tend to excite lust; conduct which is considered wanton
C. Acts of lasciviousness or lewd
D. Corruption of minors D- any person who shall promote or facilitate prostitution of persons
under 18 years old
Tear in the intima of the carotid artery with bleeding into its wall is seen in cases of: D
Findings which may indicate that hanging is ante-mortem are (1)
A. Postmortem hanging Redness or ecchymosis at the site of ligature, (2) ecchymosis of the
6 B. Smothering pharynx and epiglottis, (3) subpleural, subepicardial punctiform
C. Traumatic asphyxia hemorrhages, and (4) line of redness or rupture of the intima of the
D. Antemortem hanging carotid artery (Solis, p. 435)

The term postmortem suggillation refers to: D

A. decomposition Postmortem suggilation is also known as Postmortem Lividity,
7 B. rigidity Cadaveric Lividity, Postmortem Hypostasis, or Livor Mortis; all refer to
C. cooling the pooling of blood in the body of a dead person
D. blood pooling
Rigor mortis can be simulated by: D
A. Algor mortis The conditions simulating rigor mortis are (1) heat stiffening (2) cold
8 B. Livvor mortis stiffening, and (3) cadaveric spasm or instantaneous rigor
C. Adipocere formation
D. Cadevaeric spasm
A physical injury caused by a decrease in atmospheric pressure, such as skydiving: A
A. Hypobarism B- caused by an increase in atmospheric pressure, such as scuba
9 B. Hyperbarism diving
C. Bends C and D- both are symptoms of decompression sickness (bends refer
D. Chokes to joint or skeletal pain while chokes refer to breathing problems)
A 25-year-old female was found in a room with 100% burns on her body. The tongue was protruding out, body in
pugilistic attitude peeling of skin. Carboxyhemoglobin was 25% and soot particles were present in trachea. Which of D
the combination of two findings will establish that the burns are ante mortem in nature:
10 A. Heat fracture and peeling of skin Findings which may indicate that death is due to burning are (1)
B. Heat hematoma and heat rupture presence of vital reaction at the heated areas, (2) presence of
C. Heat hematoma and pugilistc attitude carboxyhemoglobin in the blood, and (3) presence of carbon or soot
D. Carboxyhemoglobin and soot particles in the trachea particles in the tracheo-bronchial lumina (Solis, p. 406)
Bestiality also refers to: D

A. Nymphomania A- Strong sexual feeling of women

11 B. Sexual desire with statues B- Referred to as pygmalionism
C. Sexua desire with manikin C- Referred to as mannequinism
D. Zoophilia

The human body contains how many cells? B

A. 1000 trillion cells The human body indeed contains 100 trillion cells
12 B. 100 trillion cells
C. 1 Trillion cells
D. 10 trillion cells
A kind of virginity where the hymen is highly elastic or lax. A

13
 B- permits any form of sexual liberties without rupturing the hymen;
A. False Physical Virginity associated with inter-labia sexual intercourse
13 B. Demi Virginity C- hymen is intact with the edges distinct and regular; opening barely
C. True Physical Virginity admits the tip of the smallest finger of the examiner
D. Moral Virginity D- not knowing the nature of sexual life (usually applies to children
below age of puberty)
A kind of virginity where sexual intercourse is in the form of inter-labial or inter-femoral intercourse D
A- conscious of the nature of sexual life but has not experienced
A. Physical Virginity sexual intercourse (absencce of laceration in the hymen)
14 B. Virgo-intacta B- truly virgin woman; no structural changes in the organ to infer
C. Moral Virginity previous sexual intercourse
D. Demi Virginity C- not knowing the nature of sexual life (usually applies to children
below age of puberty)
Sexual act was committed by means of deceit D
A- the carrying away of a woman with lewd design
A. Abduction
15 B- acts which tend to excite lust; conduct which is wanton or lewd
B. Acts of lasciviousness
C- committed by any person who is soliciting or making immoral/
C. Abused against chastity
indecent advances to a woman interested in matters pending before
D. Simple seduction
the offending officer for decision
The carrying away of a woman with lewd design: C
A. Simple seduction A- sexual act was committed by means of deceit
16 B. Acts o lasciviousness B- acts which tend to excite lust; conduct which is wanton or lewd
C. Abduction D- an act committed by a married woman who had intercourse with a
D. Adultery man who is not her husband
Committed by soliciting to a woman interested in matters pending before the offending officer for decision D
A- an act which is highly scandalous as to offend against decency and
A. Grave scandal good custom
17 B. Corruption of minors B- any person who shall promote or facilitate prostitution of persons
C. White slavery under 18 years old
D. Abuse against chastity C- committed by any person who is engaged in the business, or shall
profit by prostitution
Medical evaluation shows clear eveidence of blunt force or penetrating trauma: B
A. Class 4 See Question #2 for rationale
18 B. Class 1
C. Class 2
D. Class 3
Each strand of DNA contains a sequence of bases or nucleotides, the following are the four chemicals, except: C
A. Adenine The four bases are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
19 B. Guanine
C. Thiamine Thiamine is a vitamin (Vit B1).
D. Cytosine
Excessive sexual desire of men to intercourse D
A. Don Juanism A- sexual deviation characterized by promiscuity and seduction of
20 B. Nymphomania many women as part of one's career
C. Vaginismus B- strong sexual feeling of women
D. Satyriasis C- painful spasm of the vagina during intercourse
This specimen is useful in cases where decomposition is advanced, body is exhumed or in fire deaths: C
A. Hair Vitreous humor is the fluid that occupies the space between the lens
21 B. Blood and the retina of the eye (Question lifted from Postmortem Forensic
C. Vitreous humor Toxicology, at https://casn.berkeley.edu/wp-
D. Urine content/uploads/resource_files/Forensic_Toxicology.ppt )
Test that enable the reagents to react only with a substance that recognizes the antibody: D
A. Gas chromatography A and B- method of identifying the drug/ substance by separating it
22 B. Thin layer chromatography from a diluent (Solis, p. 680)
C. Gas chromatography mass spectometry C- method of identifying the drug/ substance through selective
D. Immunoasay absorption of light by the substance (Solis, p. 680)
This refers to a truly virgin woman who has not borne a child, and there are no structural changes to infer previous B
sexual intercourse:
A- not knowing the nature of sexual life (usually applies to children
23 A. Moral Virginity
below age of puberty)
B. Virgo-Intacta
C- hymen is laxed and distensible
C. False Physical Virginity
D- permits any form of sexual liberties without rupturing the hymen;
D. Demi-Virginity
associated with inter-labia sexual intercourse
A kind of postmotem lividity, where the blood is inside the blood vessels and in liquid clotted form: A
2 kinds of livor mortis:
A. Hypostatic lividity
24 -Hypostatic Lividty: blood is still inside the blood vessels and in fluid
B. Diffusion lividity
form
C. Hydrostatic lividity
-Diffusion Lividity: blood has coagulated inside the blood vessels or
D. Differential lividity
has diffused into the tissues of the body
A sexual crime where the sexual act was done through abuse of authority or confidence: C
A- committed by any person who is soliciting or making immoral/
indecent advances to a woman interested in matters pending before
A. Abused against chastity the offending officer for decision
25 B. Simple seduction B- acts which tend to excite lust; conduct which is considered wanton
C. Ordinary Qualified Seduction or lewd
D. Acts of lasciviousness D- an act which is highly scandalous as to offend against decency and
good custom

The Anti-Rape Law of 1997 falls under: C

A. RA 9354 Recall
26 B. RA 8254
C. RA 8353
D. RA 9253
A type of DNA that is inherited from the mother only: B
A. Nuclear DNA Two types of DNA:
27 B. Mitochondrial DNA 1) Nuclear/chromosomal DNA: inherited from the mother and father
C. Both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA 2) Mitochondrial DNA: inherited from the mother
D. Neither nuclear nor mitochondrial DNA
Rigor mortis is complete when_______ are stiff already: D

28
 Eyelids: 3-4 hours
A. Fingers Face and jaw: 4-5 hours
28 B. Jaw *Fingers and toes: 11-12 hours
C. Eyelids
D. Toes *From 2.02 trans: Starts from the eyelids, muscles of the jaw, face,
arms, legs, and toes
An autopsy technique that involved the removal of internal organs in situ with en bloc: A
A- Characterized by in situ dissection, in part combined with en
bloc removal wherein there is removal of the notable organs
A. Rokitansky B- Organs removed one by one and dissected as they are
29 B. Virchow removed
C. Le Tulle C- Modified Virchow (for for preserving vascular supply and
D. Ghon relationship
between organs)
D- Compromise between Virchow and en masse techniques
Rulings based on laws that affect or deal with the practice of medicine are covered in: A
A. Medical jurisprudence From 2021 feedback
30 B. Forensic medicine
C. Litigation medicine
D. Legal medicine
Which of the following will NOT produce asphyxial signs by smothering? C
A. Gagging From 3.02 trans: In smothering, asphyxial signs will be present except
31 B. Overlaying in cases of plastic bag suffocation
C. Plastic bag suffocation
D. Mugging
Maybe produced by semi-sharp-edged instruments which causes irregular edges on the wound, like hatchet and C
choppers:
A- Caused by crushing of the skin between two hard objects
B- Skin over the area will be stretched up to a breaking point and
32 A. Splitting laceration
fractured bone will be exposed
B. Overstretching
C- May be produced by semi-sharp edged instruments which
C. Tearing
causes irregular edges on the wound
D. Grinding compression
D- Weight and grinding movement may cause separation of the
skin with the underlying tissues
Cafe coronary is commonly seen in: D
A. Strangulation Cafe coronary syndrome refers to the fatal choking on food. Sudden
33 B. Smothering collapse during or shortly after a meal should always raise the
C. Drowning possibility of Café coronary.
D. Choking
Gettler’s test is used to diagnose death due to: B
A. Strangulation Recall
34 B. Drowning
C. Burns
D. Hanging
The following accompanies the exiting bullet, except: D
A. Soot or carbon Flame, smoke, and gunpowder residues would usually accompany the
35 B. Flame bullet as it exits the barrel. Soot or carbon will produce powder burns
C. Gunpowder residues or smudging and become embedded in the skin.
D. Contusion collar
The caliber of the firearm is determined by measuring the distance between the: B
A. Lands and groove In Firearms, the caliber is the diameter of the bore measured from
36 B. Lands to lands land to land, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch
C. Measure the diameter of muzzle
D. Groove to groove
Deoxyribonucleic Acid is composed of three subunits, except: B
A. The phosphate group Each nucleotide contains 3 parts:
37 B. The acid group - Phosphate group
C. The deoxyribose sugar group - Sugar (deoxyribose)
D. One of the 4 bases - Nitrogenous base (organic)
Characteristic of contact gunshot wound seen when the muzzle is within a distance of 7-12 inches away: C
A. Tattooing or peppering only From 2021 feedback
38 B. Singeing and tattooing only
C. Smudging and tattooing only
D. Singeing of hairs, smudging, tattooing only
DNA evidence can be collected from the following, except: B
A. Mouth opening in ski mask Process of elimination based on 3.04 trans
39 B. Sundried blood specimens
C. Stamps from mailed envelope
D. Bite marks
The Takayama test is used to confirm for the presence of blood after a positive test with an acceptable presumptive C
test like Kastle-Mayer. What does the Takayama test look for to confirm the presence of blood?
40 A. Flocculation of the blood on the slide The Takayama test is a microcrystallization test that depends on the
B. Presence of the hydroxide anion addition of specific chemicals to the blood so that characteristic
C. Presence of rhomboid crystals crystals will be formed.
D. Reaction with antihuman hemoglobin antibodies
Which of the following tests will allow the examiner to determine if the blood is of human origin or not? B
A. Kastle-Mayer Test All three other choices answer the question, "Is it blood?"
41 B. Precipitin Test
C. Benzidene Test
D. Takayama Test
Physical or mechanical stretching resulting to separation of skin or portion of tissues: C
A- Caused by crushing of the skin between two hard objects
B- Tear of the skin or underlying tissues due to forcible contact with
A. Splitting
42 blunt instrument
B. Laceration
C- Physical or mechanical stretching resulting to separation of a
C. Avulsion
portion of the skin or tissue
D. Tearing
D- May be produced by semi-sharp edged instruments which causes
irregular edges on the wound
Secondary flaccidity occurs due to: A

43
 A. ATP depletion Rigor mortis is a muscle spasm 2-3 hours after death due to ATP
43 B. Loss of all reflexes depletion.
C. Autolysis of the muscle
D. Saponification
A grandmother was insisting that her helper be charged with infanticide for the death of her 5-day old grandson. B
The Assistant City Prosecutor disagreed and said that an infant is defined in infanticide as:
44 A. A child less than 2 months old Recall: Infanticidal death refers to the killing of a child less than 3 days
B. A child less than 3 days old old.
C. A newborn up to 28 days old
D. A child up to 2 years old
A firearm was fired upwards and when it went down, it allegedly hits a sleeping child inside the house, which is true C
of the following statements:
45 A. The bullet will not penetrate the inside of the body because the bullet has a weaker/slower velocity already. - GSW of entry: Usually smaller than the bullet or missile
B. The entrance wound will be smaller than the bullet itself. - GSW of exit: Usually bigger or larger than the bullet or missile
C. The entrance wound will be larger than the bullet itself.
D. The wound will be non-penetrating.
The mixture is actually detecting the presence of such a catalyst, in this case the iron in hemoglobin: C
A. Benzidine Test Recall
46 B. Kastle-Meyer Test
C. Luminol Test
D. Leucomalachite Test
Mummification occurs when the climate is: D
Mummification characteristics:
A. Dry and cold - Hot, dry climates
47 B. Moist and cold - Brown to black leathery appearance
C. Moist and hot - Due to rapid dehydration
D. Dry and hot - Internal organs continue to deteriorate to a black-brown putty-like
consistency
A technique devised in 1983, to amplify small amounts of DNA: A
A. Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR Recall
48 B. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism or RFLP
C. Short Tandem Repeats or STR
D. Variable Number of Tandem Repeats or VNTR
Dry drowning is due to: C
From 3.02 trans
49 A. Ventricular fibrillation
B. Sudden immersion in cold water resulting to cardiac arrest Dry drowning: Fall into water column --> water entering
C. Sudden laryngeal spasm nasopharynx/larynx --> intense laryngeal spasm --> asphyxia -->
death
A homicidal strangulation where the neck is compressed between two sticks. B
A- Attacking the victim from behind and grasping his throat or throwing
A. Garroting a ligature over the neck and tightening it quickly
50 B. Bansdola B- Compressing the neck between 2 sticks
C. Mugging C- Compressing the victim’s neck against the forearm like in martial
D. Throttling arts
D- Compressing the victim's neck by the hand
Within how many hours from knowledge should a physician report of a suspected case of child abuse A
From 3.02 trans
A. 48
51 B. 60 Under Article 166 of the Child and Youth Welfare Code, Physicians
C. 24 are duty bound to report any maltreated or abused children they have
D. 36 treated within a period of 48 hours from
their knowledge
When a physician performs an abortion, the penalty imposable is the ______ that imposable in abortions performed C
by a non-physician
From 3.02 trans
52 A. Minimum of
B. Next lower in degree
Physicians employing violent means of abortion would be subject to
C. Maximum of
Reclusion temporal in the maximum (approximately 17 years)
D. Next higher in degree
compared to non-physicians
Of the conditions that must be met in order that a patient in an emergency may be transferred, which may be D
dispensed with under certain circumstances?
From 3.02 trans
53 A. The receiving hospital agrees to the transfer
B. Transfer entails less risks than the patient's continued confinement
Conditions in choices A, B, and C are absolutely necessary. For D, we
C. Necessary emergency treatment and support has been administered to stabilize the patient
can dispense with this requisite only if the patient was just wheeled in
D. Patient's consent to transfer
unconscious with no accompanying relative (cannot get consent)
A physician may be held criminally liable as principals for merely cooperating in which of the following crimes, if C
any? (a) substitution of one child for another, (b) intentional abortion
54 A. Neither (a) nor (b) Crimes against civil status of persons, such as simulation of births,
B. (b) only substitution of one child for another, and concealment or
C. (a) only abandonment of a legitimate child- mere participation/cooperation of
D. Both (a) and (b) an MD could render him/her liable as a principal
How may the criminal offense of unnecessary prescription of dangerous drugs be committed? (a) prescribing a
dangerous drug to a patient whose condition does not require its use entirely; (b) prescribing a dangerous drug to a
C
patient whose condition does not require it in the dosage prescribed; (c) keeping extra duplicate copies of the
prescription of dangerous drugs:
From 3.02 trans
55
A. (a), (b), and (c) It is considered as an unnecessary prescription:
B. (a) and (c) only 1. When you prescribe a dangerous drug to someone who does
C. (a) and (b) only not require it
D. (b) only 2. When you prescribe a dangerous drug to someone who does
require it but in excess ● Penalty:
A case of Anthrax is __________ under the Mandatory Reporting of Notifiable Diseases and Health Events of
Public Health Concern Act. A

56
 From 3.02 trans
56 A. Reportable within 24 hours from detection
Anthrax falls into category 1 (immediately notifiable) diseases, along
B. Reportable within 1 week from detection
with: Acute Flaccid Paralysis, ADR following immunization, COVID-19,
C. Non-reportable
Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease, Human Avian Influenza, Measles,
D. Reportable within 12 hours from detection
Meningococcal Disease, MERS, Neonatal tetanus, Paralytic shellfish
poisoning, Rabies, SARS
Who among the following physicians may opt not to use generic names when prescribing? (a) privately practicing C
physicians in government facilities, (b) privately practicing physicians outside of government facilities.
From 3.02 trans
57 A. (b) only
Who shall use generic terminology in prescribing?
B. Both (a) and (b)
○ Employed by government while in government facilities
C. Neither (a) nor (b)
○ Medical and other consultants working in government facilities
D. (a) only
○ Medical doctors having private practice in government facilities
○ All other government public health workers
A woman who was bleeding profusely vaginally consulted at the emergency room of the Sisters of R'hllor Hospital
where she was met by Dra. Melisandre, the ER consultant. At the time, the woman was already pale and
hypotensive. When Dra. Melisandre found out the woman had just procured an abortion, she turned the woman
away without administering any treatment in accordance with the directive of the Medical Director, Dr. Thoros, for
abortion is strongly against the R'hllor faith. Dra. Melisandre and Dr. Thoros were charged with violation of the Anti- B
Hospital Deposit Law. In her defense, Dra. Melisandre claimed she was only acting under the directive of her
58 superior, Dr. Thoros; while Dr. Thoros, a priest of R'hllor, claimed lawful exercise of his right to religious freedom.
May Dra. Melisandre be held criminally liable under the Anti-Hospital Deposit Law?

Refusing to administer medical treatment and support as dictated by

good practice of medicine to prevent death or permanent disability is
A. No
considered an unlawful act in an emergency. An emergency is when
B. Yes
there is mmediate danger and where delay in initial support and
treatment may cause loss of life or cause permanent disability.
A woman who was bleeding profusely vaginally consulted at the emergency room of the Sisters of R'hllor Hospital
where she was met by Dra. Melisandre, the ER consultant. At the time, the woman was already pale and
hypotensive. When Dra. Melisandre found out the woman had just procured an abortion, she turned the woman
away without administering any treatment in accordance with the directive of the Medical Director, Dr. Thoros, for
B
abortion is strongly against the R'hllor faith. Dra. Melisandre and Dr. Thoros were charged with violation of the Anti-
Hospital Deposit Law. In her defense, Dra. Melisandre claimed she was only acting under the directive of her
59 superior, Dr. Thoros; while Dr. Thoros, a priest of R'hllor, claimed lawful exercise of his right to religious freedom.
May Dr. Thoros be held criminally liable under the Anti-Hospital Deposit Law?
Refusing to administer medical treatment and support as dictated by
good practice of medicine to prevent death or permanent disability is
A. No
considered an unlawful act in an emergency. An emergency is when
B. Yes
there is mmediate danger and where delay in initial support and
treatment may cause loss of life or cause permanent disability.
Which of the following has the authority to determine what is a nationally notifiable disease under the law? A*
A. Epidemiology Bureau The report should be given to the Local Epidemiology Surveillance
60 B. Philippine Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response Unit and the Local Health Office; however, the trans said that a
C. PhilHealth Board notifiable disease is determined by DOH.
D. Bureau of Quarantine
Dr. X, an emergency medicine physician, was on way to the hospital when she got stuck in the elevator of her
condominium with a woman in labor. Forced by the circumstances, Dr. X attended to the woman who eventually
gave birth to baby A before they could be rescued. Upon arriving at the hospital ER, Dr. X was forced again to D
attend to a childbirth (baby B) as the pregnant woman was already crowning when she was wheeled into the ER.
For which baby, if any, does Dr. X have the duty to certify the facts of birth?
61 2021 feedback
A. Neither Baby A nor Baby B
From 3.02 trans
B. Baby B only
C. Baby A only
It is the duty of the attending physician to certify the fact of birth
D. Both Baby A and Baby B
certificate but NOT always on duty to report this for entry in the civil
registry
Dr. X, an emergency medicine physician, was on way to the hospital when she got stuck in the elevator of her
condominium with a woman in labor. Forced by the circumstances, Dr. X attended to the woman who eventually
gave birth to baby A before they could be rescued. Upon arriving at the hospital ER, Dr. X was forced again to
attend to a childbirth (baby B) as the pregnant woman was already crowning when she was wheeled into the ER. D
For which baby, if any, does Dr. X have the duty to CERTIFY the facts of birth? For which baby, if any, does Dr. X
have the duty to report the facts of birth?
62
2021 feedback

Of the conditions that must be met in order that a patient in an emergency may be transferred, which may be dispensed with From 3.02 trans
under certain circumstances?
In case of birth, you are only obligated to report if you attended the
birth in a non-institutional setting.
According to the Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession, what is the primary objective of the practice of medicine? D
From 2.03 trans
A. Promotion and advancement of health
63 B. Being a friend of mankind
Primum non nocere is the number 1 fundamental principle; our
C. Primum non nocere
foremost responsibility is to do no harm; our primary objective is
D. Service to mankind
service to mankind
Dr. Phinaghandah is a plastic surgeon who was approached by Dr. Nagphaphaghandah, a dermatologist, together
with the latter’s 55 year- old mother, 18 year-old sister and infant daughter who are all financially dependent upon
her. Dr. Nagphaphaghandah's mother wanted to undergo rhytidectomy (facelift). Her sister wanted to undergo
B
reconstructive surgery for an unsightly scar from an old burn injury over the left half of her face. Her daughter was
for cleft lip and palate repair. Is Dr. Phinaghandah duty bound under the Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession to
64 waive her professional fees for Dr. Nagphaphagandah's mother?
From 2.03 trans
A. Yes
In the implementing guidelines issued by the PMA, ...it provides that in
B. No
case of ​cosmetic/aesthetic procedures​, we don’t have the duty to
waive our professional fees ​for them.
 Dr. Phinaghandah is a plastic surgeon who was approached by Dr. Nagphaphaghandah, a dermatologist, together
with the latter’s 55 year- old mother, 18 year-old sister and infant daughter who are all financially dependent upon
her. Dr. Nagphaphaghandah's mother wanted to undergo rhytidectomy (facelift). Her sister wanted to undergo
B
reconstructive surgery for an unsightly scar from an old burn injury over the left half of her face. Her daughter was
for cleft lip and palate repair. Is Dr. Phinaghandah duty bound under the Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession to
65 waive her professional fees for Dr. Nagphaphagandah's sister?
From 2.03 trans
A. Yes
In the implementing guidelines issued by the PMA, ...it provides that in
B. No
case of ​cosmetic/aesthetic procedures​, we don’t have the duty to
waive our professional fees ​for them.
Dr. Phinaghandah is a plastic surgeon who was approached by Dr. Nagphaphaghandah, a dermatologist, together
with the latter’s 55 year- old mother, 18 year-old sister and infant daughter who are all financially dependent upon
her. Dr. Nagphaphaghandah's mother wanted to undergo rhytidectomy (facelift). Her sister wanted to undergo
reconstructive surgery for an unsightly scar from an old burn injury over the left half of her face. Her daughter was A
for cleft lip and palate repair. Is Dr. Phinaghandah duty bound under the Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession to
66
waive her professional fees for Dr. Nagphaphagandah's daughter?

From 2.03 trans

A. Yes
Exception to the exception: When the plastic surgery is not for
B. No
aesthetic purposes but for reconstructive purposes. In this case, you
still have to waive your fees
Which of the following is NOT a valid consideration in determining the amount of professional fees of a doctor? D
From 2.03 trans
A. Time consumed with the patient
67 B. Professional standing of the doctor in the community The professional compensation should be reasonable and shall be
C. Services rendered guided by the patient’s capacity to pay, the standard fees in the
D. Doctor’s financial status community and such other factors as physician’s expertise, the
difficulty of the case, and the patient’s co-morbid conditions
Which of the following may a physician ethically broadcast on a TV show? (a) clinic address, (b) medical society to D
which he belongs.
From 2.03 trans

Content you can put on professional cards, internet,

68 A. Both (a) and (b)
directories and signboards are just these 5:
B. (b) only
● Name
C. Neither (a) nor (b)
● Clinic hours
D. (a) only
● Clinic address
● Fields of specialty/ line of practice
● Hospital/ healthcare facility affiliation
TRUE OR FALSE. Any amendment to our Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession must be ratified by majority of B
the entire roll of registered physicians in the Philippines.
From 2.03 trans
69 PMA code of ethics may be amended only upon these conditions:
A. True
○ Recommendation of the PMA Commission on Ethics
B. False
○ Approval of Board of Governors
○ Ratification by the General Assembly
○ Approval of the PRC through the BOM
Which, if any, is an allowable form of promoting one’s practice of medicine? (a) maintaining an internet website, (b) D
fee splitting with another physician for referrals made to him.
From 2.03 trans
70 A. (b) only
B. Neither (a) nor (b) Physicians may use ​professional cards, internet, directories and
C. Both (a) and (b) signboards​. Physicians shall not give nor receive any referral fees,
D. (a) only rebates, engage in fee-splitting, charge exorbitant fees, and must not
engage in ghost practice of the profession.
TRUE OR FALSE. Under the Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession, a physician may always initiate treatment A
without prior informed consent provided the case is an emergency.
From 2.03 trans
71
A. False
“... when a ​decision must be made ​urgently​... the patient is not able to
B. True
participate... and the patient’s kin...is not available, physicians may
initiate treatment without prior informed consent​...”
TRUE OR FALSE. Under the Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession, physicians are duty bound to share their A
research results with colleagues in the medical profession whether or not it would improve patient care.
72 From 2.03 trans
A. False
B. True "Research ​results that improve patient care shall be shared
with colleagues in the health profession."
Which doctrine imposes upon the head surgeon liability for the wrongful or negligent acts or omissions of those D
under his physical control and those wherein he has extension of control during the operation?
From 2.05 trans
73 A. Independent contractor theory
B. Doctrine of res ipsa loquitor
Definition of the doctrine wherein there is vicarious liability on the
C. Doctrine of apparent authority
surgeon. Vicarious liability: even if someone else was at fault, the
D. Captain of the ship doctrine
head is still liable and made to pay damages for the negligence
What is the degree of prudence that any physician must exercise in dealing with his patients? D?
From 2.05 trans
A. Special care and diligence
74 B. Utmost care and diligence of a very cautious person
As a defense to Respondeat Superior Doctrine, you can say that the
C. Extraordinary care and diligence
hospital observed ordinary care and diligence in the selection and
D. Ordinary care and diligence
supervision of the employee (Article 2190 of Civil Code)
Which is NOT an element of medical negligence C
Elements of medical negligence:
A. Breach of duty ● Duty
75 B. Injury ● Breach of Duty
C. Expert testimony ● Injury
D. Duty ● Proximate causation
● Doctrine of intervening cause
Who among the following is considered an employee of the hospital, if any? (a) consultant physician, (b) resident D
physician under training.

76
 Considered as employees: nurses, technicians, resident physicians (if
76 A. (a) only NOT under training).
B. (b) only
C. both (a) and (b) Not considered as employees: interns, consultant physicians and
D. neither (a) nor (b) resident physicians under training.

X who has been coughing for a month, consulted pulmonologist Dr. Y who was referred by his HMO card
coordinator. Dr. Y saw X in his clinic. X was diagnosed by Dr. Y with tuberculosis and was prescribed anti-TB drugs
with instruction to follow up after 1 month. Dr. Y informed X that the medicines may harm the liver and warned that
For
77-79
he should follow-up with him any time he experiences abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting or jaundice in the course of
therapy. Having experienced the symptoms warned of in 2 weeks’ time, X did not follow up with Dr. Y until 1 month
has passed. On follow up, Dr. Y instructed X to just continue medications and observe any worsening. Within a few
days, X died of liver failure.
Is the doctrine of assumption of risk applicable? B
Doctrine of assumption of risk - anyone who voluntarily assumes the
risk of injury from a known danger, if injured, is barred from
77 A. Yes recovering damages.
B. No
"If you knew there is a risk of injury, continued the act, and got injured,
you can’t sue anybody."
Is the legal concept of efficient intervening cause applicable? B
Efficient intervening cause (under Doctrine of Intervening Cause) -
active force that intervened between the breach of duty and the
resulting injury. It cannot occur before the negligence or after the
78 A. Yes injury. Breaks the relation of cause and effect and amounts to a
B. No complete defence of the physician.

"Negligence of patient intervened between the negligence of the

doctor and the cause of injury to the patient."
Is the doctrine of last clear chance applicable? A
Last clear chance - The contributory negligence of the party
injured will not defeat the claim for damages if it is shown that the
79 defendant might, by the exercise of reasonable care and prudence,
A. Yes
have avoided the consequences of the negligence of the injured party.
B. No
"Both parties were negligent, but the physician had the last clear
chance to prevent the eventual injury of the patient."
Which doctrine may be applied against the hospital to impose upon it vicarious liability for the negligence of one C
who is not its employee?
A - Hospital failed to perform its obligations directly
80 A. doctrine of corporate negligence B - Hospital is responsible for the negligence of its employees
B. doctrine of respondeat superior C - Hospital has held out a particular physician as it employee and a
C. doctrine of apparent authority patient has accepted treatment from that physician in the reasonable
D. independent contractor theory belief that it is being rendered in behalf of the hospital
D - Not under the control of the hospital, therefore not an employee
Which of the following, if any, has constitutional immunity from suit? (a) government hospital, (b) government A
physician.
Government hospitals may NOT BE SUED “without its consent”
(Article XVI, Sec. 3, Constitution) under the basis/protection of state
immunity. Funds of the government are supposed to be for public
81 A. (a) only
purposes.
B. (b) only
C. both (a) and (b)
Government employees (government physicians) may be held liable,
D. neither (a) nor (b)
not the hospital.

In which of the following is this an element: the possibility of contributing conduct which would make the plaintiff B
responsible is eliminated?
For the doctrines of informed consent, last clear chance, and
82 A. res ipsa loquitur doctrine contributory negligence, there could still be an element of contributing
B. doctrine of informed consent conduct which could make the plaintiff (the patient) partly liable as
C. doctrine of last clear chance well. However, in res ipsa loquitur doctrine, the fault is solely the
D. doctrine of contributory negligence physicians's and/or his/her team's; for instance, the patient cannot be
held liable for a gauze that the surgeon left inside his body.
Which administers the national internship matching program? A
A. Association of Philippine Medical Colleges Internship Matching Program - project of APMC-SN
83 B. Commision on Higher Education
C. Board of Medicine
D. Department of Health
TRUE OR FALSE. A medical school may require whatever minimum NMAT score it likes in choosing their B
applicants to the school.
84
A. True Minimum percentile is fixed (≥ 40th percentile score); but medical
B. False schools may impose HIGHER NMAT requirement for their applicants
How many members of the Board of Medicine are serving as a result of their position in some other office of A
government?
85 A. 0 Qualifications: natural-born citizen, duly registered physician, in
B. 6 practice for atleast 10 years, good moral, not a faculty of any school
C. 3 and no pecuniary interest
D. 4
Conviction of which among the following , if any, is a ground for denial admission to medical school? (a) violation of
bouncing checks law, (b) less serious physical injuries. C

Crimes under moral turpitude: abduction with consent, bigamy,

concubinage, smuggling, rape, estafa through falsification of a
86 document (bouncing checks), attempted bribery, profiteering,
A. (a) only
robbery, murder (whether consummated or attempted), estafa, theft,
B. (b) only
illicit sexual relations with a fellow worker, violation of BP Bldg. 2250,
C. both (a) and (b)
falsification of document, intriguing against honor, violation of the Anti-
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Fencing Law, violation of Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972 (drug-
pushing), perjury, forgery, direct bribery, frustrated homicide, less
serious physical injuries
X, a 15 year-old Micronesian prodigy, was offered an international scholarship by his government. His first choice
was to take up medicine in the Philippines. He holds a degree in Bachelor of Arts in Creative Writing. Is X eligible to B
Philippine medical school?
87
 87 A. No, because his State does not have reciprocity with the Philippines Qualifications: at least a baccalaureate degree, NMAT within the past
B. Yes, because nothing in the facts given would make him ineligible 2 years (≥ 40th percentile score), 2 certificates of good moral
C. No, because he is too young character from 2 college professors, not convicted of any offense
D. No, because the degree he holds is insufficient involving moral turpitude
Which issues the certificate of eligibility for admission to medical school to foreign students? B
A. The medical school applied to Foreign nationals should get the certificate of eligibility from CHED
88 B. CHED Central Office only central office
C. Department of Foreign Affairs
D. CHED Central Office as well as any regional office
Who among the following may be charged with illegal practice of medicine, if any? (a) religious leader who
guarantees whole body healing after a pray over, (b) a person who is not a certified acupuncturist performing D
acupuncture.
Acts constituting practice of medicine: physical examination and
diagnosis, treatment, operation, advertisement as a physician and
89 A. (a) only using title of MD after his name
B. (b) only
C. both (a) and (b) Acts no considered as practice of medicine: by provision of law
D. neither (a) nor (b) (other medical occupations, ex. PT, dentistry, prosthetics, etc.),
emergency service & household remedies, by court decisions
(taking BP, for beutification, medicated massage), and faith healing
A physician who charges professional fees for his services rendered in an emergency violates which of the D
following, if any? (a) the AntiHospital Deposit Law, (b) Code of Ethics of the Medical Profession.
"Anti-Hospital Deposit Law - treat and attend to emergency and
90 A. (a) only serious cases, unlawful to request, solicit, demand or accept payment
B. (b) only as a prerequisite
C. both (a) and (b) The law only states that a physician should not ask for payment prior
D. neither (a) nor (b) to attending to the patient; it does not prevent him/her from being
compensated for his/her service"
Who among the following foreign medical practitioners, if any, are obligated to provide medical services for free to
be allowed to practice medicine in the Philippines? (a) those under fellowship training, (b) those who are engaged A
by the Philippine Government as consultants in foreign-assisted projects.
91 A. (a) only Under the PRC-DOH Joint Administrative Order No. 2015-01, a
B. (b) only foreign physician under residency/fellowship training in the Philippines
C. both (a) and (b) would have no serve with no pay
D. neither (a) nor (b)
What is the basis of the authority of the State to regulate the medical profession? B
Recall
A. Executive power
92 B. Police power
Police power - basis of state regulation (inherent power to promote
C. Constitutional power
anything that is beneficial to general welfare and to prohibit anything
D. Due process
that is harmful to general welfare)
Patient Puto Bumbong died at the operating table. His surgeon was Dr. Suman, and his anesthesiologist was Dr.
For Tupig. The Bumbong family administratively charged Dr. Suman with gross negligence. During the trial, the
93-94 Bumbong family called on Dr. Suman to testify, and had a subpoena issued to Dr. Tupig. Both doctors objected and
refused to testify altogether invoking their right against self-incrimination.
Should Dr. Suman's objection be upheld? A
93 A. Yes Rights against self-incrimination - "No person shall be compelled to be
B. No a witness against himself"
Should Dr. Tupig's objection be upheld? B
94 Not included under rights against self-incrimination (if you were not a
A. Yes
party to the case and only subpoenaed, you cannot refuse to take the
B. No
witness altogether)
What is the essence of procedural due process? C
A. It is inviolable Recall
B. All persons shall be treated alike, under like circumstances and conditions both as to privileges conferred and liabilities
95 enforced Procedural due process - given the opportunity to be heard, given
C. notice and opportunity to be heard notice of what you are being accused of and given opportunity to
D. The law must be fair, reasonable and just defend yourself

TRUE OR FALSE. The rights during custodial investigation include the right to meet witnesses face to face. B
Rights during custodial investigation (Miranda rights)
96 A. True Right to remain silent, right to have a lawyer, right to be afforded a
B. False lawyer provided by the state, cannot waive these rights unless waived
in writing in the presence of a lawyer and right to be informed of all
these rights
Dr. X was convicted of Reckless Imprudence resulting in Serious Physical Injuries due to his medical negligence.
He applied for probation and was granted. Dissatisfied with the outcome, his patient, the complainant in the case,
filed a criminal charge for Serious Physical Injuries and an administrative charge for gross negligence and/or
incompetence based on the same incident. Dr. X sought to have both cases dismissed due to doble jeopardy.
97 Should the charge for Serious Physical Injuries be barred due to double jeopardy? A
Rights against double jeopardy - "No person shall be twice put in
A. Yes jeopardy of punishment under the same offense"
B. No
Only applicable in criminal cases.
Should the charge for gross negligence and/or incompetence be barred due to double jeopardy? B
98 A. Yes See explanation for 97. Gross negligence won't fall under criminal
B. No cases.
Which right/s is/are inherent in the practice of the medical profession? (a) right of way while responding to an A
emergency call, (b) right to avail of hospital services, and (c) right to membership in medical societies.
99 A. (b) only Inherent rights: right to choose patients, right to limit medical practice,
B. (a) and (b) only right to determine appropriate management procedures and right to
C. (a) and (c) only avail of hospital services
D. (a), (b) and (c)
TRUE OR FALSE. The right to religious belief may be absolute. A
100 A. True Right to believe is absolute. Freedom to exercise one's belief is
B. False subject to regulation and police power.
 SEC.
1. Choose the best answer

The following scenario is for question 1 to 5

Juan wanted to qualify for a Job with Laszlo Security Agency. They were providing high-end
exe~uv_e protection services to multinational corporations in countries where security Is lax. As
a prehmtnary requirement. he was made to undergo a polygraph examination
1. Who is one of the fathers of polygraph testing?
a Mar1<. Dellinger
-9...- William Marston
c. Dr. P . Eckman
d Ritam Ganguli
e EllenaSchodinger ~
2 In order to conduct the test, which of the following parameters ar'-~measured?
a. Blood PresSt:ff'8
b Heart rate-
c. SweatiRQ
d. Fidgeli~
e. Brain wave activity 'I.
3 Oneof the devices connected to Juan was electrodes to his fingertips, what is this
attachment measuring?
a. Electrodennal respon~
b. Skin conductance response
c. Galvanic Skin Response
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
4. If it was found that Juan was lying, why is the technique inadmissible in court?
a. The test is user independent
b. The test is dependent on the subjects susceptibility to the test.
c. The test is dependent on environmental conditions.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
5. This refers to variance between individuals in the level of their autonomic arousal.
E.:. Autonomic !ability
b. Autonomic psychopathy
c. Autonomic instability
d. Cerebral aganglionosis
e. Cerebellar dysfunction
6 . Boy Gwaping had a one-night stand with H. Liparot. After a few months, he found out
that she was pregnant and that she was alleging that it was his. He insisted that she
have a DNA paternity test which proved 99.999% conclusive that it was his. He insisted
that she should undergo an abortion and she agreed. They committed the crime of:
a. Unintentional abortion
b. Infanticide
c. Intentional abortion
d. Homicide
e. Parricide
7. Elizabeth was married to Joseph. Whenever they would have a disagreement, Joseph
would have bouts. of uncontrollable rage resultingtoElizabeth being beaten black and
blue.After the b_eating,he would _beg her to forgive him. She would assent and once h
argue, the beating recurs. She 1s a sufferer of: t ey
a. Post traumatic stress disorder
~ Battered woman syndrome
c. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
d. $ado-Masochism syndrome
e. None af the above
 8 Manny wanted to Mrs Ped Dee to ocknowledgo
was told to onng prools of
f1l1at1on
nuauon to prove his
=
8
8
their son Ho wont to Court 11ncs
~hO follo~ng are valid proota at

a.Act or birth or 1n1errupted

_...b Pos~ess,on of status, whether continuous dooth of tho father
c The child ,s born w,th,n 301 days atter th•
d All of the above
e None of Iha above fan~ praseoce..ol an obJecl or
9 This 1s a tonn of soxual perversion wherein the real or ltlcatlon. -
bochly part 1s necessary for sexual stlmulus and!or grat ·
a An1hngus
b Urologn1a
b-fetishism
d Mysophi118
e. Uranlsm tt k What offense
10. Staph was nd1ng In the MRT hen she felt a man tqw;JJ.I.OQ her bu oc s.
was committed by the man?
a Rape
b Qualified Seduction
~cts of Lasciviousness
d . Abduction
e. Adultery

The following scenario Is for question 1 ~ 4

Muller was caught havlng sex with an 11 r-old gir1 in Malate, Manila. Upon further
investigation, it was found that he also ha a 5 ear-old gir1 as a regular sex partner. It was
found that the 11 year-old was a c mercial s ork r that plied the trade in the Malate area.
It was also found that the 11 year old girl was brought to Dietrich by her father in exchange for P
10,000 without the knowledge of the mother. Upon being placed in jail, Dietrich was sexually
assaulted by the other inmates by forcing him to do oral and anal sex. Afterwards, the other
inmates beat him up and hit his head on the metal bars of the jail. In the morning, Dietrich was
found dead. On autopsy, it was found that he had suffered from a boxer's hemorrhage which
caused his death. t.-..1.\I«
11 What crime die' §" ; · I I commit when he had sex with th@ear old girl?
a. Rapa,
b. Simple Seduction
c. Republic Act 7610.-
d. AandC
8. Alf of the above
12 . What crime did the father of the child commit?
a. Corruption of Minors.,,
b. Republic Act 9262 ,-,
c. Republic Act 7610.,,
d. A and C
e AU of the above

13. What cnme did he commit when he had ~ex with the
a. Rape
Q
~
old girl?

b Simple Seduction
c. Qualified Seduction
d. CorTUption of minors
~ White slave trade

14. If the 11 year old was brought to the PNP c ·

examination and it was found that she had heal~;~ Lab
coaptible borders the th"1
'i°
I undergo medlco1egal
ymena acerat,ons Wlth sharp
R n s means that !he lacerations occurred at what time? --
a ecent .,._._\
b. 24hours ,y,.., ..,.
J'S~ ,,.,
c 4 to 10 days 0
~- '13.._,,, ~ ..
,g. 11 to30days --, , -
Jt More than one month

Legal Med Page z of 9

 15 Mayor Ma Hala
mamed What J { ,
convinced \!_7-rea,P old Digna to have sex with him despite his being
a_ Rape 0 ense dtd the Mayo'r commit?
b Simple Seduction
c. Qualified Seduction
a"" Acts of lasciviousness
• Adultery
16 Le 5ler has been courting Jean ror the last s years She had repeatedly told him that she
did not love htm. Lester waited for Jeanto come home rrom school one night a n d ~
her to come with him to a motel where !hey had Intercourse VVhat offense ~
commit?
a Rape
b. Quahf1ed Seductron
c. Consented Abduction
~ Forcible Abduction
e Adultery

The following scenario is for question 17 to 24

John end Marsha were high school sweethearts . As a result of their love, Marsha got pregnant
Hcrwever, both of them agreed that they were not ready to start a family so they went to Ourapo
and bought some medicine from the pharmacist so that she would miscarry. After drinking the
said drug, She indeed lost her baby but they continued to be sweethearts until they graduated
from college. After graduation, Marsha told John that she was pregnant once more. This time
however. John was ready and asked Marsha to marry him. They married in a civ~·1 remony
before a judge and su~entty, Marsha gave birth to a bouncing baby boy named eter They
had 2 more children . Alex o was born 3 y e ~ e rand rDiaiiewho was the you g st child
and e : 6 years er. Unknown to John, iane s c o n ~ when Marsha had an affair
with abb o was John's best friend. This Ir was discovered by John a few years later
and he ad their marriage annulled.
17. What crime did John and Marsha commit?
a. Intentional Abortion
b. Unintentional Abortion
c. Illegal Dispensation of Abortifacient
d. Infanticide
e. None of the above
18. \/Vhat crime did the Pharmacist commit?
a. Violation of Article 256 of the Revised Penal Code
b. Violation of Article 257 of the Revised Penal Code
~ ~ola~on of A~cle 258 of the Revised Penal Code
'.ll- Violation of Article 259 of the Revised Penal Code
e. None of the above
19. What is the status of Peter?
a. Legitimate --
b. Legitimated
c. Illegitimate
d. Not determinable
20. What is the stab.Js of Diane?
_!:.. Legitimate
b. Legitimated
c. Illegitimate
d. Not determinable
21. What crime did Marsha and Gabby commit?
~dultery
b. ConOJbinage
c. V~olat!on of Republic Act No. 9262
d. V1ola~on of Republic Act No. 9802
e .. Violation of Re~·c Act No 9995
22. What rs the status of Ian if Joh .. .
a. Legitimate n is successful m impugning paternity?
b. Legitimated
.S. Illegitimate
d. Not determinable

legal Med Page 3 of 9

 23 The follO\Altng ar1, ~~
wa~; o1 imp.1,grnr'IQ peterruty ~ t , a v e ,nterc.ourse With Marsha'
a Prove that he 1a impotent vwnenever Ile anemp
b P,ove lhal they Wfff8 hvlng ,epsnl tely ,,,. e ct,,ld
c DNA T&1t1ng of Iha hu,band and w,fe sod u, prevent mm from tiaving seX1Jal
85 10
d Prove that he lNBI 1utfonng senous 1flneH
tntercouru with Marsha
e None of the 09')-l'e nt 15 granted?
24 WKif,a the statua o(A1e3iaftor the decre! of annu Ime
..JL. Legitimate
b leg1tJmatod
c llleg1limete
d Not de_IennInable with her c.ousin \/Vhef'l tne parents
25. Jenny was 1~·:year~ld when sne began having ~e)( k What offense did the cousin
founci out. th~rted lhe act 10 the Women s Des
commit?
a Rape
b. Quahfied Seduction
c Incestuous Quallfled 5eductJon
....c---
d Acts of Lasciv10usness
e AbductJon . of town she would have sex with
26 Diana was mamed to Jim On days when Jim was out ,
Jim's best man at their wedding What cnme did they commit?
a Rape
b Qualified Seduction
c. Acts of Lasciviousness
d Abduction
~ Adultery . lh rt to lo with him But
27 Dante convinced 16-year otd Hazel who was his HS swee ea e pe od _ What
pnor to succ.esstully getting away, they were caught by the Barangay Tan s
crime did he commit?
a Qualified Seduction
b. Acts of Lasciviousness
c. Consented Abduction
d. Forcible Abduction
e. No crime was committed because they loved each other. ~
28. M. Nyak was accused of raping his neighbor. vVhat would be a valid defense f o ~
,b Impotence
b. Sterility
..._ Bolh
"Ir.' Neither

The following scenario is for question 29 to 33

Linavelle was a cilnic:al clerk assigned to the Department of Surgery. On the last day of lheIr
rotation, her team decided to give a party to their residents. They brought food and alcoholic
beverages and had a great time. At the party, Unavelle was flirting with their resident Because
she had drunk too much, she subsequently passed out and she was brought to the quarters In
the morning, she woke up naked and with some vaginal bleeding. She cried rape and filed a
case against the resident
28. Does Unavelle have a valid case against the resident?
a No, because she Initiated the intercourse by nirting with the resident 'I.
b. No, because she had willingly started the exchange by drinking wtth the resident.)(
c. Yes, because one of the means of committing rape is if the woman is drunk /
c[" Yes, because she was under the influence of sexually stimulating drugs ..
e. Yes, because she had fought back but he was still able to effectuate carnal x
intercourse.
30. On the medicolegal report, It was found that Lisa and d hymenal taaarations at the 3
o'clock and 7 o'dock positions What does the ee lacerabo refer to?
a. Laceration extending up to one halt of the tota Wt of the hymen~-\--- -
_g_ Laceratio~ extending up to more_ than one half of the total Width of the hymen but
not reaching the base ot the vaginal watl. /
c Lac.eratton involving the total width or the hymen ....,t'°"-
d Laceration extending to the surrounding tissues beyood the
(11,~--· vagtna 1cana 1
 31 It was also noted Iha I
some or th she was posmve for sperm under direct v1suellzation However
8
minutes? sperm was 1mmot1le How many percent of sperm are mot.lie aner 45
a 20%
·1, 40%
C 60%
d 80%
e 100•~
32 Upon rurther examination, 1t was found that approxlmalely 2.5 ml of semen was
recoverud. This would support tl1e theory that she was assaulted once
~ True
b False
c Neither true or false
d - Cannot be determined
33 If she had waited for 6 days before agreeing to undergo the examination Could sperm
Still be detected 1n the vaginal canal? tt'
a Yes 'l;,
...b No
c.

an adult. she wanted

dee·
Neither yes nor No
d. Cannot be ed
34. Grace was borne an orpha . She w a s ~ into a good home but when she became
d out the Identity of her parents. This pertains to the status of
the child with cegacds ta hts/her parents.
a Impotence
b Sterility
c.Paternity
~ Filiatlon
e. Surrogacy
35 This pertains to the l~ck of power to copulate hence resulting to a lack of offspring.
~ Impotence •
b. Sterility
c. Paternity
d . Filiation
e. Surrogacy

The following scenario is for questions 36 to 37

\/Vhlle consulting at the ER for vaginal pleading, Ruth was noted to have multiple contusions at
the postenor aspect of the anns which was noted to be of differing coloration and heahng and
recent contusions at the bilateral thigh. The Physician immediately reported the findings to the
Women's Desk Officer.
36. Upon further mteiview, it was found out that she was repeatedly beaten by her husband.
A case of _ _=~_was promptly filed against him.
a Battered Women Syndrome
b. Senous Physical Injuries
C. Republ!c Act 9262
d Parricide
e. All of the above.
37 It was also found out that her husband periodically forces her to have interco
whenever he gets drunk Upon genital examination, 1t was noted that she had
contusions along the labia majora i:is well as abrasions In the vaginal mtroitus after he
f~: ~
punched her 1n the pubic area when she refused to have sex with ht u b
charged with rape, the husband advanced the e e that 8 husba d m pon eing
of raping his wife The following statements are alse egardin th n can~gu,tty
a A husband cannot commit the cnme of ra 9. is scenano ~
1s part of the cohabitation which IS h pon .hls wrf~ because the sexual act
b The lack of a hymenal laceration isan_ in ere~t ob11gat1on in mamage f
c The tact of drunkenness 15 a Just f dtr~ct e,victence of consensual intercourse 1
I
the wife ica ion or the husband to force himself upon
d The collateral findings that were presen~d
sexual intercourse had transpired was suggestive only that rough
.!!- None of the above. · (

L~aat Med Pa1e 5 of9

38 This condition commonly results from an anatom,c obstruction of the male reproductive
system
~Impotence
..,9. Stenlity
· c Paternity
d Fillat1on
e Surrogacy
39 Jerry went to his cardIolog1sl and sued him for not proper1y disclosing the effects of his
beta blocker medication Which of the following is often a result of anti-hypertensive
medications?
k Impotence
oSterility
c. Paternity
d Fihatlon
e. Surrogacy
40 Manny was borne to a single mother but his mother told him that the one who
impregnated her was Derek Ramsey Manny sues Derek for recognition This refers to
the relationship of tbe C..U:lar with cegard to the child.
a Maternity
b Stenlity
.s-Patemity
d. Filiatlon
e Surrogacy
41 Mano and Kori were not able to conceive children So they hired Leah to carry their child
lo term This refers to the act of engaging a third party to bear the child to dehvery.
a. Maternity
b Of-site fertilization
c. Artrficial Insemination
d Artificial Filiation
e. Surrogacy
42. Dan and Calla were sweethearts who decided to seal their love by getting a secret
mamage. After a few years, their love for each other soured and they decided to split up
since their marriage was known only to them Dan met Mylah who he developed a grea1
love for He proposed marriage and she accepted. Upon going to the NSO, he found out
that he could not get a certificate of s1ngle~cause he was recorded as being the
husband of Calla. Which of the following are rue?
a. There is no such thing as a ·secre ~age All marriages which follow the
- - provision of the Family Code are valld
b. The officiating officer was negligent because he let the c1v1I registrar know of the
marriage hence he is liable
c The marriage Is null and void ab initio because the neither of the two family was
aware of it
d. Dan's consent was violated because Calla did not show her true colors pnor to
the marriage
e None of the above
43. Under Republic Act~o0. child prostitution includes those who promote or fac,htates
by the following act except·
a. Acting as a p rer of child prostitute.,,,_
b. Inducing a person to be a chent of a child prostitute...-
~ Threatening or using violence towards a child i,,
d. G1v1ng monetary or material consideration to a child with intent to engage such
child m prostitution -
e. Taking advantage of influence to procure a child as a prostitute_

lq,t Med Pq,. I of 9

--
The following c
Gemld and S ~•n1rto 11 for queatlon 44 to 46
8
the age or 15 Sh were high .school sweetheans As a result or !,t)8ac-Jove, she got pregnant at
8
pregnant Wi th th , gave birth to a bouocarw baby boy named@tp_ve~ After col1'1e.....-sb_.e got
her third r eir second chdd nem~i:+-- After giving birth to m er, they g~m~. On
sectm p egnanci, she suffered from preeclampsla and had to undergo emergency caesarean
b n In her 31 week age of gestation During the OR Sarah suffered convuls10ns and
SU sequenuy passed away Aftec.J§rours , U,e baby also died 'I;" .......
44 1/v'hQt IS l~m-tff ~tren?, -
ll He 1s legt11mate rom concopUon lo present
b He Is illegitimate from conception to present
£... He 1s legiUmated by the marriage
d He needs to be adopted to become leglUmate
45 Whet Is the status or Amber?
~-_ She 1s legitimate daughter of Gerald
b She Is megitlmate daughter of Gerald x.
c. She 1s the legitimated daughter of Gerald and sai;;,
d None of the ebov~
46 \tVhat is the status of the(3~hild?
,>- She ls the legitimEi're ...._ . .
b. She 1s the Illegitimate because she 1s not yet considered a person
c. She is the illegitimate
d. None of the above.
47 This is a term which r~~~o a condition of a woman who pe.fil];ts any form of sexual
liberty as long as they ~from ruptuQng the hymen.
_)L.- Deml-vlrginity
b. Virgo lntacta
c. True Physical Virginity
d Moral virginity
e. False Physlcal Virginity ~
48 . The following are causes of child abuse ~~
a. Husband Is dlspGting paternity ..
b. lllegibmacy _ ,
c Child is born as a consequence of rape ,,.
d. The child Is a good luck charm to the familyll'
e. None of the above
49. Wflatare the instances when rape is punishable by reclusion perpetua to death (when
death is again allowed by the state)
a. When the victim becomes insane/
b . When the victim almost dies because of the rape,--
c. When the victim becomes pregnant,
d. When the victim becomes afflicted with venereal diseq&p.
e All of the above
SO. In Republic Act 7610, the following are requisit r the commission of Child Abuse {as
was also held in the case of People v Optena except
a. The acrused commits the act of sexual urse..,.....
b. The said act was performed with a child exploited in prostitutioR
c. The child consented to the act of prostitution ,,,,
if' The child is below 18 years of age ._,,,
e None of the abov~
51. In VAWC cases, who ar~llowed file for a Barangay Protection Order
a. The offended party ,..,.
b. Any interested person in the case
c. The parents of the offended party •
d. The grandparents of the offended party
.JL. The doctor of the offended party
52 According to RA 9262, the Healthcare provider shall:
a P~perly document the victim's physic.al, emotional, economic or psychological
1nJunes
~Properly recc:rd any of the victim's suspicions, observations-and ciro..,mstance of
the examination
c Provide the victim with a medical certificate concerning the visit after requestmg
from medical records and payment of the appropriate fees.
d. Make the records of the v1s1t available upon presentment of a vahd subpoena
duc:estecum
 e All or the above
53 The following are considered Probable E.v1dence of Pregnancy1c:.~
Q
a Abdom1no1 Enrergemen _,.,,,,
.J2-Percept1on or felal movement by the examiner'('
c Changes 1n the cervuc
d. Prosence or Braxton Htcks Contractions
e Changes 1n the size of the uterus C)
54 In Republic Act 9262 , which of tho fol10W1ng eels , s ~ ~ e d ?
a Stalking
b Psychological Abuse
c Sexual violence
d Battered women syndrome
e Econom1c abuse
55 ThefoUow1ng f1nd1ngs have ~een found to be indicative of abuse
a Th,ckened areas or t~ymen
b . Neovascu1ar1zatJon
c Irregular edges of lhe hymen
d All of the above
e" None ot the above
56. Which of the following are~dicaUons for immediate delivery of the baby.
a. Severe placental a~tion
~ Hemormage from placenta prevla
c. Cord prolapse
d . Impending maternal death
e. Preeclampsia
57. The following are complications of abortion
a. Hemorrha?e
b. Sepsis.
c. EmbOli!W'l
d. Shock
e. All of the above
58. Dr:-ff. llotwas a licensed doctor and a known practitioner of an obsrure religion that
allows for children to be aborted as part of their religious tenets. He made it known thn.J
word of mouth that he was willing to do abortions for free as part of his religious practice .
After one of his abortions, his client bled uncontrollably after he was unable to
completely remove placental fragments and she subsequently became comatose. The
parents of the woman found out about his practice and reported him to the NBI. He was
charged with :
a . Abortion practiced by a physician
b. Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide .
..S- Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide and unintentional abortion
d . Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide and abortion practiced by a
physician.
e . He is not liable as it is covered by the constitutional right to religious freedom

Matching Type
Match the poison to the functional classification
a. Stimulant, Excitant and Hallucinogen
b. Convulsant
c. Tranquilizers
d. Corrosive and Metallic Poisons
e Agrochemical Poisons

0 59 Lye
€ 60. Organophosphates
A g.Y Melhylenedioxymethamphetam1ne
0 a2. Choral hydrate
C 68'"" Strychnine
"- 64. Belladonna a
,,_i;5_ Heroin
'b66. Antimony
v 67 _Aconite
~ ~ Malathion

L~al Med Page I of g

Match the Sexual Dysfunction With the d f
a Ospres1oph11i0 e in1t1on
b Satynes1s
c Geron1oph1ha
d Tro1hsm
e Coprolaha
ft 69 Th 8
sexual deviant uses obscene language or profane words to obtain sexual
gratification
B 70 This IS the cnccess1ve sexual desire In men
~ 71 Th1s 1s the need for stimulus of a pleasant Orfoul odor for sexual st1mulallon
72 This is a s1tuatmn \\'here 3 persons participate 1n sexual orgies
C. 73 Th1s ,s the desire to have sex with older persons
Sha~,<K)r True and Shnd@r false
C 14 "irnder the law. v1rg1rn'Wfs synonymous with chastity
C 75. Sex 1ns1de a vehicle may cause the death of both partners , d
A 76 AlH 1s a technique of artitlclal insemination where the sperm comes from the husban
and pooled donors.
A. 77 If the child who is trafficked Is under 12 years of age , the penalty to be imposed shall be
the maximum penalty of death. .
A 78 In the case of People v. campuhan, the Supreme Court ~eld that th~ penetration of the
male penis to the vagina is a necessary element for the cnme of qualified seduction .
A 79. Unexplained infertility fs women is low and ranges from 5 to 20%.
~ 80 The psychopathy of the subject and his ability to anticipate the questions affects the
validity of the polygraph examination. .
C. 81 Polygraph examination is widely used in dragnet screening of potential government
employees.
C 82 . In the case of People v. Jalosjos, it was stated that the age of consent for sexual
1ntercourse In the PhiHppines Is 13 years of age.
C.. 83. The child delivered by the surrogate mother shall be the illegitimate child of the genetic
parents. \""
C 64 Republic Act 7610 explicitly prohibits any person from inducing a child to perform In
obscene publications and obscene shows.
C 85. Surrogacy is recognized under Philippine Law but results to illegitimate children If the
sperm donor is not the husband.
Q 86. A match using DNA paternity testing creates a conclusive presumption of paternity.
P... 87 The fihatlon of illegitimate children can be proved by using the same means as legitimate
children .
A 88. Many IVF clinics transfer a blastocyst for optimal implantation in the uterus.
C 89. The marked retraction of the fourchette is a proof of a previous cesarean section.
C 90. The act of marriage allows the husband to force the wife to have sexual intercourse with
him
A. 91 Sexual abuse of boys correlatewith development of anxiety disorders and depression ,n
adulthood
A 92. Carbon ~onoxide ha~ more than 200X more affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen,
A 93. In forensic examination of abused prepubertal children, it was found that only 55% of
case exh1b1ted hymenal lacerations.
C 94. lnappropnate touching is not considered a form of sexual abuse but of the crime of
seduction.
C 95. In the case of People v Qulnanola, it was found intact hymen supports the conclusion
that no sexual abuse has occurred.
A. 96 A Temporary Protectio~ Order Is issued the Punong Barangay until a Penna t
Protection Order can be issued by the Court. nen
A. 97 It is the duty of the prosecutor to communicate with the victim in a language that they
can understand such as the local dialect.
~ ~· ~ 761 0's guiding principle is in llne with the Convention of the Rights of the Child
common cause of tubal occlusion which It . .
- inflammatory disease resu s in Infert11ity In women is pelvic
C. ioo Post-vasectomy men can utili I-1
- ze as a defense for crimes involving sexual assault

............... ..._..,.
.._
END OF EXAMINATION••• .. •••••--••••--••-••