England and Great Britain are sometimes mistaken for being the same country.

But in fact,
England is a part of Great Britain – or the United Kingdom (the UK), which is more correct to
say.
England shares borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. It lies on the island of
Great Britain and over one hundred smaller islands. It is washed by the Irish Sea, the Celtic Sea,
the North Sea and the English Channel. Plains and low hills cover most of England, but some
regions are mountainous. The climate is temperate maritime, with mild temperatures.
Much of England is flat or low-lying especially in southern England. Mountains are found in the
north.
The Cheviot Hills are a range of low mountains forming a border between England and Scotland.
They extend 35 miles (56 km) is a north-eastern to south-western direction. The hills are part of
the Northumberland National Park.
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The Pennines , in the north, are a large chain of limestone hills with moorland tops rising to
between 600 and 900 metres. The chain runs from Scotland to halfway down the length of
England, splitting northern England into northwest and northeast sectors. The Pennines are
sometimes called the backbone of England. Other names for the Pennines are Pennine Chain or
Pennine Hills.
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To the west of the northern Pennines are the Cumbrian Mountains , a mountainous dome of
ancient rocks deeply eroded by glaciers. The area of the Cumbrian mountains is the most rugged
in England and is more commonly known as the Lake District after the many lakes there.
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The highest point in England, Scafell Pike, 3,205 ft. (978m) is part of the Cumbrian Mountains.
The Lake District, famous for its lakes and scenic beauty, is one of England's most popular
recreation areas. Lake Windermere, one of the area's many lakes, is the largest lake in England.
It stretches 10.5 miles (17 kilometers) long and about 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) wide.
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The wide expanse of Salisbury Plain occupies most of the central part of southern England. It
covers an area of approximately 300 square miles ( 775 sq km) and is drained to the south by the
River Avon. Sailsbury plain is a barren chalk plateau without trees and much of it is used as a
pasture for sheep.
Many people travel to see Stonehenge, a prehistoric monument located on Salisbury Plain.
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The Seven Sisters are chalk cliffs, part of the coastline of the south-eastern tip of England.
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Dartmoor moorland area is famous for the wild Dartmoor ponies that live there.
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Rivers
The longest and best known river in England is the Thames which flows through London. It is
346km long. The river gives its name to several geographical and political entities including the
Thames Valley, a region of England centred around the river between Oxford and west London,
the Thames Gateway, the area centred around the tidal Thames, and the Thames Estuary to the
east of London.
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