y

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A em e m
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m c a c
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c ad i n in
A v
lIGCSEAlPast Year v
i n A y
lv m
y m Unit 07
A
Logarithmic e and d e
Exponential Functions
d a
ca A
c
A n
i
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A
0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

Mathematical Formulae

y
e m
1.  ALGEBRA

ad
Quadratic Equation
c in
For the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, A lv
i n
−b 2
b − 4 ac A y
v
x=
l 2a
y
A e m e m
Binomial Theorem
y d ad
m ( ) ( ) n
c a () n c n

d e A
(a + b)n = an + 1 an–1 b + 2 an–2 b2 + … + r an–r br + … + bn,
A
ca ( ) vin n n!
in
lv
where n is a positive integer and r =
A l
(n – r)!r!

A
i n A y
lv m
y m
A e d e 2.  TRIGONOMETRY

d a
ca c
Identities

A A sin2 A + cos2 A = 1

i n sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A

lv cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A

Formulae for ∆ABC

A
a b c
sin A = sin B = sin C

a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A
1
∆= bc sin A
2

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/21/M/J/14 13

2 1
11  (a)  Solve 2 x - 5x
= . [4]
64

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
 
m c a c
(b)  By changing the base of log 2a 4 , express ^log 2a 4h^l + loga 2h as a single logarithm to base a. [4]

e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/22/M/J/14 7

6  (a)  (i)  State the value of u for which lg u = 0 . [1]

y
    (ii)  Hence solve lg 2x + 3 = 0 .
e m [2]

ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
 
A v l v
(b)  Express 2 log 3 15 - ^loga 5h^log 3 ah, where a > 1, as a single logarithm to base 3.
l
[4]

i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/23/M/J/14 4

2  Using the substitution u = log 3 x , solve, for x, the equation log 3 x - 12 log x 3 = 4 . [5]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/21/O/N/14

3  Solve the following simultaneous equations.

log2 (x + 3) = 2 + log2 y
y
em
log2 (x + y) = 3 [5]

ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A
© UCLES 2014 0606/21/O/N/14

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/21/O/N/14 6

5  The number of bacteria B in a culture, t days after the first observation, is given by

B = 500 + 400e 0.2t .

  (i)  Find the initial number present. y [1]

e m
ad
c in
A lv
  (ii)  Find the number present after 10 days.
i n A y [1]

lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
 

c ad
(iii)  Find the rate at which the bacteria are increasing after 10 days.

i n in [2]

A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
 
A
(iv)  Find the value of t when B = 10000 . [3]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/13/O/N/14

7  Solve the equation 1 + 2 log 5 x = log5 ^18x - 9h. [5]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
© UCLES 2014 0606/13/O/N/14 [Turn over

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

14
0606/22/F/M/15
10  (a)  (i)  Sketch the graph of y = e x - 5 on the axes below, showing the exact coordinates of any
points where the graph meets the coordinate axes. [3]

y
y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v O
y x

A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
   
A l v l v
(ii)  Find the range of values of k for which the equation e x - 5 = k has no solutions. [1]

i n A A
lv y J1 N y
 
A em L2P e m
(b)  Simplify log a 2 + log a 8 + log a K O , giving your answer in the form p log a 2 , where p is a
constant.
d ad [2]

ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

  (c)  Solve the equation log 3 x - log 9 4x = 1. [4]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/22/M/J/15

1
6  (a)  Solve 6x - 2 = . [2]
4

y
e m
ad
c in
  (b)  Solve A
log a 2y 2 + log a 8 + loga 16y - loga 64y = 2 loga 4 . lv [4]

i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca
[Turn over
c
© UCLES 2015 0606/22/M/J/15

A A
i n
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/23/M/J/15 3

1  (a)  Write log 27 x as a logarithm to base 3. [2]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
em
  (b)  Given that log a y = 3 ^loga 15 - log a 3h + 1, express y in terms of a. [3]
A e m d
y ad c a
e m c A
ad A n
c i n v i
A l v l
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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11
© UCLES 2015 0606/23/M/J/15 [Turn over
0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/22/O/N/15

5  (b)  Solvetheequation lg (3x - 2) + lg (x + 1) = 2 - lg 2 . [5]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad [Turn over

ca
©UCLES2015 0606/22/O/N/15

c
A A
i n
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 07 Logarithmic and exponential functions

0606/23/O/N/15 8

6   Solve the following equation.

2
  log2 (29x - 15) = 3 + [5]
log x 2
y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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