Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 7

3URVLGLQJ.

RQIHUHQVL1DVLRQDO(QJLQHHULQJ3HUKRWHODQ;   ,661;

KOMPUTERISASI DESAIN MECHANICAL TOYS SEBAGAI MEDIA


PEMBELAJARAN SAINS PADA SISWA BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS

Eva Hertnacahyani Herraprastanti1)*, Suluh Jatmiko2) , Eko Budi Santoso3)


 -XUXVDQ7HNQLN0HVLQ7HNQLN6LSLO6775RQJJRODZH&HSX
 -XUXVDQ7HNQLN0HVLQ3ROLWHNQLN6$.7,6XUDED\D

Abstrak

8QWXNELVDPHPDKDPLVDLQVPHPHUOXNDQSHUSDGXDQELGDQJLOPXVHSHUWLPDWHPDWLNDILVLNDEDKNDQELRORORJL.HVHPXDLOPX
WHUVHEXW WHULQWHJUDVL VDWX VDPD ODLQQ\D 6DPSDL VDDW LQL SHPEHODMDUDQ VDLQV GLDQJJDS VHEDJDLVHVXDWX \DQJ PHQ\HUDPNDQ
GDQ PHPEXWXKNDQ SHUKDWLDQ OHELKEDQ\DNEDJL VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV 6HODPDLQLVLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV NXUDQJ
EHODMDU PHQJHQDL VDLQV EDKNDQ \DQJ XPXP VHNDOLSXQ VHSHUWL JHUDN GDQ PHNDQLVPH \DQJ PHQJJHUDNNDQQ\D6LVZD
EHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXVEHOXPPHQJHWDKXLEDJDLPDQDFDUDPRELOEHUJHUDNPDXSXQFDUDPHVLQEHUSXWDUGVE6HKLQJJDWLPEXO
SHUWDQ\DDQ EDJDLPDQD PHQJHQDONDQ VDLQV NHSDGD VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV" -DZDEDQQ\D DGDODK PHODOXL ³PHGLD´ \DQJ
ELVDPHPEXDWSHODMDUDQVDLQVPHQMDGLVHVXDWX\DQJPHQ\HQDQJNDQ6DODKVDWXPHGLD\DQJWHSDWDGDODK³PDLQDQ´0DLQDQ
\DQJ GLPDNVXG EXNDQ PDLQDQ VHPEDUDQJDQ QDPXQ PHPLOLNL QLODL HGXNDWLI GDQ IXQJVL WHUDSLV 'LVHEXW VHEDJDL PDLQDQ
HGXNDWLINDUHQDPDLQDQLQLPHUDQJVDQJSHPLNLUDQVLVZDGDQIXQJVLWHUDSLVQ\D\DLWXXQWXNPHQLQJNDWNDQIXQJVLPRWRULNVLVZD
0DLQDQ PHNDQLNDO \DQJ DNDQ GLUDQFDQJ LQL DGDODK PDLQDQ \DQJ ELVD EHUJHUDN \DQJ PDPSX PHQJKDVLONDQ JHUDNDQ VHSHUWL
DNWLILWDVRUDQJKHZDQDWDXPHVLQ6XPEHUSHQJJHUDNPDLQDQPHNDQLNDOVDQJDWVHGHUKDQD\DLWXEHUEHQWXNURWDVL $GDSXQ
WXMXDQSHQHOLWLDQLQLDGDODK 0HQXPEXKNDQNHVDGDUDQSHQWLQJQ\DSHQJHQDODQVDLQVEDJLVLVZDEHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV\DQJ
GLXNXUGHQJDQQLODLKDVLOSHODMDUDQ6DLQV ,3$0DWHPDWLND  3HQJJXQDDQVRIWZDUH)XVLRQPHQMDGLNDQGHVDLQSURGXN
PHQMDGLOHELKPXGDKGDQWHUOLKDWUHDONDUHQDGLVHUWDLVLPXODVLSDGDPHNDQLVPHSHQJJHUDNQ\D/DQJNDKNHUMDGDODPSHQHOLWLDQ
LQL \DLWX    0HQJLGHQWLILNDVL GDQ PHQJNODVLILNDVLNDQ VHWLDS JHUDNDQ VXDWX REMHN   0HUDQFDQJ GDQ PHQJJDPEDU GHVDLQ
SURGXN REMHN ' NRPSRQHQ PHVLQ   VLPXODVL PHNDQLVPH SHQJJHUDN GHQJDQ SHUDQJNDW OXQDN )XVLRQ  $GDSXQ KDVLO
SHUDQFDQJDQ GHVDLQ PDLQDQ PHNDQLN LQL DGDODK EHUXSD JDPEDU GDQ PHNDQLVPH SHQJJHUDN mechanical toys \DQJ GDSDW
PHQMHODVNDQ WHQWDQJ  VDLQLV 'DODP KDO LQL SHUDQFDQJDQ mechanical toys PHQJJXQDNDQ VRIWZDUH )XVLRQ  GLPDNVXGNDQ
DJDU UHSURGXNVL GDQ PRGLILNDVL SURGXN PXGDK GLODNXNDQ 0HNDQLVPH JHUDNDQ SURGXN MXJD ELVD GLVLPXODVLNDQ WDQSD KDUXV
PHPEXDWGDQPHUDNLWVHOXUXKNRPSRQHQQ\DWHUOHELKGDKXOXVHSHUWLSDGDSURVHVSHUDQFDQJDQPDQXDO

Kata kunci : sains, mainan, mekanikal, Fusion 360

Abstract

8QGHUVWDQGLQJ RI VFLHQFH LV GRQH LQWHJUDWHG ZLWK RWKHU ILHOGV VXFK DV PDWKHPDWLFV DQG SK\VLFV 6R IDU VFLHQFH KDV EHHQ
UHJDUGHGDVVRPHWKLQJVFDU\DQGIDUIURPWKHZRUOGRIVWXGHQWVZLWKVSHFLDOQHHGVZKRKDYHVSHFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH'XULQJWKLV
WLPHVWXGHQWVZLWKVSHFLDOQHHGVODFNHGOHDUQLQJDERXWHYHQFRPPRQVFLHQFHVXFKDVPRWLRQDQGWKHPHFKDQLVPWKDWPRYHV
LW6WXGHQWVZLWKVSHFLDOQHHGVGRQRWNQRZKRZWRPRYHFDUVRUKRZURWDWLQJPDFKLQHVHWF6RWKHTXHVWLRQDULVHVKRZWR
LQWURGXFHVFLHQFHWRVWXGHQWVZLWKVSHFLDOQHHGV"7KHDQVZHULVWKURXJKPHGLDZKLFKFDQPDNHVFLHQFHOHVVRQVIXQ2QHRI
WKHULJKWPHGLDLVWR\V7KHLQWHQGHGWR\LVQRWDFDUHOHVVWR\EXWKDVHGXFDWLYHYDOXHDQGDWKHUDSLVW
VIXQFWLRQ,WLVUHIHUUHG
WRDVHGXFDWLRQDOWR\VEHFDXVHWKHVHWR\VVWLPXODWHVWXGHQWV
WKLQNLQJDQGWKHWKHUDSLVW
VIXQFWLRQQDPHO\WRLPSURYHVWXGHQWV

PRWRUIXQFWLRQ7KHPHFKDQLFDOWR\VWKDWZLOOEHGHVLJQHGDUHPRYDEOHWR\VWKDWFDQSURGXFHPRYHPHQWVVLPLODUWRWKRVHRI
SHRSOHDQLPDOVRUPDFKLQHV7KHGULYLQJVRXUFHRIPHFKDQLFDOWR\VLVYHU\VLPSOHLQWKHIRUPRIURWDWLRQ7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLV
VWXG\LV 7RUDLVHDZDUHQHVVRIWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIVFLHQFHIRUVWXGHQWVZLWKVSHFLDOQHHGVPHDVXUHGE\
WKHYDOXHRIVFLHQFH 0DWKHPDWLFV0DWKHPDWLFV  7KHXVHRI)XVLRQVRIWZDUHPDNLQJSURGXFWGHVLJQHDVLHUDQGPRUH
UHDO EHFDXVH RI VLPXODWLRQV LQ GULYLQJ PHFKDQLVP 7KH ZRUN VWHSV LQ WKLV UHVHDUFK DUH   ,GHQWLI\LQJ DQG FODVVLI\LQJ HDFK
PRYHPHQW RI DQ REMHFW   'HVLJQLQJ DQG GUDZLQJ WKH GHVLJQ RI ' REMHFW SURGXFWV HQJLQH FRPSRQHQWV   VLPXODWLQJ WKH
GULYLQJPHFKDQLVPZLWK)XVLRQVRIWZDUH 7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHGHVLJQRI PHFKDQLFDOWR\GHVLJQVDUHLQWKHIRUPRILPDJHV
DQGWKHPHFKDQLVPRIGULYLQJPHFKDQLFDOWR\VWKDWFDQH[SODLQVDLQLV,QWKLVFDVHWKHGHVLJQRIPHFKDQLFDOWR\VXVLQJ)XVLRQ
VRIWZDUHLVLQWHQGHGWRPDNHSURGXFWUHSURGXFWLRQDQGPRGLILFDWLRQHDV\7KHSURGXFWPRYHPHQWPHFKDQLVPFDQDOVREH
VLPXODWHGZLWKRXWKDYLQJWRPDNHDQGDVVHPEOHDOOWKHFRPSRQHQWVILUVWDVLQWKHPDQXDOGHVLJQSURFHVV
.H\ZRUGVFLHQFHPHFKDQLFDOWR\V)XVLRQ

1. Pendahuluan ELVD VDQJDW VDQJDW GHNDW GHQJDQ NHKLGXSDQ


1.1 Latar Belakang VHVHRUDQJ MLND ELVD PHQHUDSNDQ PHWRGH EHUSLNLU
3HPDKDPDQ VDLQV GLODNXNDQ WHULQWHJUDVL GHQJDQ VDLQWLILN GDODP PHQJHYDOXDVL LQIRUPDVL \DQJ GLWHULPD
ELGDQJ ODLQ VHSHUWL PDWHPDWLND GDQ ILVLND 6ains ELVD 6HMDXK LQL VDLQV GLDQJJDS VHEDJDL VHVXDWX \DQJ
WLGDN DGD JXQDQ\D EDJL VHVHRUDQJ MLND GLSHODMDUL PHQ\HUDPNDQGDQMDXKGDULGXQLDVLVZDEHUNHEXWXKDQ
GHQJDQFDUD\DQJVDODK\DLWXPHQJKDIDOUXPXVWDQSD NKXVXV .DWD VDLQV PHUXSDNDQ KDO \DQJ VXOLW WLGDN
PHQJHUWL NRQVHS PHQJKDIDO EHUEDJDL PHWRGH XQWXN WHUMDQJNDX VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV \DQJ PHPLOLNL
PHQJHUMDNDQVRDOGDQVHEDJDLQ\D1DPXQVDLQVMXJD NHFHUGDVDQWHUEDWDV0LWRVPLWRVLQLWHODKEHUMDODQGDUL

.RUHVSRQGHQVL7HO)D[
(PDLOHYKHUWQD#JPDLOFRP
”7HNQLN0HVLQ8QLYHUVLWDV8GD\DQD

(YD+HUWQDFDK\DQL+HUUDSUDVWDQWLHWDOx3URVLGLQJ.1(3;±x,661;

JHQHUDVL NH JHQHUDVL VHKLQJJD VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ GHQJDQ QLODL KDVLO SHODMDUDQ 6DLQV ,3$
NKXVXVSDGDDNKLUQ\DPHPLOLKPHQMDXKGDULVDLQV 0DWHPDWLND 
6XDWX WHRUL SDGD sains KDUXV GLGXNXQJ GHQJDQ  0HQLQJNDWNDQ SHQJHWDKXDQ JXUX VLVZD
EXNWL \DQJ NXDW $QWDUD WHRUL \DQJ VDWX GHQJDQ \DQJ EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV GDODP PHQJJXQDNDQ PHGLD
ODLQQ\D KDUXV NRPSDWLEHO WLGDN EROHK DGD \DQJPHQ\HQDQJNDQEDJLVLVZD
SHUWHQWDQJDQ%HJLWXMXJDNHWLNDPHQJDMXNDQKLSRWHVLV  0HQXPEXKNDQ PLQDW VLVZD WHUKDGDS PDLQDQ
EDUX 6XDWX NHMDGLDQ ELVD GLSUHGLNVL GHQJDQ PHNDQLV \DQJ ELVD PHQGXNXQJ LQGXVWUL NUHDWLI
PHQGHGXNVL GDUL WHRUL \DQJ VXGDK GLNHWDKXL .RUHODVL 0DLQDQ PHNDQLV GDSDW GLMDGLNDQ SURGXN XQJJXODQ
DQWDUD GXD NHMDGLDQ DWDX OHELK ELVD WHUOLKDW GDUL GDWD \DQJPHPLOLNLQLODLHNRQRPLV
VWDWLVWLNGDQVHEDJDLQ\D  3HQJJXQDDQ VRIWZDUH PHQMDGLNDQ SURVHV
3URVHV PHPSHODMDUL sains GHQJDQ EHQDU SDGD SHPEXDWDQ SHUDQFDQJDQ SURGXN PHQMDGL OHELK
VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV DNDQ PHODWLK PHUHND PXGDK
PHQJJXQDNDQ SULQVLSSULQVLS ORJLND GDODP -HQLVPDLQDQ\DQJDNDQGLGHVDLQGHQJDQ 3URJUDP
PHQJHYDOXDVL DSDNDK LQIRUPDVL \DQJ GLSHUROHK LWX )XVLRQGDODPSHQHOLWLDQLQLDGDODKVHEXDKSURGXN
EHQDU DWDX VDODK 3URVHV LQL DNDQ PHQJDVDK PDLQDQPHNDQLNDO VHSHGD WXQJJDO mono bike  \DQJ
NHWDMDPDQ GDODP EHUSLNLU NULWLV GDQ PHQJJXQDNDQ DNDQ PHQVLPXODVLNDQ JHUDN URGD PHODOXL PHNDQLVPH
ORJLND 3RQGDVL sains \DQJ NXDW EDJL VLVZD URWDVL GDQ HQJNRO crank  0DLQDQ PHNDQLNDO \DQJ
EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV DNDQ PHPSHUPXGDK PHUHND GLUDQFDQJ LQL ELVD GLJHUDNNDQ ROHK  PDFDP
XQWXN PHQMDGL SULEDGL \DQJ PDPSX EHUSLNLU ORJLV GDQ PHNDQLVPH SHQJJHUDN VHGHUKDQD \DLWX crank GDQ
PDQGLUL. linkage mechanism
3HUWDQ\DDQQ\DDGDODKEDJDLPDQDPHQJHQDONDQ 7HUGDSDW VHMXPODK EDWDVDQ GDQ DVXPVL \DQJ
VDLQV NHSDGD VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV" 6DODK GLJXQDNDQ GDODP GHV DLQ monobike GDODP SHQHOLWLDQ
VDWX MDZDEQ\D DGDODK PHODOXL ³PHGLD´ \DQJ ELVD LQL \DLWXVHEDJDLEHULNXW
PHPEXDW SHODMDUDQ VDLQV PHQMDGL VHVXDWX \DQJ
 3URGXN PHPLOLNL IXQJVL XWDPD VHEDJDL PHGLD
PHQ\HQDQJNDQ 6DODK VDWXPHGLD \DQJ WHSDW DGDODK
EHODMDU VDLQV GDQ PHODWLK NHPDPSXDQ PRWRULN
³PDLQDQ´ >@ 0DLQDQ \DQJ GLPDNVXG EXNDQ PDLQDQ
VLVZDEHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV
VHPEDUDQJDQ QDPXQ PHPLOLNL QLODL HGXNDWLI GDQ
 3HUDQFDQJDQ mono bike XQWXN PHPSHUNHQDONDQ
IXQJVL WHUDSLV 'LVHEXW VHEDJDL PDLQDQ HGXNDWLI
JHUDNDQ URWDVL, GDUL SRURV HQJNRO crank  GDQ
NDUHQD PDLQDQ LQL PHUDQJVDQJ SHPLNLUDQ VLVZD GDQ
linkage mechanism \DQJWHUMDGLSDGDPHVLQ
IXQJVL WHUDSLVQ\D \DLWX XQWXN PHQLQJNDWNDQ IXQJVL
 0DLQDQ PHNDQLN mono bike GLSHUXQWXNNDQ EDJL
PRWRULN VLVZD 3HUPDVDODKDQ \DQJ GLKDGDSL \DQJ
VLVZDEHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV XVLDVGWKQ 
PHQ\HEDENDQ SHQJXDVDDQ VDLQV SDGD VLVZD
 2EMHN SHQHOLWLDQ DGDODK DQDNDQDN  UHPDMD
EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV EHOXP RSWLPDO DQWDUD ODLQ
XVLD  VG  WKQ  \DQJ SHUQDK EHUPDLQ
NRPSHWHQVL JXUX GDODP SHQJXDVDDQ VDLQV WHUEDWDV
PDLQDQ\DQJEHUJHUDN OHELKGDULNDOL 
PHGLD UXDQJ SUDNWLNXP GDQ VDUDQDDODWDODW VDLQV
$JDU NHVHOXUXKDQ JHUDN PDLQDQ GDSDW GLOLKDW PDND
EHOXPDGD
SHUOX GLWHWDSNDQ NRPSRQHQ SHQJJHUDNQ\D OHELK
0DWHUL VDLQV DQWDUD ODLQ WHQWDQJ ³JHUDN´ 6LVZD
GDKXOX \DLWX    %DJLDQEDJLDQ PDLQDQ \DQJ
EHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXVVDQJDWVHQDQJEHUPDLQGHQJDQ
GLJHUDNNDQ   'LPHQVL SURGXN   -HQLV GDQ SROD
EHQGDEHQGD \DQJELVDEHUJHUDNPHPXWDUPHPXWDU
JHUDNDQ   3RVLVL PDNVLPDO GDQ PLQLPDO  
PHOHQWLQJ DWDX PHOXQFXU >@ 0DLQDQ PHNDQLV \DQJ
NHFHSDWDQ GDQ   SHQJJHUDN XWDPD 1RPRU   VG
GDSDW GLJXQDNDQ XQWXN VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV
  WHUNDLW GHQJDQ WRSLN VLQWHVD VHGDQJNDQ QRPRU  
DGDODK PDLQDQ \DQJ PDPSX PHQJKDVLONDQ JHUDNDQ
GDQ  WHUNDLWGHQJDQWRSLNDQDOLVDNLQHPDWLND>@
VHUXSDGHQJDQDNWLYLWDVWHUWHQWXGDULPDQXVLDKHZDQ
$GDSXQNRPSRQHQNLQHPDWLNDPDLQDQPHNDQLNDO
DWDXPHVLQ0DLQDQLWXELVDGLJHUDNNDQGDQELVDGLOLKDW
WHUOLKDWSDGD7DEHO>@
VHPXDPHNDQLVPHSHQJJHUDNQ\D
0HUDQFDQJ PDLQDQ PHNDQLV WLGDN ELVD VHFDUD
7DEHO.RPSRQHQ.LQHPDWLNDSDGD0DLQDQ
PDQXDO NDUHQD PHOLEDWNDQ EHEHUDSD NRPSRQHQ \DQJ
0HNDQLNDO
EHUJHUDNUHODWLIVDWXVDPDODLQ>@'DODPSHQHOLWLDQLQL
DQDOLVLV SHUDQFDQJDQ GHVDLQ PDLQDQ PHNDQLNDO 1R .RPSRQHQ *HUDNDQ2XWSXW
PHQJJXQDNDQ software )XVLRQ  0HODOXL PDLQDQ .LQHPDWLND
PHNDQLNGLPDQDJDEXQJDQDQWDUDVDLQVGDQPDLQDQ  3XOOH\EHOW 5RWDVL
GLKDUDSNDQ PHPEXDW VLVZD EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV  &DPIRORZHU /LQLHURVLODVLKHOLNDO
PHQMDGLWHUWDULNXQWXNEHODMDUVDLQV
0DLQDQ EDJL DQDN EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV  )RXU%DU/LQNDJH 5RWDVLHOLSV
VHWLGDNQ\D ELVD PHPEXDW PHUHND EHUJHUDN GDQ  6OLGHU&UDQN /LQLHUHOOLSV
PHPEHUL PHUHND DVXSDQ VHQVRUL \DQJ DNDQ VDQJDW  4XLFNUHWXUQ /LQLHURVLODVL
EHUPDQIDDW VHSDQMDQJ KLGXSQ\D %DGDQ DQDN EHODMDU
 *HDU 5RWDVL
GDUL SHUJHUDNDQ GDQ SHQJDODPDQ VHQVRUL GDQ WXEXK
DNDQ VHPDNLQ WHUDPSLO MLND KDO WHUVHEXW GLODWLK VHFDUD
EHUXODQJXODQJ>@. 1.2 Mainan yang Sesuai untuk Anak Berkebutuhan
$GDSXQWXMXDQSHQHOWLDQLQLDGDODK Khusus
 0HQXPEXKNDQ NHVDGDUDQ SHQWLQJQ\D SHQJHQDODQ %HUPDLQ DGDODK VHWLDS NHJLDWDQ \DQJ GLODNXNDQ
VDLQVEDJLVLVZDEHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV\DQJGLXNXU XQWXN NHVHQDQJDQ \DQJ GLWLPEXONDQ WDQSD
PHPSHUWLPEDQJNDQ KDVLO DNKLU %DJL DQDN EHUPDLQ


'1.3XWUD1HJDUDHWDOx3URVLGLQJ.1(3;±x,661;

GDSDWPHQFDSDLSHUNHPEDQJDQILVLNLQWHOHNWXDOHPRVL SHUKDWLDQ DQDN DQDN EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV XQWXN


GDQ VRVLDO 3HUWXPEXKDQ GDQ SHUNHPEDQJDQ ILVLN PHQJDPDWLDUHDVHNLWDU>@
DQDN MXJD GDSDW GLOLKDW VDDW EHUPDLQ DQDN VHFDUD 6HODLQ GDSDW GLOLKDW ZDUQD MXJD ODQJVXQJ
WLGDN VDGDU PHQHPXNDQ VLNDS WXEXK \DQJ EDLN PHPSHQJDUXKL SHULODNX GDQ PHPSHQJDUXKL QLODL
PHODWLK NHNXDWDQ NHVHLPEDQJDQ GDQ PHODWLK HVWHWLND GDQ WXUXW PHQHQWXNDQ NHPDPSXDQ DQDN
PRWRULNQ\D PHODNXNDQ VHVXDWX :DUQD GDSDW PHQLPEXONDQ
5XDQJ OLQJNXS WHUDSL EHUPDLQ DQDN EHUNHEXWXKDQ SHUDVDDQ WHQDQJ EDJL MLZD GDQ SLNLUDQ VHUWD
NKXVXV PHQXUXW 'HVLQLQJUXP >@ GLUXPXVNDQ PHQJRQWURO HPRVL GDQ PHQJHPEDQJNDQ GD\D
EHUGDVDUNDQ NDUDNWHULVWLN DQDN WXMXDQ PDXSXQ LPDMLQDVL
VDVDUDQ\DLWX 0HQXUXW 7XPELMR >@ ZDUQD PHUXSDNDQ KDO \DQJ
 %HUPDLQ \DQJ EHUNDLWDQ GHQJDQ ODWLKDQ VHQVRULN SHQWLQJ GDODP NHKLGXSDQ VHKDULKDUL 1DPXQ EDJL
PRWRULN ODWLKDQ SHQJHPEDQJDQ IXQJVL PDWD DQDN EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV WLGDNODK PXGDK XQWXN
WHOLQJD GDQ ODWLKDQ RWRW VHSHUWL GRNWHUGRNWHUDQ PHQJHQDOZDUQD0HQXUXW'DQXDWPDMD>@GLVHEXWNDQ
SODVWLVLQ EHEHUDSD FDUD PHQJHQDO ZDUQD EDJL DQDN
 %HUPDLQ XQWXN PHQJHPEDQJNDQ LPDMLQDVL NUHDVL EHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV\DNQL
HNVSUHVL PHPXSXN NHNXDWDQ RWRWPHODWLK  0HQJHQDONDQZDUQDSRNRN\DLWXPHUDKNXQLQJGDQ
PHPHFDKNDQ PDVDODK GDQ PHQLPEXONDQ UDVD ELUX
SHUFD\D GLUL VHSHUWL ODWLKDQ PHPDVDQJERQJNDU  0HQJDUDKNDQ DQDN PHQ\RUWLU ZDUQD GDUL ZDUQD
SX]]OHPHZDUQDLJDPEDU \DQJGLDFDN
5DJDPODWLKDQWHUDSLEHUPDLQODLQQ\D\DLWX6HQVRULN  9DULDEOH
PRWRULN EHUMDODQ SDGD WDOL PHQHQGDQJ EROD  0HQJDUDKNDQDQDNPHQJHORPSRNDQZDUQD PHUDK
PHOHPSDUERODPHPEXDWPHQDUD VDPDPHUDKNXQLQJVDPDNXQLQJGDQELUXVDPDELUX
6HEDJDLPDQD GLVHEXWNDQ GL DWDV EDJL DQDN
1.3 Psikologi Anak EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV ZDUQD SHUWDPD \DQJ GDSDW
'DODP NRQWHNV SVLNRORJLV DQDN EHUNHEXWXKDQ GLSHUNHQDONDQDGDODKZDUQDWHUDQJDWDXZDUQDSULPHU
NKXVXV OHELK PXGDK GLNHQDOL GDUL VLNDS GDQ SHULODNX VHSHUWL ZDUQD PHUDK 3HQJDSOLNDVLDQ ZDUQD GDODP
VHSHUWLJDQJJXDQSDGDNHPDPSXDQEHODMDUSDGDDQDN JDPEDUJDPEDU VHSHUWL ELQDWDQJ NDUWXQ DWDX WRNRK
slow learner JDQJJXDQ NHPDPSXDQ HPRVLRQDO GDQ superhero NHVXNDDQDQDNWHUVHEXW\DQJPHQDPSLONDQ
EHULQWHUDNVL SDGD DQDN DXWLV JDQJJXDQ NHPDPSXDQ VSHNWUXP ZDUQD ODLQ ELVD PHPEDQWX PHPSHUNDU\D
EHUELFDUDSDGDDQDNDXWLVGDQ$'+'(Attention Deficit SHQJHWDKXDQZDUQDEDJLDQDNEHUNHEXWXKDQNKXVXV
Hyperactivity Disorder) \DLWXJDQJJXDQSHUNHPEDQJDQ
GDODPSHQLQJNDWDQDNWLYLWDVPRWRULNDQDNDQDNKLQJJD 1.5 Pemilihan Tema pada Mainan
PHQ\HEDENDQ DNWLYLWDV DQDNDQDN \DQJ WLGDN OD]LP 3HPLOLKDQ WHPDSDGD PDLQDQ PHNDQLNGLSHQJDUXKL
GDQFHQGHUXQJEHUOHELKDQ GDUL QLODL HGXNDVLQ\D GDQ NHFRFRNDQ SDGD NRQVHS
0HQXUXW 6\DRGLK >@ WHQWDQJ SHUNHPEDQJDQ PDLQDQ 1LODL HGXNDVL GLSHUWLPEDQJNDQ GHQJDQ
SVLNRORJL DQDNDQDN PHPLOLNL PDVD GLPDQD WHUMDGL VHEHUDSDEHVDUSHQJDUXKXWDPDSDGDSHUNHPEDQJDQ
EHEHUDSDIDVHSHUNHPEDQJDQSVLNRORJLQ\D3DGDXVLD SHQJHWDKXDQ DQDN VHVXDL GHQJDQ NXULNXOXP
 ±  WDKXQ \DQJ GLVHEXW WDKDS 2SHUDVLRQDO .RQNULW SHQGLGLNDQQ\D VHGDQJNDQ NHFRFRNDQ SDGD NRQVHS
GDSDW GLJDPEDUNDQ SDGD WHUMDGLQ\D SHUXEDKDQ SRVLWLI PDLQDQ DGDODK NHFRFRNDQ WHPD GHQJDQ NRQVHS
FLULFLULQHJDWLIWDKDSSUHRSUDVLRQDOVHSHUWLGDODPFDUD PRGXODUSDGDPDLQDQ
EHUILNLU HJRVHQWULV SDGD WDKDS RSHUDVLRQDO NRQNULW
PHQMDGL EHUNXUDQJ GLWDQGDLQ\D ROHK GHVHQWUDVL \DQJ 1.6 Program Fusion 360
EHQDUDUWLQ\DDQDNPDPSXPHPSHUOLKDWNDQOHELKGDUL )XVLRQ  PHUXSDNDQ SURJUDP ' VHFDUD JUDILV
VDWX GLPHQVL VHFDUD VHUHPSDN GDQ MXJD XQWXN \DQJ GDSDW GLJXQDNDQ GDODP LQGXVWUL PDQXIDNWXULQJ
PHQJKXEXQJNDQ GLPHQVLGLPHQVL LWX VDWX VDPD XQWXN PHUDQFDQJ GDQ PHPEXDW MDMDUDQ SURGXN GDQ
ODLQ2OHK NDUHQDQ\D PDVDODK NRQVHUYDVL VXGDK VXNXFDGDQJ 3URJUDPLQL GLEXDW ROHK $XWRGHVN \DQJ
GLNXDVDL GHQJDQ EDLN $QDN XPXU  WDKXQ WHODK MXJDSHPEXDWSHUDQJNDWOXQDN$XWR&$'GDQODLQODLQ
PHQFDSDL WDKDS DNKLU SDGD SHUWXPEXKDQ SDGD PDVD $XWRGHVN)XVLRQPHQJJDEXQJNDQIDVLOLWDVSRSXOHU
NDQDNNDQDN GDQ SURVHVQ\D UHODWLI ODPEDW GDQ GDUL DSOLNDVL ODLQ \DQJ VHMHQLV GDQ PHQFLSWDNDQ
EHUWDKDS \DLWX SHULODNX DJUHVLI \DQJ WLPEXO SDGD XVLD DQWDUPXND OHELK PXGDK SDNDL GDQ VROXVL \DQJ ELVD
 WDKXQ GDQ WDKDS SHQGHZDVDDQ SDGD XVLD  PHQ\HVXDLNDQGLUL
WDKXQ'DQ GDODP PDVD LQL DQDN GDSDW PHQHULPD GDQ
$XWRGHVN)XVLRQEHNHUMDSDGDMDMDUDQSODWIRUP
PHPSHODMDUL NHWHUDPSLODQ EDUX VHKLQJJD LGHDOQ\D
PXODLGDULSHUDQJNDWEHUJHUDNKLQJJD3&GHVNWRSGDQ
XQWXN PDLQDQ DQDN XPXU  WDKXQ KDUXV
ELVD EHNHUMD GHQJDQ EDLN SDGD 6LVWHP 2SHUDVL $SSOH
PHQDPEDKNDQILWXUEDUX
0DF DWDXSXQ 0LFURVRIW :LQGRZV $XWRGHVN )XVLRQ
 PHPSHUEROHKNDQ SHQJJXQD EHNHUMD EHUVDPD
1.4 Warna yang Disukai Anak
VDPD WHUKDGDS VDWX SURJUDP WXQJJDO PHQDZDUNDQ
3DGD XPXPQ\D VHPXD RUDQJ PHQ\XNDL ZDUQD
NRPHQWDU GDQ PDVXNDQ PHUHND VHQGLUL VHEHOXP
6HODLQ PHQDPEDK NHLQGDKDQ ZDUQD MXJD GDSDW
SUR\HNGLVHOHVDLNDQXQWXNGLFHWDNDWDXGLSURGXNVL
PHQLPEXONDQ SHUDVDDQ VHQDQJ WHUPDVXN DQDN
EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV SXQ PHQ\XNDL EHUDQHND ZDUQD
3HQJHQDODQ ZDUQD EDJL DQDN EHUNHEXWXKDQ NKXVXV 2. Metodologi Penelitian
DGDODK SHQWLQJ NDUHQD ZDUQD DNDQ PHUDQJVDQJ $GDSXQ PHWRGRORJL GDODP SHUDQFDQJDQ SURGXN
NHPDPSXDQ SHUVHSVL DQDN GDQ PHQLQJNDWNDQ PDLQDQPHNDQLNDOmono bike DGDODKVHEDJDLEHULNXW:


'1.3XWUD1HJDUDHWDOx3URVLGLQJ.1(3;±x,661;

 0HQJXPSXONDQ GDWD GDQ LQIRUPDVL JHUDNDQ RE\HN


mono bike VHVXDL\DQJGLUHQFDQDNDQ
 0HQJLGHQWLILNDVL GDQ PHQJHORPSRNNDQ VHWLDS
JHUDNDQRE\HN
 0HQGHVDLQ GDQ PHQJJDPEDU UDQFDQJDQ SURGXN
NRPSRQHQ PHVLQ GDQ PHNDQLVPH SHQJJHUDNQ\D
GHQJDQVRIWZDUH)XVLRQ
 0HQVLPXODVLNDQ JHUDN PHNDQLVPH GDQ RE\HN
PDLQDQGHQJDQVRIWZDUH)XVLRQ
 $SDELOD VLPXODVL NLQHPDWLND VXGDK VHVXDL KDUDSDQ
VHODQMXWQ\D ELVD GLODNXNDQ SURVHV IDEULNDVL VHWLDS
NRPSRQHQGDQPHUDNLWQ\D
3HQJXPSXODQ GDWD PHODOXL REVHUYDVL GLMDODQNDQ
GHQJDQ PHQJDPDWL GDQ PHQFDWDW SROD SHULODNX
RUDQJ RE\HN DWDX NHMDGLDQNHMDGLDQ PHODOXL FDUD
\DQJ VLVWHPDWLN 2EVHUYDVL GLODNXNDQ GHQJDQ .HWHUDQJDQ
PHQJDPDWL EHEHUDSD KDO DQWDUD ODLQ SHULODNX ILVLN WXDVSHPXWDU
SHULODNX PHQJNRQVXPVL SHUXEDKDQ PLPLN DWDX UDXW SLULQJDQSHPXWDU
ZDMDK GDQ REMHN GDULSURGXN NDMLDQ  URGD
OLQN
OLQN
3. Hasil dan Pembahasan
OLQN
 *HUDNDQ 0HNDQLVPH &UDQN GDQ /LQNDJH SDGD OLQN
0DLQDQ 0HNDQLNDO 6HSHGD 5RGD 7XQJJDO Mono ERGL
Bike  OLQN
%HUVHSHGD URGD GXD PHUXSDNDQ DNWLYLWDV \DQJ OLQN
ELDVD GLODNXNDQ RUDQJ QDPXQ EHUVHSHGD URGD VDWX SHQ\DQJJD
KDQ\D GLODNXNDQ ROHK RUDQJ \DQJ DKOL PLVDOQ\D SDGD
VLUNXV 0DLQDQ PHNDQLNDO \DQJ PHQLUXNDQ JHUDNDQ *DPEDU0HNDQLVPH Crank GDQ Linkage SDGD
EHUVHSHGDURGDVDWXWHUOLKDWSDGD*DPEDUEHULNXW 6HSHGD5RGD7XQJJDO Mono bike 

'DUL JDPEDU  ELVD GLMHODVNDQ JHUDNDQ PDLQDQ


PHNDQLNDO 6HSHGD 5RGD 7XQJJDO *DPEDU GHWDLO
VHEHODK NDQDQ PHQMHODVNDQ JHUDNDQ PHNDQLVPH NDNL
NLUL\DQJVHGDQJPHQJD\XKPRQRELNH3DGDVDDWWXDV
SHPXWDU GLSXWDU VDWX SXWDUDQ R  DNDQ
PHQJJHUDNNDQ SLULQJDQ SHPXWDU .DUHQD NHGXDQ\D
PHPLOLNL GLDPHWHU \DQJ VDPD SLULQJDQ SHPXWDU
PHQJJHUDNNDQ URGD VDWX SXWDUDQ R  GHQJDQ DUDK
EHUODZDQDQ *HUDNDQ WHUVHEXW GDSDW WHUMDGL NDUHQD
DGDQ\DJD\DJHVHNDQWDUDSLULQJDQSHPXWDUGDQURGD
3DGD VDDW URGD EHUSXWDU R PDND OLQN  DNDQ
EHUSXWDUR/LQNGDQURGDGLVDPEXQJNDQGHQJDQ
VDPEXQJDQfix./LQNGDQOLQNGLKXEXQJNDQGHQJDQ
VDPEXQJDQ pin. Link  EHUJHUDN URWDVL \DQJ DNDQ
*DPEDU0DLQDQ0HNDQLNDO0HQLUXNDQ*HUDNDQ PHQJJHUDNNDQ OLQN  \DQJ EHUJHUDN URWDVL GDQ
6HSHGD5RGD7XQJJDO Mono bike  WUDQVODVL /LQN  GDQ OLQN  GLKXEXQJNDQ GHQJDQ
VDPEXQJDQ SLQ /LQN  PHQJJHUDNNDQ OLQN  \DQJ
*DPEDU  PHPSHUOLKDWNDQ PDLQDQ PHNDQLNDO EHUJHUDNURWDVLGDQWUDQVODVL
PHQLUXNDQ JHUDNDQ EHUVHSHGD URGD VDWX \DQJ
GLUDQFDQJ $GD  PDFDP PHNDQLVPH XWDPD SDGD 'HPLNLDQ MXJD GHQJDQ OLQN  GDQ OLQN  \DQJ
SURGXNWHUVHEXW\DLWXcrank HQJNRO GDQlinkage \DQJ GLKXEXQJNDQ GHQJDQ VDPEXQJDQ SLQ /LQN 
GLMOHODVNDQSDGDJDPEDU. PHQJJHUDNNDQ OLQN  \DQJ MXJD EHUJHUDN URWDVL GDQ
WUDQVODVL 6HGDQJNDQ OLQN  GDQ ERGL GLKXEXQJNDQ
GHQJDQ VDPEXQJDQ SLQ \DQJ MXJD GLKXEXQJNDQ
GHQJDQ SHQ\DQJJD /LQN  PHQJHUDNNDQ ERGL VHFDUD
WUDQVODVLVHKLQJJDEHUJHUDNQDLNWXUXQ
'DUL JDPEDU  GHWDLO VHEHODK NLUL PHQMHODVNDQ
JHUDNDQ PHNDQLVPH NDNL NDQDQ \DQJ VHGDQJ
PHQJD\XK PRQR ELNH *HUDNDQ PHNDQLVPH NDNL
NDQDQ VDPD GHQJDQ NDNLNLUL WHWDSL PHPSXQ\DL EHGD
IDVD R +DO LQL GLNDUHQDNDQ OLQN  NLUL GDQ OLQN 
NDQDQPHPSXQ\DLEHGDVXGXWR VHKLQJJDJHUDNDQ


'1.3XWUD1HJDUDHWDOx3URVLGLQJ.1(3;±x,661;

OLQNNLULGDQOLQNNDQDQPHPSXQ\DLEHGD EHUSXWDU PHQ\HEDENDQ NLSDV EHUD\XQ VHEHVDU R


VXGXWRVHSHUWLWHUOLKDWSDGD*DPEDU VHSHUWLGLWXQMXNNDQSDGDJDPEDU

30o

R

*DPEDU%HGD)DVH*HUDNDQ0HNDQLVPH.DNL.LUL
GDQ.DNL.DQDQ

6HGDQJNDQJHUDNDQNLSDVGLMHODVNDQSDGDJDPEDU

*DPEDU6XGXW*HUDNDQ\DQJGLEHQWXN
ROHK.LSDV

%HUGDVDUNDDQDOLVDJHUDNDQGHJDQPHQJJXQDNDQ
)XVLRQVDWXNDOLSXWDUDQSLULQJDQSHPXWDUDNDQ
PHQJJHUDNNDQNLSDVGDODPVDWXVLNOXV

*DPEDU*HUDNDQ%RGL/HQJDQGDQ.LSDVSDGD
6HSHGD5RGD7XQJJDO 0RQRELNH 

*HUDNDQ ERGL WUDQVODVL QDLN WXUXQ GLVHEDENDQ ROHK


JHUDNDQOLQN8QWXNPHQJDUDKNDQJHUDNDQERGLDJDU
GDSDW QDLN WXUXQ PDND GLEHULNDQ SHQ\DQJJD GLPDQD
DQWDUD SHQ\DQJJD GDQ ERGL GLKXEXQJNDQ GHQJDQ SLQ
\DQJ EHUJHUDN WUDQVODVL PHQJLNXWL DOXU SDGD
SHQ\DQJJD 3HQ\DQJJD GLKXEXQJNDQ GHQJDQ OLQN 
GHQJDQ VDPEXQJDQ SLQ /LQN  GHQJDQ OLQN 
GLKXEXQJDQ MXJD GHQJDQ VDPEXQJDQ SLQ /LQN 
GLKXEXQJNDQ IL[ GHQJDQ OHQJDQ 3DGD VDDW ERGL
EHUJHUDN QDLN WXUXQ OLQN  PHQJJHUDNNDQ OLQN  *DPEDU.LSDVSDGD3RVLVL$ZDO
.HPXGLDQ OLQN  PHQJJHUDNNDQ OHQJDQ \DQJ
PHQ\HEDENDQ OHQJDQ EHUSXWDU .DUHQD OHQJDQ *DPEDU  PHQXQMXNNDQ NLSDV SDGD SRVLVL DZDO
GLPDQDSLULQJDQSHPXWDUEHOXPEHUJHUDN3RVLVLNLSDV


'1.3XWUD1HJDUDHWDOx3URVLGLQJ.1(3;±x,661;

VHMDMDUGHQJDQJDULVYHUWLFDODWDXPHPEHQWXNVXGXW R
WHUKDGDS JDULV YHUWLFDO 6HWHODK URGD EHUJHUDN
VHWHQJDK SXWDUDQ SRVLVL NLSDV VHSHUWL GLWXQMXNNDQ
SDGDJDPEDU

*DPEDU.LSDVSDGD3RVLVL$NKLU 6DWX6LNOXV
*HUDNDQ 

4. Simpulan
QJDQ PHQJJXQDNDQ )XVLRQ  DQDOLVD
JHUDNDQ PRGHO PHNDQLVPH &UDQN GDQ /LQNDJH SDGD
PDLQDQPHNDQLNDO0RQR%LNHGDSDWGLVLPXODVLNDQGDQ
WHODK VHVXDL GHQJDQ \DQJ GLUHQFDQDNDQ 6HEHOXP
GLSURGXNVL VHFDUD PDVVDO GLUHNRPHQGDVLNDQ
NRPSRQHQNRPSRQHQ SDGD PDLQDQ PHNDQLNDO
WHUVHEXW XQWXN GLFHWDN WHUOHELK GDKXOX GHQJDQ
PHQJJXQDNDQSULQWHUGLPHQVL

Ucapan Terima Kasih


3DGDNHJLDWDQSHQLOLWLDQLQLSHQXOLVPHQ\DPSDLNDQ
WHULPDNDVLKVHEHVDUEHVDUQ\DNHSDGD
*DPEDU.LSDVSDGD3RVLVL0DNVLPDO0DMX R  ',.7, PHODOXL KLEDK 3HQHOLWLDQ 'RVHQ 3HPXOD
WHUKDGDSJDULVYHUWLNDO  VHKLQJJD SHQXOLV PHPSXQ\DL NHVHPSDWDQ XQWXN
PHQ\XPEDQJNDQSHPLNLUDQQ\D
3DGDVDDWSLULQJDQSHPXWDUEHUSXWDUSDGDSRVLVL 2. 6HNRODK 7LQJJL 7HNQRORJL 5RQJJRODZH &HSX
R VDWXSXWDUDQ NLSDVDNDQNHPEDOLSDGDSRVLVL /DERUDWRULXP .RPSXWHU SDUD VWDI ODERUDQ
VHPXODVHSHUWLGLWXQMXNNDQSDGDJDPEDU WRROPDQ \DQJ WHODK PHPEHULNDQ ZDNWX VHKLQJJD
SHPURJUDPDQGDQRODKGDWDELVDGLODNVDQDNDQ


Daftar Pustaka

>@ 7HGMDVDSXWUD 0D\NH 6 .21$6 ,, $.(6:$5,


3HUDQ %HUPDLQ 'DODP 3HQJDVXKDQ $QDN 8VLD
'LQL (GLWRU <XQLDU 6DVDQWL 0DUDPLV 0
0DUJDULWD 6XUDED\D )DNXOWDV .HGRNWHUDQ
8QLYHUVLWDV $LUODQJJD568' 'U 6RHWRPR 
@

>@ :LERZR '% 6DPXHO +DUGMRQR %6  


3HQJHPEDQJDQ 'HVDLQ 'DQ 0DQXIDNWXU 0DLQDQ
0HNDQLNDO (GXDNWLI 8QWXN 0HQGXNXQJ .HPDMXDQ
,QGXVWUL .UHDWLI  (GLVL 9ROXPH  .XGXV %DGDQ
3HQHUELW8QLYHUVLWDV0XULD.XGXV,6%1



'1.3XWUD1HJDUDHWDOx3URVLGLQJ.1(3;±x,661;

>@ 3DXO %XUWRQ  ³Kinematics and Dynamics of


Planar Machinery´ 3UHQWLFH +DOO ,QF
(QJOHZRRG1HZ<RUN

>@ :LOVRQ &KDUOHV ( HW DO  ³Kinematics and


Dynamics of Machinery´ +DUSHU  5RZ
3XEOLVKHU1HZ<RUN

>@=KX/LIHQJHWDO³Motion-Guided Mechanical Toy


Modeling´0LFURVRIW 5HVHDUFK$VLD

>@ 36,.2/2*, $1$. %(5.(%878+$1 .+8686


oleh Dinie Ratri Desiningrum3VLNRVDLQ

>@ 6\DRGLK (UQDZXODQ   3VLNRORJL


3HUNHPEDQJDQILOHXSLHGX

>@ $QJJL':L$VWXWL1$5$'$-XUQDO'HVDLQ 6HQL


)'6.±80%9ROXPH(GLVL 

>@ 7XPELMR +% 'DWXN0LQDQJNDEDX 6HSXWDU


6HQL7UDGLVLRQDO3DGDQJ665,60653DGDQJ

>@ 'DQXDWPDMD %RQ\  7HUDSL $QDN $XWLV GL


5XPDK-DNDUWD3XVSD6ZDUD

Eva Hertnacahyani Herraprastanti


PHQ\HOHVDLNDQ SHQGLGLNDQ 6 7HNQLN
LQGXVWUL GL ,QVWLWXW 7HNQRORJL  1DVLRQDO
SDGD WDKXQ  3HQGLGLNDQ PDJLVWHU
7HNQLN 0HVLQ GLVHOHVDLNDQ GL
8QLYHUVLWDV 'LSRQHJRUR SDGD WDKXQ
 GHQJDQ DUHD ULVHW WHQWDQJ
SHUDQFDQJDQWHNQLN

6DDWLQLLDEHNHUMDVHEDJDLGRVHQGL-XUXVDQ7HNQLN0HVLQ6HNRODK
7LQJJL7HNQRORJL5RQJJRODZH&HSX%LGDQJSHQHOLWLDQXWDPD\DQJ
GLJHOXWL DGDODK 3HUDQFDQJDQ 7HNQLN GLDQWDUDQ\D $LUIRLO GDQ
0HFKDQLFDO7R\V



You might also like