Multiplication Merged

Mental multiplication of decimals
Maths worksheets from urbrainy.com
Multiply by 10 by moving
each digit one place to the Multiply by 100 by moving
left. each digit two places to
the left.
Multiply by 20 by doubling
and multiplying by 10. Multiply by 50 by
multiplying by 100 and
halving.
Multiply by 1 000 by moving each
digit three places to the left.
Now try multiplying these decimals ‘in your head’’.
Number x 10 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 1000
6.2
3.9
0.75
1.3
0.44
0.099
0.3
12.4
0.65
1.32
5.5
Name: Page 1 © urbrainy.com

the left.
halving.
Number x 10 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 1000
5.8
2.6
0.45
7.6
0.22
0.085
0.9
14.3
0.52
1.45
6.5

the left.
halving.
Number x 10 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 1000
8.3
6.4
0.91
2.7
0.33
0.045
0.1
12.5
0.51
2.45
9.5

Multiplication: number pyramid
Here is a number pyramid.

The number in a box is the product of the two
numbers below it.
Write the missing numbers.
1. 2.
31.5 22.5
4.5 5
2 2
3. 4.
2.4 9
0.6 9 2.25 0.6
5. 6.
21.6 27
9 7.5
6 6


numbers below it.
1. 2.
45.5 12.5
3.5 2.5
2 2
3. 4.
1.6 6
0.4 0.5 1.5 2.1
5. 6.
22.5 94.5
15 4.5
6 6


numbers below it.
1. 2.
5.25 13.75
3.5 5.5
2 2
3. 4.
1 5
0.25 1.3 1.25 3.5
5. 6.
6.48 55.8
5.4 3
6 6

Revise mental multiplication
Did you know that 4 × 3.5 is the same as 3.5 × 4?
How can you show this on a diagram?
Try it and see. Discuss this with your teacher or

parent.
Which of these are true? Put a tick or a cross in the boxes.
1. 4.5 × 3.6 = 3.6 × 4.5 2. 2.8 × 7 = 7 × 2.8 3. 1.7 × 9 = 9 × 1.7
Which of these are true?
4. The answer to 6.3 × 2.4 is greater than 6.3 and greater than 2.4.
5. The answer to 7.4 × 8.8 is bigger than 7.4, but smaller than 8.8.
6. The answer to 19 × 0.6 is smaller than 19.
7. The answer to 0.3 × 82 is smaller than 82.
What happens when you multiply a

number by 1 ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Can you write down the answers to these calculations very quickly?
8. 9.5 × 1 9. 6.7 × 1 10. 1 × 0.6
11. 1 × 0.06 12. 0.3 × 1 × 2
What happens when you divide a

number by 1 ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Name: Page 1
What happens when you

multiply a number by 0 ?
Write down the answers to these questions as quickly as you can.
1. 9.6 × 0 2. 2.6 × 0 3. 0 × 7.5 4. 0.6 × 0
5. 0.07 × 0 × 2.5 6. 9.6 × 3.5 × 8.8 × 4.1 × 0 7. 9.5 × 0 × 0.06
Now here's a tricky one!
What happens if you multiply 8.6 by 7

and then divide the answer by 7 ?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
How quickly can you work out these questions?
8. 8.6 × 1.4 ÷ 1.4 9. 5.4 × 0.7 ÷ 0.7 10. 6.2 × 4.3 ÷ 4.3
Is the same true if we divide first and then multiply?
11. 88 ÷ 1.1 × 1.1 12. 9.6 ÷ 16 × 16 13. 34.17 ÷ 1.7 × 1.7
We can use this idea to check our multiplication answers, like this:
27 × 65 = 1 755. Check by dividing 1 755 by 65: 1 755 ÷ 65 = 27 Yippee!
Work out these questions and check them by dividing.
14. 94 × 27 15. 74 × 35 16. 4.2 × 5 17. 9.6 × 4.3
18. 84 × 56 19. 94 × 12 20. 79 × 40 21. 84 × 32
Name: Page 2
Can you say how you do your calculations?
If I wanted to double 6.7, I would double 6

and then double 0.7. That makes 12 + 1.4,
which is 13.4.
Say how you would do these calculations and then do them:
1. Double 9.4 ………………………………………………………………………………
2. 2.7 times 10 ……………………………………………………………………………
3. 9.6 times 100 ……………………………………………………………………………
4. Multiply 6.5 by 1 …………………………………………………………………………
5. What is the product of 2.5 and 6? ……………………………………………………
6. Is 15 a factor of 75 ? ……………………………………………………………………
7. Is 240 a multiple of 6 ? …………………………………………………………………
8. Eight lots of four point three. …………………………………………………………
9. Double 13.8. ………………………………………………………………………………
10. Find some of the products you can make using these five numbers in pairs:
0.3 2.5 0.04 1.2 0.4 ?
11. Multiply 254 by 9. ……………………………………………………………………
Name: Page 3
Sometimes we can split a number to make it easier to multiply.
For example, 3.6 × 8 is difficult to work out in one go.
Split 3.6 into 3 + 0.6 and we can then do the calculation like this:
3.6 × 8 = (3 + 0.6) × 8 = 3 × 8 + 0.6 × 8

= 24 + 4.8
= 28.8
Try this method to find these products:
1. 3.4 × 2 …………………………………………………………………………………
2. 3.5 × 3 …………………………………………………………………………………
3. 4.2 × 5 …………………………………………………………………………………
4. 9.6 × 4 …………………………………………………………………………………
5. 8.5 × 4 …………………………………………………………………………………
6. 4.6 × 8 …………………………………………………………………………………
Fill in the boxes as quickly as you can:
7. 1.2 × 4 = 8. 15 × 8 = 9. 12 × 2 × 5 =
10. × 3 = 6.9 11. = (1.3 + 1.2) × 4
12. (1.4 × 5) + 6.5 =
Name: Page 4
Revise multiplication: quick questions
Quick Question Sheet
Answer these questions.
You need to be quick

accurate
neat.
1. Which are true? Place a tick or a cross in the boxes.
a) 9.6 × 6.7 = 6.7 × 9.6 b) 1.3 × 7 × 6.7 = 6.7 × 7 × 1.3
c) 23 × (34 + 16) = (23 × 34) + 16
d) 4.7 × 9 = (4 + 0.7) × 9 e) (1.3 × 5) × 10 = 1.3 × (5 × 10)
2. Calculate:
a) 9.7 × 1 b) 1 × 87.6 c) 8.5 × 45.6 × 0 × 5.4
d) 1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5 +1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5
e) (8.6 × 0) + (0 × 4.4) + 3.4
a) 8.6 × 2.3 is greater than 8.6 b) 0 × 8.4 is equal to 8.4
c) 9.6 × 0.6 is less than to 9.6 d) If 4.3 × 6 = 25.8, then 25.8 ÷ 6 = 4.3
e) If 16.38 ÷ 4.2 = 3.9, then 4.2 × 3.9 = 16.38
f) If 32 × 32 = 1 024, then 1 024 ÷ 32 = 32
Name: Page 1

accurate
neat.
1. Fill in the boxes:
a) 1.2 × 5 = b) 23 × 7 = c) 5× = 125
d) 8 × 2.4 = e) 10 × 4.7 = f) 16 × = 48
g) 4 × 23 + = 108 h) 50 + ( × 2) = 55
2. Using written methods answer the following questions. Use the squares below to show any
working out.
a) 23.7 × 95 = b) × = 0.4
c) × 100 = 6.56 d) 45 × = 4.5
Name: Page 2
Quick Question Sheet

accurate
neat.
a) 0.6 × 8 = 8 + 0.6 b) (23 × 52) + 9 = 23 + (52 × 9)
c) (1 × 9) × 5.8 = 12 × (9 × 5) d) 8.9 × 6 = (8 + 0.9) × 6
e) (8.4 × 5.6) × 0 = 8.4 × (0 × 5.6)
2. Calculate:
a) 4.56 × 1 b) 1 × 0.03 c) 0 × 9.4 × 5.6 × 0.03
d) 2.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 +2.5 e) (0 × 8.6) + (6.7 × 0) + 4.5
a) 0.5 × 26 is greater than 2 b) 0 + 0.03 is equal to 0.03
c) 9.9 × 1 is greater than 9.9 d) If 76 × 22 = 1 672, then 1 672 ÷ 22 = 76
e) If 6.5 ÷ 0.5 = 13, then 13 × 6.5 = 0.5
f) If 8.5 × 8.5 = 72.25, then 72.25 ÷ 8.5 = 8.5
Name: Page 3

accurate
neat.
1. Fill in the boxes:
a) 1.4 × 3 = b) 4.4 × 4 = c) 32 × = 320
d) 4.5 × 8 = e) 6 × 1.5 = f) 12 × = 120
g) 55 × 4 + = 234 h) 58 + ( × 4) = 60
2. Using written methods answer the following questions. Use the squares below to show any
working out.
a) 45.7 × 7.5 = b) × = 24.8
c) × 327 = 8 502 d) 8× = 18.4
Name: Page 4
6301 Revise multiplication and square numbers Page 1
© mathsphere.co.uk Worksheets provided by URBrainy.com
Knowing your tables is Yes, very, very, very Extremely important,

very, very important. important!!!!!!! in fact.
Take this opportunity to see which table facts you know really well.
Fill in all the table facts you know without straining your brain.
× 9 2 5 1 10 6 3 7 4 8
4
8
1
10
5
2
9
6
3
7
Now write down all the ones you are not sure about and ask someone to test you
until you know them all.
Here are some questions about the

table square.
How quickly can you answer them?
1.
a. How many eights are there in 40 ?
b. How many sixes are there in 24 ?
c. How many fives are there in 35 ?
d. How many fours are there in 36 ?
e. How many threes are there in 33 ?
f. How many fives are there in 45 ?
g. How many sevens are there in 56 ?
2. You should learn the squares of all the numbers up to 13. Try these:
a. 02 = b. 12 = c. 22 = d. 32 = e. 42 = f. 52 =
g. 62 = h. 72 = i. 82 = j. 92 = k. 102 = l. 112 =
m. 122 = n. 132 =
3. Use the square numbers that you know to work out these:
Eg. 302 = 30 × 30 = 3 × 3 × 10 × 10
= 9 × 100 = 900
Amazing, really!
a. 202 = b. 502 = c. 302 = d. 402 = e. 702 = f. 602 =

g. 102 = h. 802 = i. 902 = j. 1002 =
Here are some more questions

about the table square.
How quickly can you answer them?
1.
a. How many sixes are there in 36 ?
b. How many threes are there in 27 ?
c. How many sevens are there in 42 ?
d. How many twos are there in 18 ?
e. How many fours are there in 28 ?
f. How many eights are there in 48 ?
g. How many fives are there in 45 ?
2. You should learn the squares of all the numbers up to 13. Try these:
a. 62 = b. 132 = c. 12 = d. 42 = e. 112 = f. 52 =
g. 72 = h. 02 = i. 92 = j. 22 = k. 32 = l. 122 =
m. 82 = n. 102 =
3. Use the square numbers that you know to work out these:
Eg. 402 = 40 × 40 = 4 × 4 × 10 × 10
= 16 × 100 = 1 600
Amazing, really!
a. 702 = b. 402 = c. 902 = d. 202 = e. 302 = f. 802 =

g. 602 = h. 502 = i. 1002 = j. 102 =
Here are some questions about the table square. Answer them as quickly and
accurately as possible. Can you beat your friends and still get them all right?
1.
a. What are nine sevens? b. How many sixes are there in 18 ?
c. What is eight times seven? d. What is five multiplied by nine?
e. What are three sixes? f. What is 48 divided by 8 ?
g. What is 7 multiplied by 5? h. How many fours are there in 28 ?
i. How many sixes are there in 60 ? j. Multiply 9 by 5.
2.
a. What are eight fours? b. How many fives are there in 35 ?
c. What is seven times seven? d. What is 7 multiplied by 8?
e. What are six nines? f. What is 32 divided by 8 ?
g. What is 9 multiplied by 7? h. How many 3s are there in 27 ?
i. How many eights are there in 72 ? j. Multiply 8 by 8.
Here are some harder questions.

You will have to
think hard to answer
these!
3.
a. What is 0.9 multiplied by 6? b. What is 0.6 × 7 ?
c. Multiply 0.4 by 0.7 d. What is 8 multiplied by 0.7 ?
e. Divide 3.2 by 8 f. Divide 63 by 9
g. What is 1/10 of 480 ? h. What is 440 shared between 8 ?
i. Divide 4 into 72 j. Multiply 0.7 by 3.
4.
a. What is 72 ? b. What is the square root of 144 ?
c. What is 132 ? d. What is the square root of 121 ?
e. What is half the square root of 64 ? f. What is 82 ?
g. What is the square root of 81 ? h. What is 102 ?
i. What is 122 ? j. What is 92 ?
Perform mental calculations
Write the correct symbol in each box to

make the statements true.
You need good metal skills for these!
> = <
1. 11 x 12 13 x 10 2. 23 x 10 12 x 20
3. 13 x4 12 x 5 4. 40 x 40 80 x 20
5. 80 x 70 200 x 30 6. 400 x 12 150 x 30
Now try these. Think

about the brackets!
7. 2 (30 + 40) 12 (2 + 11) 8. 150 x 30 400 x 12
9. 5 (33 + 33) 11 (15 + 15) 10. 250 x 30 600 x 12
2
11. 5 + 42 3 2 + 62 12. 9
2
+ 22 3 2 + 82
13. 8
2
− 22 9 2 − 32 14. 7
2
− 62 6 2 − 52
2
15. 2 x 102 3 2 x 52 16. 1
2
x 82 4 2 x 22

Perform mental calculations
Write the correct symbol in each box to

make the statements true.
You need good metal skills for these!
> = <
1. 9 x 12 11 x 11 2. 36 x 10 12 x 30
3. 13 x7 15 x 6 4. 70 x 40 60 x 50
5. 90 x 70 150 x 40 6. 120 x 50 500 x 12
Now try these. Think

about the brackets!
7. 2 (40 + 50) 12 (2 + 13) 8. 140 x 30 410 x 10
9. 5 (27 + 33) 11 (15 + 12) 10. 250 x 40 900 x 12
2
11. 3 + 52 2 2 + 62 12. 8
2
+ 42 5 2 + 72
13. 9
2
− 42 8 2 − 12 14. 7
2
− 42 8 2 − 52
2
15. 2 x 102 5 2 x 32 16. 1
2
x 92 2 2 x 62

Revise doubling and halving
If we want to double a number such

as 243, we can double the 200,
double the 40 and then double the 3.
1. Try doubling these numbers using this idea:
a. 136 ……. b. 335 ……. c. 241 ……. d. 443 …….
e. 164 ……. f. 216 ……. g. 315 ……. h. 446 …….
2. Try doubling these more difficult numbers using this idea:
a. 456 ……. b. 375 ……. c. 286 ……. d. 394 …….
e. 428 ……. f. 417 ……. g. 318 ……. h. 572 …….
We can do the same thing with halving.

Half of 952 is:
half of 900 add half of 50 add half of 2.
= 450 + 25 + 1 = 476
3. Try halving these numbers using this idea:
a. 884 ……. b. 432 ……. c. 186 ……. d. 428 …….
e. 248 ……. f. 520 ……. g. 734 ……. h. 282 …….
4. Try halving these more difficult numbers using this idea:
a. 678 ……. b. 962 ……. c. 898 ……. d. 638 …….
e. 744 ……. f. 980 ……. g. 456 ……. h. 586 …….
5. Using these ideas, see how quickly you can work out these little beauties!
a. 359 × 2 ……. b. 256 × 2 ……. c. 948 ÷ 2 ……. d. 373 × 2 …….
e. 874 ÷ 2 ……. f. 634 ÷ 2 ……. g. 623 × 2 ……. h. 365 × 2 …….
Name: Page 1
Don't forget, if we want to double a number

such as 176, we can double the 100, double
the 70 and then double the 6.
1. Try doubling these numbers using this idea:
a. 361 ……. b. 246 ……. c. 153 ……. d. 437 …….
e. 355 ……. f. 247 ……. g. 332 ……. h. 428 …….
2. Try doubling these more difficult numbers using this idea:
a. 468 ……. b. 385 ……. c. 464 ……. d. 428 …….
e. 376 ……. f. 468 ……. g. 499 ……. h. 587 …….
We can do the same thing with halving.

Half of 896 is:
half of 800 add half of 90 add half of 6.
= 400 + 45 + 3 = 448
3. Try halving these numbers using this idea:
a. 846 ……. b. 654 ……. c. 374 ……. d. 468 …….
e. 856 ……. f. 276 ……. g. 862 ……. h. 264 …….
4. Try halving these more difficult numbers using this idea:
a. 946 ……. b. 752 ……. c. 998 ……. d. 634 …….
e. 796 ……. f. 498 ……. g. 776 ……. h. 954 …….
5. Using these ideas, see how quickly you can work out these little beauties!
a. 254 × 2 ……. b. 643 × 2 ……. c. 356 ÷ 2 ……. d. 725 × 2 …….
e. 958 ÷ 2 ……. f. 676 ÷ 2 ……. g. 778 × 2 ……. h. 586 × 2 …….
Name: Page 2
When we are multiplying by a number ending in 5, we can double this number

and halve the other before multiplying: 84 × 45 is: 42 × 90 = 3780
1. a. 48 × 25 ……. b. 24 × 35 ……. c. 26 × 45 ……. d. 22 × 35 …….
54 × 15 ……. b. 68 × 5 …….
2. a. c. 82 × 35 ……. d. 86 × 25 …….
_______________________________________________________________
If one number in a multiplication is even, we can halve it, multiply and double
the answer.
e.g. 46 × 14. Halve 14 and do the calculation 46 × 7 = 322

Now double the answer 644
3. a. 22 × 31 ……. b. 36 × 17 ……. c. 22 × 24 ……. d. 15 × 18 …….
17 × 16 ……. b. 21 × 24 ……. c. 36 × 22 ……. d. 35 × 16 …….

4. a.
_______________________________________________________________
To multiply a number by 15, multiply by 10 and add on half the answer.
e.g. 26 × 15. Work out 26 × 10 = 260

Now add on half the answer. 260 + 130 = 390
5. a. 24 × 15 ……. b. 36 × 15 ……. c. 15 × 66 ……. d. 15 × 42 …….
28 × 15 ……. b. 15 × 38 ……. c. 15 × 35 ……. d. 15 × 83 …….

6. a.
_______________________________________________________________
To multiply a number by 25, multiply by 100 and then divide the answer by 4.
e.g. 84 × 25. Work out 84 × 100 = 8 400

Now divide by 4 the answer. 8 400 ÷ 4 = 2 100
7. a. 24 × 25 ……. b. 36 × 25 ……. c. 64 × 25 …….
d. 25 × 86 ……. e. 32 × 25 …….
8. a. 73 × 25 ……. b. 38 × 25 ……. c. 25 × 46 …….
d. 25 × 25 ……. e. 54 × 25 …….
Name: Page 3
When we are multiplying by a number ending in 5, we can double this number

and halve the other before multiplying: 72 × 35 is: 36 × 70 = 2 520
1. a. 26 × 15 ……. b. 44 × 25 ……. c. 32 × 35 ……. d. 46 × 45 …….
48 × 35 ……. b. 32 × 45 ……. c. 54 × 5 …….

2. a. d. 64 × 15 …….
______________________________________________________________
If one number in a multiplication is even, we can halve it, multiply and double
the answer.
e.g. 27 × 16. Halve 16 and do the calculation 27 × 8 = 216

Now double the answer 432
3. a. 34 × 12 ……. b. 22 × 11 ……. c. 34 × 8 ……. d. 18 × 24 …….
29 × 12 ……. b. 33 × 18 ……. c. 23 × 18 ……. d. 27 × 16 …….

4. a.
_______________________________________________________________
To multiply a number by 15, multiply by 10 and add on half the answer.
e.g. 32 × 15. Work out 32 × 10 = 320

Now add on half the answer. 320 + 160 = 480
5. a. 34 × 15 ……. b. 28 × 15 ……. c. 15 × 54 ……. d. 15 × 32 …….
37 × 15 ……. b. 15 × 19 ……. c. 15 × 23 ……. d. 15 × 75 …….

6. a.
______________________________________________________________
To multiply a number by 25, multiply by 100 and then divide the answer by 4.
e.g. 76 × 25. Work out 76 × 100 = 7 600

Now divide by 4 the answer. 7 600 ÷ 4 = 1 900
7. a. 48 × 25 ……. b. 24 × 25 ……. c. 14 × 25 …….
d. 25 × 12 ……. e. 16 × 25 …….
8. a. 82 × 25 ……. b. 93 × 25 ……. c. 25 × 27 …….
d. 15 × 25 ……. e. 62 × 25 …….
Name: Page 4
More doubling and halving
1. Write down the six times table in the first column.

Tables are
really
important.
1×6=6 1 × 12 = 1 × 24 =
2×6= 2 × 12 = 2 × 24 =
3×6= 3 × 12 = 3 × 24 =
4×6= 4 × 12 = 4 × 24 =
5×6= 5 × 12 = 5 × 24 = I know,
I know!
6×6= 6 × 12 = 6 × 24 =
7×6= 7 × 12 = 7 × 24 =
8×6= 8 × 12 = 8 × 24 =
9×6= 9 × 12 = 9 × 24 =
10 × 6 = 10 × 12 = 10 × 24 =
Now fill in the second and third columns by doubling and doubling again.
2. We can use the doubling method to work out larger calculations.

How far can you go with these patterns?
1 × 31 = 31 1 × 13 = 13
2 × 31 = ……. 2 × 13 = …….
4 × 31 = ……. 4 × 13 = …….
8 × 31 = ……. 8 × 13 = …….
16 × 31 = ……. 16 × 13 = …….
32 × 31 = ……. 32 × 13 = …….
64 × 31 = ……. 64 × 13 = …….
Name: Page 1
1. Write down the nine times table in the first column.

Do you see
how you can
easily work
1×9=9 1 × 18 = 1 × 36 = out harder
2×9= 2 × 18 = 2 × 36 = tables if you
know easier
3×9= 3 × 18 = 3 × 36 = ones?
4×9= 4 × 18 = 4 × 36 =
5×9= 5 × 18 = 5 × 36 =
6×9= 6 × 18 = 6 × 36 =
7×9= 7 × 18 = 7 × 36 =
8×9= 8 × 18 = 8 × 36 =
9×9= 9 × 18 = 9 × 36 =
10 × 9 = 10 × 18 = 10 × 36 =
Now fill in the second and third columns by doubling and doubling again.
2. We can use the doubling method to work out larger calculations.
How far can you go with these patterns?
1 × 23 = 23 1 × 35 = 35
2 × 23 = ……. 2 × 35 = …….
4 × 23 = ……. 4 × 35 = …….
8 × 23 = ……. 8 × 35 = …….
16 × 23 = ……. 16 × 35 = …….
32 × 23 = ……. 32 × 35 = …….
64 × 23 = ……. 64 × 35 = …….
Name: Page 2
1. Look at this table:
1 × 32 = 32
2 × 32 = 64
4 × 32 = 128
8 × 32 = 256
16 × 32 = 512
From this we can work out other multiples of 32.
Now, this is where you

really need to concentrate!
If we want to work out 26 × 32, we should notice that 26 is 16 + 8 + 2.
So, 26 × 32 is (16 × 32) + (8 × 32) + (2 × 32)

Easy as
standing on your
From the table, we can see that: hands - I don't
think!
16 × 32 = 512, 8 × 32 = 256 and 2 × 32 = 64.
So 26 × 32 =512 + 256 + 64 = 832
Now, you try this method with these:
The first has been done for you.
a. 7 × 32 = (4 × 32) + (2 × 32) + (1 × 32) = 128 + 64 + 32 = 224
b. 12 × 32 =
c. 25 × 32 =
d. 30 × 32 =
Name: Page 3
We can find a twelfth of a number by halving

a third of it and halving again.
e.g. A third of 132 is 44.
Half of 44 is 22 Half of 22 is 11
So a twelfth of 132 is 11.
1. Use this method to find a twelfth of these numbers:
a. 156 …… b. 84 …… c. 480 …… d. 2 160 ……
e. 600 …… f. 720 …… g. 4 500 …… h. 168 ……
2. Now use the same method to find a twelfth of these harder numbers:
a. 870 …… b. 648 …… c. 390 …… d. 252 ……
e. 690 …… f. 840 …… g. 216 …… h. 966 ……
We can find a twentieth of a number by

dividing by ten and halving the answer.
e.g. A tenth of 760 is 76.
Half of 76 is 38
So a twentieth of 760 is 38.
3. Use this method to find a twentieth of these numbers:
a. 480 …… b. 340 …… c. 230 …… d. 780 ……
e. 540 …… f. 920 …… g. 380 …… h. 660 ……
4. Now use the same method to find a twentieth of these harder numbers:
a. 370 …… b. 750 …… c. 130 …… d. 590 ……
e. 450 …… f. 870 …… g. 346 …… h. 248 ……
Name: Page 4
More mental multiplication: revision
Multiply mentally
1. 7 x 12 = 2. 8 x 13 =
3. 9 x 14 = 4. 4 x 15 =
5. 6 x 16 = 6. 5 x 17 =
7. 9 x 18 = 8. 8 x 19 =
9. 6 x 21 = 10. 8 x 31 =
11. 7 x 41 = 12. 9 x 51 =
13. 40 x 61 = 14. 30 x 71 =
Name: Page 1
Multiply by 101
Sounds difficult, but you can do it by
multiplying a number by 100 and then
adding on the number.
e.g. 43 x 101 = (43 x 100) + 43 = 4300 + 43 = 4343
Try these:
1. 14 x 101 = ( 14 x 100) + 14 = + 14 =
2. 23 x 101 = ( 23 x 100) + 23 = + 23 =
3. 35 x 101 = ( 35 x 100) + 35 = + 35 =
4. 42 x 101 = ( 42 x 100) + 42 = + 42 =
5. 53 x 101 = ( 53 x 100) + 53 = + 53 =
6. 64 x 101 = ( 64 x 100) + 64 = + 64 =
7. 72 x 101 = ( 72 x 100) + 72 = + 72 =
8. 84 x 101 = ( 84 x 100) + 84 = + 84 =
Name: Page 2
Multiply by 99
How about an ice-cream?
Multiply by 100 and then subtract the
number.
e.g. 15 x 99 = (15 x 100) – 15 = 1500 – 15 = 1485
Try these:
1. 25 x 99 = ( 25 x 100) – 25 = – 25 =
2. 23 x 99 = ( 23 x 100) – 23 = – 23 =
3. 35 x 99 = ( 35 x 100) – 35 = – 35 =
4. 46 x 99 = ( 46 x 100) – 46 = – 46 =
5. 56 x 99 = ( 56 x 100) – 56 = – 56 =
6. 28 x 99 = ( 28 x 100) – 28 = – 28 =
7. 39 x 99 = ( 39 x 100) – 39 = – 39 =
8. 45 x 99 = ( 45 x 100) – 45 = – 45 =
Name: Page 3
Multiply two digits by one
Time yourself on these, working

mentally.
Remember, the quickest way is usually
to multiply the tens digit first.
e.g. 35 x 6 = (30 x 6) + (5 x 6) = 180 + 30 = 210
1. 23 x 9 = 2. 34 x 8 = 3. 42 x7=
4. 56 x 5 = 5. 64 x 4 = 6. 72 x 3 =
7. 86 x 2 = 8. 91 x 9 = 9. 27 x5=
10. 36 x 6 = 11. 45 x 7 = 12. 37 x 8 =
13. 19 x 9 = 14. 23 x 8 = 15. 31 x 7 =
16. 48 x 8 = 17. 56 x 9 = 18. 67 x 2 =
How long did

you take?
19. 77 x 3 = 20. 88 x 4 =
Name: Page 4
Multiply decimals mentally
Multiply whole number and tenths by a single digit
When multiplying numbers like

these it is a good idea to start with
the whole number, or units.
e.g. 2.5 x 5 = (2 x 5) + (0.5 x 5) = 10 + 2.5 = 12.5
1. 2.4 x 3 = 2. 3.3 x 4= 3. 4.6 x 5 =
4. 5.3 x 6 = 5. 6.1 x 7 = 6. 7.5 x 8 =
7. 8.2 x9= 8. 9.2 x 2 = 9. 8.4 x 3 =
10. 7.7 x 4 = 11. 6.4 x5= 12. 5.8 x 6 =
13. 4.4 x 7 = 14. 3.8 x 8 = 15. 2.7 x 9 =
16. 1.6 x 8 = 17. 2.9 x 7 = 18. 3.4 x 6 =
Quite quick,
I hope!
19. 4.3 x 5 = 20. 2.9 x 4 =
Name: Page 1
Multiply decimals mentally
Multiply whole number and tenths by a single digit
Start with the whole number

or units and don’t forget the
decimal point in the answer!
e.g. 3.6 x 5 = (3 x 5) + (0.6 x 5) = 15 + 3 = 18
1. 2.8 x2= 2. 3.4 x 5= 3. 4.7 x 3 =
4. 5.4 x 5 = 5. 6.2 x 6 = 6. 7.4 x 7 =
7. 8.3 x 8 = 8. 9.4 x 9 = 9. 8.7 x 2 =
10. 7.8 x 3 = 11. 6.5 x 4 = 12. 5.9 x 5 =
13. 4.5 x 6 = 14. 3.9 x 7 = 15. 2.5 x 8 =
16. 1.7 x 9 = 17. 3.3 x8= 18. 9.1 x 7 =
Quite quick,
I hope!
19. 5.3 x 5 = 20. 1.9 x 6 =
Name: Page 2
Revise multiplying decimals by 10 and 100
Remember: to multiply by ten move

each digit one place to the left,
including from the tenths to the units
- there will not be any noughts in
some of these answers!!
Complete these written questions:
1. 4.8 x 10 = 2. 9.6 x 10 =
3. 7.2 x 100 = 4. 6.4 x 100 =
5. 8.6 x 10 = 6. 1.3 x 10 =
7. 6.8 x 100 = 8. 3.2 x 100 =
9. 7.4 x = 74 10. 0.5 x = 50
11. 10 x = 7 12. 100 x = 990
13. 10 x = 66 14. 100 x = 720
Name: Page 1
This is where you really must move the

digits one place to the left, including from
the tenths to the units.
Don't just 'add a nought' pleaseeeeee!!
Complete these written questions:
1. 3.4 x 10 = 2. 4.6 x 10 =
3. 5.2 x 100 = 4. 6.7 x 100 =
5. 7.1 x 10 = 6. 8.4 x 10 =
7. 9.3 x 100 = 8. 2.9 x 100 =
9. 3.4 x = 340 10. 4.1 x = 41
11. 10 x = 33 12. 100 x = 126
13. 100 x = 440 14. 100 x = 630
Name: Page 2
Multiplying decimal fractions by 10 and 100
Multiply all these fractions by 10:
1. x 10
1.45 3.78 x 10
2.
2.06 x 10 8.01 x 10
3. 0.55 x 10 0.84 x 10

4. 6.41 x 100 4.80 x 100
5. 8.09 x 100 x 100

2.01
6. 5.56 x 100 9.99 x 100
0.01 x 100 0.05 x 100

7.
Name: Page 3
Multiplying decimal fractions by 10 and 100
1. x 10
2.87 4.18 x 10
2.
7.02 x 10 9.09 x 10
3. 0.17 x 10 0.84 x 10

4. 2.35 x 100 5.37 x 100
5. 1.05 x 100 x 100

6.04
6. 7.55 x 100 8.88 x 100
0.02 x 100 0.08 x 100

7.
Name: Page 4
Identify common multiples
A common multiple is a number that

is a multiple of two or more other
numbers.
Let’s have a look at an example to make it clearer.
The first 5 multiples of 2 are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
Notice that 6 is in both lists, so 6 is a common multiple of 2 and 3. Easy eh!
Now try these:
1a. Write down all the multiples of 3 below the number 30.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1b. Write down all the multiples of 4 below the number 30.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1c. Write down all the common multiples of 3 and 4 below the number 30.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Write down all the common multiples of 6 and 9 below the number 50.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name: Page 1
Remember: a common multiple is a

number that is a multiple of two or
more other numbers.
Let’s have a look at an example to make it clearer.
Notice that 12 is in both lists, so 12 is a common multiple of 3 and 4. Easy eh!
Now try these:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name: Page 2

more other numbers.
Now try these:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2a. Write down all the multiples of 5 between 30 and 80.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2b. Write down all the multiples of 8 between 30 and 80.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2c. Write down all the common multiples of 5 and 8 between 30 and 80.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Write down all the common multiples of 6 and 9 between 20 and 50.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name: Page 3

more other numbers.
Now try these:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Write down all the common multiples of 5 and 6 between 20 and 60.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name: Page 4
More on multiples
1. Choose from the following words to fill in the gaps in the sentences:
multiple, digits, divisible, divisibility, factors
a) The number 45 876 478 has eight ……………………..
b) 3, 5 and 7 are ………………… of 105. Try to learn

these words.
c) 64 is …………………………… by 4.
d) 45 is a …………………………..of 9.
e) ………………………………… is a test to see if one number divides exactly into

another.
2. Choose a number at random. Make a chain of numbers by following this

rule:
If the number is even, halve it.

If the number is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1.
e.g. Choose 20 to start:
20 10 5 16 8 ??????
What happens? Choose other numbers to start with and see what happens.
Which numbers give you very long chains?
3. Here is a formula for even numbers: 2n
This means 2 multiplied by n.

n is a whole number.
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2n 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Even numbers
What do you have to do to convert the even numbers to odd numbers?
Can you write down a formula for odd numbers (Clue - begin with the even number formula!).
Name: Page 1
More on multiples
1. Choose a number at random. Make a chain of numbers by following this rule:
If the number is even, halve it and subtract 1.

If the number is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1.
e.g. Choose 15 to start:
15 46 22 10 4 ??????
What happens? Choose other numbers to start with and see what
happens.
Which numbers give you very long chains?

Which numbers send you round in circles?
Do you get that negative feeling?
Write about what you have discovered.
2. Make a similar rule up yourself involving odd and even numbers.

To avoid getting into fractions do not divide odd numbers by two.
Look for interesting chains.
3. Here is a formula for multiples of three: 3n
This means 3 multiplied by n.

n is a whole number.
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3n 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Multiples of 3.
Can you write formulae and make a table of numbers for each of the following:
a) 4 multiplied by n. b) 3 multiplied by n plus 2
c) 6 multiplied by n. d) 6 multiplied by n plus 7
Name: Page 2
More on multiples
1. a) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 12:
38, 72, 56, 96, 48, 12, 86, 36, 108
b) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 7:
91, 56, 47, 88, 98, 36, 12, 70, 100
c) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 50:
60, 5, 150, 500, 65, 365, 900, 7 000
d) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 18

(Remember 18 = 2 × 9):
36, 180, 900, 60, 45, 348, 120, 76
2. Black and white counters are placed in a repeating pattern like this:
Imagine the pattern goes on for a long way.

What number counters are the last black ones in each group?
Write down the first 10 numbers in this sequence.
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
? 9 18
Can you write down a formula for these numbers?
Name: Page 3
More on multiples
1. a) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 15

(Remember 15 = 3 × 5):
30, 120, 90, 78, 40, 15, 35, 60, 99
b) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 20:
90, 50, 600, 44, 38, 30, 4, 300
c) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 25:
75, 80, 350, 5 000, 23 545, 75, 850
d) Put a ring around the numbers that are multiples of 40

(Remember 40 = 5 × 8):
50, 280, 760, 88, 380, 123, 900, 5 350
2. Black and white counters are placed in a repeating pattern like this:
Imagine the pattern goes on for a long way.

What number counters are the first white ones in each group?
Write down the first 10 numbers in this sequence.
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
? 6 13
Can you write down a formula for these numbers?
Name: Page 4
Revise common multiples
Remember: we get a multiple of a number when we multiply it

by another whole number (not zero).
Common multiples are multiples that are common to two or
more numbers.
Here are some multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36
Here are some multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42
Notice that 12, 24 and 36 appear in both lists. They are common to both 4 and 6 so are
known as common multiples.
1. Circle the numbers below that are common multiples of 2 and 5?
2 5 8 10 15 18 20 25 30 36 40
3 6 9 12 16 18 20 24 30 32 36
8 12 16 24 36 42 48 50 60
6 12 16 18 24 30 40 60 80
5. Write down the first 6 multiples of 3: …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..
Write down the first 6 multiples of 5 …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..
Circle the number which appears in both lists. This is a common multiple of 3 and 5. It is also
the lowest common multiple.
6. What is the lowest common multiple of 4 and 7? ……….

Revise common multiples
Remember: we get a multiple of a number when we multiply it

by another whole number (not zero).
Common multiples are multiples that are common to two or
more numbers.
Here are some multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27
Here are some multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28
Notice that 12 and 24 appear in both lists. They are common to both 3 and 4 so are known
as common multiples.
2 7 11 14 21 28 35 40 42 49 56
3 5 12 15 25 30 33 35 40 60 90
9 12 18 27 36 49 54 108 120
4 12 16 18 24 32 36 40 72
5. Write down the first 6 multiples of 4: …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..
Write down the first 6 multiples of 5 …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..
Circle the number which appears in both lists. This is a common multiple of 4 and 5. It is also
the lowest common multiple.

Use factors
We can use factors to do more

complex multiplications.
Yes! If we want to multiply by 21,

we can multiply by 7 and then by 3.
e.g. 17 × 21 = 17 × 7 × 3
= 119 × 3
= 357
1. Try multiplying these numbers using factors. Use the squares below to help
you when making jottings.
a. 23 × 15 = ………. b. 17 × 18 = ………. c. 38 × 15 = ……….
d. 45 × 27 = ………. e. 28 × 21 = ………. f. 18 × 18 = ……….
g. 34 × 21 = ………. h. 35 ×17 = ……….
2. Try multiplying these more difficult numbers using factors:

(Use the squared paper for jottings.)
a. 49 × 77 = ………. b. 63 × 45 = ………. c. 34 × 18 = ……….
d. 47 × 14 = ………. e. 56 × 35 = ………. f. 63 × 24 = ……….
g. 18 × 16 = ………. h. 35 × 35 = ……….
Name: Page 1
Use factors
We can use factors to do more

complex multiplications.
Yes! If we want to multiply by 24,

we can multiply by 8 and then by 3.
e.g. 26× 24 = 26 × 8 × 3
= 208 × 3
= 624
1. Try multiplying these numbers using factors. Use the squares below to help
you when making jottings.
a. 32 × 15 = ………. b. 17 × 9 = ………. c. 24 × 21 = ……….
d. 23 × 18 = ………. e. 32 × 12 = ………. f. 45 × 12 = ……….
g. 64 × 15 = ………. h. 18 ×18 = ……….
2. Try multiplying these more difficult numbers using factors:

a. 237 × 28 = ………. b. 143 × 15 = ………. c. 524 × 24 = ……….
d. 235 × 21 = ………. e. 432 × 35 = ………. f. 154 × 36 = ……….
g. 452 × 45 = ………. h. 237 × 28 = ……….
Name: Page 2
Use factors
We can do something similar with

division.
If we want to divide by 18, we can divide
by 3 and then divide by 6.
e.g. 270 ÷ 18 = 270 ÷ 3 ÷ 6 = 15
1. Try dividing these numbers using factors:

(Use the squared paper to help.)
a. 360 ÷ 18 = ………. b. 475 ÷ 25 = ………. c. 396 ÷ 18 = ……….
d. 72 ÷ 9 = ………. e. 220 ÷ 20 = ………. f. 84 ÷ 12 = ……….
2. Now try these questions.

a. 120 ÷ 24 = ………. b. 468 ÷ 18 = ………. c. 360 ÷ 18 = ……….
d. 972 ÷ 9 = ………. e. 144 ÷ 24 = ………. f. 78 ÷ 26 = ……….
Name: Page 3
Revise multiples, factors and prime numbers
MULTIPLES
Remember: you can get a MULTIPLE of a whole number by multiplying that number
by another whole number.
The answers to all the 'times tables' are multiples.
e.g. 8, 12, 16, 20 are all MULTIPLES of 4.
12, 18, 24, 30, etc are all MULTIPLES of 6.
1. Write down the first ten multiples of 11. ……………..………………..………………
…………………………………………………………………………..…………………
2. What do you notice? ………………………………………………..………..…………
3. Which of these numbers are multiples of 7? ……………………..……….…………
71, 47, 76, 49, 56
4. Write down the first ten multiples of 20. …………………………..…………………
……………………………………………………………………….……………………
5. What do you notice? Look especially at the tens digit. …………..………………..
6. Which of these numbers are multiples of 9? ………………………..………………
36, 47, 91, 99, 92
7. Write down the first ten multiples of 12. ………………..…………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………
8. What do you notice? Is there a pattern? …………………………..……………….
9. Circle the numbers which are multiples of 6:
25, 46, 56, 66, 76, 86, 90
10. Circle the numbers which are multiples of both 3 and 5?
45, 50, 25, 15, 60, 10, 11
Name: Page 1
FACTORS
Reminder: the factors of a number are those numbers that divide exactly into it,
without leaving a remainder.
e.g. the factors of 20 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10 and 20, because:

1 x 20 = 20 and 2 x 10 = 20 and 4 x 5 = 20
Every number has a factor of 1, because 1 will divide exactly into any whole number.
Every number has itself as a factor, because any whole number will divide into itself exactly
once.
Reminder: how do you find the factors of a number?

Let's try 50:
a. First of all write down 1 and the number itself as factors.

(1, 50)
b. Then see if 2 will divide exactly into the number. The answer is
yes,
2 x 25 = 50 so 2 and 25 are factors.
( 1, 2, 25, 50)
c. Then try 3. No, 3 does not go into 50 exactly.
d. Carry on with each number, 4 next.

No, 4 will not divide exactly into 50.
e. 5 will go into 50 exactly, because 5 x 10 = 50.

So 5 and 10 are both factors of 50.
( 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 )
f. 6, 7 and 8 will not divide exactly into 50.
g. We have reached as far as we need to go, because 8 x 8 = 64

which is more than 50. This means we have covered all possibilities.
The factors of 50 are 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50
In the same way, find the factors of:
1. 49 2. 100 3. 67 4. 44 5. 99
Name: Page 2
FACTORS
Remember, the factors of a number are the numbers that will divide
exactly into it, without a remainder.
If you know your tables you should find this work easy.
Find all the factors of these numbers:
1. 35
2. 21 Let's see, start with

one…..then
3. 57 two….then three….
4. 80
5. 27
6. 48
7. 31
8. 26
9. 71
10. 72
Fill in the missing factors:
11. The factors of 18 are: 1, , 3, 6, 9,
12. The factors of 36 are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 12, 36
13. The factors of 19 are: ,
14. The factors of 55 are: 1, 5, , 55
15. The factors of 81 are: , 3, 9, ,
Name: Page 3
PRIME NUMBERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 10
0
1. Except for the number 2, cross out all the numbers which divide by two.
That is, all the even numbers.
2. Except for the number 3, cross out all the numbers which divide by three.
(Think of your 3 times table! Some have been crossed out already!)
3. Except for the number 5, cross out all the numbers which divide by five.
( Think of your 5 times table! )
4. The next number which is not crossed off is 7. Leave that uncrossed, but go
through the square crossing off any numbers which are a multiple of 7.
( Some are crossed off already!)
5. List all the numbers which have not been crossed off. They are all the
PRIME numbers up to 100. Check you have them correctly written down.
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Try to learn this list of numbers. It will prove to be very useful later on.
Name: Page 4
PRIME NUMBERS
A number which only has factors of 1 and itself is called a PRIME NUMBER.
For example the factors of 7 are 1 and 7. There is no other way of multiplying
two whole numbers to make 7.
So 7 is a prime number.
How to find whether a larger number is prime.
There is a quick way to check whether larger numbers are prime without
dividing all lower numbers into it.
Start by seeing if the first few prime numbers will divide exactly.
These are: 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11.
There is no need to divide by any of the other numbers between one and
eleven. Example:
Is 39 a prime number?
Does 39 divide exactly by 2 ? No, because it is an odd number.

Does 39 divide exactly by 3 ? Yes, 3 x 13 = 39.
39 is not a prime number.
Is 53 a prime number?
Does 53 divide exactly by 2 ? No, because it is an odd number.

Does 53 divide exactly by 3 ? No.
Does 53 divide exactly by 5 ? No, because it does not end in 0 or 5.
Does 53 divide exactly by 7 ? No.
There is no need to go any further because 8 x 8 is 64, which is more than 53.
53 is a prime number.
1. In the same way as above check the numbers between 50 and 100 to see
which are prime. Write them down.
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Name: Page 5
Problems
1. Mrs Green has 30 children in her class. She is very keen that she has groups
of equal sizes, but she does not mind how big or small the groups are. List all
the possible group sizes that she could have.
2. Mr. Hardman is the PE teacher. He hates taking class 5T because there are
29 children in this class. Explain why he might not like taking this class for a
football lesson.
3. A PERFECT NUMBER is a number where all the factors of the number

(apart from itself!) add up to the same total as the number itself.
6 is a perfect number because the factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3 and 6

1 + 2 + 3 = 6
There is only one other perfect number between 10 and 30. Can you
find it?
4. Mr and Mrs Posh are holding a magnificent wedding reception for their
daughter, Pru. They have invited 40 guests. All the tables must be the same
size and have the same number of guests on them. List the possible
combinations that they could have for their guests. For instance they could
have one huge table with all 40 guests on it.
5. Which numbers in the box below are prime?
12 21 31 55 61 81
6. The number 496 is PERFECT. Find all the factors of 496 and see if this
statement is true. Use a calculator to help you.
7. A piece of paper has an area of 24 sq cm. If the sides are an exact number of
cm., what possible lengths could the paper be?
Name: Page 6
Square numbers
SQUARE NUMBERS
You should already know the square numbers up to 100.

Reminder: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100
Below is a tables chart from 10 x 10 up to 20 x 20.
You may not have seen one of these before, but it works just like the normal
tables chart from 1 to 10.
Begin by shading the answer to 10 x 10.

Now shade 11 x 11 and then 12 x 12.
Continue up to 20 x 20. The first two have been shaded for you.
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
10 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
11 110 121 132 143 154 165 176 187 198 209 220
12 120 132 144 156 168 180 192 204 216 228 240
13 130 143 156 169 182 195 208 221 234 247 260
14 140 154 168 182 196 210 224 238 252 266 280
15 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300
16 160 176 192 208 224 240 256 272 288 304 320
17 170 187 204 221 238 255 272 289 306 323 340
18 180 198 216 234 252 270 288 306 324 342 360
19 190 209 228 247 266 285 304 323 342 361 380
20 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400
1. Write down all the numbers that you have shaded.
2. What do you notice about the pattern that you have shaded?
These numbers are all square numbers.

They are made by multiplying a whole number by itself.
Write down the answers to these calculations:
3. 13 x 13 = 4. 15 x 15 = 5. 17 x 17 = 6. 19 x 19 =
7. 12 x 12 = 8. 14 x 14 = 9. 16 x 16 = 10. 18 x 18 =
All the answers above are square numbers.
Name: Page 1
Square numbers
SQUARE NUMBERS
The square of 10 is 100 102 = 100
The square of 11 is 121 112 = 121
In the same way, fill in the gaps in these statements:
1. The square of 15 is 152 = 225
2. The square of is 100 102 = 100
3. The square of 13 is 132 =
4. The square of 8 is = 64
5. The square of 20 is 202 =
Square roots
If the square of 5 is 25 then the square root of 25 is 5.
The sign for square root is so 49 is 7
If the square of 4 is 16 then the square root of 16 is 4 so 16 = 4
Try to answer these questions:
6. What is the square root of 36 ?

Square
7. 81 = roots
are
8. What is the square root of 121 ? easy
9. 225 =
10. The square root of 400 is
Name: Page 2
Square numbers
SQUARE NUMBERS
Try to learn the set of square numbers up to 20 squared.
Start with the first 10 square numbers. They are:
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100
Then try and learn the next five square numbers. They are:
121, 144, 169, 196, 225
This pattern or sequence of numbers keeps coming up in maths. Make sure that
you can recognise it as square numbers.
You should also be able to say what the square roots of these numbers are.
However, with larger numbers it is more difficult to recognise square roots, but it
is quite simple to use a calculator.
Most calculators have a square root button. ( )
To find the square root of a number, just type in the number and then press the
square root sign. You do not even have to press the equals sign.
Using a calculator find the square roots of these numbers:
(Before you use the calculator, make a prediction!)
Number Predicted square Square root

root
1. 400
2. 900
3. 3 600
4. 4 900
5. 12 100
6. 10 000
7. 361
8. 625
Name: Page 3
Square numbers
SQUARE NUMBERS
List the first ten ODD NUMBERS as shown below:
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19.
Add the first two odd numbers together: 1 + 3 = 4
Write out a chart like the one below and fill in the answers as shown:
1+3= 4 2x2=4 22 = 4
1+3+5= 9 3x3=9 32 = 9
1+3+5+7= 42
1+ 52
1+ 62
1+ 72
1+ 82
1. What patterns do you notice? Describe them in words.
2. Which of the numbers below are square numbers?
24 2 400 25 50 81
3. Which of the numbers below has a whole number square root?

(ie the square root is a whole number, with no decimal or remainder)
6 9 8 12 25 88
5. If the square of 4 is added to the square root of 25 what is the answer?
7. What is three squared plus four squared ? ( Clue: it is not seven squared!)
Name: Page 4
Prime factors and roots (inc. calculator work)
Prime factors
The prime factors of a number are the factors which are also prime
numbers.
Reminder: 1 is not usually thought of as a prime number so the first few prime
numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11
How to find the prime factors of a number eg 30:
Start by seeing if the number is divisible by two.

If the number is not divisible by two then test for 3, then 5 and then 7, going
through all the prime numbers, until only prime numbers are left.
Draw a 'factor tree' like the one below to show the divisions:
30
15 2
5 3 2
The prime factors of 30 are 2 x 3 x 5 = 30
Often the prime factors of a number will include the same factor several times,
especially 2.
1. Fill in the gaps in this factor tree of 60
60
30 2
15 2
3 2 2
The prime factors of 60 are 2, 2, 3, and 5, because 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 60
Find the prime factors of these numbers:
2. 26 3. 50 4. 16 5. 27 6. 40
Name: Page 1
Prime factors
Draw factor trees to find the prime factors of the following numbers. You might
find isometric paper helpful to draw out the diagrams:
1. 24 2. 55 3. 30 4. 28 5. 81
Trial and improvement using a calculator
Example: Use trial and improvement methods to find two consecutive numbers
which, when multiplied together, come to 1 260.
Set it out like this:
Try 1 24 x 25 = 600 too small

Try 2 38 x 39 = 1 482 too large
Try 3 34 x 35 = 1 190 too small, but close
Try 4 35 x 36 = 1 260 spot on!!!
Use trial and improvement methods to find two consecutive numbers which,
when multiplied together, come to:
6. 210 7. 7 482 8. 2 070 9. 306 10. 9 702
Square, cube numbers and square roots using a calculator
Find the value of:
11. 43 12. 73 13. 153 14. 33 15. 113
These numbers are equal to the sum of two square numbers

e.g. 34 = 32 + 52
Find the two square numbers for each of these:
16. 181 17. 113 18. 104 19. 221 20. 145
Find the square root of these numbers, rounding to the nearest tenth:
21. 37 22. 17 23. 79 24. 60 25. 11
Name: Page 2
Prime factors
Draw factor trees to find the prime factors of the following numbers. You might
find isometric paper helpful to draw out the diagrams:
1. 42 2. 66 3. 70 4. 82 5. 28
Trial and improvement using a calculator
Example: Use trial and improvement methods to find three consecutive

numbers which, when multiplied together, come to 13 800.
Set it out like this:
Try 1 15 x 16 x 17 = 4 080 too small

Try 2 20 x 21 x 22 = 9 240 still too small
Try 3 31 x 32 x 33 = 32 736 too big
Try 4 24 x 25 x 26 = 15 600 too big, but close
Try 5 23 x 24 x 25 = 13 800 brilliant!!
Use trial and improvement methods to find three consecutive numbers which,
when multiplied together, come to:
6. 720 7. 74 046 8. 1 320 9. 140 556 10. 24
Square, cube numbers and square roots using a calculator
Find the value of:
11. 83 12. 133 13. 553 14. 213 15. 423
These numbers are equal to the sum of two square numbers

e.g. 34 = 32 + 52
Find the two square numbers for each of these;
16. 346 17. 293 18. 58 19. 169 20. 5
Find the square root of these numbers, rounding to the nearest tenth:
21. 57 22. 93 23. 101 24. 500 25. 200
Name: Page 3
6314 Square and cube numbers Page 1
Square numbers
Example: 32 + 42 = (3 x 3) + (4 x 4) = 9 + 16 = 25
This is pronounced 'three squared plus four squared'.
The square of the number must be worked out first, then the two answers
added.
Try these:
1. 32 + 52 = 2. 42 + 62 = 3. 72 + 72 =
4. 62 - 42 = 5. 102 - 72 = 6. 92 - 22 =
7. Which of the numbers in the box below are square numbers?
169 200 1 000 2025 18 9
8. What is the square root of 169?
Some numbers are equal to the sum of two square numbers.

For example 34 = 32 + 52
Find the two square numbers which make up these totals:
9. 74
Let's see, 5 x 5 is 25,
10. 85 that leaves 49……..
I think I might have
11. 45 cracked this!
12. 181
13. 52
14. 113
15. 40
The cube of a number
Above is a 3 x 3 x 3 cube.
Altogether there are 27 cubes, because 3 x 3 x 3 = 27
3 x 3 x 3 can be written 33 for short. We say ' three cubed'.
1. How do you say 53 ? Write the words down.
2. How do you say 73 ? Write the words down.
The cube of the number 5 is 53 which equals 5 x 5 x 5 which is 125.
(Note the cube sign does not mean multiply by three!)
The cube of 6 equals 6 x 6 x 6
In the same way write down what these mean ( do not work out the answer ):
3. the cube of 8
4. the cube of 4
5. the cube of 10
6. the cube of 9
The cube of a number
Work out the answers to these numbers:
1. 23 Now, 23 means
2 x 2 x 2 so ……
2. 33
3. 43
4. 13
5. 53
6. 103
You may have noticed that cube numbers start getting pretty big, pretty
quickly.
Often you will use a calculator to work out cubes.
Example; to find 53 you can press 5 x 5 x 5 =

( even quicker, you can press 5 x = = on some calculators or
5 x x = = on other calculators)
Find which way your calculator works and then work out, using the calculator
these numbers:
7. the cube of 11 8. 93 9. the cube of 13 10. 63
Some scientific calculators might have a key xy

In this case x is the number and y is the cube so, to find 73 press
7 xy 3 = and 343 should display. Good luck!!

Multiplication Merged

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Multiplication Merged

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Multiplication Merged

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mental multiplication of decimals

Maths worksheets from urbrainy.com

Now try multiplying these decimals ‘in your head’’.

Number x 10 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 1000

Name: Page 1 © urbrainy.com

Now try multiplying these decimals ‘in your head’’.

Number x 10 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 1000

Name: Page 2 © urbrainy.com

Now try multiplying these decimals ‘in your head’’.

Number x 10 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 1000

Name: Page 3 © urbrainy.com

Here is a number pyramid.

0.6 9 2.25 0.6

Name: Page 1 © urbrainy.com

Here is a number pyramid.

0.4 0.5 1.5 2.1

Name: Page 2 © urbrainy.com

Here is a number pyramid.

0.25 1.3 1.25 3.5

Name: Page 3 © urbrainy.com

Did you know that 4 × 3.5 is the same as 3.5 × 4?

How can you show this on a diagram?

Try it and see. Discuss this with your teacher or

Which of these are true? Put a tick or a cross in the boxes.

1. 4.5 × 3.6 = 3.6 × 4.5 2. 2.8 × 7 = 7 × 2.8 3. 1.7 × 9 = 9 × 1.7

Which of these are true?

6. The answer to 19 × 0.6 is smaller than 19.

7. The answer to 0.3 × 82 is smaller than 82.

What happens when you multiply a

8. 9.5 × 1 9. 6.7 × 1 10. 1 × 0.6

11. 1 × 0.06 12. 0.3 × 1 × 2

What happens when you divide a

What happens when you

Write down the answers to these questions as quickly as you can.

1. 9.6 × 0 2. 2.6 × 0 3. 0 × 7.5 4. 0.6 × 0

5. 0.07 × 0 × 2.5 6. 9.6 × 3.5 × 8.8 × 4.1 × 0 7. 9.5 × 0 × 0.06

Now here's a tricky one!

What happens if you multiply 8.6 by 7

How quickly can you work out these questions?

Is the same true if we divide first and then multiply?

11. 88 ÷ 1.1 × 1.1 12. 9.6 ÷ 16 × 16 13. 34.17 ÷ 1.7 × 1.7

27 × 65 = 1 755. Check by dividing 1 755 by 65: 1 755 ÷ 65 = 27 Yippee!

Work out these questions and check them by dividing.

14. 94 × 27 15. 74 × 35 16. 4.2 × 5 17. 9.6 × 4.3

18. 84 × 56 19. 94 × 12 20. 79 × 40 21. 84 × 32

Can you say how you do your calculations?

If I wanted to double 6.7, I would double 6

Say how you would do these calculations and then do them:

1. Double 9.4 ………………………………………………………………………………

2. 2.7 times 10 ……………………………………………………………………………

3. 9.6 times 100 ……………………………………………………………………………

4. Multiply 6.5 by 1 …………………………………………………………………………

5. What is the product of 2.5 and 6? ……………………………………………………

7. Is 240 a multiple of 6 ? …………………………………………………………………

8. Eight lots of four point three. …………………………………………………………

9. Double 13.8. ………………………………………………………………………………

11. Multiply 254 by 9. ……………………………………………………………………

Sometimes we can split a number to make it easier to multiply.

For example, 3.6 × 8 is difficult to work out in one go.