4ºESO

GENETICS
Page 212
LIVING BEINGS ARE DIFFERENT FROM EACH OTHER
ALSO WITHIN THE SAME SPECIE…..
WITHIN THE SAME FAMILY…..
WITHIN THE SAME FAMILY….
SOMETIMES IT IS NOT THAT CLEAR….
SOME CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE INHERITED
GENETICS:The study of

inherited characteristics

and the way they are passed on,

from one generation to another.

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS?
HOW? GAMETES PRODUCTION 🡪 FERTILISATION
GAMETES PRODUCTION
GAMETES PRODUCTION

MEIOSI
S
GAMETES PRODUCTION

PAGE
216-217
THE CELL DIVISION TRIVIAL
Paper 1: Every team has to design 3
questions in a trivial style, four options
only one is right.
(You can use the book 216-217)

Paper 2: Write down the correct answer.

Every paper: Team number and names.

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS?

Freckles
INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS?

Aquiline nose
INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS?

Ability to roll tongue in a U shape

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS?

Cleft chin
INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS?

Widow's peak
GENEALOGIC TREE (FOR THRUSDAY)
KEY CONCEPTS
Homologous chromosomes

Gene

Dominant/Recessive

Alleles

Homozygous/Heterozygous

Genotype/Phenotype
A gene is a segment
of DNA that encodes
a characteristic or a
function.
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES:
Two sets of chromosomes:
one maternal
and
one paternal 
With the genetic information for
the same genes or
characteristics
(having/not having freckles).
Paternal
Maternal
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES:
Two sets of chromosomes:
one maternal
and
one paternal 
With the information of the
Eye colorsame genes.
 An allele is one of the possible
versions of a gene
(characteristic):

A or a

An individual inherits two alleles

for each gene, one paternal and
one maternal.
If the two alleles are the same,
the individual is homozygous
for that gene:
AA

If the alleles are different, the

individual is heterozygous:
Aa
An allele is
dominant if it is
allways noticed
when it is present.
An allele is recessive
when it is only noticed
in homocygous,
not in heterocygous.
GENOTYPE: aa
(alleles)

PHENOTYPE: White
flower
(Characteristic)
 Achondroplasia
(Acondroplasia)
Abnormal bones growth
Two people affected by achondroplasia
had two children, one affected and one
not affected.
Is achondroplasia a dominant or a
recessive characteristic? Why? What
are the genotypes of the parents?
Dos acondroplásicos tuvieron un hijo
acondroplásico y después un hijo
normal.
¿Es la acondroplasia un carácter
dominante o recesivo? ¿Por qué?
¿Cuáles son los genotipos de los padres?
Page 221, activity 1 🡪 READ 220
 SEX
DETERMINATION
r r R
XY XX
If a non color blind man and
a color blind woman have a
non color blind daughter,
can they have a color blind
daughter also? Why?
READ Page 225, activity 3

Genetic Worksheet
PROJECTS FOR THIS UNIT:
A) A pedigree of your family based on two characteristic
(3 generations at least), including the genotype and
phenotype of every member.

B) karyotype (IRIA)

C) An Oral presentation about:

- A sex-linked disease or characteristic
- An autosomic disease
- AB0 Blood groups Inheritance
- Down Syndrome
- Holandric Inheritance
- Mosaicism
- Dihybrid inheritance
In groups of 4 people, everyone has to speak.
Minimum 8 minutes, maximum 16.
Explain the cause, effects and transmission.