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Hazardous Waste Characteristics
Hazardous Waste Characteristics
Solid waste is classified as hazardous if it meets at least one of these two conditions set by EPA:
- it exhibits certain hazardous characteristics;
- it is included on a specific list of wastes EPA has determined are hazardous;
This document presents the characteristics that will assist in identifying hazardous waste. The
document examines only characteristic wastes.
Characteristic waste is considered hazardous based on specific properties of the material. The four
basic properties that can define a characteristic waste are ignitability (D001), corrosivity (D002),
reactivity (D003), and toxicity (D004 – D043).
1. Ignatibility
Ignitable wastes can create fires under certain conditions, are spontaneously
combustible, or have a flash point less than 60 °C (140 °F).
Ignitable compressed gases: hydrogen, acetylene, butane, methane, propane, spray-paint cans.
2. Corrosivity
Corrosive wastes are acids or bases (pH less than or equal to 2, or greater than
or equal to 12.5) and/or are capable of corroding metal containers, such as
storage tanks, drums, and barrels.
Corrosive aqueous liquids: hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, sulfuric
acid, perchloric acid, potassium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution.
3. Reactivity
Reactive wastes are unstable under "normal" conditions. They can cause
explosions, undergo violent reactions, generate toxic fumes, gases, or vapors or
explosive mixtures when heated, compressed, or mixed with water.
Waste containing the following metals or inorganics above specific limits: antimony, arsenic,
barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel,
selenium, silver, thallium, vanadium, zinc, asbestos, fluorides.
Waste containing the following organic constituents above constituent-specific limits: benzene,
carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, chloroform, cresols, 1,2-dichloroethane, methyl ethyl ketone,
nitrobenzene, pyridine, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, PCBs.
Created By:
Resources:
http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/wasteid/char/hw-char.pdf
http://www2.lbl.gov/ehs/waste/wm_pub_3092_ch1.shtml