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  • Assessment Normal Findings Deviations From Normal Hypoactive

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    Eula Angelica Oco
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    Bowel sounds are normally audible and indicate intestinal activity. Hypoactive or reduced sounds suggest slowed motility, while hyperactive sounds indicate increased motility such as after eating. True absence of sounds indicates cessation of intestinal movement. Vascular sounds are normally absent over the abdomen. Bruits may indicate partial obstruction of major arteries like the aorta. Abdominal rubs are rare but suggest an irregular organ surface from a mass, abscess, or infarction.

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    Bowel sounds are normally audible and indicate intestinal activity. Hypoactive or reduced sounds suggest slowed motility, while hyperactive sounds indicate increased motility such as after eating. True absence of sounds indicates cessation of intestinal movement. Vascular sounds are normally absent over the abdomen. Bruits may indicate partial obstruction of major arteries like the aorta. Abdominal rubs are rare but suggest an irregular organ surface from a mass, abscess, or infarction.

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    22 views2 pages

    Assessment Normal Findings Deviations From Normal Hypoactive

    Uploaded by

    Eula Angelica Oco
    Bowel sounds are normally audible and indicate intestinal activity. Hypoactive or reduced sounds suggest slowed motility, while hyperactive sounds indicate increased motility such as after eating. True absence of sounds indicates cessation of intestinal movement. Vascular sounds are normally absent over the abdomen. Bruits may indicate partial obstruction of major arteries like the aorta. Abdominal rubs are rare but suggest an irregular organ surface from a mass, abscess, or infarction.

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    Assessment Normal Findings Deviations from Normal

    Auscultate the abdomen for bowel sounds, vascular sounds, and peritoneal friction rubs.
    Hypoactive

    Hypoactive or reduced bowel


    sounds often indicate that
    intestinal activity has been
    slowed down motility and are
    usually associated with
    manipulation of the bowel
    during surgery, inflammation,
    paralytic ileus, or late bowel
    obstruction.
    Hyperactive
    FOR BOWEL SOUNDS Audible bowel sounds
    Hyperactive bowel sounds
    indicate increased intestinal
    motility and are usually
    associated with after eating,
    diarrhea, an early bowel
    obstruction, or the use of
    laxatives. With diarrhea,
    muscle movements, fluid,
    and gas in the intestines
    increase.
    True absence of sounds
    indicates cessation of
    intestinal motility
    FOR VASCULAR SOUNDS Absence of arterial bruits Loud bruit over aortic area
    Bruit over renal or iliac
    arteries

    Bruits are blowing vascular


    sounds resembling heart
    murmurs that are perceived
    over partially occluded blood
    vessels. When detected over
    the carotid arteries, a bruit
    may indicate an increased
    risk of stroke; when
    produced by the abdomen, it
    may indicate partial
    obstruction of the aorta or
    other major arteries such as
    the renal, iliac, or femoral
    arteries. (Britannica, n).

    Friction rub

    Abdominal rubs are rare, but


    may be found over the liver
    or spleen. A rub implies that
    the surface of the organ is
    irregular and usually is due to
    involvement by tumor,
    abscess, or infarction. More
    rarely, an inflammatory intra-
    abdominal mass may have an
    associated rub caused by
    irritation of the adjacent
    abdominal wall (Ferguson, n).

    Britannica, (n). Physical examination. Retrieved from


    https://www.britannica.com/science/diagnosis/Physical-examination#ref260713
    Ferguson C., (n). Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation, and Percussion of the Abdomen. In:
    Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory
    Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 93. Retrieved from
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK420/

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