Tapered Roller Bearings

http://www.timken.com/products/bearings/fundamen/calculate.asp
Roller bearings Thrust
Haevier Heavy loads +
Fr, no Fa misalignment

For limited space Both Fr and Fa; heavier loads

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Tapered Roller Bearings – Basic facts

 The main components are:

1. Cup (outer ring)
2. Cone (inner ring)
3. Tapered rollers
4. Cage (Space–retainer)

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 Basic principle of tapered
roller bearings: The
extension of the raceways
and roller tapered surface
meet at a common apex on
the axis of rotation.
 Even in the absence of
external thrust load, the
radial load will induce an
axial thrust within the
bearing because of the
taper.

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 The induced thrust load assuming a load zone that includes 
half of the rollers within an angle of 180° is estimated by
0.47 Fr
Fa (180)  Eq. 11-15
K

K is a geometry specific factor

Note: Bearing selection involves iteration!

You should select a starting value of K (for the first iteration)

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 Rated speed Rated life Rated life
(Hrs) (Revolutions)
SKF Varies Varies 106
recognized Timken S = 500 rpm L = 3000 hrs 90106
bearing
McGill S = 33 1/3 rpm L = 500 hrs 106
companies
Fafnir S = 33 1/3 rpm L = 1500 hrs 3106

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Bearing load – Timken Bearings
Recall the general relation for the bearing dynamic load

Timken uses 2-parameter Weibull model with:

x0 = 0, q = 4.48, and b = 3/2;
Thus, the reliability factor becomes
a1  4.48 1  RD 
2/ 3

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P  XFr  YFa Eq. (40) (See Table 11-6)
This gives the same equations given by
Timken using the the K- factor defined as

K  0.389 cot  Eq. 41

K is based on a g =180° load zone ; half of the rollers are loaded.

smaller K- factor indicates steeper bearing cup angles.

 is half of the included cup angle. K = 1.5 for radial bearings and
0.75 for steep angle bearings. The K- factor is used to determine
the loading P. Once a bearing has been selected, its K factor is
found from the table and checked to see if the actual value
would satisfy design requirement.
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 Selection of Timken Bearing
Step 1. Determine the design bearing life, L10 using available
data. For new equipment, the life should be based on a similar
successful machine.
Step 2. Determine the applied loads in the machine that will
affect bearing loading. This is accomplished by using static
equations of equilibrium.
Step 3. Calculate the bearing radial load Fr and thrust load Fa.
Step 4. Check the thrust condition, determine the overall
thrust load, and then determine the dynamic equivalent radial
load P. This is the load that is equivalent in its effect on the
bearing to the actual combination of acting radial and thrust
loads.
Step 5. Determine the required basic dynamic radial load
rating C10 (catalogue rating).
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Step 6. Select the bearing from the bearing tables having a basic
dynamic radial load rating approximately equal to the calculated
required dynamic radial load rating. The bearing should satisfy
other constraints such as inside diameter, outside diameter,
width, etc.
Step 7. using the basic dynamic radial load rating and K-factor for
the selected bearing, calculate the L10 rating life. Check this
calculated life against the design life as a final check to
determine suitability of the bearing initially selected.

Note: Doubling the load reduces life to approximately 1/10.

Reduce load by one half increases life approximately 10 times.
Doubling speed reduces life by one half.

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A is the squeezed bearing

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Example 11-8

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Bearing Reliability R in terms of C10
Once a bearing has been selected and its C10 is determined, the
resulting reliability may be determined. To this end recall Eq. 12
for C
 ND 
1a
ND Eq. 12
C10  a f Fe ,  xD
  
1a
N R x0  q  x0 1  RD  NR
1b

1a
   C10 
a
C10  xD  xD
   

a f Fe  x0  q  x0 1  RD 1 b
  

 a f Fe  
x0  q  x0 1  RD 
1b

xD  a f Fe C10   x0
a a
 a f Fe 
  x0  q  x0 1  RD   1  R  
1b 1b
xD 
 C10  q  x0 
 x a F C   x  a b

 R  1  D f e 10 0
 Eq. 42 (11-19)


q  x0  

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For Roller bearings with 2-parameter Weibul distribution (x0 =
0, q = 4.48, b = 3/2)
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 x a P C   
32
10 3

R  1  D f 10
  1  xD 

 
10 3 
 
 4.448 C10  a f P 
4.448
  

Accounting for operating conditions yields

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 
R  1  
xD
Eq. 43 (11-21)

 
10 3 

 4.48 fT f v C10  a f P  

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