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(Notes) - Nutrition Tools, Standard, & Guidelines
(Notes) - Nutrition Tools, Standard, & Guidelines
(Notes) - Nutrition Tools, Standard, & Guidelines
I. NUTRITION TOOLS
• Used to assess nutritional quality of diet
• Evaluates food consumption
• Assesses whether patient follows the diet instructions
• Used for nutrient analysis; serves as an input to nutrition education
strategies to improve intake
• Types
§ Food Guides & Food Groups
§ Dietary Standards & Guidelines
§ Food Composition Tables
§ Food Exchange Lists
§ Nutrition Labeling
A. FOOD GUIDES
• Translate quantitative nutritional requirements into simple, Figure 1. The Food Pyramid
practical, and non-technical language
§ Uses available and common food in a country
Pinggang Pinoy
§ Food is available and common in the community
• Food containing high levels of certain nutrients are grouped • Visual tool to help Filipinos adopt healthy eating habits
together • Delivers effective dietary and healthy lifestyle messages
• Serving portions are made easy to understand • Unlike food pyramid, changes depending on the age group and
• Not definite or constant – may change or be revised from time to special population
time in light of new knowledge and changes in consumption data § Kids (3-12 yrs)
• Used in planning nutritious diets for the masses or for special § Teens (13-18 yrs)
groups (e.g., pregnant, lactating, young adults, infants) § Adults (19-59 yrs)
§ Elderly (60 and above)
§ Pregnant & Lactating Women
Food Pyramid
• Qualitative tool
• Assesses nutritional adequacy of daily diet
• Dietary Diversity: Principle of eating a variety of food everyday in
proper amounts of servings
• Fats, Oils, Salts, Sweets – Eat Less
§ Take up the least volume and bulk
§ Should only be consumed in small amounts to prevent
developing non-communicable diseases (e.g. hypertension)
• Meat, Eggs, and Dairy – Eat Moderately
§ Should be consumed in moderation
§ Occupies a smaller area than carbohydrate-rich food Figure 2. Pinggang Pinoy. Scan the QR Code to visit the FNRI website for
§ Must not be eaten more than carbohydrates Pinggang Pinoy or visit this link:
§ Proteins must be spared for body-building and must not be https://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php/tools-and-standard/pinggang-
used immediately as energy source pinoy/94-pinggang-pinoy/190-pinggang-pinoy
• Fruits and Vegetables – Eat More
§ Provides a wide variety of macro- and micronutrients
• Grains and Cereals – Eat Most
B. FOOD GROUPS
§ Represents bulk of the Filipino Diet • When talking about food in general, these groups are called food
§ Contributes to 55-70% of total energy needs groups
§ Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy • When talking about nutrition, these are called classifications
§ Should be eaten the most to ensure adequacy of energy to according to function
function normally throughout the day • Energy-giving (Go)
• Body building (Grow)
• Regulatory (Glow)
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NUR NUTRITION TOOLS, STANDARDS, & GUIDELINES
C203 ELENITA S. VALDEZ, RN, MAN
• Within one group, food items may be exchanged with another NOTE: This lecture notes was created for Jose Rizal University BS
provided that specific serving portion is followed Nursing students enrolled in the NUR C203 course for S.Y. 2020-2021.
• Intended, but not limited to, planning diabetic diets and weight Sharing and reproduction of this material with other individuals is not
management allowed unless officially authorized by Mrs. Valdez.
• Food included are simple and only those that are needed
• Used as a quick method to calculate protein, carbohydrates, fats,
and calories for any given meal or diet
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