9

Science
Quarter 4 – Module 1:
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
Science – Grade 9
Quarter 4 – Module 1: Uniformly Accelerated Motion
First Edition, 2021

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 9

Science
Quarter 4 – Module 1:
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

ii
 Let Us Learn

A wonderful day to you little scientist! When you were in Grade 7, you
learned to differentiate between distance and displacement, and solved for
speed and velocity of objects. Consequently, you computed for the
acceleration of a moving object when the magnitude of its velocity changes.
In this module, you will learn the concept of uniformly accelerated
motion.

Specifically, you are expected to:

• Define uniformly accelerated motion.
• Solve problems on uniformly accelerated motion.

Let Us Try!

Choose the letter of the BEST answer. Write your answers in a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is the best definition of uniform acceleration?

“Uniform acceleration is _________.”
A. the constant motion of an object along a straight horizontal path.
B. a type of motion where an object is moving with uniform velocity.
C. when an object’s velocity changes by an equal amount per unit
time.
D. When an object is in a stationary position.

2. Below are tabular records of various objects’ speeds at specified time

intervals. Which of the following tables correctly represents uniform
acceleration?
A. Time, t (s) 0 1 2 3
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 2 4 6

B. Time, t (s) 0 5 7 15
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 25 25 25

C. Time, t (s) 0 10 20 30
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 15 15 0

D. Time, t (s) 0 20 40 60
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 2 8 16

1
3. A car changes its speed from 5 m/s to 10 m/s in 1 s. What is its
acceleration?
A. 2 m/s2 C. 10 m/s2
B. 5 m/s 2 D. 50 m/s2
4. The figure below shows the position vs. time graph of an object. The
velocity of the object at t=3s is:
Velocity, v (m/s)

Time, t (s)
A. 3 m/s C. - 1.5 m/s
B. 4 m/s D. - 0.75 m/s

5. A snapshot of three racing motorcycles is shown in the diagram

below. All three motorcycles started the race at the same time, at the
same place and moved along a straight track. Which of the following
motorcycle/s underwent acceleration?

Source of motorcycle image from http://www.supercoloring.com

A. I only C. I and III
B. II and III D. I, II, and III

2
 Let Us Study

Uniformly Accelerated Motion: Horizontal Dimension

In real life situations, an object does not always move at constant

velocity. An object that increases or decreases its velocity or changes its
direction of motion is said to be accelerated. Acceleration is the rate at which
velocity changes. It is a vector quantity which has both magnitude and
direction.
In symbols;
"𝒗⃗𝒇 − 𝒗
"⃗𝒊
"⃗ =
𝒂
𝒕
where:
"𝒂⃗ = acceleration expressed in meter per second squared (m/s2 )
t = time expressed in second (s)
"𝒗⃗𝒇 = final velocity expressed in meter per second (m/s )
"𝒗⃗𝒊 = initial velocity expressed in meter per second (m/s)

When can we say that an object is in uniform acceleration? If a body

changes its velocity at a constant rate along a straight line in each equal time
interval, then we can say it is accelerating uniformly. The moving body speeds
up or slows down at a constant rate. Look at Figure 1 below. How would you
describe motion of the car in Figure 1?
The car is moving faster as it increases its velocity at every time interval.
Its velocity changes by the same amount. It shows that the car is moving at a
constant or uniform acceleration.

t1=1s t2=2s t3=3s

"𝒗⃗𝟏 = 5m/s "⃗𝟐 = 10m/s

𝒗 "⃗𝟑 = 15m/s
𝒗
Figure 1. A car traveling in a straight path

3
 Notice that the car’s velocity increases at increments of 5 m/s for every
second of travel. If we continue recording the car’s motion up to the sixth
second, we shall have the following data.
A. B.
Table 1. Velocity of the Graph of velocity against time
car at various times
Time, t (s) Velocity, 𝑣⃗
(m/s)
0 0

Velocity, 𝑣⃗ (m/s)
1 5
2 10
3 15
4 20
5 25
6 30

Time, t (s)
Figure 2 A. Table 1. Velocity of the car at various times
B. Graph of velocity against time
Starting from rest, the car gained a speed of 5m/s after 1 second. After
2 seconds, its velocity became 10 m/s; after another second, its velocity is
15m/s, and so on. It shows that in every second the velocity of the car
increases 5 m/s. Since the resulting graph is a straight line, it represents
direct proportion relation between velocity and time. A straight-line graph of
velocity against time represents a uniform or constant acceleration.

There is a set of equations that can be used to describe objects that are
either moving with constant velocity (where acceleration is 0), or constant
acceleration. These are the Kinematics Equations:

A. 𝑣⃗& = 𝑣⃗' + 𝑎⃗𝑡

(
B. 𝑑⃗ = 𝑣⃗' 𝑡 + ) 𝑎⃗𝑡 )

C. 𝑣⃗&) = 𝑣⃗') + 2𝑎⃗𝑑⃗

*+⃗ -*
+⃗
D. 𝑑⃗ = / !) " 0 𝑡

If the body starts from rest, where 𝑣⃗' = 0. Then,

E. 𝑣⃗& = 𝑎⃗𝑡
(
F. 𝑑⃗ = ) 𝑎⃗𝑡 )

G. 𝑣⃗&) = 2𝑎⃗𝑑⃗

4
where:
𝑑⃗ = displacement (m) 𝑎⃗ = acceleration (m/s2)
𝑣⃗' = initial velocity (m/s) t = time (s)
𝑣⃗& = final velocity (m/s)

Let us try:
Sample Problem 1: Starting from rest, a motorcycle has an average
acceleration of 5 m/s2 for 20 seconds until it reaches the school. How far
has it traveled during this time?

A. Identify the given:

d=?

t= 20 s a= 5 m/s2 vi = 0 (from rest)

B. Select the appropriate equation: Acceleration, time, and initial velocity

are given, and displacement is unknown. We are going to use equation F since
it started from rest so 𝝂 "⃗𝒊 = 0.
𝟏 +𝒂⃗𝒕𝟐
𝒅= 𝒂 "⃗𝒕𝟐 or we may rewrite this as "𝒅⃗ =
𝟐 𝟐

C. Substitute and Solve:

Solution:
!"⃗$ !
𝑑⃗ = %

"
&'#! ( (%+,)! (20s)2 = multiply 20 by itself = 400 s2 then
=
% cancel out s2
"
' !(.++ , ! )
= # multiply 5 m by 400 = 2,000 m
%

),111 3
= ) Divide 2,000 m by 2 = 1000 m

""⃗
𝒅 = 1,000 m Enclose your final answer in a box

The motorcycle would have traveled 1,000 meters (1km) within 40

seconds if the rider increased the speed of the motorcycle at a constant rate
of 5m/s every second. Now 1 km of travel in less than a minute is pretty fast
if you ask me! Quick conversion puts this speed at 90 km/h which is well
above the speed limits in our city. Drive safely! "
%
$
#

5
Sample Problem 2: A car is initially cruising along a straight horizontal
highway at 20 m/s when the driver stepped on the accelerator and the car
gained an acceleration of 6m/s2 and covers a distance of 100 m. Determine
its final velocity.

A. Identify the given:

d= 100m

vi = 20 m/s a= 6 m/s2 vf = ?

B. Select the appropriate equation:

Eq. C. 𝑣⃗&) = 𝑣⃗') + 2𝑎⃗𝑑⃗ or 𝑣⃗& = 3𝑣⃗') + 2𝑎⃗𝑑⃗

C. Substitute and Solve:

Solution:

𝑣⃗& = 3𝑣⃗') + 2𝑎⃗𝑑⃗

= 3(20 𝑚⁄𝑠)) + 2 /6 𝑚;𝑠 ) 0 (100 𝑚)

)
= 3/400 𝑚 ;𝑠 ) 0

)
= 31600 𝑚 ;𝑠 )

"⃗𝒇 = 40 m/s
𝒗

When the car has travelled 100 m, it would have gained an

instantaneous velocity of 40 m/s. Bear in mind, however, that we do not
know how much time it took to cover this displacement. Try solving for the
time using one of the Kinematics Equations in the previous page.

6
Uniformly Accelerated Motion: Vertical Dimension (Free Fall)

Figure 3. Coconut Tree

Coconut tree image Adapted from freepik.com,
Retrieved from https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/hand-drawn-coconut-tree-vector_3912913.htm

Motion also happens vertically. Let us take for instance matured

coconuts which fall from the tree. In the figure above, which of the two objects
will fall faster? The big coconut or the small coconut? Will both objects reach
the ground at the same time? The coconuts in this case are free-falling bodies,
and we call their motion “free fall”. Free fall is the motion of an object where
the only force acting on it is gravity and where air resistance and friction are
ignored. It is an example of Uniformly Accelerated Motion that takes place
in vertical direction where the speed of the body that falls freely from rest
increases uniformly. Why? It is because of the force of gravity that acts on the
object while in motion. Galileo performed careful experiments on the motion
of the falling bodies and proved that both heavy and light objects fall at the
same rate in the absence of air resistance. A feather and a coin that are placed
in a vacuum chamber (without air) fell side by side at the same speed. With
the presence of air, the feather falls at a slower rate.

With Air In Vacuum

feather

feather
coin
coin

Figure 4 Comparison of free fall of feather and coin

Adapted from MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS IN DISPELLING SOME COMMON
MISUNDERSTANDINGS AND INCREASING THE CLARITY OF PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS TAUGHT
AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL, Retrieved http://www.aessweb.com/journals/5052

7
 When a body falls freely from rest, vi = 0, its speed increases uniformly
due to the force of gravity. Acceleration due to gravity, represented by the
symbol g, is a constant value near the Earth’s surface. g = - 9.8m/s2. Note
that the value of g is negative since its direction is downward (towards the
center of the Earth).
Examine figure 5 below. When a ball falls freely from rest it reaches a
speed of 9.8 m/s after 1 second; in 2 seconds its speed is 19.6 m/s; in 3
seconds of fall its speed is 29.4 m/s. It shows that the velocity changes at a
uniform rate of 9.8 m/s every second. The longer the time of fall, the greater
its final speed when it hits the ground.

Vi= 0 t= 0s Time 1s 2s 3s

Acceleration, 𝑎⃗
t= 1s - 9.8 - 9.8 - 9.8
(m/s2)

Velocity, 𝑣⃗
t= 2s - 9.8 - 19.6 - 29.4
(m/s)

Distance, d
4.9 19.6 44.1
(m)
t= 3s

Figure 5. speed and distance of free-falling body

Another example of free-fall is an object thrown upward. Things that

are thrown upward always fall at a constant acceleration which is directed
downward because of the Earth’s gravity. Figure 6 shows a ball; as it moves
up it decelerates with a magnitude of 9.8 m/s2 until it momentarily stops
when it reaches its maximum height and starts to fall. Its final speed will be
equal to the speed at which it was thrown but opposite in direction. As the
ball moves upward gravity pulls the ball towards the center of the earth so
the magnitude of velocity decreases as it goes up.

g 𝑣⃗
g 𝑣⃗

Figure 6. Direction of velocity and acceleration of a ball thrown up in the air.

Acceleration due to gravity is always constant and downward,
but the direction and magnitude of velocity changes.

8
The free fall motion can be described by the same Kinematic equations found
in page 6; however, since the acceleration is caused by gravitational force, the
notation 𝒂"⃗ will be replaced by g:

A. 𝑣⃗& = 𝑣⃗' + 𝑔𝑡 where:

vf = final velocity (in 𝑚/𝑠)
(
B. 𝑑⃗4 = 𝑣⃗' 𝑡 + ) 𝑔𝑡 ) dy = vertical displacement (in 𝑚)

%/⃗$
C. 𝑡 = & g = acceleration due to gravity
0
(-9.8 𝑚; ) ) or (-10 𝑚; ) )
𝑠 𝑠
D. 𝑣⃗&) = 𝑣⃗') + 2𝑔⃗𝑑⃗4 t = time (in 𝑠)

For easier analysis of motion, we will use -10.0m/s2 as value of

acceleration due to gravity, g.

Sample Problem1: A stone dropped from a cliff takes 2.0s to hit the ground.
How high is the cliff?

A. Identify the given:

g = -10 m/s2
t = 2.0 s
𝑑⃗y = unknown

B. Select the appropriate equation to solve the problem:

( 𝟏
𝑑⃗4 = 𝑣⃗' 𝑡 + ) 𝑔𝑡 ) but since 𝑣⃗' = 0 we may rewrite as "𝒅⃗𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒈𝒕𝟐

C. Substitute and Solve:

"𝒅⃗𝒚 = 𝟏 𝒈𝒕𝟐
𝟐
= ) /−10 𝑚;𝑠 ) 0 (2.0 𝑠))
(

= ) /−10 𝑚;𝑠 ) 0 (4.0 𝑠 ) )

(

(
= ) (−40 𝑚)

"⃗𝒚 = -20 m
𝒅
The negative sign denotes direction. This means that after 2
seconds, the ball has fallen 20 meters toward the center of the Earth
(which means downward).

9
Sample Problem 2: A flowerpot falls from the top of a 100-m tall apartment
building. How long will it take to reach the ground?

A. Identify the given:

𝑑⃗4 = -100 m

g = -10.0 m/s2

t=?

B. Select the appropriate equation to solve the problem:

%/⃗$
𝑡 = & 0
This is equation C in p.10 and is derived from equation B.

C. Substitute and Solve:

%/⃗$
𝑡 = & = √20 𝑠 )
0

!(#$%% ')
= # 𝒕 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟕 𝒔
# $% '* !
)

#!%% '
= #
#$% '* !
)

Let Us Practice
Activity 1: Catch Me If You Can

Direction: Study the illustration and answer the following questions.

A. A boy threw a ball straight up in the air with an initial velocity of 50 m/s.
It reached its maximum height after 5 seconds.

g = -9.8 𝑚/𝑠 ' 𝑣⃗% = 0

𝑣⃗& = 50 m/s
vi = 50m/s
t = 5s
vi =
50m/
Source of image http://www.brainkart.com/article/Equations-of-motion-under-gravity
s
10
1. What is the acceleration of the ball after 1 s? ___________
2. What is the acceleration of the ball at its maximum height? _____________
3. What is the velocity of the ball at the top of its path? _____________
4. If the ball is thrown with an initial velocity of 50 m/s, what is the final
velocity of the ball at a point at the same level as when it was thrown? _____
5. What is the acceleration of the ball 10 seconds after being thrown up? __
6. If the ball took 5 s to reach its maximum height, how long will the ball go
back to where it was initially launched?
(Adapted from EASE Module 9 Going Places)

Keep in mind that acceleration in Free Fall is constant. The velocity of the
object upward is the same magnitude downward. The only difference is the
direction. The time it takes to reach the maximum height is the same time
as it falls back.

Let Us Practice More

Activity 2: I Can Make It

A. Direction: Read the following carefully and identify if it is Uniformly

Accelerated Motion. Put a happy face if it is an example of Uniformly
Accelerated Motion and sad face if it is not.

1. A bicycle accelerates from rest. _______

2. A rolling sardines can on the ramp. _________
3. Ball pen fall on the floor from the armchair. ______
4. A motorcycle at rest. ___________

B. Direction: Fill in the blank with the correct answer. Use the choices in
the table.
-9.8 m/s2 velocity 9.8 m/s
air 0 m/s 1.0 sec

The acceleration of a freely-falling body near the earth’s center is

(5)___________. This means that in each second the downward (6)__________of
the falling bodies increases at (7)_________ as long as (8)___________ resistance
is neglected.

11
C. Solve the following problems.
9. A car has an initial velocity of 7.0m/s. If it accelerates at a constant
rate of 2.0m/s2 for a period of 5 s, what is its velocity at the end of 5
seconds?
10. A marble is dropped from a 5-m high hanging cabinet. How long does
it take for the marble to hit the ground? (use g = -10 m/s2)

You did it! That was a challenging task, but you never lost hope and
determine to find ways to solve the problem.

Let Us Remember

• Uniform acceleration is a motion in which the velocity of an object

changes by an equal amount in every time interval.
• Free-fall is a motion in which the gravity is the only force act on the
object without the influence of air resistance.
• Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration of a free-falling object
directed towards the center of the earth with a magnitude of g =
9.8m/s2.

Let Us Assess

Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The figure below shows the position versus time graph of an object.
What is the velocity of the object at t = 3s?
"⃗ (m/s)
Velocity, 𝒗

Time, t (s)

12
 A. 3 m/s C. - 1.5 m/s
B. 4 m/s D. - 0.75 m/s

2. Which of the following is the best definition of uniform acceleration?

“Uniform acceleration is _________.”
A. the constant motion of an object along a straight horizontal path.
B. a type of motion where an object is moving with uniform velocity.
C. when an object’s velocity changes by an equal amount per unit
time.
D. When an object is in a stationary position.

3. "⃗ stand for in the kinematics equations?

What does the symbol 𝒅
A. downward C. displacement
B. dimension D. distance

4. Which of the following quantities is expressed with unit of velocity?

A. 10 m/s2 C. 35 m/s
B. 40 m D. 9.8 m/s/s

5. An airplane at rest accelerates down a runway at 5.0m/s2 for 25.0s

until it finally lifts off the ground. What is the initial velocity?
A. 5.0 m/s2 C. -9.8 m/s2
B. 0 m/s D. 25.0 s

6. A snapshot of three racing motorcycles is shown in the diagram

below. All three motorcycles started the race at the same time, at the
same place and moved along a straight track. Which of the following
motorcycle/s underwent acceleration?

Image source http://www.supercoloring.com

A. I C. III
B. II D. All three motorcycles

13
7. Below are tabular records of various objects’ speeds at specified time
intervals. Which of the following tables correctly represents uniform
acceleration?
A. Time, t (s) 0 1 2 3
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 2 4 6

B. Time, t (s) 0 5 7 15
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 25 25 25

C. Time, t (s) 0 10 20 30
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 15 15 0

D. Time, t (s) 0 20 40 60
Speed, vs (m/s) 0 2 8 16

8. A car changes its speed from 5 m/s to 10 m/s in 1 s. What is its

acceleration?
A. 5 m/s2 C. 10 m/s2
B. 50 m/s 2 D. 2 m/s2

9. A piece of paper, notebook and a book fall in the absence of air

resistance. Which is correct about their acceleration?
A. The book has the greatest acceleration among the three objects.
B The notebook has greater acceleration than the paper.
C The piece of paper has the greatest acceleration.
D. The three objects have the same acceleration.

10. A bicycle initially at rest uniformly accelerates at 2.0 m/s2 for 5 s.

Determine the final velocity of the bicycle at the end of five seconds.
A. 1.0 m/s2 C. 100.0 m/s
B. 10.0 m/s D. 10.0 m/s2
11. A ripe guava falls from the tree. Neglecting air resistance, which of the
following statements is true about its motion?
A. the acceleration is increasing C. the acceleration is constant
B. the acceleration is zero D. the velocity is constant

12. A marble falls from the edge of a table. In which position does gravity
acts the strongest on the marble?

Position A
Position B
Position C

A. A C. B and C
B. A and B D. A, B, and C

14
13. Eun throws a ball straight up with an initial velocity of 5 m/s. What is
its velocity at the highest point?
A. -9.8 m/s C. 5 m/s
B. 9.8 m/s D. 0 m/s

14. Which of the following v-t graphs represents uniform acceleration?

A. C.

v v

t t
B. D.
v v

t t

15. What equation will you use to find the final velocity of a cart with an
initial velocity of zero and acceleration of 1.30 m/s2 after 3 seconds.
A. 𝑣⃗% + 𝑣⃗& C. (
⃗𝑑=) ,𝑡 𝑑⃗ = 𝑣⃗' 𝑡 + 𝑎⃗𝑡 )
)
2

B. 𝑣⃗& = 𝑣⃗' + 𝑎⃗𝑡 D. 𝑣⃗&) = 𝑣⃗') + 2𝑎⃗𝑑⃗

Congratulations! You can now move on to another interesting topic in

Science. Keep it up!

Let Us Enhance
Activity 3: I Got You

Read and analyze the following problem. Choose only 1 problem then
illustrate and solve.
(
A. 𝑑⃗ = 𝑣⃗' 𝑡 + ) 𝑎⃗𝑡 ) B. 𝑣⃗&) = 𝑣⃗') + 2𝑔⃗𝑑⃗4
1. A jeepney from rest accelerates uniformly over a time of 2 seconds and
covers a distance of 20 m. Determine the acceleration of the jeepney.

2. A coin rolls from rest down a ramp with an acceleration of 4m/s2. How far
will the coin reach after 3 seconds?

3. A stone fell from a 45-m high cliff and hit the ground. What is the final
velocity with which it hits the ground?

15
 Let Us Reflect

Application of Concepts
To protect life from road accidents, traffic rules and regulations must
be implemented and strictly followed. One of these is the speed limit. In
addition, appropriate distance from the other vehicles on the road must be
observed by motorists. This is to give ample time for the driver to react,
and for the vehicle to safely come to a stop.
Also, there is more than one way to solve problems that involve
uniformly accelerated motion. Identification of the given quantities is
important to find appropriate equation for that problem. In the same
manner, when solving personal problems, we make sure that we have all
the relevant information so we can select the appropriate solution to our
problem. Remember, every problem has its own solution.

16
 17
Let Us Assess Activity 2
A B
1. A
2. C 1. 5. -9.8 m/s2
3. C 2. 6. velocity
4. C
3. 7. 9.8 m/s
5. B
6. D 4. 8. air
7. A 9. 17 m/s
8. A 10. 1 s
9. D
10. B
11. C
12. D
13. D
14. A
15. B
Activity 1 Let Us Try!
1. – 9.8 𝑚#𝑠 ! 1. C
2. – 9.8 𝑚#𝑠 ! 2. A
3. B
3. 0
4. A
4. – 50 m/s
5. D
5. – 9.8 𝑚#𝑠 !
6. 5s
Answer Key
 References

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