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LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS IN SCIENCE 7

Quarter 3: Week 1

Most Essential Learning Competency:

✓ Describe the motion of an object in terms of distance or displacement, speed or velocity,
and acceleration. S7FE-IIIa-1

DESCRIBING MOTION

Motion is the change in position with respect to the reference point. An object is said to be moving
when it has traveled a certain distance or displaced from a point of reference. Describing the point of
reference and its direction will be learned by performing activity 1.

Activity 1: My Road Map

Directions: Below is a road map showing two routes from home to school.

Which route will you choose and why?

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Motion is the change in position for a particular time interval. If a body has changed its position, we
can say that it has moved with respect to its original position. Thus, the original position serves as the
reference point.
An object may be moving with respect to another reference. For example, when you are inside a
bus, you are not moving with respect to the other passengers, but you are moving with respect to the
ground. Motion can be described by measuring the total length of the path travelled by the object, and by
measuring the distance between the initial position and final position of the object.
Example:
A car ran 100 meters from point A to point B, then 50 meters
from point B to point C, and another 100 meters from point C to point
D. See the picture on the side.
To solve the total length of path travelled you can simply add
the length of path from point A to B, B to C and C to D.

Total length of path = length A to B + length B to C + length C to D.

= 100 meters + 50 meters + 100 meters
Total length of path = 250 meters

The length of the entire path that the object travelled is referred to as distance. Based on the
example above, the total length of path is equal to 250 meters. This means that the distance travelled by
the car is equal to 250 meters.
Displacement is the shortest distance between the object’s
initial and final positions as shown in the figure.
To solve the displacement of the car, simply subtract
the final position by the initial position.

Displacement = Final position – Initial position

= 50 meters – 0
Displacement = 50 meters

Distance is a scalar quantity, it has magnitude but no direction while displacement is a vector quantity
that has both magnitude and direction.

Activity 2: My Travel
Directions: Trace the distance and displacement using the figure below and answer the following
questions.

Situation:
You are told to buy some foods in the market. You walked 12 m East from home, 12 m North, 6 m
West, 6 m South, 6 m West, and finally, 8 m North to reach the market.

1. What is your total distance travelled?

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2. Do you have a displacement?
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3. What is your displacement?
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4. How did you determine the distance and
displacement?
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Activity 3: Who Walks Faster?

Directions: Read the text inside the box then answer the questions on the right side to help John and Mary
determine who walks faster. Write your answers in the space provided.

1. Compare how fast John walked

than Mary.
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2. What is the basis of your answer
in number 1?
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Speed and Velocity
Speed is the rate of distance covered at a given time.

We can express speed in terms of miles per hour (mi/h), kilometers per hour (km/h), or meters per second
(m/s).

Examples:

Therefore, John is as fast as Mary. Both have the same speed of 1 meter per second (1 m/s).
When a direction is associated with speed, it refers to the quantity known as velocity. Thus, velocity is a
speed in a given direction.

Since velocity has direction it uses displacement instead of distance.

Figure 7a Figure 7b

As shown in Figure 7a, the total distance from home to school is 3.0 km while the displacement is
2.0 km, East as shown in Figure 7b. Suppose you take 0.5 hour to travel from home to school, use
the information in Figure 7a and 7b to solve for your average speed and velocity.
Average and Instantaneous Speed
Average speed is the total distance travelled divided by the total time of travel.
Instantaneous speed is the speed at an instant in time.
A vehicle has a speedometer that tells you the speed at that instant or at that
moment in time. As the vehicle travels along a busy street, you will notice that the
speedometer may read 30 km/h. It may change speed to 65 km/h as it passes an
open free highway and zero when it stops. During the entire trip, the vehicle travels at
different speed. Speedometer
Average and Instantaneous Velocity
When you ride a vehicle, it is not only the speed that changes but also its direction. A vehicle may
travel North, West, East or South. Average velocity is the total displacement (final position - initial position)
travelled divided by the total time of travel. Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at an instant
time.
Constant Motion
Constant motion refers to an object moving with constant speed or constant velocity. To have a
constant velocity, both speed and direction must be the same.
Example: A car running at a speed of 50 km/h all throughout its travel in a straight line.
Activity 4: Wordy Problem
Directions: Analyze and solve the problem below to develop your skills in problem solving. Write your
solutions in your Science activity notebook.
You decided to have a morning jog to keep your body fit. You jog 100 m East in 150 s, made a
left turn and jog 150 m in 180 s, and finally made another left turn for 100 m in 90 s.

1. Make an illustration to represent the problem.

2. What is your average speed for the entire jog?

3. What is your average velocity for the entire jog?

4. How do you compare the magnitude of the average speed and velocity?

Prepared by
CHERRY MAE R. MAMARIL
Subject Teacher

Source: Science Module 1