Theorists Background Purpose of the theory

Born on August 21, 1919, in Savanah, Georgia, she

studied Bachelor of Science in Nursing in1942 from The purpose of her theory is the
Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. nursing care that advocates the
Received a master’s degree from Harvard University in fostering of efficient and effective
Dorothy 1948. She is also assistant professor of pediatric behavioral functioning in the
Johnson nursing, an associate professor of nursing, and a patient to prevent illness. The
professor of nursing at the University of California in patient is defined as behavioral
Los Angeles. Published conceptualization of system composed of 7 behavioral
“Behavioral System of Model for Nursing” in 1980. She subsystems.
retired in 1978.
She was born on January 30, 1923 in West Point
Lowa, received a diploma in Nursing from St. John’s
The purpose of the theory is that
Hospital School of Nursing in 1945. She received
both the nurse and the client bring
Bachelors of Science in Nursing Education and Master
Imogene important knowledge and
of Science in Nursing from St. Louis University. Studied
King information to the relationship and
with Mildred Montag as her dissertation chair at
that they work together to achieve
Teacher’s college, Columbia University, New York, and
goals.
received her EdD in 1961. She introduced the Theory
of Goal Attainment in 1960.
Myra was inspired by her mother by caring for her
father through his illness that is why she aspired to take
the nursing profession. She attended Cook Country
School of Nursing and married her husband. She
The purpose of the theory was to
received a Master’s Degree in Nursing at University of
provide individualized and
Chicago in 1949. Myra held various leadership
responsive patient care that was
positions in nursing and pursued her Master’s Degree
less focused on medical
from Wayne University in 1962. She then pursued a
Myra Estrin procedures, and more on the
position teaching at the University of Chicago which
Levine individual patient's context. This
she follow the footsteps of her husband. She develop
nursing theory helps guide nurses
Syllabus into her first publication, introduction to her
in the provision of care that will
Clinical Nursing which describing her nursing theory,
help maintain and promote the
she continued to develop her nursing theories and
health of the patient.
influence the practice for the next 30 years until her
retirement in1987. She then received a doctorate
degree from Loyola University in1992. She was the one
who developed Conservation Theory of Nursing.
Betty She was born in 1924 near a farm in Lowell, Ohio. In The purpose of this theory is this
Neuman 1947, she received her RN diploma from the People’s model can be used for defining
Hospital School of Nursing in Akron, Ohio. Neuman intra-, inter- and extra-personal
attended UCLA with double major in psychology and stressors in nursing practices. By
public health in 1957. She received a master’s degree this means, it provides the nurse
in public health at UCLA in 1966. Neuman’s model was with a comprehensive
first published as a “Model for teaching total person assessment in terms of caregiving
approach to patient problems” in Nursing Research in and explains how the primary,
 1972. In 1985, she received her doctorate in Clinical
secondary and tertiary prevention
Psychology from Pacific Western University. In 1988,
interventions can be used in
she received second honorary doctorate, from Grand
problem-solving.
Valley State University in Allendale, Michigan.
The purpose of the theory is
She was born on July 15, 1914 in Baltimore, MD. She improving the quality of nursing in
graduated from Seton High School in Baltimore, MD in general hospitals. The model
1931. Earned nursing diploma from Providence interrelates concepts in such a
Hospital of Nursing in Washington, D. C. in 1934. way as to create a different way of
Received a BSN Ed. In 1939 and an MSN Ed. in 1945 looking at a particular
Dorothea from Catholic University of America. Dorothea Orem’s phenomenon. The theory is
Orem Honorary Doctorate Degrees; Honorary Doctorate relatively simple, but
Degree of Science from George University (1976), generalizable to apply to a wide
Honorary Doctorate Degree from Incamate Word variety of patients. It can be used
College (1980), Doctor of Humane Letters from Illinois by nurses to guide and improve
Wesleyan University (1988), and Doctor Honors practice, but it must be consistent
Causae, University of Missouri-Columbia. with other validated theories, laws
and principles.
She was born October 14th, 1939 in Los Angeles,
California. She is a member of the Sister of St. Joseph
of Carondelet. Received her BSN from Mount Saint
Mary's College in Los Angeles in 1963. Worked as a
pediatric staff nurse, where she noticed the amazing
resiliency of the children she cared for, and their ability
The purpose of the theory is to
to adapt to the major physical and psychological
promote adaptation for individuals
changes they were experiencing. Received her MSN
and groups in the four adaptive
from University of California, Los Angeles in 1966. It
modes, thus contributing to
was here that her Adaptation Model was developed, in
health, quality of life, and dying
Sr. Callista a seminar with fellow theorist Dorothy E. Johnson. In
with dignity by assessing behavior
Roy 1968, her alma mater Mount Saint Mary's adopted her
and factors that influence
model as the philosophical foundation for their nursing
adaptive abilities and by
curriculum. Worked as a professor and chairperson at
intervening to expand those
Mount Saint Mary's, as well as professor at University
abilities and to enhance
of Portland until 1983. From 1983-1985, she was a
environmental interactions.
clinical nurse scholar in neuroscience during her
Robert Wood Johnson postdoctoral fellowship at
University of California, San Francisco. Sister Callista
became the resident nurse theorist at the Boston
College School of Nursing.