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Taylorismo y Fordismo
Taylorismo y Fordismo
Anxpmhwllaün6
Gc xápdanm impha|dm |g pgiagpg oc dmhm hg upmhwllaün gn lohgno qwg ccgyü o co
upïlxalo Bgnp Imph; io`palonxg hg owxmdüyacg| hg G|xohm| Wnahm|. G|xg |a|xgdo
lmdgnvü lmn co upmhwllaün hgc upadgp owxmdüyac o uopxap hg ?152# lmn wno
lmd`anolaün mpjonavolaün jgngpoc hgc xpo`ofm ocxodgnxg g|uglaocavoho
pgjcodgnxoho o xpoyá| hg lohgno| hg dmnxofg# doqwanopao g|uglaocavoho# |ocopam|
dï| gcgyohm| wn nödgpm gcgyohm hg xpo`ofohmpg| gn uconxacco iwg wxacavohm
um|xgpampdgnxg gn impdo grxgn|ayo gn co anhw|xpao hg nwdgpm|m| uoä|g|# bo|xo co
háloho hg cm| :5 lwonhm iwg pggducovoho ump gc Xmmxa|dm!.
Xmmxa|dm!. Gc impha|dm lmdm
dmhgcm hg upmhwllaün pg|wcxo pgnxo`cg |agdupg qwg gc upmhwlxm uwgho ygnhgp|g o
wn upglam pgcoxayodgnxg `ofm gn pgcolaün o cm| |ocopam| upmdgham# jgngpocdgnxg gn
wno glmnmdäo hg|oppmccoho.
Hg|oppmccm6
Gc impha|dm ouopglaü gn gc |ajcm RR
upmdmyagnhm co g|uglaocavolaün# co
xpon|impdolaün hgc g|qwgdo anhw|xpaoc co
pghwllaün hg lm|xm|. Co haigpgnlao qwg xagng
lmn gc xocmpa|dm# g| qwg á|xo annmyolaün nm
|g cmjpü upanlauocdgnxg o lm|xo hgc
xpo`ofohmp |anm o xpoyá| hg wno g|xpoxgjao hg
gruon|aün hgc dgplohm. Co povün g| qwg |a
bo domp ymcwdgn hg wnahohg| hg wn
upmhwlxm lwocqwagpo hg`ahm o co xglnmcmjäo
hg gn|od`cofg! |w lm|xm g| pghwlahm ump
co povün xagdum-gfglwlaün ! bo`pï wn grlghgnxg hg cm upmhwlahm qwg |wugpopo
nwdápalodgnxg co louolahoh hg lmn|wdm hg co ácaxg# xpohalamnoc önalo
lmn|wdahmpo hg xglnmcmjäo| lmn onxgpampahoh.
Ouopglg wn m`pgpm g|uglaocavohm lmn wn |xoxw| domp oc upmcgxopaohm xpo`ofohmpg|
qwg lopglgn hg upmuaghohg| dgham| hg upmhwllaün! hg co anhw|xpaocavolaün
xod`aán |wpjg co lco|g dghao hgc dmhgcm nmpxgodgpalonm qwg |g xpon|impdopï gn
co lopo ya|a`cg hgc opqwgxaum dmhgcm gfgducop! hgc odgpalon zoq . Ugpm gc |a|xgdo
grlcwg gc lmnxpmc hg xagdum hg upmhwllaün ump uopxg hg co lco|g m`pgpo# lmdm
|mcäo mlwppap lwonhm gc m`pgpm ohgdï| hg um|ggp co iwgpvo hg xpo`ofm# um|gäo cm|
lmnmladagnxm| nglg|opam| uopo pgocavop |w xpo`ofm hg impdo owxünmdo# hg g|xo
dongpo gc louaxoca|xo qwgho`o iwgpo hg cm| xagdum| hg upmhwllaün.
Gc impha|dm lmn owho onxgpamp hgc
xocmpa|dm! ccgjo uopo pmdugp lmn g|g
dmnmumcam hgc xpo`ofm# ump wn xpo`ofm
ocagnonxg lmn lopolxgpä|xalo| qwg ccgyon oc
m`pgpm o ugphgp g|g "dmnmumcam" ump gnhg
ugphgp gc lmnxpmc hg cm| xagdum| hg
upmhwllaün. Ohgdï| onxg| hg g|xo nwgyo
lco|g xpo`ofohmpo# cm| m`pgpm| g|xo`on
|anhalocavohm|# cm lwoc cg| `panho`o wn
pg|uochm ipgnxg o co mupg|aün louaxoca|xo#
g|xo impdo hg ojpwuodagnxm ccgjü o G|xohm|
Wnahm| o xpoyá| hg co upadgpo mcgoho hg andajponxg| gwpmugm|# iwgpxgdgnxg
cajohm| oc xpo`ofm hg cm| opxg|onm| jpgdam| hg xpo`ofohmpg|.
Co ahgo hg |wdop co upmhwllaün gn lohgno o co upmhwllaün hg dgplonläo| nm |ücm
|ajnaialü co| xpon|impdolamng| |mlaocg| lwcxwpocg| qwg umhgdm| pg|wdap gn co
ahgo hg lwcxwpo hg do|o| m do|o| dghao. Lmdm upmxmxaum |g uwghg bo`cop hg co
lpgolaün hg owxmdüyacg| gn |gpag# hg co gruon|aün anxgplco|a|xo hgc lmn|wdm qwg
hgyagng gn nwgym| g|xädwcm| lühajm| lwcxwpocg| dghaohm| ump gc louaxoc.
Gc noladagnxm hg co lmduoÿäo
Ump oqwgc gnxmnlg|# Bgnp Imph mlwuo`o co domp uopxg hg |w xagdum ca`pg#
iwnhodgnxocdgnxg co| nmlbg|# gn co
lmn|xpwllaün hgc qwg |gpäo |w upadgp
lmlbg |an lo`occm|# qwg olo`ü gn gc
ugqwgÿm xoccgp qwg xgnäo gn |w lo|o gn
?219. \g xpoxo`o hg wn ygbälwcm hg
lwoxpm pwgho| oppo|xpohm ump wn dmxmp
hg hm| lacanhpm| hg lwoxpm xagdum|#
pgipajgpohm lmn ojwo |an doplbo
oxpï|. Ownqwg nm oumpxü nanjwno
nmyghoh dglïnalo pg|uglxm o cm| owxm|
qwg bo`äon io`palohm cm| ocgdong|
Jmxxcag` Hoadcgp Lopc @gnv# Bgnp
Imph anxpmhwfm nmyghohg| pgcolamnoho|
lmn |w lmn|xpwllaün gn |gpag lmn co| ygnxofo| glmnüdalo| qwg upmumplamno`o o
cm| iwxwpm| w|wopam| gc lmlbg |ocaü o co ygnxo ump xon |ücm 055 hücopg|!.
Jpolao| oc pgcoxaym áraxm hg ygnxo|
hg |w upadgp lmlbg# gn ?211 Bgnp
Imph o`onhmnü co Gha|mn |g
o|mlaü lmn |w onxajwm xoccgp
dglïnalm uopo io`palop lmlbg| hg
gnlopjm. Ugpm# hg`ahm o |w iwgpxg
lopïlxgp# o |w lmdumpxodagnxm wn
xonxm grlánxpalm uopo co áumlo
uacmxo`o lmn áraxm |w| upmuam|
lmlbg| hg loppgpo|! # |m`pg xmhm#
o |w| ahgo| gdupg|opaocg|
pgymcwlamnopao|# gn ?15<# lwonhm
lmnxo`o lwopgnxo oÿm|# hglahaü
iwnhop |w upmuao lmduoÿäo# co Imph
Dmxmp Lmduon# hmnhg uwhm
umngp gn upïlxalo |w upmuü|axm
lmn|xpwap wn dmhgcm g|xïnhop# gn |gpag# uopo o`opoxop gc lm|xm xgngp ollg|m oc
domp dgplohm um|a`cg.
O|mlaohm lmn cm| bgpdonm| Hmhjg# io`palonxg|
hg dmxmpg|# Bgnp Imph# lmn xon |ücm gc 07' hgc
xmxoc hg co| ollamng|# lmdgnvü o lm|glbop cm|
upadgpm| áraxm| xod`aán cm| upadgpm|
upm`cgdo| lmn |w| |mlam|. Cm| bgpdonm| Hmhjg
|g anlcano`on ump co io`palolaün hg wn lmlbg hg
cwfm hg ocxm upglam# dagnxpo| qwg Imph hgignhäo
cm lmnxpopam6 wn lmlbg |gnlaccm# umuwcop # |m`pg
xmhm# `opoxm. Co ahgo upanlauoc hg Imph gpo qwg#
|a io`palo`o gn |gpag cm| lmlbg|# cm| lm|xm| hg
upmhwllaün hgc owxmdüyac |g pghwlapäon m|xgn|a`cgdgnxg# cm lwoc lmnxpa`wapäo o `ofop
xod`aán gc upglam hg ygnxo gn co loccg# laplwn|xonlao qwg bopäo owdgnxop co
hgdonho# gc dgplohm co| jononlao|.
Xpo| |mcwlamnop cm| upm`cgdo| lmn |w| |mlam|
muxop ump co lmdupo hgc 72' hg co| ollamng|
hg cm| Hmhjg# Imph convü ump ian# o upanlauam|
hg ?152# co upadgpo |gpag hg |w icodonxg
Imph$X o wn upglam önalm pgymcwlamnopam gn
gc dgplohm# `o|xonxg `ofm gn lmduopolaün
lmn cm| 0.555 hücopg| qwg lmn|xaxwäon gc
upglam dgham hg wn lmlbg ump oqwgcco áumlo.
Gc áraxm iwg iwcdanonxg co| ygnxo| |g
dwcxaucalopmn ump lanlm. Iwg ump oqwgc
gnxmnlg| lwonhm Imph# grwcxonxg igcav#
oiapdo`o6 "Hopá o loho odgpalonm wn
owxmdüyac hgc lmcmp qwg upgiagpo# lmn xoc hg qwg |go ngjpm". Hg pgugnxg# wno jpon
lonxahoh hg lodug|anm| m`pgpm| hg co| lawhohg| umhäon ha|umngp hg |w upmuam
ygbälwcm# cm lwoc pgymcwlamnü anlcw|m cm| bï`axm| |mlaocg| hgc uoä|. Gc dmhgcm Imph$
X# qwg# |gjön hgläo co upmuojonho# "umhäo bolgp hg xmhm# anlcw|m coyop ucoxm|"# |g
ygnhaü |mcm# |an nglg|ahoh hg wno loduoÿo uw`calaxopao hg jponhg| upmumplamng|#
lmdm hgdm|xpopmn co| ouo`wcconxg| laipo| hg ygnxo|6 gn ?1?9 |g ygnhagpmn dgham
daccün hg wnahohg|# hm| daccmng| gn ?10< # uopo ?10:# iglbo hg |w pgxapoho hg
upmhwllaün# |g bo`äo oclonvohm co ipamcgpo lonxahoh hg ?7 daccmng| hg Imph$X
xmhm| gccm| ngjpm|# ump |wuwg|xm!.
Upm`cgdo| co`mpocg|
Hwponxg gc ugpamhm
lmdupgnhahm gnxpg ?1<:
?18?# co Imph iwg co önalo
gdupg|o hg ygbälwcm| qwg
nm pglmnmläo hg dmhm
mialaoc o nanjön |anhaloxm
uopo pgupg|gnxop o cm|
xpo`ofohmpg| gn co
ngjmlaolaün lmcglxayo. Gn
wn fwalam mpoc onxg co Lmpxg
Nolamnoc hg pgcolamng|
co`mpocg|# Imph iwg
lmnhgnohm ump yamcop
pgugxahodgnxg co cg
nolamnoc |m`pg pgcolamng|
co`mpocg|. Cm| bglbm| qwg |g cg aduwxopmn iwgpmn gcgyohm| dghaonxg wno
ougcolaün onxg cm| fwvjohm| ighgpocg|. \g cg m`cajü o ngjmlaop wn lmnxpoxm xaum#
xpo| gc áraxm hg co bwgcjo qwg cm| xpo`ofohmpg| hg |w upanlauoc iï`palo hg Paygp
Pmwjg# Dalbajon# ccgyopmn o lo`m gn o`pac hg ?18?.
Upmhwllaün hwponxg co jwgppo
umpxocucongxo|ghno.lmd.op-bgnp]imph.bxd
g|.zakaughao.mpj-zaka-Impha|dm