Insulating materials

FACTORIES

By:
Walaa Hussein
Fatima Osman
Buthaina abdalonem
Mohammed Al_almin
Ahmed Al_sddig

| T. Maha
| 9 July
Introduction and definition
Finishing is the process of finishing the walls, floors, ceilings and surfaces of the building,
as it is determined by the type of materials implemented and their treatment. Also see
finishes the very surrounding area of the building, including the surface surface of the
perspective in the whole building, inside or outside

d the selection of the appropriate finishing materials for the building is determined
by several factors, the most important of which are the cost, the quality of building
materials, the effect of architectural coordination, its texture, its resistance to
moisture, fire or sound, its lifespan, its resistance to environmental factors and its
components, etc. The building and since the finishes are the visible facade of the
building, the details of the executive designs of the building and the method of its
construction on the original technical foundations are considered very important.
The finishes are divided into several types depending on the parts of the building,
some of which are related to walls, floors, ceilings or roofs. The following are the
important details of each of them separately.

IN FACTOREIS
Factory finishing is where the whole painting process is carried out in the factory
environment and the windows arrive on-site fully decorated with no further painting
needed

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Materials and methods used in
factory finishes:
a-floor finishes.
When thinking of industrial flooring, there are
many different types of materials to choose from.
Durability and cost-effectiveness are important
factors to consider, but style and comfort can
come into play, as well as longevity. Here are the
three best industrial flooring materials and how
they can work for you .
the 3 Best Types of Industrial Flooring:
1-First: Polished Concrete
An easy option is to keep the already set concrete
as your industrial flooring since it is incredibly
durable. However, the issue with using unfinished
concrete as an industrial flooring base is mainly
how porous it is. When used in the food and
beverage industry, water or food spills, leaks, or
chemical spills can seep into the concrete and may

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cause bacteria to grow. This can prove extremely
problematic for an industry so reliant on up
keeping certain health standards.

Polished concrete offers the same durability and

performance that unfinished concrete does, but it
is moisture and bacteria resistant. The process of
polishing the unfinished material leaves the
concrete shiny, almost like an epoxy. The shiny,
marble-like appearance left after the concrete is
polished is a great alternative to high end flooring
such as granite or even tile. However, polished
concrete will need touch-ups in high-traffic areas
as time passes.

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Polished Concrete design features

1- Considered of a good kind of body through education through its tours around the
entire world or concrete floors. ... save energy

2-to get stay at the diving at the stay at home.

3- A high coefficient of friction, which caused slipping, as in special porcelain, when

making some engravings and decorations on its upper surface.

4- Reduce or prevent environmental related environmental problems.

5- Reducing the need for a lot of lighting, especially for large halls, from the light reflected
in the light reflected by the light on the visible light.

6- Have a surface or floors, for example, in most other finishing layers

7-Can be easily cleaned with a damp cloth for up to a week

8- It has a long service life. Other types may reach 100 years of actual service

9- Not affected by moisture and flowering problems. Unpolished concrete can penetrate
the surface towards it causing blooming and dust formation due to the disintegration of
the outer surface layers’ layers’ and layers do not occur with it layers by layer one layer

10- It has impermeable surfaces due to the use of condensation and sealing materials for
the surface, which makes it high quality in the pores..

11-Using a hardener increases the strength of old, damaged and weak surfaces with high
wear and shock resistance

12- It can be used chemically in the field of application of what is needed to use chemicals

13-Highly polished resistant tires for forklifts and vehicles unlike other types of other
environments

14- The polished finish employs the surface of the earth, and the coating needs another
layer only. energy and environmental design)

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2-Second: Epoxy:
Epoxy or epoxy resin is a chemical substance that is
one of the types of thermoplastic elastomers.
As one of the most popular industrial flooring types,
epoxied floors are long-lasting and low maintenance.
Among the best looking of all industrial flooring
options, epoxy is completely customizable and can
come in a variety of colors. Due to the degree of skill
needed to install correctly, the epoxy process can get
expensive and take a great deal of time. However, the
time and money spent are well worth it as epoxy
flooring generally only needs a quick mop to clean.

Epoxied industrial flooring is not porous like concrete

floors. Therefore, it is protected from bacteria growth
and stains or spills, making it perfect for use in the
dairy industry or food industry. However, it is
recommended to use anti-slip additives during the
installation process to keep the floors from getting

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slick when wet. This also adds to the cost, but it will
extend the life of the floors.

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b-Walls and ceiling :
Effective Tools for Isolating Vibrating Machinery or
Equipment

Steel Springs rated for enough static deflection for the

equipment

Neoprene waffle pads to remove direct hard mounts

between equipment and structure

Housekeeping concrete pads to add inertial mass

below the equipment

Once equipment is effectively decoupled from the slab,

also consider increasing the STC of the equipment
room walls

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PAGE 8
Acoustic Curtains
Acoustic curtains can be used in almost any setting
when sound insulation is necessary. In an industrial
setting, properly installed acoustic curtains provide
coverage on all sides (including an optional roof).

Some Features of Acoustic Curtains:

High actual noise reduction up to 25 dB(A)

Custom engineered systems for any application
Roof Panels and ventilation systems available when
required
Quick access to machinery and equipment for
operation and maintenance

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Fire safe and low smoke emissions per ASTM E-84,
Class 1: Per ASTM E-162, ASTM E-662
Easily installed, relocated or modified
View windows for visibility
Durable constructions for long service life in severe
industrial conditions
Curtain system models are offered in various styles for
the optimum solution of application's requirements
Economical alternative to rigid acoustical panel
systems

Our acoustic curtains have a Double Track feature that

allows for "slide by" access, which is perfect for quick
access to machinery and equipment. Additionally,
custom acoustic curtains have windows so your crew
can inspect insulated machinery without entering the
curtain tent.

Multiple ventilation baffles allow for optimal airflow

and circulation while maintaining sound insulation.

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The material used for our industrial acoustic curtains is
both washable and able to be steam cleaned for
optimal cleanliness in any industrial setting.

* Factory lite insulation: is an excellent product to

increase the environmental quality inside a building
and boasts exceptional thermal and acoustic
properties. Moreover, it’s a similar product to that of

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Granric, Knauf and Aerolite but with a foil backing to
give it extra strength.

factory lite insulation south Africa

The acoustic properties help by absorbing noise.

Generally, factory lite insulation is used within
buildings or warehouses without ceilings.

Being an exceptional thermal and acoustic insulation it

is commonly used as warehouse insulation South
Africa to create a comfortable environment for people
to be living or working in.
Factory lite is fiberglass insulation which is made from
silica sand and recycled glass. It’s made from recycled
materials that would usually be dumped and added to
the landfill. The glass comes from a variety of places,
from homes, businesses even the offcut pieces of glass
that comes from glass manufactures themselves. It is
then spun into high-quality glass fiber insulation like
Aerolite. Except without the pink dye. It’s yellow in
colour. Factory insulation Johannesburg is an eco-

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friendly product and most commonly used as
warehouse insulation Johannesburg.

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c-Finishing materials;
foam concrete:

It is a form of concrete, light in weight, its density is

less than that of regular concrete, its density ranges
from 200 to 1800 kg/m3. Foam concrete has a high
thermal insulation ability. Also, its light weight and
low density positively affect the total cost of buildings
in which foam concrete is used. .

Foam concrete has become desirable due to its great

fluidity, rapid formation and quality control.

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The uses of foam concrete in many fields and
applications such as backfilling trenches or in the base
layers of roads or in ceilings, walls and floors. It is also
used in pouring tendencies for surfaces. Because its
surface is smooth and soft.

Foam concrete ingredients:

It is a mixture of cement, sand and some chemical

additives. It is mixed with a regular mixer and pumped
with a special pump, which leads to the formation of
air bubbles inside the mixture by entering the air
during pumping. This leads to the formation of air-
filled cells inside the cement paste, which reduces its
density, increases its hardening and reduces its weight.
.

There are several names that characterize foam

concrete, namely:

porous concrete
gas concrete

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aerated concrete
From the above, we can make an inventory of the
advantages of foam concrete as follows:

1- High economic feasibility:

A - reduce the weight of the origin.

B - Small quantities of iron and small foundation
dimensions.
C- The cost of transporting it is cheap and the effort is
less during casting.
D - high ability to thermal insulation.
E- Energy saving in heating and cooling.

2- High productivity:
It is easy to raise the productivity with less labor as the
foam concrete does not require additional equipment.

3- Easy to use and configure:

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This is due to its streamlining and high operability,
which makes it easy to enter between the slots without
any trouble. It can be poured into molds and different
shapes. It can also be pumped without bleeding or
segregation.

4- Fire resistance.

5- Harmless and environmentally friendly.

After we got acquainted with the advantages and

values of using foam concrete. Here comes the role of
knowing the applications in which foam concrete is
suitable for use.

Areas of use of foam concrete:

1- Backfilling trenches and leveling roads:

As a base for building roads and foundation layers,

foam concrete is also used in tunnel construction so

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that it is used to fill the voids and cavities that appear
during tunnel construction.

2- The walls:

Foam concrete is used as a material to fill cavities in

brick buildings to increase wall insulation. It is also
used in partitions, partitions, non-load bearing walls,
and in external walls.

3- Ceilings and floors:

Foam concrete is used as a thermal insulator for

ceilings, flooring and leveling works. It is used as a
filler under tiles in floors. Foam concrete is used to
make suspended ceiling covering panels used in
thermal insulation or sound insulation in homes,
buildings and institutions buildings.

4- Landscaping and exterior decoration works.

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5- It is used to inject the soil to strengthen it and
prevent slipping.
6- Building tennis, basketball and volleyball courts.
7- Restoration and repair works for old buildings.

Factors affecting the quality and properties of foam

concrete:

1- The type and properties of the aggregate used and its

grading.
2- Water cement ratio
3- Degree of compaction
4- The feature of operation and texture
Workability&Consistency
5- The ratio of cement to aggregate.

Characteristics and specifications of foam concrete:

1- Resistance to breakage:

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The fracture resistance of foam concrete depends on a
number of factors, the most important of which is the
density, the ratio of water to cement, and the ratio of
aggregates to cement. The fracture resistance of foam
concrete can be doubled by steaming.

2- Thermal conductivity:
The thermal conductivity of foam concrete ranges from
0.065 to 0.43 W/m/°C.

3- Weather resistance:
Foam concrete has the ability to resist volatile weather
conditions. This is due to the dry shrinkage
characteristic of foam concrete, which is softened by
moist air.

The shrinkage rate of foam concrete is about ten times

that of regular concrete.

4- Acoustic insulation:

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Foam concrete has a high ability to absorb sounds. The
use of foam concrete dispenses with the use of sound-
insulating plaster.

5- Fire resistance:
Foam concrete is an inorganic material. Therefore, it is
not combustible. Experiments have proven that a slab
of foam concrete with a density of 1400 kg/m3 and a
thickness of 15 cm has resisted fire for more than seven
hours.

Methods and how to produce foam concrete:

There are several ways to produce air or gas cells in

foam concrete, including:

1- Use of foaming materials.

2- The use of additives to foam concrete, such as air-
trapping materials.
3- Carrying out chemical reactions that generate gases.

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Use of foaming materials:

In this method, foaming materials are added after

drying with water in a certain proportion to the
concrete mixture. It is stipulated in the foaming
materials that they do not have a chemical effect on
the components of the concrete mix and that they do
not interact with them chemically. Also, the air
bubbles resulting from the use of these materials must
be stable, that is, not It shrivels and wears out quickly.

Types of foaming materials:

1- Artificial foam materials:

It has a transparent yellowish colour.

The density of the resulting foam is 40 g/L or less.

2- Organic or protein foams produced from

decomposing animal remains:

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The density of the resulting foam is from 60 to 100
grams / liter.

It is dark brown in color with a pungent odor.

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Rock wool, otherwise known as mineral wool or stone
wool:

A natural inorganic material in the form of aggregated

fibers as a result of melting basalt rocks (has a very
high melting point), where rock wool is used in a wide
range of products that are used in most applications

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that use thermal insulation and other functions, as it
works by listening to several types of wool natural; For
example, rock wool can be re-dyed to any other color,
while natural wool must be white before it can be re-
dyed.

The stages of rock wool manufacture

Rockwool fibers are produced, both from natural

volcanic production rocks and those that have been
melted in special furnaces at a temperature of more
than 1500 ° C, after which the fibers are used that are
spread with elasticity. Then he collected the fibers that
were processed on production lines and on different
occasions of rock wool, each of them in different
thicknesses.

The importance of rock wool

Benefiting from renewable energy, which works to save

energy, and it is one of the modern civilizational

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concerns that play a role in preserving the
environment and the national economy. Scientific
research and studies have proven that the use of
insulation in buildings significantly reduces the heat
transferred in the existing walls

The most important uses of rock wool:

It is acoustic insulation, this makes it an ideal product

suitable for sound absorption, and sound insulation
can be achieved by installing rock wool in wall
sections.

It is widely used in shipbuilding and offshore offshore

drilling rigs in massive atmosphere, and its families are
here in Europe, Europe, Europe, Europe, Europe, USA.
Elements of protection from the protection of the basic
structures, the building prevents the building from the
basic structures for protection from the sun and fire.

PAGE 26
Fiber glass:

Acoustic fiberglass comes in sheets rather than rolls,

and can be used in various places and applications
including making acoustic panels in home studios,
theaters and commercial buildings, this soundproofing

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material is very effective at reducing noise entering or
leaving a room, and improving internal acoustics.

There are different types to choose from with different

thicknesses, density and strength, for example: 703
boards are best for reducing high frequency noise,
while 705 boards are more suitable for low frequency
bass noise.

Where these fibers are used in recording studios, home

cinemas, theaters and anywhere, where sound
insulation is required, they are very versatile, and one
of their pluses is that they are suitable for different
frequency ranges and come in different thicknesses
and are easy to cut, while they are considered an
irritant so protective clothing must be worn when
dealing with it.

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Reference:
1-The project group (engineering.
Construction) website

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2-The project group (engineering.
Construction) website

3-Construction canda website

(https://www.constructioncanada.net/sp
ecifying-polyiso-for-continuous-
insulation-in-walls/)

4-Aerolite insulation website

5-beutex wood website

And thank you

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