Earth and

Life Science 11
Earth and Life Science – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 14: Using hazard maps to identify Geological Hazard
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Antonio C. De Guzman

Editor/Reviewer (Technical): Ronald Dumapias
Reviewer (Content): Ronald Dumapias
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Earth and
Life Science 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 14
Using hazard maps to identify Geological Hazard
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Self-Learning Module 14 on Using

hazard maps to identify Geological Hazard

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Self-Learning Module 14 on Using

hazard maps to identify Geological Hazard

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

The module is about using hazard maps to identify areas prone to geological
hazards.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the importance of using geological hazard maps
2. Describe the different kinds of geological hazard maps
3. Create your own community hazard map

PRETEST

Directions. Read the questions and encircle the letter of your answer.

1. Hazard maps are created by scientific investigations. Which

government agency takes the lead in preparing a map of earthquake
prone areas?
a. PHILVOCS b. BFAD c. MGB d. Pasig City Government
2. The vibrations rearrange sand particles from a loose arrangement of
grain into more compact state. Which hazard map can show this
type of geological hazard?
a. Ground shaking c. Landslides
b. Ground rupture d. Storm surge
3. Geological hazard maps show the possible damages to a specific zone
or locality and vital infrastructure. Which feature of the map can give
an estimate of the possible affected population?
a. Building structure c. Number of households
b. National and secondary roads d. Number of people
4. Which geological hazard involves loose, granular sediments with
deposits that are young enough to be loose and near sea-level,
coastlines, and marshes?
a. Ground shaking c. Landslides
b. Ground rupture d. Liquefaction
5. Geological hazard maps are considered as a living document
because it has what kind of trait?
a. Constantly revised c. All of the above
b. Constantly up-dated d. None of the above

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 RECAP

Recall your previous lesson. Let us identify the different types of geological
hazard. Write if the picture shows Earthquake, Landslide, Volcanic Eruption

1. 4.

2. 5.

3.

LESSON

USING HAZARDS MAPS TO IDENTIFY AREAS PRONE TO GEOLOGICAL

HAZARDS
The hazard map is a presentation showing the levels of expected losses which
can be anticipated in specific areas or locality during the particular time period and
particular hazards. For this topic, we will discuss the hazard map used to identify
geological hazards. Geological hazard maps are scientific tools developed and created
by scientist that shows a potentially dangerous area or locality in terms of geological
aspect. There are two government agencies in charge of creating geological hazard
maps specifically the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (DOST-
PHILVOCS) and Mines and Geoscience Bureau (DOST-MGB). PHILVOCS is the
government agency mandated to study the different kinds and types of volcanoes in
the Philippines and earthquakes, while the MGB is the lead agency tasked to study
land area rich with natural minerals and the different types of land thereby they
study land areas prone to landslide. These agencies create hazard maps used for
geological hazards. The geological hazard maps show the areas affected by
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and landslides. These hazard maps show the
diameter of the affected area, the number of families affected, and structures
affected. It usually shows the total number of household thereby giving an estimated
number of families affected. Usually the map is color coded for it to be easily read
and understood. Geological hazard maps are also plotted for the purpose of knowing
the most probable areas affected by the hazards. Below are examples geological
hazard map of Pasig City.

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 Figure 1: Pasig location map Figure 2: Pasig Ground Shaking map

Figure 3: Ground Rupture map Figure 4: Landslide map

Figure 5: Liquefaction map

The geological hazard map’s primary purpose is to serve as a mitigation tool

which would lessen the adverse effects of geological hazards to the lives of the people
living in a community, if your area or community is at high risk for geological hazards

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such as ground shaking or rupture, it would be more safe to live in other places or if
it is not possible to retro-fit the structures of the house, thereby strengthening your
house, but the best use of a hazard map is to not build structures in the said area.
The five geological hazard maps above show the same areas in Pasig City but affected
with different geological hazards. The different geological hazard maps show the
different hazards based on the location and type of land the said location has, some
areas of Pasig City are prone to ground shaking while others are prone to liquefaction,
liquefaction is the geological hazard in which the rocks and land turns into fine
course granular materials making it turn into weak water-like substance. Geological
hazard maps are consider living documents because it is constantly revised and up-
dated for any changes within the community.

ACTIVITIES

I. Modified True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is true, write FALSE if the
statement is false and underline the word or words that make the statement
false.
_________1. The hazard map is a scientific tool to mitigate the adverse effects of
geological hazards.
_________2. The City of Pasig is outside of the area of the fault line which is Marikina
Valley fault line.
_________3. The geological hazard map is created by the Department of Interior and
Local Government.
__________4. Mitigation is a process wherein we use different scientific tools to lessen
the adverse effects of a hazard.
__________5. Another term for liquefaction is ground rupture.

II. Identify the missing words.

Negative Adverse Mitigate Mitigation

Community Deformation Liquefaction Ground Shaking
Earthquake Rupture Hazard Engineer
Fault line Retro-fit Folding

The geological hazard map’s primary purpose is to serve as 1.________ tools which
would lessen the 2.________ effects of geological hazards to the lives of the people
living in a community. If your area or 3.________ is at high risk for geological hazards
such as ground shaking or 4.________, it would be safer to live in other places or if it
is not possible to 5._________ the structures of the house, thereby strengthening your
house, but the best use of a hazard map is not build structures in said area.

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III. Study the map of Pasig City in which a strong geological hazard had
affected the city of Pasig and has caused massive/ heavy damages to
the infrastructure and facilities of said city. The geological hazard had
a strong intensity of shaking and cracks were evident on the buildings.
There were also falling debris from said buildings.

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 1. Base on the geological hazard map above, what kind of geological
hazard had hit Pasig city?
a. Earthquake c. Ground shaking
b. Ground rupture d. Landslide
2. Based on the map, which barangay or community was less affected by
the geological hazard?
a. Manggahan c. Santolan
b. Kapitolyo d. Sta. Lucia
3. Based on the map which barangays would be a suitable staging area to
build a temporary shelter with less damages to its buildings?
a. Pineda and Palatiw c. Rosario and Sta. Lucia
b. Dela Paz and Santolan d. San Antonio and Kapitolyo
4. As a survivor of this hazard, based on the map above what national
road would be the safest and less debris to travel into?
a. C. Raymundo Ave. c. Mercedes Ave.
b. Julia Vargas avenue d. Sixto Ave.
5. Based on the map Napindan river is a possible alternative route to take
to avoid debris and other materials blocking the roads due to the
hazard, if you a take a boat in Napindan river going to western location
traversing and going through Pasig river. To which part of metro manila
does Pasig river belong to?
a. Mandaloyung c. Manila
b. Makati city d. Pasig

WRAP-UP

Now that you have learned the purpose and contents of a geological
hazard map, it is time to put what you have learned into action, for 15 minutes
go around your house and look at the things that could become a hazard
when an earthquake happens. Make notes and turn this note into a hazard
map of your house. And then create an evacuation plan for you and your
family to follow. Submit your output to your teacher and he/she will check
your plan. Below is an example of a floor plan for you to serve as a template
for your plans.

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 VALUING

This is the Pasig city geological hazard map which show the most and high
probability of massive damage and destruction of infrastructures and facilities
within the city. According to studies conducted by DOST – PHIVOLCS and the
City Government of Pasig there will be a catastrophic situation in case the
anticipated Earthquake with a magnitude of at least 7.2 or the “BIG ONE” hits
the greater part of the National Capital Region. The City of Pasig will be one
of the severely affected cities within the greater part of metropolitan manila.
Pasig City has many commercial, residential, and industrial areas or zone
within its jurisdiction. Because of this the Pasig City government had taken
mitigating measures since 2013 up to the present time by creating the “Pasig
City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan and Annexes”, This Plan
is a detailed and well-structured planning that had established a system of
an all hazard approach to all possible hazards and disasters that could and
may affect the locality of Pasig City. This includes various hazard maps for
both geological and hydrometeorological hazards. This geological and
hydrometeorological maps show the communities that could be affected by
geological hazards such as an earthquake, ground shaking, ground rupture,
land liquefaction and infrastructure damages within the city.

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 POSTTEST

Answer the following question. Encircle your answer.

1. The government agency task to study land mass and the different
minerals?
a. Department of Agriculture
b. Mines and Geoscience Bureau
c. Department of Science and Technology
d. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
2. Vibration rearranges sand particles from a loose arrangement of
grains into more compact state.
a. Ground rupture c. Landslide
b. Ground shaking d. Liquefaction
3. Mitigation tool which show the hazard of the community
a. Journal c. Organizational chart
b. Map d. Plan
4. Saturation of sand and silt sediment by ground water
a. Ground rupture c. Liquefaction
b. Landslides d. Water intrusion
5. The government agency that is mandated by law to study all kinds
of geological hazard.
a. Department of Agriculture
b. Mines and Geoscience Bureau
c. Department of Science and Technology
d. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

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 KEY TO CORRECTION
5. B

4. B
3. D
2. B
A 1.
III.
retro-fit 5.
rupture 4.
community 3.
adverse 2.
mitigation 1. 5. landslid
plan. II. 4. earthquake
D 5. evacuation 4.true eruption C 5.
C 4. house and 3.false dilg 3. volcanic C 4.
B 3. plan for the 2. false outside eruption D 3.
D 2. of a hazard 1. true 2. volcanic B 2.
B 1. Submission I. I. 1.earthquake A 1.
test test
Post- Wrap up Activities Recap Pre-

References
Cabria, H.B., Olivar II, J.T., Rodolfo, R.S., (2016). Exploring Life Through
Science Series Earth Science. Phoenix Publishing House. Philippines

De Guzman, A.C. (2015). Disaster Risk Reduction Management Framework

in Selected Local Government Units. Thesis in the Graduate School of
Our Lady of Fatima University. Valenzuela City, Philippines

Olivar II, J.T., Ramos, A.C. (2016). Exploring Life Through Science Series
Earth and Life Science. Phoenix Publishing House. Philippines

Pasig City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (2012). Pasig City
Disaster Risk Reduction & Management Plan. Pasig City Government,
Philippines

PHIVOLCS. Phivolcs latest Earthqake Information. Retrived April 30, 2020

from phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/htm/update_SOEPD/Tsunami_Latest.html