Name: _Joseph genebraldo ______________________________ Date Performed: 9/3/21

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Strand: _STEM______________________________ Date Submitted:
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(Note: Please choose only one (1) of the following experiments to perform.)

Transport Mechanisms
Cells are responsible for many metabolic processes within our body. For this reason, cells
have to acquire nutrients and molecules to sustain its activities. On the other hand, metabolic
processes within the cell also produce some waste materials that could harm the cell and may affect
its functioning that should be excreted thus, materials should go in and out of the cell. The
movement of this materials is facilitated and regulated by the plasma membrane. Materials are
transported in and out of the cell in two ways: Passive transport and active transport. In this activity,
you are going to investigate how passive transport works.
Objectives:
 Investigate how diffusion works
 Identify different factors affecting diffusion
 Describe how osmosis occurs
A. Simple Diffusion in Liquids
Materials:
 Food coloring  Warm, Hot and Cold water
 3 glasses  Stop watch
Procedure:
1. Label the three glasses with A, B, C.
2. Fill in each glasses with the following:
A – Warm/Tap water
B – Hot Water
C – Cold Water
3. Add a few drops of food coloring into the glass of water. Using the stop watch, measure how
long it takes for the food coloring to spread within the water.
4. Repeat the procedure using the hot and cold water. Record your observations on the table
below.
Data and Results
Table 1. Diffusion of Liquid
Container Time (sec) Observations
2.98
A In the warm water the food coloring diffuses and spreads out to
the water in normal speed
2.05
B The hot water causes the food coloring to diffuse faster. At
higher temperatures, particles move faster.
5.37
C In cold water, the food coloring diffuses spreads out through the
water slowly. 
Illustration: (Paste the pictures here)
Guide Questions
1. What happen to the food coloring when dropped to the water? Why do you think this happen?
________ the food coloring drops on the water, as it drops, it spreads throughout the bottle
smoothly.This happens because water is a solvent
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Which of the containers does the food coloring diffuse faster? Explain.
______Hot water because it diffuses At higher temperatures, particles move faster.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. What other factor you think can increase the rate of the diffusion of the food coloring?
____I think if I mix the bottle it will spread quickly in the container
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
B. Membrane Diffusion in Semi-permeable
Materials:
 Corn starch  Water
 Iodine  Glass
 Plastic bag
Procedure:
Set-up A
1. Take the plastic bag and add a spoonful of corn starch and about 100 ml of water (you don’t
have to be exact). Tie the plastic bag.
2. Fill the glass about half full of water and add several drops of iodine (or just until in turns
orange).
3. Place the plastic bag into the glass of iodine solution and observe what happens.
Set-up B
1. Repeat the procedure but this time place the starch solution in the beaker and the iodine
solution in the bag. Observe what happens.
Data and Results
Table 2. Diffusion in a Semi-permeable Membrane
Set up Observations

A A layer of deep purple black color is formed on the membrane of the plastic bag and
the color slowly diffuses into the starch water

 It diffused out of the diffusion bag and into the beaker. Iodine is able to diffuse
B across the membrane because it is small and hydrophobic, meaning it doesnt mix
with water.

Illustration: (Paste the pictures here)

 Guide questions
1. Refer to set-up A. Why do you think this reaction happened?
Because iodine mulecules is small enough to pass through the membrane of the plastic
bag _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Refer to set-up B. Is the reaction in set-up B the same with set-up A? Why?
___No because the set b doesn’t mix with the water
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
C. Osmosis in Animal Cell
Materials
 2 eggs  30% brine solution (salt solution)
 Vinegar  2 glass containers
 Distilled water
Procedure
1. Soak the eggs in vinegar for 2-3 days or just when all the egg shells has been removed.
2. Measure the length circumference (mm) of the eggs and width circumference (mm). Record it
in the table below.
3. Label the containers A and B.
 4. Fill in with following:
A - Distilled water
B – 50% brine solution (salt solution)
5. Place the eggs in the labelled containers and leave overnight.
6. Measure the length circumference and width circumference of the eggs. Record it in the table
below.
Data and Results
Table 3. Osmosis in Animal Cell
Containers Before After
Length Width Length Width
Circumferenc Circumference Circumference Circumference
e (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
A 62mm 42mm 62mm 42mm
(Distilled
Water)
B 60mm 39mm 57mm 35mm
(30 % Brine
solution)

Illustration: (Paste the picture of here)

Before After
 Guide Questions
1. Differentiate the size of the egg before and after it was soaked in distilled water and brine
solution.
_____ An egg submerged in distilled water  will gain water by osmosis because the egg

has greater solute

____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain why this happened to the eggs.
__I think because the eggs absorbs the molecule
_______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
D. Osmosis in Plant Cell
Materials
 Potato (you can use water spinach)  30% brine solution
 Distilled water  2 containers

Procedure
1. Slice the potato into 5 mm thin.
2. Label the containers A and B.
3. Fill in the containers with the following:
A – Distilled water
B – 30% brine solution (salt solution)
4. Soak the potatoes for an hour. Record you observations on the table provided below.
Data and Results
Table 4. Osmosis in Plant Cell
Container Observations
A The potato look thicker than the slice I made
(Distilled water)
B
(50% Brine My observation is the potato is shrinking but im not sure but I think its shirinking
solution) because it look smaller

Illustration: (Paste the pictures here)

Guide Questions:

1. What happened to the sliced potatoes in container A? Why?

_________________________________________________________________________
____  The potatoes will look thicker and more plump
_____________________________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. What happened to the sliced potatoes in container B? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_____The potatoes are shrinking
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Documentation: A. Simple Diffusion in Liquids
Simple passive diffusion occurs when small molecules pass through the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane. Facilitated
diffusion depends on carrier proteins imbedded in the membrane to allow specific substances to pass through, that
might not be able to diffuse through the cell membrane

B. Membrane Diffusion in Semi-permeable

 is a special type of diffusion, namely the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.Osmotic pressure is the
force required to prevent water movement across the semipermeable membrane. Net water movement continues until
its potential reaches zero.

C. Osmosis in Animal Cell

Water will diffuse from a higher water concentration outside the cell to a lower water concentration inside the cell. Red
blood cells placed in a solution with a lower water concentration

D. Osmosis in Plant Cell

If a plant cell is surrounded by a solution that contains a higher concentration of water molecules than the solution
inside the cell, water will enter the cell by osmosis and the plant cell will become turgid