Electric Flux, Gauss law

And Divergence
By:-
Sumit yadav
Suraj Niroula
Electric Flux Density
Electric Flux
• Flux generated out of electric charge:
= Electric charge generates a flux
= Electric charge itself is a flux
= The # of the electric flux lines is the Faraday’s expression equivalent to the
amount of electric charges
 Electric Flux Density (D)
The meaning and deduction
Electric Field Intensity (E) vs. Electric Flux Density (D) with example of point charge
Electric Field Intensity (E) vs. Electric Flux Density (D) with example of point charge

A one-line description of it
Another Point of View
Another Point of View
Thanks!
Faraday used this for his electrostatic induction experiment
Michael Faraday
Faraday used this for his electrostatic induction experiment
Gauss’s Law
Gauss’s Thought

= Faraday’s thought + Closed Surface

Integral Form
Integral Form with Dot Product
Integral Form with Dot Product
Gaussian Surface
Gauss’s Law
Gauss’s Law
Expression for Q (difference case / symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / symmetry)
Point Charge
Expression for Q (difference case / symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / not symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / not symmetry)
Expression for Q (difference case / not symmetry)
Divergence

Divergence is an operator which is performed on vector

and that’s results in scalar quantity.

● It tells how much flux is entering or leaving a small

volume (or a point) per unit volume.
● Divergence is just the flux per unit volume , or “flux
density”
○ Divergence= Flux / volume
○ Its states that the sum of all sources minus the sum
of all sinks gives the net flow out of a region
Types of Divergence
Types of Divergence
● Zero Divergence
No net flux inside the region or
volume.
● Positive Divergence
Divergence of vector field is
positive if vector diverges or
spred out given point
Types of Divergence

● Negative DIvergence
Divergence of vector field is called
negative if vector converges at that
given point.
DIvergence of Vector FIeld

Divergence of vector field

A is measured of how
much a vector field
converges to or diverges
from a given point in
volume.

The divergence of a
vector field A is defined
as Div A :-
Divergence