Surname & initials: NS WALULU

Student Number: 222948460

Group: A

Practical Number: 6

Date: 25/7/ 2021

Qualification: Diploma in Electrical Engineering

Subject Name: Workshop Practice

Subject code: WSP216D

Project Heading: direct online starting of a three-Phase Transformer

Lecture: Zikalala DP

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1. Abstract

In this case of starting full supply voltage is connected to the motor.

This starter doesn’t provide any reduction in starting current or starting torque.

For small size motor (less than 2 HP) where starting torque is about twice the full-load torque and
starting period lasts only a few seconds, this type starter is used.

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2. Index

1 Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………….Page 2

2 Index……………………………………………………………………………………………………Page 3

3 Purpose……………………………………………………………………………………………….Page 4

4 Project Design…………………………………………………………………………………….Page 4

4.1 Equipment……………………………………………………………………………………..Page 4

4.2 Part list…………………………………………………………………………………………..Page 4

4.3 Circuit Diagram……………………………………………………………………………..Page 4

4.4 Wiring list………………………………………………………………………………………Page 5

4.5 Procedures…………………………………………………………………………………….Page 5

4.6 Safety Procedures………………………………………………………………………….Page 5

5. Results and/or Findings……………………………………………………………………..Page 5 6 & 7

6 Comments and Conclusion…………………………………………………………………Page 7

7 Literature review……………………………………………………………………………….Page 8

8 Appendix A………………………………………………………………………………………..Page 8 3 Purpose

The aim of the experiment is to perform the direct-on-line starting of a three-phase induction
motor.

4 Project Design

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4.1 Equipment

1 x three-phase induction motor,

Direct-on-line starter, and Connections

leads.

4.2 Part list

AC Supply

Transformer

Connection leads

4.3 Circuit Diagram

Fig. 6.1: Direct-on-line starter wiring diagram

4.4 Wiring list

• Connect the circuit as shown in the diagram and take the measurements as instructed
and record them in the tables provided.
• Switch on the Ac supply.

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 • Connect wires to the transformer
• Use the wattmeter to get readings

4.5 Procedure

Make the connection as shown in the circuit diagram.

Connect the motor in Star and switch ON the DOL starter and instantly note down the initial
current.

When motor attain the rated speed note down the voltage, current and speed of the motor.

Switch OFF the power supply and disconnect the motor

4.6 Safety Procedure

All connections should be tight.

The circuit should be according to the circuit diagram.

Do not touch the naked connection, it may give a shock.

The power should be on when the circuit is checked completely.

5. Results and/or Findings

Table 6.1: Motor Name Plate Information

PARAMETERS RATED VALUES

Voltage [V] 400

Current [A] 1.06

Power [kW] 0.37

Power Factor [ -] 0.75

Speed [rev/min] 1340

Number of poles [-] 4

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5.1What are the working principles of the direct online (DOL) starter?

• To start the motor, start push button is pressed. After that, the main power contactor coil
energized due to electromechanical action and this latch contactor pole.it applies full line
voltage to the motor terminals. and the motor starts running. The motor will draw a very
high inrush current for a short time.

• As the motor accelerates and head toward the full speed, current begins to drop but it
will not drop significantly till motor achieved full speed, about 85% of synchronous speed.

• The motor load will affect the time taken for the motor to accelerate to full speed and
therefore the duration of high starting current, but it will not affect the magnitude of
starting current.

• the torque developed by motor exceeds the load torque at all speeds during the start
cycle, the motor will reach full speed. If the torque developed by the motor is less than
the torque of load at any speed during the start period. the motor stops accelerating.

• If motor torque developed by DOL Motor starter is less for load, then the motor must be
replaced by the motor which can develop high starting torque.

5.2 Briefly describe the direct online starter (DOL).

A DOL starter essentially consists of a contactor having four normally open (N. O.) contacts and a
contractor coil also known as no-volt coil. There are two push buttons ON and OFF which are
used to start and stop the motor. To protect motor against over load, thermal or magnetic over-
load coils are connected in each phase.To start the motor, the ON push button is pressed which
energizes the no-volt coil by connecting it across two phases. The no volt coil pulls its plunger in
such a direction that all the normally open (N.O.) contacts are closed and the motor is connected
across supply through three contacts. The fourth contact serves as a hold on contact which keeps
the no-volt coil circuit even after the ON push button is released. Ton stop the motor, OFF push
button is pressed momentarily which deenergizes the no-volt coil opening the main contacts.

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5.3 What are the components or parts of the DOL starter?

• Contactors & Coil. DOL part -Contactor

• Over Load Relay (Overload protection)

• Main Contact

• Relay Coil Connection

• Thermal Overload Relay Connection

• Pushing Start Button

• Release Start Button

• Pushing Stop Button

5.4 What the different applications of a DOL starter

• Industrial Usage

• Infrastructure networks

• Buildings (Including Smart Buildings)

• Automotive sector

• DOL starting and stopping of a motor 5.5 What are the advantages of a DOL
starter?

• Simple and most economical starter.

• More comfortable to design, operate and control.

• Provides nearly full starting torque at starting.

• Easy to understand and troubleshoot.

• DOL starter connects the supply to the delta winding of the motor.

5.6 are the disadvantage of a DOL starter?

• High starting current (5-8 times of full load current).

• DOL Starter causes a significant dip in voltage, hence suitable only for small motors.
• DOL Starter reduces the lifespan of the machine.
• Mechanically tough.
• Unnecessary high starting torque

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6. Comments and/or Conclusion

The various components of DOL Starter are being studied and their working strategies and
implementation methodologies are worked upon. An effort is being made to study the relative
efficiency. Accuracy and processing time for each component is tried to understand.

7.Literature review

Lecture’s notes 8.Appendix

A

https://www.electrical4u.com/induction-motor-types-of-induction-motor/
https://www.bing.com/search?form=MOZTSB&pc=MOZD&q=induction+motor
https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/direct-on-line-dol-motor-

starter#:~:text=Disadvantages%20of%20DOL%20Starter%20It%20does%20not%20reduce,Stres
s%20on%20the%20motor%2C%20thereby%20reducing%20its%20life.

https://www.electrical4u.com/direct-online-starter-or-dol-
starter/#:~:text=The%20advantages%20of%20a%20DOL%20starter%20include%3A%20Simple,c
ontrol.%20Provides%20nearly%20full%20starting%20torque%20at%20starting.