This graphical representation is extremely useful because it enables you

to visualize the relationships between the normal and shear stresses

acting on various inclined planes at a point in a stressed body.
Using Mohr’s Circle you can also calculate principal stresses, maximum
shear stresses and stresses on inclined planes.
NUMERICAL
Given Data:-
σ1 = 120 N/mm2 (Tensile),
σ2 = 60 N/mm2 (Tensile), θ = 30o

Scale:- 1cm = 10 N/mm2

Then σ1 = 120/10 = 12 cm
σ2 = 60/10 = 6 cm
σ1 = 120 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 12 cm, σ2 = 60 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 6cm, θ = 30o Scale:- 1cm = 10 N/mm2

Theoretical Results 1. Take any point A and

σn = 105 N/mm2 E draw a horizontal line
σt = 25.98 N/mm2 through A.
σR = 108.16 N/mm2
2. Take AB = σ1 = 12 cm

DE = 2.60 cm
and AC = σ2 = 6 cm

σt
3. With BC as diameter
(i.e. BC = 12-6 = 6cm)
ф θ 2θ describe a circle.
A. B
C 4. Let “O” is the centre of
O D the circle. Draw a circle
σ2 (6 cm)
AD = 10.50 cm σn with radius 6 cm
5. Through O, draw a line
σ1 (12 cm) OE making an angle 2θ
(i.e 2 x 30 = 60o with
MOHR’S CIRCLE OB.
6. From E, draw ED
Then, perpendicular to CB.
1. Normal Stress = Length AD x Scale
7. Join AE & EC
= 10.50 x 10 = 105 N/mm2
2. Tangential or Shear stress = Length ED x Scale 8. Measure
= 2.60 x 10 = 26 N/mm2 Length AD = 10.50 cm
Check the Length ED = 2.60 cm
3. Resultant Stress = Length AE x Scale results with
= 10.82 x 10 = 108.2 N/mm2 Length AE = 10.82 cm
the solution
MOHR’S CIRCLE
MOHR’S PROOF
CIRCLE PROOF
 IMPORTANT POINTS

E
σR
σt
ф 2θ
A
Min Normal Stress σn = σ2 C O D B

σn

Max Normal Stress σn = σ1

 E
σR
σt max. σt
ф ф 2θ
A
C O D B
σ2

σn

σ1
 NUMERICAL

NUMERICAL
σ1 = 200 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 10 cm, σ2 = -100 N/mm2 (Comp.) = 5cm, θ = 30o Scale:- 1cm = 20 N/mm2

Theoretical Results 1. Take any point A and

σn = 125 N/mm2 MOHR’S CIRCLE
draw a horizontal line
σt = 129.9 N/mm2
σR = 180.27 N/mm2 y
through A on both sides.
(σt)max = 129.9 N/mm2 2. Take AB = σ1 = 10 cm
ф = 46o 6’ E and AC = σ2 = -5 cm
Check the 3. With BC as diameter
results with (i.e. OB = 7.5 cm)
the solution describe a circle.

6.5 cm (σt)
4. Let “O” is the centre of
the circle. Draw a circle
with OB or OC
ф 2θ =60o
C θ B x 5. Through O, draw a line
OE making an angle 2θ
O (i.e 2 x 30 = 60o with
A 6.25 cm (σn)
D
OB.
σ2= -5cm σ1 = 10 cm 6. From E, draw ED
(100) (200) perpendicular to CB.
Compressive
(-) Tensile 7. Join AE & EC
(+)
ф = 46o 8. Measure
Length AD = 6.25 cm
σn = Length AD x Scale σR = Length AE x Scale σt = Length ED x Scale Length ED = 6.5 cm
= 6.25 x 20 = 9.0 x 20 = 6.5 x 20 Length AE = 9.0 cm
= 125 N/mm2 = 180 N/mm2 = 130 N/mm2
NUMERICAL
σ1 = 65 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 6.5 cm, σ2 = 35 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 3.5 cm, Scale:- 1cm = 10 N/mm2
Ʈ = 25 N/mm2 (Shear Stress) = 2.5 cm , θ = 45o

Check the 1. Take any point A and

Theoretical Results MOHR’S CIRCLE
σn = 75N/mm2 results with draw a horizontal line
σt = 15 N/mm2 the solution through A.
2. Take AB = σ1 = 6.5 cm
G and AC = σ2 = 3.5 cm
3. Draw perpendicular at B
Ʈ = 2.5cm & C and cut off BF &
(25) E CG = Ʈ = 2.5cm
4. Let “O” is the centre of
7.5 cm (σn) the circle at

1.5 cm (σt)
intersection. Draw a
circle with OF or OG
A ф B M 5. Through O, draw a line
OE making an angle 2θ
σ2 = 3.5 cm L C O D (i.e 2 x 45 =90o with OF.

Ʈ = 2.5 cm
(25)
(35) 6. From E, draw ED
σ1 = 6.5cm perpendicular to AB.
(65) 7. Join AE
F

σn = Length AD x Scale 8. Measure

σt = Length ED x Scale
= 7.5 x 10 Length AD = 7.5 cm
= 1.5 x 10
= 75 N/mm2 = 15 N/mm2 Length ED = 1.5 cm
σ1 = 20 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 10 cm, σ2 = 10 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 5 cm, Scale:- 1cm = 2 N/mm2
Ʈ = 10 N/mm2 (Shear Stress) = 5 cm

Major Principal stresses = Length AM x Scale MOHR’S CIRCLE 1. Take any point A and
= 13.1 x 2 draw a horizontal line
= 26.2 N/mm2 Location of principal planes through A.
2θ = 63.7o, θ = 31.85o
2. Take AB = σ1 = 10 cm
and AC = σ2 = 5 cm
3. Draw perpendicular at B
G & C and cut off BF &
Ʈ = 5cm CG = Ʈ = 5cm
(10) 4. Let “O” is the centre of
13.1 cm
the circle at
intersection. Draw a
1.91 cm 63.7o circle with OF or OG
A L B M 5. Mark M & L at the
intersection of circle on
C O
σ2 = 5 cm AB

Ʈ = 5 cm
6. Measure

10)
(10)
σ1 = 10 cm Length AM = 13.17.5
cm
(20) Length AL = 1.91 cm
F

Minor Principal stresses = Length AL x Scale 7. Measure angle 2θ

Second Principal Plane
= 1.91 x 2 θ + 90o = 121.85o
angle FOB = 63.7o
= 9.82 N/mm2
σ1 = 30 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 15 cm, σ2 = 10 N/mm2 (Tensile) = 5 cm, Scale:- 1cm = 2 N/mm2
Ʈ = 10 N/mm2 (Shear Stress) = 5 cm

MOHR’S CIRCLE 1. Take any point A and

Major Principal stresses = Length AM x Scale draw a horizontal line
= 17.1 x 2 Location of principal planes
through A.
= 34.2 N/mm2 H 2θ = 45 , θ = 22.5
o o

2. Take AB = σ1 = 15 cm
and AC = σ2 = 5 cm
Max. 3. Draw perpendicular at B
G
Shear & C and cut off BF &
Ʈ = 5cm Stress CG = Ʈ = 5 cm
(10)
4. Let “O” is the centre of
17.1 cm
the circle at
intersection. Draw a
2.93 cm circle with OF or OG
45o
A L B M 5. Mark M & L at the
intersection of circle on
C O
σ2 = 5 cm AB

Ʈ = 5 cm
6. Measure

10)
(10)
σ1 = 15 cm Length AM = 7.5 cm
Length AL = 1.5 cm
(30)
F 7. Measure angle 2θ
angle FOB = 45o
Minor Principal stresses = Length AL x Scale Second Principal Plane 8. Ʈmax = Length OH x
= 2.93 x 2 θ + 90o = 112.5o Scale
= 5.86 N/mm2 = 7.05 X 20 = 14.1 N/mm2