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Dosage Forms: Non Aqueous Liquids
Dosage Forms: Non Aqueous Liquids
JLF 1
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
Procedure
1. Dissolve ammonium carbonate in strong
ammonia solution and 6 mL of purified water
2. Agitate. Stand for 24 hours
3. In another container, dissolve all the volatile
oils in alcohol
4. Gradually add the mixtures (1 and 3) together
5. Add enough water to make 30 mL
6. Stand for 24 hours. Agitating occasionally
7. If turbidity occurs, filter it
Add water to final volume 30 mL
Label
• Red label
Container
• 30 mL amber bottle
Remarks
• Preserve in tight, light resistant container, at
a temperature not exceeding 30°C. During
inhalation, place a small amount of the spirit
between your fingers to but it. Approximately
4 inches away from the nostrils, inhale the
spirit.
JLF 2
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
JLF 1
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
SPECIAL NOTES
Sodium iodide
• Solubilizing agent (increase solubility of the
iodine crystals)
JLF 2
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
Iodine
• NaI will react with I2 to form NaI3 thus, I2 will
not react with alcohol, ethyl iodide, aldehyde,
and hydrogen iodide.
Ethyl iodide
• Ethyl iodide will decrease the activity of the
iodine
• Without NaI, Iodine will only react with ethyl
alcohol and it will produce your ethyl iodide
• Ethyl iodide decreases the bacteriostatic
activity of your Iodine
• If hydroiodic acid was formed, the solution
would be moved when applied to wounds
JLF 3
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
JLF 1
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
JLF 2
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
JLF 3
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
MEL 1
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
METHOD OF PREPARATION
1. Wet or English Dictates the nature
Of emulsion (O/W
or W/O)
2. Dry gum or Continental
External phase – contains larger amount
Primary nucleus – the similarity of both
Internal phase – contains smaller amount
methods are they are prepared in one direction
2. Multiple
(e.g., clockwise trituration method all throughout
a. O/W/O (oil-water-oil)
the procedure with the aid of mortar and pestle),
• Contains both oil in water
creamy, sticky mixture with cracking sound. Both
and water in oil type and
preparations are considered good by using the
this requires use of at
ratio, 4:2:1 (4 parts of Oil, 2 parts of Water: 1 part
least two surfactants or
of Emulsifying Agent).
two emulsifying agents in
order to stabilize the
English method – uses an emulsifying agent
system.
but you have to add water first to form mucilage.
• One with a low Consequently, the oil is slowly incorporated to
hydrophilic-lipophilic
form the emulsion.
balance for the HLB value
of the emulsifying agent to Dry gum method – the emulsifying agent
stabilize the primary water
(acacia) is mixed with the oil before the addition
in oil type of emulsion. of water.
• And the other stabilizing
agent for the system is 3. Bottle or Forbes Volatile oil (2:2L2 – done
with high HLB value to by shaking vigorously). The emulsion is
stabilize the secondary oil prepared directly in the container itself.
in water type.
b. W/O/W (water-oil-water) The emulsifying agent (acacia) is mixed with the
• Contains both water in oil oil before the addition of water. A portion of 2
and oil in water type of the parts of volatile oil is added with 2 parts of water
simple emulsion. and 1 part of emulsifying agent.
• Also requires the use of
two emulsifying agents in
order to stabilize the
system.
3. Microemulsion
a. thermodynamically stable – separation
won’t happen even in the long period of
time, thus it is the most stable of the three
b. dispersed phase is in very small globules
c. has an appearance of transparent
MEL 2
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
MEL 3
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
Syrup 100 mL 3 mL
Vanillin 40 mg 1.2 mg
Alcohol 60 mL 1.8 mL
4. Fluorescence Test
• Oil can absorb UV light -> W/O Purified 1000 mL 30.00 mL
water, qs ad
• W/O - If an emulsion upon exposure to
UV radiation shows a continuous
MEL 4
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
VII. Procedure
• Dry gum
i. Triturate mineral oil
ii. Add emulsifying agent in portion
and triturate
iii. Add water and triturate
iv. Add syrup in portion in trituration
v. Add vanillin, previously dissolved
in alcohol, in portion with
trituration
vi. Add enough water to 30mL
• Wet gum
i. Triturate emulsifying agent
ii. Add water (all at once) and
continue triturating
iii. Add oil in portion with trituration
iv. Add syrup in portion with
trituration
v. Add vanillin previously in portion
dissolved in alcohol in portion with
trituration
vi. Add enough water to make 30mL
VIII. Label
• White label with shake well
IX. Container
• 30mL wide mouthed amber bottle
X. Remarks
• Mineral oil as cathartic
• Acacia as a suspending or an
emulsifying agent
• Syrup as sweetening agent
• Vanillin as a flavorant
MEL 5
DOSAGE FORMS
Laboratory \ SECOND SEMESTER
MIXTURES V. Formulation
• Aqueous liquid preparation which contains which Precipitated chalk 60 g 0.9 g
lesson (Insoluble solid)
contains suspended (suspensoid) insoluble solid
substances. Glycerin 100 mL 1.5 mL
• Aqueous liquid preparation means that the (Viscosity modifier/
thickening agent; ensures
dispersing medium is water.
that precipitated chalk
• The insoluble substance maybe help in suspension remain suspended in the
by the use of suitable suspending or thickening agent mixture)
(aka viscosity modifying agents) since the insoluble Cinnamon water 400 mL 6 mL
substance does not make the mixture very viscous. Purified water, qs ad 1000 mL 15.0 mL
INSOLUBLE SUBSTANCES
• Should be in very finely divided state and it must be Computations
lesson
uniformly distributed throughout the preparation. 60 𝑔 𝑥
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑘 = =
• The particle size shouldIN
be adequately reduced 1000 𝑚𝐿 15 𝑚𝐿
SURNAME/S 1
DOSAGE FORMS 619
Laboratory \ SECOND SEMESTER
SURNAME/S 2
DOSAGE FORMS
Lecture \ SECOND SEMESTER
PREPARATION
Preparation22:
22:ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE
Aluminum H droxide GelGEL
GELS
Ge layer. It affects both red and blue
I Introduction
d ci litmus paper slightly but is not
Suspension, in a water medium of reddened by phenolphthalein.
insoluble drugs in hydrated form U e/ :
wherein, the particle si e It is used primarily as an antacid,
approaches or attain colloidal knowing it contains hydroxide,
dimension (without systemic alkalosis) in the
Thixotrophy - displaced higher management of hyperacidity, peptic
viscosity in a semi solid state on ulcer, gastritis and esophagitis. It is
standing and become low viscous also used as skin protectant and
liquid upon agitation. mild astringent. May cause
If undistributed for some time, they constipation.
may become semisolid or gelatinous
with some small amount of water FORMULATION:
separating on standing, if
distributed/shaken/ agitated, they ORIGINAL COMPUTED
Original Computed
liquefy AMOUNT Amount
Amount AMOUNT
Very fine particle si e- in colloidal
dimension, to achieve large surface Ammonium 800 g 212g g
and thus maximum adsorption alum
capacity
Sodium 1000 g 15 g
May contain peppermint oil, glycerin, Carbonate
sorbitol, sucrose, saccharin or other
suitable flavor and preservative in a Peppermint 0.01%0.01 (0.01
0.01% % 0.01%
0.003 g
total amount of not exceeding 0.5% oil g / 100 mL) (0.003 g)
Preparation
PREPARATION 22:22: AluminumHYDROXIDE
ALUMINUM H droxide Gel
GEL
Labe :
White label with shake well note to
attain uniform content
C ai e :
60mL wide mouth amber bottle
Re a k :
The method of preparation used was
Here is how tha Hydroxide produced: chemical reaction. It produces no
systemic alkalosis.
Aluminum compounds decrease the
From the sodium carbonate, put it in a hot absorption of certain drugs because
60 mL water to reproduce Sodium they form a Kelate with other metals
Hydroxide plus Carbon dioxide. like antibiotics - tetracycline.Also, it
decreases the adsorption of
P ced e aluminum compounds when you
1. Calibrate final bottle to 30mL take the product because it contains
2. Dissolve sodium carbonate in 60mL hot Calcium. Do not eat metal products
water & filter; as this preparation is together with dairy products.
suspension, therefore, there will be a lot of It also interferes with the deframing
insoluble substances in the gel. So, Sodium action of simethicone.
carbonate will become Sodium hydroxide in These compounds are also
the making. constipating. Sodium ben oate is
3. Dissolve alum in 30mL of hot water used as a preservative.
4. Filter the alum solution in the carbonate
solution
5. Add 60mL hot water with stirring to allow
gas / Carbon dioxide escape from the
solution for 5 minutes.
6. Dilute to 1200mL with cold water. Stand.
Decant
7. Filter and wash residue with 10mL cold
water
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___________________________________________________________________________
JDML 21 2
DOSAGE FORMS 619
Laboratory \ SECOND SEMESTER
KDP 1
DOSAGE FORMS 619
Laboratory \ SECOND SEMESTER
VII. Procedure
1. Dilute bentonite magma with an equal
volume of calcium hydroxide topical
solution
2. Mix calamine and zinc oxide alternately
with glycerin to form a smooth paste
3. Add 7.5mL of diluted magma
4. Triturate and add the remaining magma
5. Add enough calcium hydroxide topical
solution to complete volume
VIII. Label: Red Label with shake well
IX. Container: 15 mL plastic prescription bottle
with sufficient room to able vigorous
shaking.
KDP 2
DOSAGE FORMS 619
Laboratory \ SECOND SEMESTER
JNL 1
DOSAGE FORMS 619
Laboratory \ SECOND SEMESTER
Notes:
Captopril tablet
• Active ingredient
Cherry flavorant
• Flavoring agent
Disodium edetate
• Used as a stabilizer
• Needed in doing liquid preparations
Simple syrup
• Vehicle
JNL 2