tpaumif;rStaESmif;aocsm

vkyfief;wpfckudkaqmif&Guf&mwGif pwifaqmif&Gufaom
pDrHrIaumif;rSomvQif aemufydkif; aqmif&Gufonfhudpö&yfrsm;onf
tqifajyacsmarGUpGm aqmif&GufEdkifrSmjzpfNyD; rdrdvdkcsifonfh
&nf&G,f csufyefwdkif;udk vSrf;udkifEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/
*syefEdkifiHwGifBuHKawGUcJh&aomtawGUtBuHKt& *syefvlrsdK;
rsm;onf pDrH Plan? jyKvkyf Do? oHk;oyf See (PDS cycle method) enf;vrf;udk
vkyfief;wdkif;wGif toHk;jyK avh&SdMuygonf/ t*Fvdyfpum;yHkwpfcku
azmfjyonfrSm “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.’ ]]oifonf pDrHrIwGif
ysufuGufcJhvQif usqHk;&eftwGuf pDrHaejcif;jzpfonf}}[líjzpfygonf/
ADG'D,dk&dkuful;xkwfvkyf jcif;qdkif&m pmtkyfwpftkyfwGif “Every minute
spent in planning saves ten in execution.” ]]pDrHrIwGif toHk;cscJhaom rdepfwdkif;onf
aqmif&Gufjcif;wGif 10 rdepfudk a>cwmEdkifygonf}}[líjzpfonf/ wenf;
tm;jzifh ]]pDrHrIwGif aiGwpfusyftoHk;jyKcJhvQif aqmif&Gufjcif;wGif
aiG 10 usyfudk a>cwmEdkifonf}} [k ,lqEdkifygonf/ xdkYaMumifh
vkyfief;wpfckudkaqmif&Guf&mwGif pDrHrItydkif;onf
tvGefta&;BuD;aMumif; odomEdkifygonf/
ADG'D,dkZmwfvrf;rsm;udk &dkuful;xkwfvkyf&mwGif tydkif; (3)
ydkif;jzifh pOf;pm;pDpOfavh&SdMuygonf/ 4if;wdkYrSm
(1) tBudKxkwfvkyfjcif; Pre production
(2) xkwfvkyfjcif; Production
(3) aemufydkif;xkwfvkyfjcif; Post production ponfwdkYjzpfygonf/

tBudKxkwfvkyfjcif;tydkif;onf pDrHrItydkif;yifjzpfygonf/
þtydkif;wGif aocsmpGm aqmif&GufEdkif ygrS
aemufydkif;&dkuful;xkwfvkyfonfhtydkif;rsm;wGifvnf;
tqifajyacsmarGUpGm aqmif&GufEdkifrSmjzpfNyD; ukefusp&dwfrsm;yg
a>cwmEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/ xdkYtjyif rdrdxkwfvkyfaomZmwfvrf;rsm;onfvnf;
pDrHrI aumif;cJhvQif t&nftaoG;jynfh0NyD; y&dwfowftBudKufrsm;aom
Zmwfvrf;rsm; jzpfvmEdkifzG,f&Sdyg onf/
tBudKxkwfvkyfjcif;tydkif;wGif tcef;u@oHk;&yfjzifh
aqmif&Gufavh&SdMuygonf/ 4if;wdkYrSm –
(u) pDrHjcif;
(c) ZmwfnTef;a&;om;jcif;
(*) &kyfESifhtoHudkazmfjyaom pwdk&Dbkwfa&;om;jcif; ponfjzifh
tydkif; (3) ydkif;&SdMuygonf/
(u) pDrHjcif;

1
 pDrHjcif;tqifhwGif tcsuf (3) csufudk pOf;pm;&ygrnf/ (1)
bmtaMumif;t&mudk wifjyrSmvJ? (2)&nf&G,faom y&dwfowfrsm;u
rnfolawGvJ? (3)rdrd\&nf&G,fcsufubmvJ ponfwdkYudk jywfom;
xif&Sm;pGm odjrifxm;&ygrnf/ xdktcsufrsm;udk xif&Sm;pGm
BudKwifodjrifxm;jcif;r&SdvQif rdrd\Zmwf vrf;onf
aumif;rGefaomZmwfvrf;jzpfrvmEdkifyg/
(1) bmtaMumif;t&mudk wifjyrSmvJ
rdrdwifjycsifaom taMumif;t&mudk aoaocsmcsm od&Sd&ygrnf/
rdrdwifjycsifaom taMumif; t&mudk aoaocsmcsmrodonfhtwGuf
Zmwfum;wpfum;vHk;udk zsufqD;ypfvdkufaom Zmwf0ifcef; tcsdKUudk
wifjyvkdygonf/
yxrOD;pGmwifjyvkdonfrSm a0zefjcif; Criticizing r[kwfyg?
tuJjzwfoHk;oyfjcif; Evaluation om jzpfygonf/ a0zefjcif;onf tjypfudk&Smí
tuJjzwfoHk;oyfjcif;onf tusdK;w&m;\aemufuG,frS taMumif;w&m;rsm;udk
&SmazGygonf/ xdkYaemuf aumif;aomtusdK;w&m;rsm;\ aemufuG,frS
taMumif;w&m;rsm;udk jyefvnftoHk;csí raumif;aomtusdK;w&m;rsm;\
aemufuG,frS taMumif; w&m;rsm;udk jyefvnfrGrf;rHítoHk;csjcif;
odkYr[kwf aemufxyfaqmif&GufonfhtcgwGif ryg0ifatmif z,f&Sm;jcif;jzifh
jyefvnftoHk;csjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh a0zefjcif;xuf
tuJjzwfoHk;oyfjcif; u ydkrdkíaumif;rGefygonf/
Zmwfvrf;xJwGif rif;orD;onf
wpfjcm;wpfa,mufESifhorD;&nf;pm;jzpfaeonf/ rif;om;u
rif;orD;tem;rSmae&aom vli,fwpfa,mufjzpfonf/ rif;om;onf
rif;orD;\&nf;pm;vufatmuf wGif tvkyfvkyfae&onf/ rif;orD;\&nf;pm;onf
wpfjcm;wpfa,mufESifhwGJaeaomaMumifh rif;orD; onf
olrtem;wGif&Sdaom rif;om;udk ckd;ajy;&ef apckdif;cJhonf/ odkYESifh
rif;om;ESifhrif;orD;ckd;ajy; Muonf/ uav;wpfa,muf&onf/ xkduav;u
rif;orD;\yx&nf;pm;ESifh&aomuav;jzpfonf/ rif;orD;\&nfpm;u rif;om;udk
rauseyfí owf&efBudK;pm;onf/ owfvJowfcJhygonf/ rif;om;'Pf &m&NyD;
aq;&Hka&mufaecsdefwGif rif;orD;u uav;udkayGUcsnfNyD; tem;rSm
idk,dkNyD; pum;ajymaeygonf/ wHcg;0em;wGif rif;orD;&nf;pm;uvnf;
a&mufvmNyD; rif;orD;pum;ajymoHudk Mum;&NyD; olUuav;
jzpfaMumif;od&SdoGm;onf/ Zmwfvrf;uMunfhaumif;aeonf/
wifjycsifaomtaMumif;t&mudk y&dwf owfuvnf; jrifaeNyD/ odkYaomf ------
vHk;0vHk;0udk xifrSwfrxm;aom jyuGufwpfckudk 'g&dkufwmu
vkyfcsvdkufygonf/ ]]atmifjrif oGm;NyD}} [laomtoHBuD;ESifhtwl
av;bufav;wefrS oHk;xyfom;vkd tumt&HBuD;jzifh o&kyfaqmif aeMuaom
aq;&HktwkBuD;udk tjrifha'gifh&dkufcsuf High Angle jzifh
2
&dkufjyvkdufygawmhonf/ Munfh½Iol rsm;u b,fvdkjrifMurnfenf;/
ADG'D,dk&dkuful;xkwfvkyfjcif;enf;ynmudk em;rvnfaom
uRefawmhftrsdK; orD;onfyifvQif ]]][if bmBuD;vJ[}} [laom
toHxGufoHudkyif Mum;vdkuf&ygonf/ Zmwfvrf;ESifh
roufqdkifaomtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk rjyvQiftaumif;qHk;jzpfygonf/
rqdkifwmudk Munfhvdkuf&onfh twGuf a&SUrSMunfcJh&aom
Zmwfvrf;wpfckvHk;onf oJxJa&oGefovdkjzpfoGm;ygonf/
aMumfjimwpfck&Sdygao;onf/ ausmufacwfvlom;rsm;udk
&dkufjypOfu ]]0l;0l;0g;0g;? *g;*g;}} qdkayr,fhvnf; aumif;rGefpGm
cHpm;vdkY&ygonf/ 'g&dkufwm\wifjycsifaomtaMumif;t&mudkvnf;
aocsmjrifygonf/ odkYaomf NyD;cgeD;rS vlpum;udk yDyDjyifjyif
ajymqdkaeoHudkMum;&awmh t&omysuf oGm;ygonf/ wnf;jzwfolu
rjzwfrdcJhvkdYaerSm [k xifrdygonf/
xkd'g&dkufwmrsm;onf txufygtqHk;owfESpfckudk bmhaMumifh
xdkuJhodkY&dkufMuonfudk uRefawmf rodyg/
olwdkYtaMumif;jycsufESifholwdkU &Sdrnfxifygonf/ odkYaomf
y&dwfowfwpfOD;taejzifh xdktqHk; owfESpfckudk
cHpm;vdkYr&wmawmhtrSefyifjzpfygonf/ xdkYtjyif
xdktqHk;owfrsm;aMumifh a&SUrSMunfhcJh& aomtaMumif;t&mrsm;\
&oonfvnf; ysufys,foGm;cJh&ygonf/
xkdYaMumifh ]]rdrdwifjyvdkaomtaMumif;t&mubmvJ}}
qdkwmudkodzdkYonf tvGefta&;BuD;yg onf/
udk&D;,m;'g&dkufwmrsm;onf vdr®myg;eyfMuygonf/
a*gufuGif;taMumif;udkwifjyvkdvQif a*guf uGif;xJrSvlrsm;udk
Zmwfvdkuftjzpfxm;Muygonf/ vufa0SUtaMumif;udkwifjyvdkvQifvnf;
rif;om;udk vufa0SYxkd;oltjzpf zefwD;vkdufygonf/ xdkenf;wl av,mOfuGif;?
tpm;taomuf? &dk;&m,Ofaus;rI? t0wftpm; ponfjzifh
4if;wdkYwifjycsifaomtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk Zmwfvrf;xJodkUyg0ifatmif
xnfh wwfMuygonf/
(2) &nf&G,faom y&dwfowfrsm;u rnfolawGvJ
ADG'D,dkZmwfvrf;wpfckudk rxkwfvkyfcif rdrdZmwfvrf;udk
Munfh½IMurnfh rdrd\y&dwfowfrsm; taMumif;udk aocsmpGm
od&Sdxm;&ygrnf/ odkYrSom
rdrdy&dwfowfESifhudkufnDaomZmwfvrf;rsm;udk xkwf
vkyfEdkifrSmjzpfNyD; rdrdxkwfvkyfaomZmwfvrf;rsm;onfvnf;
y&dwfowftv,fwGif atmifjrifausmfMum; rnfjzpfygonf/

vlom;t&if;tjrpfzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;qdkif&mpdkufysdK;ynmay;pDrHu
3
def;wGif jrefrmjynfNrdKUe,ftcsdKUodkY oifwef;om;rsm;\vkyfief;rsm;udk
BuD;MuyfuGyfuJ&eftpDtpOfjzifh c&D;xGufcJhpOfu
jrefrmADG'D,dkavmu udk waphwapmif;avhvmMunfhcJh&m
udk&D;,m;Zmwfvrf;rsm;\ vTrf;rdk;rIonf tawmfav;c&D;a&mufae onfudk
awGU&Sd&ygonf/ uRefawmfhtazudk,fwdkifyif
udk&D;,m;Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk arQmfaewwfcJhNyD/
jrefrm'g&dkufwmrsm;u rnfonfhy&dwfowfrsm;udk &nf&G,fNyD;
Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk &dkuful;aeMu onfudk uRefawmfrodyg/
udk&D;,m;'g&dkufwmrsm;\Zmwfvrf;rsm;uawmh jrefrmjynfy&dwfowfudk
vTrf;rdk;aeNyDqdkwm vlwdkif;jrifaeMuygonf/ xdkYxufruao;bJ
udk;&D;,m;Zmwfum;rsm;onf tar&d uefaps;uGufudk
xkd;azmuf0ifa&mufaeMuaMumif; tifwmeufwGif awGUaeygNyD/
xkdYaMumifhudk&D;,m; 'g&dkufwmrsm;onf urÇmYy&dwfowfudk
&nf&G,faeMuNyD[k cefYrSef;Edkifygonf/
jrefrm'g&dkufwmrsm;onf drama Zmwfvrf;rsm;odyfNyD;r&dkufMubJ
[moZmwfvrf;rsm;om &dkuful;aeMuygonf/ bmhaMumifh
[moZmwfum;rsm;csnf;yJ &dkufaeMuwmvJqdkonfhtajzudk
pOf;pm;Munfhrdygonf/ jrefrmy&dwfowfrsm;taejzifh drama
Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk rESpfoufMuawmhwm r[kwfyg/ rBudKufMuawmhwmvJ
r[kwfyg/ rMunfhcsifMuawmhwmvJ r[kwfyg/ y&dwfowfrsm;taejzifh drama
Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk MunfhcsifaeMuygonf/ xdkodkYqdkvQif
jrefrm'g&dkufwmrsm;u bmhaMumifhrsm; drama Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk
r&dkufMuwmvJ/
uRefawmf,lqonfrSm jrefrm drama Zmwfvrf;rsm;ae&mwGif
udk&D;,m;Zmwfvrf;rsm;u ae&m ,lvmMuaomaMumifhjzpfonf[k xifrdygonf/
xdkYaMumifh jrefrm drama Zmwfvrf;rsm;u aemufqkwf ay;vkduf&NyD;
wenf; ae&may;vkduf&NyD; jrefrmwdkYonf [moZmwfvrf;rsm;bufudk
vSnfhoGm;ae&onf [k ,lqxifjrifrdygonf/ opfom;xJwGif oH&dkufvQif
oHuydkrdkrmausmonfhtwGuf opfom;u ae&m z,fay;vdkuf&ouJhodkY
jrefrm drama Zmwfvrf;rsm;xuf ydkrdkaumif;rGefaom
udk&D;,m;Zmwfvrf;rsm; 0if a&mufvmaomtcg jrefrmwdkYu
ae&may;vkdufMu&ygonf/ jrefrmy&dwfowfrsm;awmifhwMuonfh drama
Zmwfvrf;MunfhcsifonfhqE´uawmh jynfh0aeqJyifjzpfygonf/
a&S;tcguvdk vufeufjzifh e,fcsJUjcif;onf odom\/ media
jzifhe,fcsJUjcif;onf rodomay/ jrefrmvlrsdK;wpfa,muftaejzifh
jrefrmZmwfvrf;rsm;ae&mwGif udk&D;,m;Zmwfvrf;rsm; 0ifa&mufae&m
,ljcif;udk rcHcsifjzpfrdygonf/ tu,fírsm; udk&D;,m;'g&dkufwmrsm;onf
[moum;rsm; &dkuful;xkwf vkyfvmNyD; jrefrmjynfudk

4
wifoGif;vmvQif ]]wdkYjrefrmawG [moZmwfum;awmif
&dkuf&ygawmhrvm;}} qdkNyD; awG;ylaerdygonf/
ADG'D,dkZmwfvrf;&dkuful;xkwfvkyf&mwGif rdrd\
y&dwfowfrsm;onf rnfolawGvJ? olwdkY b,fvdk Zmwfvrf;rsdK;udk
BudKufESpfoufMuovJ? b,fvdkZmwfum;rsdK;awGMunfhcsifMuovJ
ponfjzifh avhvm od&Sdxm;&ygrnf/ odkYrSmom rdrdy&dwfowfESifh
tH0ifcGifusjzpfaom Zmwfvrf;aumif;rsm;udk a&G;cs,f
&dkuful;xkwfvkyfEdkifrSm jzpfygonf/ xdkUaMumifh jrefrmjynfrS
Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk &dkuful;xkwfvkyfaeMu aom 'g&dkufwmrsm;?
xkwfvkyfolrsm;? rif;om;rsm;? rif;orD;rsm;ESifh
tjcm;o&kyfaqmifrsm;wdkYtm; rdrdwdkY \ Zmwfum;rsm;ae&mwGif
e,fcsJUae&m,lvmaom udk&D;,m;Zmwfvrf;rsm;{/f Zmwf0ifcef;rsm;?
&dkufcsuf rsm;? uifr&mt,ltqrsm;? tvif;tarSmift,ltqrsm;? toHt,ltqrsm;?
y&dwfowfudk rNiD;aiGU atmifwifjyEdkifaomynmrsm;?
&dkufcsuftrsdK;rsdK;udk ae&mwustoHk;jyKwwfaom twwfynmrsm;?
wnf;jzwfjcif;t,ltqrsm; ponfjzifh aocsmpGm avhvmtwkckd;NyD;
jrefrmZmwfvrf;aumif;rsm; xGufay:vmatmif BudK;pm;oifhMuayonf/

(3) rdrd\&nf&G,fcsufubmvJ
&nf&G,fcsufonf yJhESifhwlonf[k ajymMuygonf/
rdrdoGm;vdk&mvrf;aMumif;udk aoGz,froGm; apbJ yef;wdkifa&mufatmif
yJhxdef;ay;ygonf/ xdkYaMumifh rnfhonfhvkyfief;rqdk
&nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/ ADG'D,dkZmwfvrf;rsm;udk
&dkuful;xkwfvkyf&mwGifvnf; &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&efta&;BuD; ygonf/
bmhaMumifh 'DZmwfvrf;udk &dkuful;&wmvJ? 'DZmwfvrf;udk
y&dwfowfrsm;MunfhNyD; bmjzpfrvJ? bmawGpOf;pm;MurvJ
ponfhar;cGef;rsm;\tajzrsm;udk BudKwifpOf;pm;xm;oifhygonf/
Zmwfvrf;wpfckvHk;\ &nf&G,fcsufudk xm;&Sd&rnfhtjyif
Zmwf0ifcef;rsm;? &dkufcsufrsm;\ &nf&G,fcsufrsm;udkvnf;
tao;pdwfcsrSwfxm;&ygrnf/ xkd&nf&G,fcsufrsm;onf rdrd\t"du&nf&G,f
csufESifh udkufnD&ygrnfhtjyif rdrd{/ft"du&nf&G,fcsufudka&mufatmif
yHhydk;ay;Edkif&ygrnf/
rdrdwGif &nf&G,fcsufr&SdvQif txufrSmazmfjycJhaom
tqHk;owfjyuGufESpfckuJhodkY Zmwfvrf;
ZmwfuGufESifhaoGz,foGm;aom jyuGufrsdK;rsm; jzpfwwfygonf/
5
xkdYaMumifh &nf&G,fcsufcsrSwfxm;jcif; onf
rdrdZmwfvrf;aumif;rGefa&;twGuf ta&;ygaom tcsufwpfcsufjzpfygonf/
tBudKxkwfvkyfjcif; Pre production tqifh\ pDrHjcif;tqifhonf
ADG'D,dkZmwfvrf;wpfck aumif; rGefa&;? t&nftaoG;jynfh0a&;twGuf
ta&;ygaom tcef;u@wpfckrS yg0ifaeygonf/ 4if;onf
ADG'D,dkZmwfvrf;rsm;&dkuful;xkwfvkyf&mwGif
tajccHrsm;jzpfMuaomaMumifh vufawGUtoHk;csEdkifvQif
tusdK;aus;Zl;rsm;&&SdMurnfrSm ajrBuD;vufcwfrvGJyif/

uavmiftrnf – pdk;rdk;0if;