Dokumen - Tips Ekorrpg and Ekor Ormazabal Ekorrpg and Ekorrpt Protection Metering and Control

ekor.rpg and ekor.
rpt
Protection, metering and control units
General Instructions
IG-159-EN, version 08, 15/07/16
LIB
CAUTION!
When medium-voltage equipment is operating, certain components are live, other parts may be in movement and some may
reach high temperatures. Therefore, the use of this equipment poses electrical, mechanical and thermal risks.
In order to ensure an acceptable level of protection for people and property, and in compliance with applicable environmental
recommendations, Ormazabal designs and manufactures its products according to the principle of integrated safety, based on
the following criteria:
• Elimination of hazards wherever possible.
• Where elimination of hazards is neither technically nor economically feasible, appropriate protection functions are
incorporated in the equipment.
• Communication about remaining risks to facilitate the design of operating procedures which prevent such risks,
training for the personnel in charge of the equipment, and the use of suitable personal protective equipment.
• Use of recyclable materials and establishment of procedures for the disposal of equipment and components so
that once the end of their service lives is reached, they are duly processed in accordance, as far as possible, with the
environmental restrictions established by the competent authorities.
Consequently, the equipment to which the present manual refers complies with the requirements of section 11.2 of Standard
IEC 62271-1. It must therefore only be operated by appropriately qualified and supervised personnel, in accordance with the
requirements of standard EN 50110-1 on the safety of electrical installations and standard EN 50110-2 on activities in or near
electrical installations. Personnel must be fully familiar with the instructions and warnings contained in this manual and in other
recommendations of a more general nature which are applicable to the situation according to current legislation[1].
The above must be carefully observed, as the correct and safe operation of this equipment depends not only on its design but also
on general circumstances which are in general beyond the control and responsibility of the manufacturer. More specifically:
• The equipment must be handled and transported appropriately from the factory to the place of installation.
• All intermediate storage should occur in conditions which do not alter or damage the characteristics of the equipment
or its essential components.
• Service conditions must be compatible with the equipment rating.
• The equipment must be operated strictly in accordance with the instructions given in the manual, and the applicable
operating and safety principles must be clearly understood.
• Maintenance should be performed properly, taking into account the actual service and environmental conditions in
the place of installation.
The manufacturer declines all liability for any significant indirect damages resulting from violation of the guarantee, under any
jurisdiction, including loss of income, stoppages and costs resulting from repair or replacement of parts.
Warranty
The manufacturer guarantees this product against any defect in materials and operation during the contractual period. In the
event that defects are detected, the manufacturer may opt either to repair or replace the equipment. Improper handling of this
equipment and its repair by the user shall constitute a violation of the guarantee.
Registered Trademarks and Copyrights
All registered trademarks cited in this document are the property of their respective owners. The intellectual property of this manual
belongs to Ormazabal.
[1]
For example, in Spain the “Regulation on technical conditions and guarantees for safety in high-voltage electrical installations” – Royal Decree
337/2014 is obligatory.
In view of the constant evolution in standards and design, the characteristics of the elements contained in this manual are subject
to change without prior notice. These characteristics, as well as the availability of components, are subject to confirmation by
Ormazabal.
General Instructions Index
ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt
Index
1. General description....................................................5 7. Protection, metering and control models...............27
1.1. General functional characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.1. Description of models vs. functions . . . . . . . . . 27

1.2. Parts of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7.1.1. ekor.rpt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.2.1. Electronic relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7.1.2. ekor.rpg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.2.2. Current sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.2. Relay configurator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.2.3. Power supply and test board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.3. ekor.rpt Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1.2.4. Bistable trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 7.3.1. Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1.3. Communications and programming 7.3.2. Características técnicas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 7.3.3. Installation in a cubicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3.4. ekor.rpt electrical diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
2. Applications..............................................................12 7.3.5. Installation of toroidal-core current
transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.1. Transformer protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 7.3.6. Checking and maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.2. General protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7.4. ekor.rpg Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.3. Line protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7.4.1. Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
7.4.2. Technical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3. Protection functions.................................................15 7.4.3. Installation in a cubicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.1. Overcurrent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7.4.4. ekor.rpg electrical diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.2. Thermometer (external trip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 7.4.5. Installation of Toroidal-core current
3.3. Earth ultrasensitive device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
7.4.6. Checking and maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4. Metering functions...................................................20
8. Setting and handling menus....................................46
4.1. Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
8.1. Keypad and alphanumeric display . . . . . . . . . . 46
5. Sensors.......................................................................21 8.2. Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.3. Parameter setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
5.1. Current sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 8.3.1. Protection parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
5.1.1. Functional characteristics of current sensors . 22 8.3.2. Parameter setting menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
5.1.2. Vector sum/zero-sequencewiring . . . . . . . . . . . 24 8.4. Trip recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
8.5. Error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
6. Technical characteristics..........................................25 8.6. Menu map (quick access) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6.1. Rated values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 9. MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units..............58
6.2. Mechanical design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.3. Insulation tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 9.1. Read / write functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
6.4. Compatibilidad electromagnética . . . . . . . . . . . 25 9.1.1. Data reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
6.5. Climatic tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.1.2. Data writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
6.6. Mechanical tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.1.3. Response in case of error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
6.7. Power tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.2. Password-protected register writing . . . . . . . . 59
6.8. Ce conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.3. CRC generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
9.4. Register map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 3

Index General Instructions
10. Annex A......................................................................63 11. Annex B .....................................................................69
10.1. Brief guide for commissioning the 11.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg
ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-v . . . 63 unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-p . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
10.1.1. Verify the power to be protected . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 11.1.1. Verify the power to be protected . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
10.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers 11.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers . . . . . . . . . . 70
already installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 11.1.3. Connect the HV terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
10.1.3. Connect the HV terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 11.1.4. External connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
10.1.4. External connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 11.1.5. Set relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
10.1.5. Set relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 11.1.6. Trip test with current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
10.1.6. Trip test with current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 11.1.7. External trip test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
10.1.7. External trip test: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 11.1.8. Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
10.1.8. Commissioning: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 11.1.9. What to do in the event of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
10.1.9. What to do in the event of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description
1. General description
The ekor.rp (ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt) range of protection, Designed to be integrated in a cubicle, the ekor.rp units
metering and control units brings together an entire family also provide the following advantages over conventional
of different equipment, which depending on the model, may devices:
incorporate protection functions as well as other functions
1. Reduction in handling of interconnections when installing the
such as local control, remote control, electrical parameter cubicle. The only connection required is limited to MV cables.
metering, automation, etc., related to the current and future
2. Minimisation of the need to install control boxes on the
automation, control and protection needs of transformer cubicles.
and switching substations 3. Avoidance of wiring and installation errors; minimisation of
commissioning time.
Its use in Ormazabal’s cgmcosmos and cgm.3 cubicle
4. All the units are factory installed, adjusted and checked; each
systems allows the configuration of customised products piece of equipment (relay + control + sensors) also undergoes
for meeting the diverse needs of the different installations. a comprehensive check before being installed. The final unit
tests are carried out once the unit is incorporated in the
The ekor.rp protection, metering and control units have cubicle before delivery.
been designed to meet the national and international 5. They protect a broad power range with the same model (e.g.:
standard requirements and recommendations that are ekor.rpg from 160 kVA up to 15 MVA, in cgmcosmos system
applied to each of the parts that make up the unit: cubicles).
EN 60255, EN 61000, EN 62271-200, EN 60068, EN 60044,

IEC 60255, IEC 61000, IEC 62271-200, IEC 60068, IEC 60044
Figure 1.1. ekor.sys family: protection, metering and control units
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 5

General description
1.1. General functional characteristics
All the relays of the ekor.rp units include a microprocessor

for processing the signals from the metering sensors. They
process current metering by eradicating the influence
of transient phenomena and calculate the magnitudes
needed for to carry out protection functions. In addition,
the efficient electrical metering values, which provide the
instantaneous value of these installation parameters, are
determined.
They are equipped with keypad for local display, setup and
operation of the unit, as well as communication ports to
handle these functions from a computer, whether locally
or remotely. A user-friendly design has been employed, so
that the use of the various menus is intuitive.
The current is measured by means of several current

sensors with a high transformation ratio, making it possible
for the same equipment to detect a wide range of power
levels. These transformers or current sensors maintain the
accuracy class in all of their rated range. Figure 1.2. ekor.sys family relays
The unit contains an events log where all of the latest
trips made by the protection functions are registered. In
addition, the total number of operations is saved as well
as the unit’s settings parameters. The local interface uses
menus to provide the instantaneous values of the current
metering for each phase and zero-sequence current, as well
as the setting parameters, trip motives, etc. They can also be
accessed via the communication ports.
From a maintenance perspective, the ekor rp units have a

series of features that reduce the time and the possibility
of errors in the test and service restoration tasks. The main
features include some toroidal-core current transformers
with larger diameters and test connections; accessible
and disconnectable terminal blocks for tests using current
injection; and built-in test contacts, even in the basic
models.
6 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description
1.2. Parts of the unit
The parts that form the ekor.rp protection, metering and

control unit include the electronic relay, current sensors,
power supply and test board, selfpowered transformers
(only for selfpowered models) and the bistable trigger.
1 Checking terminal block 1 Power supply board

2 ekor.rpg electronic relay 2 ekor.rpg electronic relay
3 Power supply board 3 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers
4 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers Figure 1.4. Example of ekor.rpt unit installation in fused protection
Figure 1.3. Example of ekor.rpg unit installation in circuit-breaker cubicles
cubicles
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 7

General description
1.2.1. Electronic relay
The electronic relay has keys and a display to set and view
the protection, metering and control parameters. It includes
a seal on the SET key to ensure that once the settings have
been made they cannot be changed unless the seal is
broken.
The protection trips are registered on the display with the

following parameters: reason for tripping, fault current
value, tripping time and the time and date the event
occurred. Errors in the unit, such as a switch failure, incorrect
thermometer connection, low battery, etc., are also shown
permanently.
The ‘On’ led is activated when the equipment receives power

from an external source or the self-powered transformers.
In this situation, the unit is operational to perform the
protection functions. If the ‘On’ led is not activated, only the
unit’s parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted (function
exclusively assigned to the relay’s internal battery).
1 “On” LED
The current analog signals are conditioned internally 2 Trip cause indication
by small and very accurate transformers that isolate the 3 Measures and setting parameters display
electronic circuits from the rest of the installation.
4 SET key
The equipment has two communication ports, one on the 5 Keyboard for scrolling through screens
front used for local configuration (RS232), and another one 6 Front communication port RS232
on the rear used for remote control (RS485). The standard Figure 1.5. Elements of the relay
communication protocol for all models is MODBUS. Others
may be used depending on the application.
8 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description
1.2.2. Current sensors
The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers

with a 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A ratio, depending on the
models. Their range of action is the same as the switchgear
where they are installed. They are factory-installed in the
cubicle bushings, which significantly simplifies the on-site
assembly and connection. This way, once the MV cables
are connected to the cubicle, the installation protection
is operational. There are no sensor installation errors, due
to earthing grids, polarities, etc. since they are previously
installed and tested at the factory.
The inner diameter of the toroidal-core current transformers

is 82 mm, which means they can be used in cables of
up to 400 mm2 without any problems for performing
maintenance testing afterwards.
If the equipment is selfpowered, the toroidal transformers

are equipped with some anchorage points to place them in
the same area as the metering transformers, thus forming a 1 Bushing
single, compact block. These transformers supply 1 W when 2 Current sensors
the primary current is ≥ 5 A. This power is enough to allow
the units to function correctly. Figure 1.6. Current transformers location
All the current sensors have an integrated protection

against the opening of secondary circuits, which prevents
overvoltage
1.2.3. Power supply and test board
The selfpowered equipment’s power supply board

prepares the selfpowered transformers’ signal and converts
it into a DC signal to safely power the equipment. The
transformers permanently feed power from 5 to 630
primary amps to the board.
It also has a 230 Vac input with 10 kV level of insulation. This

input is for direct connection to the transformer substation’s
LVB.
The power supply board of models with auxiliary power

supply has an input for connecting both the AC (24 to
Figure 1.7. Power supply
110 Vac) and DC (24 to 125 Vdc) power supply. The board
prepares the signal, converting it into a DC signal suitable Furthermore, both types of board have a built-in protection
for safely powering the equipment. trip test circuit as well as connectors for carrying out current
injection functional tests during maintenance and checking
operations. The units also have a protection device for
absorbing the excess energy produced by the transformers
when there are short-circuits up to 20 kA.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 9

General description
1.2.4. Bistable trigger
The bistable trigger is an electromechanical actuator that is

integrated into the switch driving mechanism. This trigger
acts upon the switch when there is a protection trip. It is
characterised by the low actuation power it requires for
tripping. This energy is received in the form of pulses lasting
50 ms and with an amplitude of 12 V. When there is a fault,
these pulses are repeated every 400 ms to ensure that the
switch opens.
Figure 1.8. Bistable trigger
1.3. Communications and programming software
All the ekor.rp units have two serial communication ports.

The standard RS232 front port is used to set the local
parameters with the ekor.soft program[2]. At the rear, there
is an RS485 port which is used for remote control.
The standard communication protocol implemented in all

equipment is MODBUS-RTU (binary) transmission mode,
although other specific protocols can be implemented
depending on the application. This protocol has the
advantage of greater information density than other
modes, resulting in a higher transmission rate for the same
communication speed. Each message must be transmitted
as a continuous string and the silences are used to detect
the end of the message.
1 ekor.ccp
2 ekor.bus
3 ekor.rci
4 ekor.rci
5 ekor.rpt
6 ekor.rpg
Figure 1.9. ekor.sys family intercommunicated equipment
For more information about the ekor.soft program, consult

[2]
Ormazabal’s IG-155 document.
10 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description
The ekor.soft setup program has three main operating

modes:
1. Display: indicates the unit status, including electrical
measurements, current settings, date and time
2. User settings: protection parameter change is enabled
3. Event log: the parameters of the final and penultimate trip
are shown as well as the total number of trips made by the
protection unit
Minimum system requirements for installing and using the
ekor.soft software:
1. Processor: Pentium II
2. RAM: 32 Mb
3. Operating system: MS WINDOWS
4. CD-ROM / DVD
5. RS-232 serial port
Figure 1.10. ekor.soft displays
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 11

Applications
2. Applications
2.1. Transformer protection
The distribution transformers require various protection

functions. Their selection depends primarily on the power
and level of responsibility they have in the installation.
As an example, the protection functions that must be
implemented to protect distribution transformers with a
power rating between 160 kVA and 2 MVA are the following:
1. 50 ≡ Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against
short-circuits between phases in the primary circuit, or high
value short-circuit currents between phases on the secondary
side. This function is performed by the fuses when the
protection cubicle does not include a circuit-breaker.
2. 51 ≡ Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads,
which can deteriorate the transformer, or against short-
circuits in several turns of the primary windings.
3. 50N ≡ Instantaneous earth fault. Protects against phase to
earth short-circuits or secondary winding short-circuits, from
the primary interconnections and windings.
4. 51N ≡ Earth leakage. Protects against highly resistive faults
from the primary to earth or to the secondary.
5. 49T ≡ Termómero. Protects against excessive transformer Figure 2.1. Transformer and fuse protection cubicle
temperature.
Protection units that include the above mentioned

functions:
cgmcosmos cgm.3
system system
Type of
Unit Power ranges to protect
cubicle
Fuse-
ekor.rpt combination 50 kVA...2000 kVA 50 kVA...1250 kVA
switch
Circuit-
ekor.rpg 50 kVA...15 MVA 50 kVA...25 MVA
breaker 1 Busbars
See tables 7.3.2 and 7.4.2 2 Overcurrent protection
Table 2.1. Protection units 3 Thermometer
Figure 2.2. Transformer protection
12 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Applications
2.2. General protection
The client supply installations require general protection to The following protection units provide the above-
ensure that an installation is disconnected from the rest of mentioned functions:
the network in the event of a fault. In this way, the utility’s
supply line will remain energised and other clients will cgmcosmos cgm.3
remain unaffected. It also protects the client’s installation system system
by disconnecting it from the power source in the event of Type of
a fault. Unit Power ranges to protect
cubicle
Fuse-
In this type of protection, all the faults detected in the ekor.rpt combination 50 kVA...2000 kVA 50 kVA...1250 kVA
substation’s main circuit breaker should be simultaneously switch
detected in the transformer substations so that they can be Circuit-
ekor.rpg 50 kVA...15 MVA 50 kVA...25 MVA
cleared before the line trips (protection selectivity). breaker
1. 50 ≡ Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against See tables 7.3.2 and 7.4.2
short-circuits between phases.
Table 2.2. Type of protection
which can deteriorate the installation. It is also used as a
limiting device to control the supply’s maximum power.
3. 50N ≡ Instantáneo de tierra. Protects against phase-to-
earth short-circuits.
4. 51N ≡ Fuga a tierra. Protects against highly resistive faults
between phase and earth.
Figure 2.3. 2.2. General protection
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 13

Applications
2.3. Line protection
The purpose of the line protection is to isolate this part of Line protection is mainly accomplished by the following
the network in case of fault, without it affecting the rest functions:
of the lines. Generally, it covers any fault that originates
1. 50 ≡ Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against
between the substation, or switching substation, and the short-circuits between phases.
consumption points.
which can deteriorate the installation.
The types of fault that occur in these areas of the network
primarily depend on the nature of the line, overhead line or 3. 50N ≡ Instantaneous earth fault. Protects against phase-
to-earth short-circuits.
cable and the neutral used.
4. 51N ≡ Earth leakage. Protects against highly resistive faults
In networks with overhead lines, most faults are transitory. between phase and earth.
Hence, many line reclosings are effective. 5. 50Ns ≡ Ultrasensitive earth instantaneous overcurrent.
Protects against phase to earth short-circuits of very low
On the other hand, in case of phase-to-earth faults in value.
overhead lines, when the ground resistance is very high, 6. 51Ns ≡ Ultrasensitive earth leakage protection. Protects
against highly resistive faults between phase and earth of
the zero-sequence fault currents have a very low value In
very low value.
these cases, an ‘ultrasensitive’ neutral current detection is
required. Unit that includes the above mentioned functions:
The underground cables have earth coupling capacities,
cgmcosmos / cgm.3 systems
which causes the single phase faults to include capacitive
currents. This phenomenon makes detection difficult in Maximum rated
Unit Type of cubicle
isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks and thus current
requires the use of the directional function. ekor.rpg Circuit-breaker 630 A
Table 2.3. Line protection with circuit breaker
Figure 2.4. Line protection
14 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection functions
3. Protection functions
3.1. Overcurrent
The units have an overcurrent function for each one of the 5. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x In x I>
phases (3 x 50 - 51) and, depending on the model, they may 6. Pick-up current value of DT curve = 1.0 x In x I>
have another one for earth (50N-51N). The implemented 7. Instantaneous pick-up current value = In x I> x I>>
protection curves are the ones listed in standard IEC 60255. In the case of earth settings, the parameters are similar to the
phase settings. Each of them is described below.
Overcurrent functions that can be performed depending
on the model: to(s) ≡ Theoretical tripping time for an earth fault which
evolves with a constant current value I0
1. Overload multicurve protection for phases (51)
Io ≡ Actual current flowing to earth
2. Protection of phase-to-earth multicurve faults (51N)
3. Short-circuit protection (instantaneous) at a defined time In ≡ Rated phase setting current
between phases (50) Io> ≡ Withstand earth leakage factor (phase)
4. Short-circuit protection (instantaneous) at a defined time
between phase and earth (50N) Ko ≡ Curve factor
Meaning of the curve parameters for phase settings: Io>> ≡ Short-circuit current factor (instantaneous)
t(s) ≡ Theoretical tripping time for a fault which evolves with T0>> ≡ Short-circuit delay time (instantaneous)
a constant current value 8. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x In x Io>
I ≡ Actual current flowing through the phase with the largest 9. Pick-up current value of DT curve = 1.0 x In x Io>
amplitude 10. Instantaneous pick-up current value = In x Io> x Io>>
In ≡ Rated setting current
I> ≡ Withstand overload increment
K ≡ Curve factor
I>> ≡ Short-circuit current factor (instantaneous)
T>> ≡ Short-circuit delay time (instantaneous)
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 15

Phase time delay: Phase time delay:
0,14* K 13,5* K
t(s) = 0,02
t(s) = 1
 I   I 
  −1   −1
 In* I >   In* I > 
Earth time delay: Earth time delay:
0,14* K0 13,5* K0
t0 (s) = 0,02
t0 (s) = 1
 I0   I0 
  −1   −1
 In* I0 >   In* I0 > 
Figure 3.1. Normally inverse curve Figure 3.2. Very inverse curve
16 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Phase time delay: Phase time delay:
80 * K t(s) = 5 * K
t(s) = 2
 I 
  −1 Earth time delay:
 In* I > 
t0 (s) = 5 * K0
Earth time delay:
80 * K0 Figure 3.4. Defined time curve

t0 (s) = 2
 I0 
  −1
 In* I0 > 
Figure 3.3. Extremely inverse curve
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 17

3.2. Thermometer (external trip)
The equipment has an input for connecting volt-free

contacts and tripping the switch. This input is protected
against erroneous connections (e.g. 230 Vac) showing an
error code on the display when this anomaly occurs.
The switch trips when the volt-free contact is closed for

at least 200 ms. This prevents untimely tripping due to
external disturbances.
External tripping protection is disabled when all of the

overcurrent protection functions are disabled (for firmware
version 18 or later).
In this situation, the relay will not trip the switch but a 1 External trip contact
flashing arrow will appear at the top of the display screen 2 Switch trips
to show that the external trip contact is closed (see section
3 External contact closing
§8.4).
4 Tryp switch
The purpose of this function is to protect the transformers’ Figure 3.5. Tryp switch
maximum temperature. The trip input is associated to
contact of the thermometer which measures the oil’s
temperature and when the maximum set value is reached,
its associated contact closes and the switch trips. Unlike
conventional coils, it has the advantage of not having
low-voltage network connections with the consequent
overvoltages generated in the control circuits.
This trip input can also be associated to output contacts

of remote control terminals, alarms and auxiliary relays
responsible for opening the switch.
18 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

3.3. Ultrasensitive earth device
This protection corresponds to a particular type of

overcurrent protections. It is primarily used in networks
with isolated or resonant earthed neutral, where the phase-
to-earth fault current value depends on the system cable
capacity value and on the point in which the fault occurs.
Generally, in medium voltage private installations with
short cable stretches, simply determine a minimum zero-
sequence current threshold at which the protection must
trip.
The current flowing to earth is detected using a toroidal-core

current transformer which covers the three phases. In this
way, the metering is independent from the phase current,
thus avoiding errors in the phase metering transformers. In
general, this type of protection must be used when the set
earth current is less than 10 % of the rated phase current
(for example: for a rated phase current of 400 A with earth
faults below 40 A).
On the other hand, in the lines, whose cable stretches are 1 Voltage and current sensors
usually long, it is necessary to identify the fault direction. 2 Zero-squence toroidal transformer
Otherwise, trips can occur due to capacitive currents from Figure 3.6. Sensors
other lines, when there is not any fault in the line.
The available curves are: normally inverse (NI), very inverse

(VI), extremely inverse (EI) and defined time (DT).
The setting parameters are the same as in the earth faults of

the overcurrent functions (section §3.1 overcurrent), with the
exception that factor Io> is replaced with the value directly in
amps Ig. This way, this parameter can be set to very low earth
current values, regardless of the phase setting current.
1. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x Ig
2. Pick-up current value of DT curve = Ig
3. Instantaneous pick-up current value = Ig x Io>>
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 19

Metering functions
4. Metering functions
4.1. Current
The current values measured by the ekor.rp units correspond

to the efficient values of each of the phases I1, I2 and I3.
Eight samples from a half-period are used and the mean
of five consecutive values is calculated. This measurement
is updated every second. It offers Class 1 meter accuracy,
from 5 A up to 120 % of the current sensor’s maximum
rated range. The zero-sequence current measurement Io is
performed in the same way as the phase currents.
1. Current meters: I1, I2, I3 and Io
Figure 4.1. Metering functions
20 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Sensors
5. Sensors
5.1. Current sensors
The electronic current transformers are designed for

optimal adaptation to digital equipment technology, with
a slight modification of the secondary interface. Therefore,
the protection, metering and control equipment for these
sensors operate with the same algorithms and with the
same consistency as conventional devices.
The low power outputs from the sensors can be adapted to

standard values using external amplifiers. In this way, you
can use conventional equipment or electronic relays.
Main advantages derived from the use of sensor based

systems:
1. Small volume. The decreased power consumption of these
transformers allows their volume to be drastically reduced.
2. Improved accuracy. Signal acquisition is much more accurate
due to high transformation ratios.
3. Wide range. When there are power increases in the
installation, the sensors do not have to be replaced with ones Figure 5.1. Current sensors
having a greater ratio.
4. Greater safety. The open-air live parts disappear, increasing
personnel safety.
5. Greater reliability. The full insulation of the whole installation
provides greater levels of protection against external agents.
6. Easy maintenance. The sensors do not need to be
disconnected when the cable or cubicle is being tested.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 21

Sensors
5.1.1. Functional characteristics of current sensors
The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers

with a high transformation ratio and low rated burden.
These sensors are encapsulated in self-extinguishing
polyurethane resin.
Phase toroidal current transformers

Range 5 – 100 A Range 15 – 630 A
Ratio 300 / 1 A 1000 / 1 A
Metering range for Cl 0.5 3-390 A Extd. 130 % 5 - 1300 A Extd. 130 %
Accuracy at 3 A: Ratio error ±0.4% Phase displacement ±85 minutes at 5 A: Ratio error ±0.35% Phase displacement ±25 minutes
Protection 5P20 5P20
Metering Class 0.5 Class 0.5
Burden 0.18 VA 0.2 VA
Thermal current 31.5 kA – 3 s 31.5 kA – 3 s
Dynamic current 2.5Ith (80 kA) 2.5Ith (80 kA)
Saturation current 7,800 A 26,000 A
Frequency 50 – 60 Hz 50 – 60 Hz
Insulation 0.72 / 3 kV 0.72 / 3 kV
Outer diameter 139 mm 139 mm
Inner diameter 82 mm 82 mm
Height 38 mm 38 mm
Weight 1,350 kg 1,650 kg
Polarity S1 – blue, S2 – brown S1 – blue, S2 – brown
Encapsulation Self-extinguishing polyurethane Self-extinguishing polyurethane
Thermal class B (130 ºC) B (130 ºC)
Reference standard IEC 60044-1 IEC 60044-1
Table 5.1. Phase toroidal current transformers
Toroidal power transformers

ekor.rpt/ekor.rpg
Ratio 200 / 1 A with centre tap (100 + 100 A)
Power supply range 5 A to 630 A
Thermal current 20 kA
Dynamic current 50 kA
Power 0.4 VA to 5 A
Frequency 50 – 60 Hz
Insulation 0.72 / 3 kV
Outer dimensions 139 mm
Inner dimensions 82 mm
Height 38 mm
Weight 1,240 kg
Polarity S1 – blue, S2 – brown
Encapsulation Self-extinguishing polyurethane
Thermal class B (130 C)
Table 5.2. Toroidal power transformers
22 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Sensors
Figure 5.3. Zero-sequence toroidal transformer
Figure 5.2. Phase toroidal transformer
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 23

Sensors
5.1.2. Vector sum/zero-sequencewiring
The wiring of the aforementioned transformers is performed

in two different ways, depending on whether they have a
zero-sequence toroidal current transformer installed or not.
As a general rule, the zero-sequence toroidal transformer
is used when the earth fault current is a below 10% of the
phase current rating.
Figure 5.4. Detection of earth current by vector sum Figure 5.5. Detection of earth current by zero-sequence toroidal
transformer
Zero-sequence toroidal current transformers

Range 5 – 100 A Range 15 – 630 A
Ratio 300 / 1 A 1000 / 1 A
Metering range 0.5 A to 50 A extd. 130 % 0.5 A to 50 A extd. 130 %
Protection 5P10 5P10
Metering Class 3 Class 3
Burden 0.2 VA 0.2 VA
Thermal current 31,5 kA – 3 s 31,5 kA – 3 s
Dynamic current 2.5Ith (80 kA) 2.5Ith (80 kA)
Saturation current 780 A 780 A
Frequency 50 – 60 Hz 50 – 60 Hz
Insulation 0.72 / 3 kV 0.72 / 3 kV
Outer dimensions 330 x 105 mm 330 x 105 mm
Inner dimensions 272 x 50 mm 272 x 50 mm
Height 41 mm 41 mm
Weight 0.98 kg 0.98 kg
Polarity S1 – blue, S2 – brown S1 – blue, S2 – brown
Encapsulation Self-extinguishing polyurethane Self-extinguishing polyurethane
Thermal class B (130 ºC) B (130 ºC)
Reference standard IEC 60044-1 IEC 60044-1
Table 5.3. Zero-sequence current transformers
24 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Technical characteristics
6. Technical characteristics
6.1. Rated values
Power supply AC 24 Vac...110 Vac ±30 % 5 VA

DC 24 Vdc...125 Vdc ±30 % 2.5 W
Selfpowered >5 A, 230 Vac ±30 %
Current inputs Primary phase 5 A...630 A (depending on model)
Earth 0.5 A..0.50 A (depending on model)
I thermal/dynamic 20 kA / 50 kA
Impedance 0.1 Ω
Accuracy Time delay 5 % (minimum 20 ms)
Metering / protection Class 0,5 / 5P20
Frequency 50 Hz; 60 Hz ±1 %
Output contacts Voltage 250 Vac
Current 10 A (AC)
Switching power 500 VA (resistive load)
Temperature Operating - 40 ºC to + 70 ºC
Storage - 40 ºC to + 70 ºC
Communications Front port DB9 RS232
Rear port RS485 (5 kV) – RJ45
Protocol MODBUS (RTU)
Table 6.1. Rated values
6.2. Mechanical design
IP rating Terminals IP2X

In cubicle IP3X
IP4X (according to IEC 60255-27)
IK06 (according to EN 50102)
Dimensions (h x w x d): 146 x 47 x 165 mm
Weight 0,3 kg
Wiring Cable/termination 0.5...2.5 mm2
Table 6.2. Mechanical design
6.3. Insulation tests
IEC 60255-5 Insulation resistance 500 VDC: > 10 GΩ

Electric strength 2 kVac; 50 Hz; 1 min
Voltage impulses: standard 5 kV; 1.2 / 50 µs; 0.5 J
differential 1 kV; 1.2 / 50 µs; 0.5 J
Table 6.3. Insulation tests
6.4. Electromagnetic compatibility
IEC 60255-11 Voltage dips 200 ms

Ripple 12 %
IEC 60255-22-1 Damped wave 1 MHz 2.5 kV; 1 kV
IEC 60255-22-2 Electrostatic discharges 8 kV air
(IEC 61000-4-2, class IV) 6 kV contact
Continued on next page
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 25

Technical characteristics
Continuation
IEC 60255-22-3 Radiated fields 10 V/m
(IEC 61000-4-3, class III)
IEC 60255-22-4 Bursts - Fast transients ±4 kV
(IEC 61000-4-4)
IEC 60255-22-5 Overvoltage pulses 4 kV; 2 kV
(IEC 61000-4-5)
IEC 60255-22-6 Induced radio frequency 150 kHz...80 MHz
signals (IEC 61000-4-6)
IEC 61000-4-8 Magnetic fields 100 A / m; 50 Hz constant
1000 A / m; 50 Hz short- time (2 s)
IEC 61000-4-12 Sinusoidal damped wave 2,5 kV; 1 kV
IEC 60255-25 Electromagnetic emissions 150 kHz to 30 MHz (conducted)
(EN61000-6-4) 30 MHz to 1 GHz (radiated)
Table 6.4. Electromagnetic compatibility
6.5. Climatic tests
IEC 60068-2-1 Slow changes. Cold - 40 ºC; 16 hrs

IEC 60068-2-2 Slow changes. Heat + 70 ºC; 16 hrs
IEC 60068-2-78 Damp heat, continuous test + 40 ºC; 93 %; 10 days
IEC 60068-2-30 Damp heat cycles + 55 ºC; 6 cycles
Table 6.5. Climatic tests
6.6. Mechanical tests
IEC 60255-21-1 Sinusoidal vibration. Response 10 – 150 Hz; 1 g

Sinusoidal vibration. Endurance 10 – 150 Hz; 2 g
IEC 60255-21-2 Impacts. Response 11 ms; 5 g
Impact. Endurance 11 ms; 15 g
Shock. Endurance 16 ms; 10 g
IEC 60255-21-3 Seismic tests 1 – 38 MHz, 1 g vertical, 0.5 g horizontal
Table 6.6. Mechanical tests
6.7. Power tests
IEC 60265 No-load cable making and breaking 24 kV / 50 A / cosφ = 0.1

IEC 60265 Mainly active load making and breaking 24 kV / 630 A / cosφ = 0.7
IEC 60265 Earth faults 24 kV / 200 A / 50 A
No-load transformer making and breaking 13.2 kV / 250 A / 1250 kVA
IEC 60056 Short-circuit making and breaking 20 kA / 1 s
Table 6.7. Power tests
6.8. CE conformity
This product complies with the European Union directive

2014/30/EU on electromagnetic compatibility, and with
the IEC 60255 international regulations. The unit has been
designed and manufactured for use in industrial areas, in
accordance with EMC standards. This compliance results
from a test performed according to article 7 of the directive.
26 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models
7. Protection, metering and control models
7.1. Description of models vs. functions
7.1.1. ekor.rpt
Distribution transformer protection unit installed in fuse-

combination switch cubicles. The electronic unit performs
all the protection functions except for the high value
polyphase short-circuits that occur in the transformer’s
primary. It has inputs and outputs for switch monitoring
and control.
The unit can protect a power range from 50 kVA up to 2000

kVA in cgmcosmos system cubicles and from 50 kVA up to
1250 kVA in cgm.3 system cubicles.
Figure 7.1. ekor.rpt
7.1.2. ekor.rpg
Distribution general protection unit installed in circuit-

breaker cubicles. The main usage applications are: general
protection of lines, private installations, transformers,
capacitor stacks, etc.
They can protect a power range from 50 kVA up to 400 kVA

(630 kVA for cgm.3 system cubicles), when they include
toroidal-core current transformers from 5 A to 100 A. With
15 A to 630 A toroidal-core current transformers, they offer
a power range between 160 kVA and 15 MVA (25 MVA for
cgm.3 system cubicles).
Figure 7.2. ekor.rpg
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 27

Protection, metering and control units ekor.rp

ekor.rpt ekor.rpg
General
Phase current sensors 3 3
Earth (zero-sequence) current sensor Op Op
Voltage sensors No No
Digital inputs 2 2
Digital outputs 2 2
Power supply 24 Vdc to 125 Vdc / 24 Vac to 110 Vac Op Op
Self powered (> 5 A, + 230 Vac ±30 %) Op Op
Protection
Phase overcurrent (50-51) Yes Yes
Earth leakage overcurrent (50N-51N) Op Op
Ultrasensitive earth leakage protection (50Ns-51Ns) Op Op
Thermometer (49T) Yes Yes
Communications
MODBUS-RTU Yes Yes
PROCOME No No
RS-232 configuration port Yes Yes
RS-485 port for remote control Yes Yes
ekor.soft setup and monitoring program Op Op
Indications
Tripping cause indication Yes Yes
Error display Yes Yes
Test
Test blocks for current injection Yes Yes
Output contact for test Yes Yes
Measurements
Current Yes Yes
Presence / absence of voltage No No
Op - optional
Table 7.1. Protection, metering and control units ekor.rp
28 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7.2. Relay configurator
To select the ekor.rp unit on the basis of the installation

characteristics, the following configurator will be used:
ekor.rp –
Type:
g – For protection cubicle with circuit-breaker
t – For fuse protection cubicle
Protection functions:
10 – Three phases (3 x 50/51)
20 – Three phases and neutral (3 x 50/51 + 50 N/51 N)
30 – Three phases and sensitive neutral (3 x 50/51 + 50 Ns/51 Ns)
Toroidal-core current transformers:
0 – Without toroidal transformers
1 – Range 5 – 100 A
2 – Range 15 – 630 A
Power supply:
A – Self powered
B – Auxiliary power supply (battery, UPS, etc.)
Example: In the case of a selfpowered relay for a protection

cubicle with a circuit-breaker, with functions 3 x 50/51 +
50Ns/51Ns and toroidal-core current transformers with a range of
5 – 100 A, the corresponding configurator would be
ekor.rpg-301a.
Not all combinations resulting from this configurator

are possible.
For the availability of other models, please consult
Ormazabal’s technical - commercial department.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 29

7.3. ekor.rpt units
7.3.1. Functional description
The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit is used When an overcurrent that is within the values that the load
for the protection of distribution transformers. It is installed break switch can open is detected, the relay acts upon a low
in fuse-combination switch cubicles so the electronic power bistable trigger that opens the switch. If the fault
system performs all the protection functions, except high current is greater than the breaking capacity of the load
polyphase short-circuit values, which are cleared by the break switch[3], the switch trip is blocked so that the fuses
fuses. will blow. On the other hand, the equipment is disconnected
and the fuses do not remain energised.
Figure 7.4. General protection (MV client supply)
Figure 7.3. Transformer protection
1200 A for cgmcosmos-p, 480 A for, 36 kV range cgm.3.

[3]
30 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7.3.2. Características técnicas
The ekor.rpt unit is used to protect the following transformer

power ratings.
cgmcosmos System
Fuse rated Minimum transformer power Maximum transformer power
Line voltage
voltage
[kV] Fuse rating [A] [kVA] Fuse rating [A] [kVA]
[kV]
6.6 3 / 7.2 16 50 160(1) 1250
10 6 / 12 10 100 160(1) 1250
13.8 10 / 24 16 100 100 1250
15 10 / 24 16 125 125(2) 1600
20 10 / 24 16 160 125 2000
(1)
442 mm cartridge,
(2)
125 A SIBA SSK fuse
Table 7.2. Technical characteristics cgmcosmos sytem
cgm.3 System
Line voltage
voltage
[kV]
6.6 3 / 7.2 16 50 160 ¹( )
1000
10 6 / 12 16 100 125 1250
13.8 10 / 24 10 100 63 800
15 10 / 24 16 125 63 1000
20 10 / 24 16 160 63 1250
25 24 / 36 25 200 80 (2) 2000
30 24 / 36 25 250 80 (2) 2500
(1)
442 mm cartridge
(2)
SIBA SSK fuse (check)
Table 7.3. Technical characteristics cgm.3 system
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 31

Selection process for the ekor.rpt unit protection To select the ekor.rpt unit protection parameters in
parameters in cgmcosmos-p cubicles: cgm.3-p cubicles, the steps to follow are similar to those
proposed in the paragraphs above, except for the first
1. Determine the required fuse rating to protect the transformer
in accordance with the fuse table in Ormazabal’s document
step. The fuse rating required to protect the transformer
IG-078. The maximum ratings that can be used are 160 A for is determined according to the fuse table of Ormazabal’s
voltages up to and including 12 kV, and 125 A for voltages up documents IG-034 and IG-136 respectively. Please take
to and including 24 kV. into consideration that the minimum protection powers are
2. Calculate the transformer rated current In = S/√3 x Un. listed in the table above.
3. Define the continuous overload level I>. Normal values
in transformers of up to 2000 kVA are 20 % for distribution In case of protecting a transformer with following
installations and 5 % for power generation installations. characteristics in cgmcosmos cubicle system:
4. Select the transitory overload curve. Coordination between
relay curves and LV fuses is performed with the EI type curve. S = 1250 kVA, Un = 15 kV and Uk = 5 %
5. Define the delay time in transitory overload K. This parameter Follow the procedure below for proper coordination
is defined by the transformer’s thermal constant. This way, the between the fuses and the protection relay:
greater the constant, the longer it takes for the transformer’s
temperature to increase under an overload condition; and 1. Fuse selection according to IG-078. 10 / 24 kV 125 A fuse
therefore, the protection trigger can be delayed longer. The
2. Rated current.
usual value for distribution transformers is K = 0.2, which
In = S / √3 x Un = 1250 kVA /√3 x 15 kV ≅ 48 A
means that it trips in 2 s if the overload is 300 % in the EI curve.
3. Continuous withstand overload 20 %.
6. Short-circuit level I>>. The maximum value of the transformer’s
In x I> = 48 A x 1,2 ≅ 58 A
magnetisation current must be determined. The current peak
produced when a no-load transformer is connected, due to 4. Extremely Inverse Curve type. E.I
the effect of a magnetised nucleus, is several times greater 5. Transitory overload factor. K = 0,2
than the rated current. This peak value, up to 12 times the 6. Short-circuit level. In x I> x I>> = 48 A x 1,2 x 7 ≅ 404 A
rated value (10 times for more than 1000 kVA) has a very high
harmonic content, so its fundamental 50 Hz component is 7. Instantaneous time delay T>> = 0,4 s
much less. Therefore, a usual setting value for this parameter 8. Secondary short-circuit.
is between 7 and 10. Ics = In x 100/Uk = 48 A x 100/5 ≅ 960 A
7. Instantaneous time delay T>>. This value corresponds with
the protection trip time in the event a short-circuit occurs. It
depends on the coordination with other protections and the
usual values are between 0.1 and 0.5 s. If the short-circuit
value is high, the fuses will act in the time determined by their
characteristic curve.
8. Determine the current value in case of secondary three-phase
short-circuit. This fault must be cleared by the fuses, and it
corresponds with the intersection point’s maximum value
between the relay and the fuse curves. If the intersection
point is greater than the secondary short-circuit value, the
settings must be adjusted to meet this requirement.
32 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

1 Fuse selection 125 A

2 Rated current 48 A
3 Continuous overload 58 A
4 E.I. Curve type
5 Factor K = 0.2
6 Short-circuit level 404 A
7 Instantaneous time delay 400 ms
8 Secondary three-phase short-circuit 960 A
9 Fuse operation area
10 Relay operation area
(s) Time (S)
(A) Current (A)
Figure 7.5. Example for SIBA SSK fuse
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 33

The earth unit setting depends on the characteristics of the selectivity with the main switch protections. Given the
line where the unit is installed. In general, the earth fault variety of protection criteria and types of neutral used in the
values are high enough to be detected as overcurrent. networks, it does not exist a single parameterisation; each
Even in isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks, the case requires a specific parameterisation. For transformers
fault value in transformer protection installations is clearly up to 2000 kVA, the settings below are given as a general
different from the capacitive currents of the lines. This way, example. It must be ensured that they properly apply to
the transformer protection ekor.rpt units are used in isolated the protections upstream (general, line or main switch
neutral networks that do not require the directional function. protections, among others.)
The values of the setting parameters must guarantee
Phase setting
Rated current Time delayed Instantaneous I> K I>> T>>
In = S / √3 x Un = 48 A EI DT 1.2 0.2 7 0.4
Table 7.4. Phase setting
Earth setting
Type of neutral Time delayed Instantaneous Io> Ko Io>> To>>
Solid or impedant NI DT 0.2 0.2 5 0.4
Isolated or resonant NI DT 0.1 / Ig = 2 A (*) 0.2 5 0.4
* In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used
Table 7.5. Earth setting
34 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7.3.3. Installation in a cubicle
The integral parts of the ekor. units are the electronic relay, The electronic relay is fixed to the cubicle driving mechanism
the power supply and test board, the bistable trigger and using anchors. The front of the equipment, which contains
the current sensors. the components of the user interface, display, keys,
communication ports, etc., is accessible from the outside
without the need to remove the mechanism enclosure.
The rear contains the X1 and X2 connectors, as well as the
wiring that connects it to the power supply board.
1 Power supply board

2 ekor.rpt electronic relay
3 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers
Figure 7.6. Example of installation of a ekor.rpt unit in fuse protecton Figure 7.7. ekor.rpt frontal and rear view
cubicles
1 ekor.rpt relay configurations

2 DB-9 Male (relay)
3 DB-9 Female (PC)
4 RS485 connection pins
Figure 7.8. ekor.rpt frontal and rear connection diagram
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 35

All of the signals that come from the relay go through the selfpowered relays. The signal transformers are connected
board. Hence, the board enables the unit to be checked. to the board’s J8 connector, the function being to inject
Furthermore, there is a volt-free contact (J3) which is current into the secondary in order to test the relay.
activated simultaneously with the relay trip. This enables to
use conventional current injection equipment for testing the The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit has three
protection relays. connectors (J1, J3 and J4) to which the user can connect.
They are situated on the upper part of the power supply
The selfpowered transformers are also connected to and test board and their functions are as follows.
the power supply board using the J7 connector in the
Connector Name Functions Normal use

It must be connected to an NO, volt-free contact. When it is activated, the
J1 EXT. TRIP Transformer thermometer
protection device trips if an overcurrent protection function is activated.
Protection unit test
This is an NO, volt-free contact which is activated when the protection
J3 TRIP Trip signal for remotely-controlled
device is tripped. It also works in self powered mode.
installations
Auxiliary power supply input:
230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for those Relay power supply (LVB of the
J4 V. AUX
with auxiliary power supply (10 kV insulated in relation to the rest of the transformer to protect, battery, etc.)
equipment, in self powered models)
Table 7.6. Connector functionallity
36 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7.3.4. ekor.rpt electrical diagram
Figure 7.9. ekor.rpt electrical diagram
For more details, please see electrical diagram No.

990,042, which shows the electrical connections
between the different parts of the ekor.rpg unit and
the cubicle.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 37

7.3.5. Installation of toroidal-core current transformers
The installation of toroidal-core current transformers requires

special attention. It is the main cause of untimely tripping
problems, and its improper operation can cause trips that
go undetected during commissioning. Aspects that must be
considered in the installation.
1. The toroidal-core current transformers are installed on the
outgoing cables of the cubicle. The inner diameter is 82 mm,
which means that MV cables can easily pass through the
inside.
2. The earthing screen MUST go through the toroidal-core
current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable
remaining above the toroidal-core current transformer. In
this case, the braided pair goes through the inside of the
toroidal-core current transformer before it is connected to
the earthing of the cubicle. The braided pair must not touch
any metal part, such as the cable support or other areas of
the cable compartment, before it is connected to the cubicle’s
earth.
3. The earthing screen must NOT go through the toroidal-core
current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable
remaining under the toroidal-core current transformer. In this
Earth screen: it must pass through the inside of the toroidal-
case, the braided pair is connected directly to the earthing 1 core
collector of the cubicle. If there is no braided pair for the
earthing screen because it is connected at the other end (as Figure 7.10. Installation of toroidal-core transformers
in metering cubicles), the twisted pair should also not go
through the toroidal-core current transformer.
7.3.6. Checking and maintenance
The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit is To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below:
designed to perform the operating test necessary for both a. Open the cubicle’s switch-disconnector and then earth the
commissioning and regular maintenance checks. Several output.
levels of checks are available depending on the possibility b. Access the cable compartment and pass a test cable
of interrupting service and accessing the MV cubicle cable through the toroidal-core current transformers.
compartment.
c. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester.
1. Check through the primary: This case corresponds to d. Connect the power supply board’s J3 connector to the
the tests that are performed on the equipment when it is tester’s timer stopper input.
completely shut down, since it involves actuating the switch-
e. Open the earthing switch and close the switch. Reset the
disconnector and earthing the cubicle outgoing cables.
When current is injected through the toroidal-core current latch and remove the actuating lever in order to leave the
transformers, you must check that the protection opens the cubicle ready for tripping.
switch within the selected time. In addition, you must make f. Inject the test currents and verify the tripping times are
sure that the tripping indications are correct and that all the correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed.
events are being recorded in the history log.
For phase trips, the test cable must pass through two toroidal-
core current transformers. The cable must pass through each
To perform this check, the unit must be powered up.
of them in opposite direction; in other words, if in the first one
Hence more than 5 A must be injected, or it must
current flows up bottom, in the other it must flow bottom up
be connected to 230 Vac for self powered relays. As
so that the sum of the two currents equals zero and no earth
regards those which have auxiliary power supply, feed
trip occur.
the voltage through the board’s J4 connector..
For earth trips, the test cable is passed through a single
toroidal-core current transformer (zero-sequence or phase
toroidal, depending on whether a zero-sequence toroidal is
available or not). Trip tests must be performed for all toroidal-
core current transformers to check the proper operation of
the complete unit.
38 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

2. Check through the secondary. In this case, the tests are g. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester.
performed on the equipment when the cable compartment h. Connect the power supply board’s J3 connector to the
is not accessible. This occurs because the cubicle outgoing
tester’s timer stopper input.
cables are energised and cannot be connected to earth. In
this case, it is not possible to feed a test cable through the i. If the switch can be opened, put it in closed position.
toroidal transformers and current must be injected from the Reset the latch and remove the actuating lever in order
power supply board. This testing method is much better than to leave the cubicle ready for tripping and connect the
using testing equipment (normally more than 100 A). bistable trigger. If the switch cannot be operated, the
bistable trigger should remain disconnected and the
checking process should be performed as shown in next
section: “Check without switch operation”.
j. Inject the secondary test currents taking into account
that the transformation ratio is 300 / 1 A. Check that the
trip times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly
displayed.
It is advisable to perform the check through the

primary or the check through the secondary
annually to guarantee correct equipment operation.
3. Check without operating the switch. In many occasions, the

protection cubicle switch cannot be operated and therefore,
Figure 7.11. Tarjeta de alimentación the maintenance checks are performed exclusively on the
electronic unit. In these cases, the following points shall be
To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: considered.
a. Access the control’s upper compartment where the power a. Always disconnect the bistable trigger. This way, the relay
supply board is located. can trip without acting upon the opening mechanism.
b. Disconnect the bistable trigger. b. Inject the current according to the section above “check
c. Disconnect the blue, brown, black and earth cables of the through the secondary”.
J8 connector, corresponding to points J8-6, J8-8, J8-10 c. The toroidal-core current transformers can be verified if
and J8-1 respectively. the approximate consumption is known. The current that
d. Connect the previously disconnected cables to the earth circulates through the secondary J8-6 (blue), J8-8 (brown)
points N of connector J8-3. This operation will short- and J8-10 (black) must correspond to the 300 / 1 A ratio.
circuit the current transformers’ secondary circuitry. d. As regards selfpowered relays, check that the selfpowered
e. Connect the power supply to the J4 connector: 230 Vac for transformers provide the operating power needed by the
selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for relay, if the primary current is greater than 5 A. To do this,
auxiliary power supply units. check that the voltage in connector J7 (between points
1 - blue and 2- brown) is greater than 10 Vdc.
f. Connect the test cable to the J8 connector, bearing in
mind the following ratio between the connector’s points
and the phases:
Current through L1 – J8-6 and J8-1.
Current through L1 and L2 (without earthing current) - J8-6
and J8-8.
and J8-10.
and J8-10
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 39

7.4. ekor.rpg Units
7.4.1. Functional description
The ekor.rpg unit is used for the general protection of

lines, private installations, transformers, etc. It is installed
in circuit-breaker cubicles - models cgmcosmos-v, and/
or cgm.3-v - so that the electronic unit performs all the
protection functions.
When an overcurrent that is within the relay operational

value range is detected, this relay acts upon a low power
bistable trigger that opens the circuit-breaker.
1 Checking terminal block

2 ekor.rpg electronic relay
3 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers
Figure 7.12. Functional description
40 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7.4.2. Technical characteristics
The ekor.rpg protection unit is used to protect the following

power ratings:
cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems
ekor.rpg with 5 - 100 A transformers ekor.rpg with 15 – 630 A transformers
Line voltage
[kV] P. mín P. máx
[kVA] [kVA] [kVA]
6.6 50 160 5000
10 100 200 7500
13.8 100 315 10 000
15 100 315 12 000
20 160 400 15 000
25(1) 200 630 20 000
30(1) 250 630 25 000
(1)
For and cgm.3 system cubicles
Table 7.7. Power ratings
Selection process for the ekor.rpg unit protection 7. Instantaneous time delay T>>. This value corresponds with
parameters in cgmcosmos-v, and cgm.3-v cubicles: the protection trip time in the event a short-circuit occurs. It
depends on the coordination with other protections and the
1. Determine the system power to be protected and select the normal values are between 0.1 and 0.5 s.
ekor.rpg model in accordance with the table above. In the case of a general protection for two transformers,
2. Calculate the rated current In = S / √3 x Un. 1000 kVA each:
3. Define the continuous overload level I>. Normal values S = 2000 kVA, Un = 15 kV
in transformers of up to 2000 kVA are 20 % for distribution
installations and 5 % for power generation installations. The steps to follow for proper setting of the protection relay
are the following:
4. Select the transitory overload curve. Coordination between
relay curves and LV fuses is performed with the EI type curve. a. Rated current.
5. Define the delay time in transitory overload K. This parameter In = S / √3 x Un = 2000 kVA / √3 x 15 kV ≅ 77 A
is defined by the transformer’s thermal constant. This way, the b. Continuous withstand overload 20 %.
greater the constant, the longer it takes for the transformer’s In x I> = 77 A x 1.2 ≅ 92 A
temperature to increase under an overload condition; and
therefore, the protection trigger can be delayed longer. The c. Extremely Inverse Curve type. E.I.
normal value for distribution transformers is K = 0.2, which d. Transitory overload factor. K = 0.2
means that it trips in 2 s if the overload is 300 % in the EI curve.
e. Short-circuit level. In x I> x I>> = 77 A x 1,2 x 10 ≅ 924 A
6. Short-circuit level I>>. The maximum value of the transformer’s
magnetisation current must be determined. The current peak f. Instantaneous time delay T>> = 0,1 s
produced when a no-load transformer is connected, due to
the effect of a magnetised nucleus, is several times greater The earth unit setting depends on the characteristics of
than the rated current. This peak value, up to 12 times the the network where the equipment is installed. In general,
rated value (10 times for more than 1000 kVA) has a very the earth fault values are high enough to be detected as
high harmonic content, so its fundamental 50 Hz component overcurrent. In the isolated or resonant earthed neutral
is much less. So, a normal setting value for this parameter
is between 7 and 10. In the case of general protections for
networks, when the fault value is very low, in other words,
several transformers, this value can be lower. when the earth protection is set to a value below 10 %
of the rated phase current, it is recommended that an
ultrasensitive earth protection be used.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 41

The values of the setting parameters must guarantee up to 2000 kVA, the settings below are given as a general
selectivity with the main switch protections. Given the example. It must be ensured that they properly apply to
variety of protection criteria and types of neutral used in the the protections upstream (general, line or main switch
networks, it does not exist a single parameterisation; each protections, among others.)
case requires a specific parameterisation. For transformers
Phase setting
Rated current Curve Instantaneous I> K I>> T>>
In = S / √3 x Un = 77 A EI DT 1.2 0.2 10 0.1
Table 7.8. Phase setting
Earth setting
Type of neutral Curve Instantaneous Io> Ko Io>> To>>
Solid or impedant NI DT 0.2 0.2 5 0.1
Isolated or resonant NI DT 0.1 / Ig = 2 A (*) 0.2 5 0.2
* In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used
Table 7.9. Setting of earth
7.4.3. Installation in a cubicle
The integral parts of the ekor.rpg units are the electronic power supply board. The signals that are operational for
relay, the power supply and test board and flip-flop trigger the user are located on a terminal block that can be short-
and the current sensors. circuited and accessed from the upper part of the cubicle.
Furthermore, there is a volt-free contact (G3-G4) which is
The electronic relay is fixed to the cubicle driving mechanism simultaneously activated with the relay trip. This enables to
using anchors. The front of the equipment, which contains use conventional current injection equipment for testing
the components of the user interface, display, keys, the protection relays.
communication ports, etc., is accessible from the outside
without the need to remove the driving mechanism The functionality of the terminal block G for connecting the
enclosure. The rear contains the X1 and X2 connectors (see user is described below
section 7.4.4) as well as the wiring that connects it to the
Terminals Name Functions Normal Use

Auxiliary power supply input:
230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac Relay power supply (TS transformer’s
G1-G2 V.AUX
for those with auxiliary power supply (10 kV insulated in relation LV board, battery, etc.)
to the rest of the equipment, in self powered models).
Protection unit test
This is an NO, volt-free contact which is activated when the
G3-G4 TRIP Trip signal for remotely-controlled
protection device is tripped. It also works in self powered mode.
installations
It must be connected to an NO, volt-free contact. When it is
G5-G6 EXT.TRIP activated, the protection device trips if an overcurrent protection Transformer thermometer
function is enabled.
Short-circuitable and disconnectable terminals for secondary Current injection for secondary relay
G7-…-G12 IP1,IP2,…
current circuits. tests
Table 7.10. Functionality of the terminal block G for connecting the user
42 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7.4.4. ekor.rpg electrical diagram
Figure 7.13. ekor.rpg electrical diagram
For more details, please see electrical diagram No.

996,410, which shows the electrical connections between
the different parts of the ekor.rpg unit and the cubicle.
1 ekor.rpg relay configuration interconnection

2 DB-9 Male (relay)
3 DB-9 Female (PC)
4 RS485 communications connection
Figure 7.15. ekor.rpg frontal and rear connection diagram

Figure 7.14. Front and rear view
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 43

7.4.5. Installation of Toroidal-core current transformers
In cgmcosmos-v and cgm.3-v cubicles, the current The terminals that can be used with the toroidal-core current
transformers are installed in the cubicle bushings. Therefore transformers mounted in the bushings are as follows:
there are no problems with connection errors in the earthing
grid. Additionally, these toroidal-core current transformers are
equipped with a test connection for conducting maintenance
operations.
12 kV 12 kV cross- 24 kV 24 kV cross- 36 kV 36 kV cross-

Current
Manufacturer Type of section Type of section Type of section
rating [A]
connector [mm2] connector [mm2] connector [mm2]
400 400 TE 70 - 300 K-400TE 25 - 300 - -
630 400 LB 50 - 300 K-400LB 50 - 300 - -
EUROMOLD
630 400 TB 70 - 300 K-400TB 35 - 300 M-400TB 25 - 240
630 440 TB 185 - 630 K-440TB 185 - 630 M-440TB 185 - 630
Table 7.11. Terminals
For other type of terminals[1], the toroidal-core current

transformers must be loosened and installed directly on the
cables, in accordance with the instructions listed in section
7.3.5.
7.4.6. Checking and maintenance
The ekor.rpg protection, metering and control unit is To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below:
designed to perform the operating test necessary for both a. Open the cubicle’s circuit-breaker. Close the earthing
commissioning and regular maintenance checks. Several switch and then close the circuit-breaker for an effective
levels of checks are available depending on the possibility earthing.
of interrupting service and accessing the MV cubicle cable b. Access the cable compartment and connect the test
compartment. cable to the test connector of the toroidal-core current
transformers.
To perform this check, the unit must be powered up.
c. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester.
Hence more than 5 A must be injected, or it must
be connected to 230 Vac for selfpowered relays. As d. Connect terminals G3-G4 to the tester’s timer stopper
regards those which have auxiliary power supply, feed input.
the voltage through the board’s J4 connector. e. Open the circuit-breaker. Open the earthing switch and
then close the circuit-breaker. To open the circuit-breaker
1. Check through the primary: In this case the tests are using the protection unit, the earthing switch must be
performed on the equipment when it is completely shut open.
down, since it involves actuating the circuit-breaker and
earthing the cubicle outgoing cables. When current is f. Inject the test currents and verify the tripping times are
injected through the toroidal-core current transformers, you correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed.
must check that the protection opens the circuit-breaker In order to detect phase trips, the test cable must be connected
within the selected time. In addition, you must make sure that to the test bars of two toroidal-core current transformers. The
the tripping indications are correct and that all the events are current must go through each one in opposite directions. In
being recorded in the history log. other words, if the current flows up bottom in one of the test
cables, in the other it must flow bottom up so that the sum of
the two currents is zero and no earth fault trips occur.
For earth trips, the test cable is connected to a single
toroidal-core current transformer (zero-sequence or phase
toroidal transformer, depending on whether a zero-sequence
toroidal is available or not). Trip tests must be performed for
all toroidal-core current transformers to check the proper
Consult Ormazabal’s technical-commercial department.
[4] operation of the complete unit.
44 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

2. Check through the secondary with circuit-breaker f. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester.
operation: g. Connect the G3-G4 connector to the tester’s timer stopper
In this case, the tests are performed on the equipment when input.
the cable compartment is not accessible. This occurs because h. If the circuit-breaker can be opened, put it in closed
the cubicle outgoing cables are energised and cannot be position. If the circuit-breaker cannot be operated, make
connected to earth. In this case, the test cable cannot be
sure the bistable trigger remains disconnected, and start
connected to the test connection in the toroidal-core current
the check as explained in the following section “check
transformers and the current injection is performed through
without circuit-breaker operation”.
the test terminal block. This testing method is also used when
the primary current values being tested are much greater i. Inject the secondary test currents taking into account
than those produced by test equipment (normally greater that the transformation ratio is 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A,
than 100 A). depending on the model. Verify the tripping times are
correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed.
3. Check through the secondary without circuit-breaker
operation: In many occasions, the protection cubicle circuit-
breaker cannot be operated and therefore, the maintenance
checks are performed exclusively on the electronic unit. In
theses cases, the following points shall be considered:
a. Always disconnect the bistable trigger. This way, the relay
can trip without acting upon the opening mechanism.
b. Inject the current according to the section above “check
through the secondary with circuit-breaker operation”.
c. The toroidal-core current transformers can be verified
if the approximate consumption is known. The current
that circulates through the G7 (blue), G8 (brown) and G9
(black) secondaries must correspond to the ratio of 300 /
1 A or 1000 / 1 A.
d. As regards selfpowered relays, check that the selfpowered
transformers provide the operating power needed by the
relay, if the primary current is greater than 5 A. To do this,
check that the voltage in connector J7 (between points
1 - blue and 2 - brown) is greater than 10 Vdc.
Figure 7.16. Checking terminal block
To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below:

a. Access the driving mechanism upper compartment
where the checks and test terminal block is located.
b. Disconnect the bistable trigger.
c. Short-circuit, and then disconnect current circuit
terminals G7, G8, G9, G10, G11 and G12. This procedure
short-circuits the current transformer secondaries.
d. Connect the power supply to the G1-G2 connector: 230
Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110
Vac for auxiliary power supply units.
e. Connect the test cable to terminals G7 to G12, taking into
account the following relation between the connector’s
points and the phases.
Current through L1 – G7 and G12.
Current through L1 and L2 (without earthing current) - G7
and G8.
and G9.
and G9
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 45

Setting and handling menus
8. Setting and handling menus
8.1. Keypad and alphanumeric display
As can be seen in the image, the ekor.rp protection,

metering and control units have a total of 6 keys:
SET: gives access to the ‘parameter setting’ mode. In

addition, the key has a confirmation function within the
various menus of the ‘parameter setting’ mode. This function
is explained in greater detail in this section.
ESC: This key allows the user to return to the main screen
(‘display’) from any screen without saving changes made to
the settings up to this point. Using this key, the unit’s trip
indications can be reset.
Scrolling keys: The ‘up’ and ‘down’ arrows enable the user to
scroll through the different menus and change values. The
‘right’ and ‘left’ arrows allow values in the ‘parameter setting’
menu to be selected for modification, as detailed later.
Along with the keypad, the relays have an alphanumeric

Figure 8.1. ekor.rp protection, metering and control units
display which makes it easier to use them. To save energy,
the relay has a standby mode (display switched off ), which
starts to operate any time the relay does not receive an
external signal for 1 minute (pressing of any key, except
the SET key, or communication via RS-232), or for 2 minutes
if the user is modifying the parameters in the ‘parameter
setting’ mode. Likewise, if either type of external signal is
received (pressing of the ESC, arrow up, down, left or right
keys; or communication via RS-232) the relay will exit the
standby mode and return to its active status, as long as the
relay remains powered. Figure 8.2. SET key
Figure 8.3. ESC key
Figure 8.4. Scrolling keys
46 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

8.2. Display
The ‘Display’ mode is the normal mode of the relay when

in operation. Its main function is to allow the user to view
various unit parameters which can be summarised in
4 groups:
1. Current metering
2. Viewing the setting values
3. Values of the last and penultimate trip
4. Current date and time
The ‘display’ mode is shown by default in the relay, both

when it is switched on and when it returns from its standby
status, or when pressing the ESC key from any screen. In this
operating mode, the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys are enabled so that
the user can scroll through the various parameters in the
‘display’ mode. The SET key gives access to the ‘parameter
setting’ mode.
Figure 8.5. Current date and time
The following figure shows an example of several ‘display’
mode screens for the ekor.rp units.
The screens shown in the relay display consist of two data

lines. The first indicates the parameter for the specific
screen; the second establishes the value of this parameter.
Additionally, error codes can be indicated in both the

display screen and the two data lines (refer to section 8.5:
“Error codes”). These indications are displayed with the
other indications.
Figure 8.6. Screen ‘display’ mode
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 47

A table with the “display” mode parameters sequence is

shown below. This table includes the text that appears on
the first line of the relay display, along with an explanation
of the corresponding parameter.
Parámetro Significado
I1. A Phase 1 current metering
I0. A Zero-sequence current metering
I> Phase curve type (NI, VI, EI, DT, disabled)
I0> Zero-sequence curve type (NI, VI, EI, DT, disabled)
I>> Instantaneous phase unit enabled/disabled
I0>> Instantaneous zero-sequence unit enabled/disabled
In. A Phase full load current
I> Phase overload factor
K Constant phase multiplier
I>> Phase instantaneous multiplier
T>> Phase instantaneous time delay
I0> Earth leakage factor
K0 Constant zero-sequence multiplier
I0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous multiplier
T0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous time delay
H2. A Current at last trip
H2 Cause of last trip
H2.TM Time delay of last trip, from start-up to the trip
H2.DT Last trip date
H2.YE Last trip year
H2.HR Hour and minute of last trip
H2.SE Last trip second
H1. A Penultimate trip current
H1 Penultimate trip cause
H1.TM Time delay of the penultimate trip, from start up to the trip
H1.DT Penultimate trip date
H1.YE Penultimate trip year
H1.HR Hour and minute of penultimate trip
H1.SE Penultimate trip second
DATE Current date
YEAR Current year
HOUR Current time
SEC Current second
Table 8.1. “Display” mode parameter sequence
48 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

8.3. Parameter setting
The ‘parameter setting’ menu can be accessed from any When the relay is in the ‘parameter setting’ menu, the
screen of the ‘display’ menu by pressing the SET key. The indication SET on the lower middle section of the relay
protection remains operational with the initial parameters, screen allows the user to identify the menu quickly.
until the user returns to the ‘display’ menu by pressing on
the SET key again.
As a precautionary measure, the ‘parameter setting’ menu

is protected by a password, which is entered each time the
user wishes to access this menu. By default, all of the ekor.
rp units have the password 0000. This password can be
modified by the user as explained further on.
This menu allows the user to make changes to various relay

parameters. These parameters can be grouped as follows:
1. Parameters for the protection and detection functions
2. Date and time
3. Communication parameters
4. Information on the number of trips
5. Password change
Figure 8.7. Parameter setting
8.3.1. Protection parameters
The ekor.rp units include two methods for selecting the transformer power (Pt), and line voltage (Tr). From these
setting parameters. manual and automatic. 2 pieces of data, the relay sets the parameters according to:
The manual method consists of entering each protection Pt

In =
parameter one by one. (Tr × 3 )
On the other hand, the automatic method makes the
parameter entry easier and quicker for the user. In this The selected full load current value is achieved by always
method, the user simply enters 2 pieces of data: Installation rounding up the value.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 49

The rest of setting values are fixed (see the table below), the program from the manual mode.
although the user can change any of the values selected in
Phase protection Earth protection

Setting Automatic value Setting Automatic value
Overload factor 120 % Earth leakage factor 20 %
Curve type EI Curve type NI
Constant multiplier 0.2 Constant multiplier 0.2
Short-circuit factor 10(*) Short-circuit factor 5
Trip time 0.1(*) Trip time 0.1(*)
Tripping enabled DT Tripping enabled DT
* For protection using the ekor.rpt-101, 201 or 301 models with 5 – 100 A range transformers, the short-circuit factor is 7 and the instantaneous tripping
time is 0.4.
Table 8.2. Protection parameter
8.3.2. Parameter setting menu
When accessing the ‘parameter setting’ menu through

the SET key, the relay requests a password. The settings
introduction area is accessed once it is verified that the
password is correct. At this moment, manual configuration
(CONF PAR) or automatic configuration (CONF TRAF) must
be selected. You can change from one to the other using the
‘right’ and ‘left’ keys. Press the SET key to select the desired
option. The diagram on the right graphically explains this
process.
Once inside any of the two settings entry areas, the user
can move from one parameter to another using the ‘up’
and ‘down’ keys, the same as in the ‘display’ mode. Press
the ESC or SET key to exit this menu and access the ‘display’
menu. The ESC key will disregard all setting changes made
previously, whereas the SET key will save all data before
continuing.
Figure 8.8. Parameter setting
50 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

To change a setting, proceed as follows: The password can be modified by first entering the current
password. The process is explained graphically in the
1. Display the setting to be changed on the screen.
diagram on the right. As shown in this diagram, password
2. Press the ‘left’ or ‘right’ keys. The data will start to flash.
modification consists of four steps.
3. Adjust the value required with the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys. If the
setting is numeric, the blinking number can be changed with
the ‘left’ or ‘right’ keys.
4. To exit, press SET (save and exit), or ESC (clear changes and
exit).
Figure 8.10. Password modification

Figure 8.9. Setting modification
The two following tables show the protection parameters in
the ‘parameter setting’ menu, along with an explanation of
each of them and the values they can have. This information
is shown for each of the two setting modes: manual or
automatic.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 51

Parameter Meaning Range

I> Phase curve type / unit disabling OFF, NI, VI, EI, DT
I0> Zero-sequence curve type / unit disabling OFF, NI, VI, EI, DT
I>> Enabling instantaneous phase unit OFF, DT
I0>> Enabling instantaneous earth unit OFF, DT
192 A for ekor.rpx - x01
In. A Phase full load current
480 A for ekor.rpx - x02
I> Phase overload factor 1.00 – 1.30
K Constant phase multiplier 0.05 – 1.6
I>> Phase instantaneous multiplier 1 – 25
T>> Phase instantaneous time delay 0.05 – 2.5
**I0> Earth leakage factor 0.1 – 0.8
K0 Constant zero-sequence multiplier 0.05 – 1.6
I0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous multiplier 1 – 25
T0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous time delay 0,05 – 2,5
DATE Modify current day (day and month) 1 - 31 / 1 - 12
YEAR Modify the current year 2000 – 2059
HOUR Modify the current time 00: 00 - 23: 59
SEC. Modify the current second 0 - 59
*NPER Peripheral number 0 – 31
*PROT Protocol number 0000[5] MODBUS-0001
*BAUD Transmission speed (kbps) 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; 9.6; 19.2; 38.4
*PARI Parity No, even, odd
*LEN Word length 7; 8
*STOP Stop bits 1; 2
DT.AD Day and month on which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
YE.AD Year in which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
HR.AD Time at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
SE.AD Second at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
NTP Number of phase trips Cannot be changed
NTG Number of earth trips Cannot be changed
*V.0 Firmware version Cannot be changed
PSWU Password modification 0000 - 9999
* Only available for firmware version 18 or later.
** In the case of zero-sequence toroidal transformer, the range is 0.5 A-In and the parameter is Ig.
Table 8.3. Manual setting menu
ekor.soft communication protocol

[5]
52 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Parameter Meaning Range

50; 100; 160; 200; 250; 315; 400; 500; 630; 800; 1000; 1250;
tP 0W Transformer power (kVA)
1600; 2000
Tvol Line voltage (kV) 6,6; 10; 12; 13,2; 15; 20; 25; 30
DATE Current day and month 1 – 31 / 1 - 12
YEAR Current year 2000 - 2059
HOUR Current time 00: 00 – 23: 59
SEC. Current second 0 - 59
*NPER Peripheral number 0 - 31
*PROT Protocol number 0000[6] (MODBUS) - 0001
*BAUD Transmission speed (kbps) 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; 9.6; 19.2; 38.4
*PARI Parity No, even, odd
*LEN Word length 7, 8
*STOP Stop bits 1, 2
DT.AD Day and month on which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
YE.AD Year in which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
HR.AD Time at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
SE.AD Second at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed
NTP Number of phase trips Cannot be changed
NTG Number of earth trips Cannot be changed
NTE Number of external trips Cannot be changed
*V.0 Firmware version Cannot be changed
PSWU Password modification 0000 - 9999
* Only available for firmware version 18 or later
Table 8.4. Automatic setting menu
ekor.soft communication protocol.

[6]
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 53

8.4. Trip recognition
Whenever a trip occurs, the relay immediately accesses the

‘Trip recognition” menu. This menu can be easily identified
because a blinking arrow is located on the upper part of the
display, just below the name of the function that has caused
the trip. The ekor.rp units signal five possible trip causes
using the upper arrow:
1. Phase time-delayed trip I>
2. Phase instantaneous trip I>>
3. Earth time-delayed trip I0>
4. Earth instantaneous trip I0>>
5. External trip Ext
To quit the ‘trip recognition’ menu, press the ESC key from
any of the menu screens. The relay recognises that the user
has checked the trip and then returns to the first screen of
the ‘display’ menu. In any case, the trip data will continue to Figure 8.11. Trip recognition
be available to the user from the ‘display’ menu until two
new trips have occurred. The following table shows the sequence in which the data
appear. As in the rest of the menus, the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys
The various screens of the of ‘trip recognition’ menu are used to scroll throughout the various data:
provide two types of information. The initial screen shows
the current detected at the tripping moment, by phase Parameter Meaning
or earth depending on the tripped unit. Subsequent ‘trip Ix A Current at the tripping moment
Ix TM Time elapsed from unit start up to the trip
recognition’ screens display the date and time of the trip,
Ix DT Day and month on which the trip occurred
along with the time elapsed from the unit start up to the
Ix YE Year in which the trip occurred
trip.
Ix HR Time at which the trip occurred
Ix SE Second in which the trip occurred
Where subscript x depends on the cause of the trip: e1 f, e2 f, e3 f or
e0 f, for phase 1, phase 2, phase 3 or zero-sequence, respectively.
Table 8.5. Appearance of data sequence
8.5. Error codes
The ekor.rp units have a series of error codes used to warn

the user regarding the different anomalies that may occur
in the system.
The different error codes are identified by a number, just as

shown in the figure on the right. The following error codes
may be displayed on the ekor.rp unitsp:
Code
shown
Meaning
on the
display
230 Vca in the external trip input (this input is to be
ER 01
connected to a volt-free contact)
ER 03 Error when opening switch
Table 8.6. Error codes
Figure 8.12. Error display
54 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

8.6. Menu map (quick access)
The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the

submenus for the ekor.rp units, as well as a brief explanation
of each one.
Figure 8.13. Menu map (1)
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 55

56 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

The on-screen representation of the equipment for last and Fault history log
penultimate trips is detailed below: Hn Last trip (n = 2). Penultimate trip (n = 1)
Hn A | amp. Current at the moment of tripping (A = amps)
Reason for tripping:
X = Trip at phase 1 (R), 2 (S), 3 (T), or (neutral),
Hn |Fxy trip external (ext.)
Y = Trip. time delayed (>) or instantaneous
(>>)
Hn TM | time Time elapsed from unit start up to the trip (mSg.)
Hn DT | date Day and month on which the trip occurred
Hn YE | year Year in which the trip occurred
Hn HR | time Time at which the trip occurred
Hn SE | sec. Second in which the trip occurred
Table 8.7. Fault history
Figure 8.15. View of last and penultimate trips on the menu map
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 57

MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units
9. MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units
The two communication ports of the relay use the same

protocol: MODBUS in RTU transmission mode (binary). The
main advantage of this mode over the ASCII mode is that
the information is packed tighter, allowing a higher data
transmission rate at the same communication speed. Each
message must be transmitted as a continuous string, as
the silences are used to detect the end of the message. The
minimum duration of the silence is 3.5 characters.
Start Address Function Data CRC End

Silence 8 bits 8 bits n x 8 bits 16 bits Silence
Table 9.1. RTU message frame
The MODBUS address of the relay (also called peripheral

number) is a byte that takes values between 0 and 31.
The master addresses the slave, indicating its address in the 1 ekor.bus
respective field and the slave answers by indicating its own 2 Parametters settings
address. The ‘0’ address is reserved for the ‘broadcast’ mode so
Figure 9.1. MODBUS address
it can be recognised by all slaves.
9.1. Read / write functions
In principle, only two functions will be implemented, one

for reading and another for writing data.
9.1.1. Data reading
Question:

Silence SLAD ‘3’ ADDR-H ADDR-L NDATA-H NDATA-L 16 bits Silence
Table 9.2. Question
Response:
Start Address Function No. of bytes Data CRC End

Silence SLAD ‘3’ N DATA1-H DATA1-L ....... 16 bits Silence
Table 9.3. Response
where:
SLAD Slave address
ADDR-H High byte of the address for the first register to be read
ADDR-L Low byte of the address for the first register to be read
NDATA-H High byte of the number of registers to be read
NDATA-L Low byte of the number of registers to be read
DATA1-H High byte of the first register requested
DATA1-L Low byte of the first register requested
N Total number of data bytes. This will be equal to the
number of registers requested, multiplied by 2
58 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

9.1.2. Data writing
This makes it possible to write a single register at the

address indicated
Response:

Silence SLAD ‘6’ ADDR-H ADDR-L DATA-H DATA-L 16 bits Silence
Table 9.4. Question
Response:
The normal response is an echo of the query received

where:
SLAD Slave address
ADDR-H High byte of the address for the register to be written
ADDR-L Low byte of the address for the register to be written
DATA-H High byte of the data to be written
DATA-L Low byte of the data to be written
9.1.3. Response in case of error
Start Address Function Error-Code CRC End

Silence SLAD FUNC_ERR CODE_ERROR 16 bits Silence
Table 9.5. Response in case of error
where:
SLAD Slave address
FUNC_ERR Code of the function requested, with the most significant bit at 1
CODE_ Code of the error occurred
ERROR ‘1’ Error in the number of registers
‘2’ Wrong address
‘3’ Incorrect data
‘4’ Attempt made to read a write-only address
‘5’ Session error
‘6’ EEPROM error
‘8’ Attempt being made to write in a read-only address
9.2. Password-protected register writing
The parameters are protected against writing by the user respective password has been transmitted again. If the
password. timeout period has elapsed, the process is aborted and
the system returns to normal mode. In normal mode, any
A write session of password-protected parameters starts attempt to write a protected registration will result in an
by entering the password in the respective address. The error code 2’. The write session is valid for only one port (the
write session ends with the update of registers once the one that entered the password has priority).
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 59

9.3. CRC generation
The cyclical redundancy check (CRC) field contains two The CRC is the remainder obtained when dividing the
bytes that are added to the end of the message. The receiver message by a binary polynomial. The receiver must divide
must re-calculate it and compare it with the received value. all bits received (information plus CRC) by the same
Both values must be equal. polynomial used to calculate the CRC. If the remainder
obtained is 0, the information frame is deemed correct.
The polynomial used will be: X15+X13+1
9.4. Register map
Field Address Contents

from 5 to 100 if RATED_I = 0
In 0x0000
from 15 to 630 if RATED_I = 1
CURVE_PHASE– CURVE_ ZERO-SEQ 0x0001 0: OFF; 1: NI; 2: VI; 3:EI; 4: DT
PHASE_INST ZERO-SEQ_INST 0x0002 0: OFF, 1: DT
PHASE_INST_OVERLOAD (I>) 0x0003 0: 100 %; 1: 101 %; 2: 102 %,... 30: 130 %
Vector_sum 0-sequence_toroidal
ZERO-SEQ_CURRENT (Io>) 0x0004 0: 10 %; 1: 11 %; 0: 0.1; 1 :0.2; 2: 1.5 A
…80 % …In
K Ko 0x0005 0: 0.05; 1: 0.06; ... 20 :1.6
PHASE_INST_OCCUR ZERO-SEQ_INST_OCCUR 0x0006 0: 3; 1: 4;…17: 20
0 → 50 ms, 1 → 60 ms 2, → 70 ms, 3 → 80 ms 4 → 90 ms,
PHASE_INST_TIME ZERO-SEQ_INST_TIME 0x0007
5 → 100 ms, 6 → 200 ms...2,5 s
PHASE_TRIP_COUNTER 0x0008 from 0000 to 9999
EARTH_TRIP_COUNTER 0x0009 from 0000 to 9999
EXTERNAL_TRIP_COUNTER 0x000a from 0000 to 9999
USER_PASSWORD 0x000b from 0000 to 9999
Vector_sum 0-sequence_toroidal
ZERO-SEQ_CURRENT (Io>) 0x000c 0: 10 %; 1: 11 %; 0: 0.1; 1: 0.2; 2: 0.3 A
…80% …In
Table 9.6. User settings: user password-protected writing
60 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16


YEAR 0x0200
MONTH DAY 0x0201
User setting date RTC format
HOUR MINUTE 0x0202
00 SECONDS 0x0203
PENULT_TRIP LAST_TRIP 0x0208 Bit Contents
0 Trip by phase
1 1: L1, 2: L2, 3: L3
2 Zero-sequence trip
3 NOT USED
4 External trip
5 Cause of the phase trip
0: overload,
1: short-circuit
6 Cause of the zero-sequence trip.
0: overload,
1: short-circuit
7 Double tripping
PHASE_LAST_TRIP_VALUE 0x0209
Current in hundredths of an A
0x020a
ZERO-SEQ_LAST_TRIP_VALUE 0x020b
Current in hundredths of an A
Tripping history log 0x020c
PHASE_LAST_TRIP_TIME 0x020d Time in hundredths of a s
ZERO-SEQ_LAST_TRIP_TIME 0x020e Time in hundredths of a s
YEAR 0x020f
MONTH DAY 0x0210
RTC format
HOUR MINUTE 0x0211
00 SECONDS 0x0212
PHASE_PENULT_TRIP_VALUE 0x0213 Current in hundredths of an A
0x0215 Current in hundredths of an A

ZERO-SEQ_PENULT_TRIP_VALUE 0x0216
PHASE_PENULT_TRIP_TIME 0x0217 Time in hundredths of a s
ZERO-SEQ_PENULT_TRIP_TIME 0x0218 Time in hundredths of a s
YEAR 0x0219
MONTH DAY 0x021a
RTC format
HOUR MINUTE 0x021b
00 SECONDS 0x021c
Phase current L1 0X021d
Hundredths of on A
0X021e
Phase current L2 0X021f
Hundredths of on A
0X0220
Phase current L3 0X0221
Current metering Hundredths of on A
0X0222
Zero-sequence current 0X0223
Hundredths of on A
0X0224
Bit 0: Input 1,
Inputs 0x0225
bit 1: Input 2, etc.
Software
functions 0x0226 from 0 to 99 from A to Z
version
Table 9.7. History logs; measurements; inputs / outputs; soft version: read
only
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 61


YEAR 0x0300 from 2000 to 2059
MONTH DAY 0x0301 from 1 to 12 from 1 to 31
HOUR MINUTE 0x0302 from 0 to 23 from 0 to 59
00 SECONDS 0x0303 0 from 0 to 59
Table 9.8. Clock
Campo Dirección Contenido

USER PASSWORD KEY 0x0500 from 0 to 9999
Table 9.9. Password keys: writing only
62 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex A
10. Annex A
10.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-v
The following steps must be followed for correct

commissioning:
10.1.1. Verify the power to be protected
cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems
ekor.rpg with 5 – 100 A transformers ekor.rpg with 15 – 630 A transformers
Line voltage
[kV] Min P Max P
[kVA] [kVA] [kVA]
6,6 50 160 5000
10 100 200 7500
13,8 100 315 10000
15 100 315 12000
20 160 400 15000
25(1) 200 630 20000
30(1) 250 630 25000
(1)
for cgm.3 system cubicles only
Table 10.1. cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems
10.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers already installed
1 Bushing
2 Test flatbar
Protection and power supply toroidal-core current transformers
3 (already installed)
Figure 10.1. Toroidal-core current transformers already installed
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 63

Annex A
10.1.3. Connect the HV terminals
Connected terminals (shielded). For non-shielded or plug-in 1 Connect braid to earth collector
1 terminals the current transformers (CT) must be installed on
the cable Figure 10.3. Earth collector
Figure 10.2. Connected terminals
10.1.4. External connections
1. Remove the terminal box cover. 2. Connect to terminal block:

a. G1 - G2: 230 Vac or 48Vdc (depending on model A or B)
b. G5 - G6: external trip (thermostat)
Figure 10.4. Terminal box
Figure 10.5. Connect to terminal block
64 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex A
10.1.5. Set relay
1. Automatic mode:
Installation kV and kVA
2. Manual mode:
Parameters: I>, I0>, I>>,...
Earth setting
Phase setting Type of Solid or Isolated or
neutral impedant resonant
Curve EI Curve NI NI
Instantaneous TD Instantaneous TD TD
0.1 /
I> 1.2 Io> 0.2
Ig = 2 A(*)
K 0.2 Ko 0.2 0.2
I>> 10 Io>> 5 5
T>> 0.1 To>> 0.1 0.2
(*) In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used
Table 10.2. Table of settings

Figure 10.6. Relay
10.1.6. Trip test with current
1. Remove earthing switch and close the switch.

2. Remove 230 Vac (G1 - G2) to check that the selfpower supply
is operating (except B models).
3. Inject test current:
-- In two phase trip flatbars
-- In one earth trip flatbar
4. Repeat for I1, I2 and I3.
Figure 10.7. Trip test with current
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 65

Annex A
10.1.7. External trip test
1. Short-circuit the G5 and G6 2. Check trip and indication ‘EXT’
Figure 10.8. Bornas cortocircuitables Figure 10.9. Indication “EXT”
10.1.8. Commissioning:
1. Check I1 ≈ I2 ≈ I3
2. Check I0 ≈ 0
3. Check 230 Vca connection (if available)
10.1.9. What to do in the event of
Error Reason Possible causes

Error 01 Incorrectly connected thermometer Thermometer connected to 230 V (with potential-free contact)
Switch mechanical blocking
Error 03 Switch Error Relay trip wiring error
Auxiliary contact error
Grid fault incorrectly connected or Check that the grid and the secondary circuits are not incorrectly
I0 ≠ 0
secondary circuit disconnected connected
Incorrect toroidal-core current transformer connection
I1 ≠ I2 ≠ I3 Unbalance
Check secondary circuits
I123 > 5 A and led ‘On’ Incorrectly connected toroidal-core current transformer
Selfpowered
switched off Incorrectly connected relay wiring
Relay trip in I0>> when closing Real fault present.
Time T0 >> insufficient
switch Check if T0 >> sufficient, taking into account toroidal vector sum error
Real fault present
Relay trip in I>> when closing
I >> insufficient Check parameter I >>, taking into account transformer current peak
switch (10 times In )
Incorrect communication cable connections
Relay will not communicate Fault in communication Relay in energy-saving mode. Press a button of relay
Incorrect configuration of communication parameters
Table 10.3. Error
66 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex A

submenus for the ekor.rp units, as well as a brief explanation
of each one..
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 67

Annex A
68 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B
11. Annex B
11.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-p
The following steps must be followed for correct

commissioning:
11.1.1. Verify the power to be protected
cgmcosmos System
Line voltage
voltage
[kV]
6.6 3 / 7.2 16 50 160 (1)
1250
10 6 / 12 10 100 160 (1) 1250
13.8 10 / 24 16 100 100 1250
15 10 / 24 16 125 125 (2) 1600
20 10 / 24 16 160 125 2000
(1)
442 mm cartridge
(2)
125 A SIBA SSK fuse
Table 11.1. cgmcosmos System
cgm.3 System
Line voltage
voltage
[kV]
6.6 3 / 7.2 16 50 160 (1) 1000
10 6 / 12 16 100 125 1250
13.8 10 / 24 10 100 63 800
15 10 / 24 16 125 63 1000
20 10 / 24 16 160 63 1250
25 24 / 36 25 200 80 (2) 2000
30 24 / 36 25 250 80 (2) 2500
(1)
442 mm cartridge
(2)
SIBA SSK fuse (check)
Table 11.2. cgm.3 System
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 69

Annex B
11.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers
Installed on cables.
If the earthing grid originates from:

- underneath the toroidal-core current transformer: do
not pass the grid through it.
-
above the toroidal-core current transformer: pass
the grid through it. Make sure that the screen does
not touch any metal part before connecting it to the
cubicle earth collector.
1 Power supply board

2 Earthing grids
3 Protection and power supply toroidal-core current transformers
4 Cables
Figure 11.1. Toroidal
11.1.3. Connect the HV terminals
Connected terminals (shielded). For non-shielded or plug-in 1 Connect braid to earth collector
1 terminals the current transformers (CT) must be installed on
the cable. Figure 11.3. Earth collector
Figure 11.2. Connected terminals
70 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B
11.1.4. External connections
1. Remove the control box cover. 2. Connect to the power supply board:
c. J1: external trip (thermostat)
d. J4: 230 Vac or 48 Vdc (depending on model A or B)
Figure 11.5. Connect to the power supply board
Figure 11.4. Control box
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 71

Annex B
11.1.5. Set relay
1. Automatic mode:
Installation kV and kVA
2. Manual mode:
Parameters: I>, I0>, I>>
Phase setting
Curve Instantaneous I> K I>> T>>
S
IN = EI TD 1.2 0.2 7 0.4
(UN · 3)
Table 11.3. Table of Phase setting
Earth setting
Type of neutral Curve Instantaneous Io> Ko Io>> To>>
Solid or impedant NI TD 0.2 0.2 5 0.4
Isolated or resonant NI TD 0.1 0.2 5 0.4
* In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used.
Table 11.4. Table of Earth setting
Figure 11.6. Relay
72 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B
11.1.6. Trip test with current
1. Remove earthing switch and close the switch

2. Remove 230 Vac (J4) to check that the selfpower supply is
operating (except B models).
3. Inject test current:
-- Insert the cable in two toroidal-core current
transformers for phase tripping
-- Insert the cable in one toroidal-core current
transformer for earth tripping
4. Repeat for I1, I2 and I3..
Figure 11.7. Trip test with current
11.1.7. External trip test
1. Short-circuit the J1 2. Check trip and indication ‘EXT’
Figure 11.8. Connect to the power supply board
Figure 11.9. Indication “EXT”
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 73

Annex B
11.1.8. Commissioning
1. Check I1 ≈ I2≈ I3
2. Check I0 ≈ 0
3. Check 230 Vca connection (if available)
11.1.9. What to do in the event of
Error Reason Possible causes

Incorrectly connected
Error 01 Thermometer connected to 230 V (with potential-free contact)
thermometer
Switch mechanical blocking
Error 03 Switch error Relay trip wiring error
Auxiliary contact error
Grid fault incorrectly connected or
I0 ≠ 0 Check that the grid and the secondary circuits are not incorrectly connected
secondary circuit disconnected
Incorrect toroidal-core current transformer connection
I1 ≠ I2 ≠ I3 Unbalance
Check secondary circuits
I123 > 5 A and led ‘On’ Incorrectly connected toroidal-core current transformer
Self powered
switched off Incorrectly connected relay wiring
Relay trip in I0>> when Real fault present
Time T0 >> insufficient
closing switch Check if T0 >> sufficient, taking into account toroidal vector sum error
Real fault present
Relay trip in I>> when
I >> insufficient Check parameter I >>, taking into account transformer current peak
closing switch (10 times In )
Incorrect communication cable connections
Relay will not communicate Fault in communication Relay in energy-saving mode. Press a button of relay
Incorrect configuration of communication parameters
Table 11.5. Error
74 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B

submenus for the 5.rp units, as well as a brief explanation
of each one.
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 75

Annex B
76 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General Instructions Notes
Notes
IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 77

Notes General Instructions
Notes
78 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Ormazabal
Subject to changes
Protection &
without prior notice.
Automation
For more information,
IGORRE
contact Ormazabal.
Spain
www.ormazabal.com

Dokumen - Tips Ekorrpg and Ekor Ormazabal Ekorrpg and Ekorrpt Protection Metering and Control

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Dokumen - Tips Ekorrpg and Ekor Ormazabal Ekorrpg and Ekorrpt Protection Metering and Control

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ekor.rpg and ekor.

Protection, metering and control units

1. General description....................................................5 7. Protection, metering and control models...............27

1.1. General functional characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.1. Description of models vs. functions . . . . . . . . . 27

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 3

10. Annex A......................................................................63 11. Annex B .....................................................................69

4 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

EN 60255, EN 61000, EN 62271-200, EN 60068, EN 60044,

Figure 1.1. ekor.sys family: protection, metering and control units

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 5

1.1. General functional characteristics

All the relays of the ekor.rp units include a microprocessor

The current is measured by means of several current

From a maintenance perspective, the ekor rp units have a

6 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

1.2. Parts of the unit

The parts that form the ekor.rp protection, metering and

1 Checking terminal block 1 Power supply board

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 7

1.2.1. Electronic relay

The protection trips are registered on the display with the

The ‘On’ led is activated when the equipment receives power

8 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

1.2.2. Current sensors

The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers

The inner diameter of the toroidal-core current transformers

If the equipment is selfpowered, the toroidal transformers

All the current sensors have an integrated protection

1.2.3. Power supply and test board

The selfpowered equipment’s power supply board

It also has a 230 Vac input with 10 kV level of insulation. This

The power supply board of models with auxiliary power

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 9

1.2.4. Bistable trigger

The bistable trigger is an electromechanical actuator that is

Figure 1.8. Bistable trigger

1.3. Communications and programming software

All the ekor.rp units have two serial communication ports.

The standard communication protocol implemented in all

Figure 1.9. ekor.sys family intercommunicated equipment

For more information about the ekor.soft program, consult

Ormazabal’s IG-155 document.

10 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

The ekor.soft setup program has three main operating

Figure 1.10. ekor.soft displays

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 11

2.1. Transformer protection

The distribution transformers require various protection

Protection units that include the above mentioned

Table 2.1. Protection units 3 Thermometer

Figure 2.2. Transformer protection

12 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

2.2. General protection

Figure 2.3. 2.2. General protection

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 13

2.3. Line protection

Figure 2.4. Line protection

14 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 15

Phase time delay: Phase time delay:

16 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Phase time delay: Phase time delay:

80 * K0 Figure 3.4. Defined time curve

10. Annex A......................................................................63 11. Annex B .....................................................................69