WORKSHEET:
PRIMARY AND SECIONDARY SOURCES FOR TEJEROS CONVENTUION (1897)
PRIMARY SOURCE: SANTIAGO
ALVAREZ “MEMOIRS OF A
GENERAL”
AUTHOR’S He was born on July 25, 1872 in Imus,
BACKGROUND Cavite. He is | the son of Mariano
Alvarez, a Filipino general. He was
a member of the Katipunan secret society
and later became General of the military
under the Magdiwang side. He was called
Kidlat ng Apoy (Lightning of Fire)
because of his bravery and fearlessness in
the battle of Dalhican, Cavite. He was
popularly acclaimed the "Hero of the
Battle of Dalahican" because of his
defense against the Spanish enemy. After
the revolution, he went to the Colegio de
San Juan de Letran where he obtained a
Bachelor of Arts, and then took up law at
the Liceo de Manila.
Upon establishment of the American civil
government in the Philippines, he is one
of the founders of the Nacionalista Party
wherein he later became president. He
died October 30, 1930, at age 58 in San
Pablo City
WHEN WAS THE The account was written in 1927 when he
ACCOUNT WRITTEN? was 50 years old. It was serialized in 36
installments from July 24, 1927 to April
15, 1928 in the Tagalog weekly,
Sampaguita. The memoirs were based
on his notes during the Revolution and
the records entrusted to him by the
original founders of Katipunan. The
memoirs begin in March 14, 1896 when
he accompanied Emilio Aguinaldo and
Raymond Mata to Manila for their
initiation into the Katipunan, and
concluded with the voluntary exile of
Aguinaldo and his companions to Hong
SECONDARY SOURCE: TEODORO
AGINCILLO’S “REVOLT OF THE
MASSES”
Teodoro A. Agoncillo was born in
Lemery, Batangas, on November 9,
1912. He is a noted Filipino historian,
poet, short story writer, editor, and
professor. He earned his Bachelor in
Philosophy degree in 1934 and Master
of Arts in 1939 at the University of the
Philippines. He was conferred the
degree of Doctor of Letters, "Honoris
Causa," by the Central Philippines
University in 1969
Before his career as an historian, he first
worked as a technical assistant in the
Institute of National Language, and
started writing Tagalog poems and short
stories until the 1940s. Agoncillo's
career as a historian started only in 1941
when he published his historical work.
Some of his distinguished books are
History of the Filipino People, The
Revolt of the Masses: The Story of
Bonifacio and the Katipunan, Malolos:
The Crisis of the Republic, and The
Fateful Years: Japan's Adventure in the
Philippines. Because of his outstanding
works as a historian, he was conferred as
a National Scientist in 1985. He died on
January 14, 1985.
The Seeds of Discontent was first
written in 1947 as the authorʼs winning
entry in a national Bonifacio
biography contest held in 1948. The
publication of this was in 1956 by the
College of Liberal Arts of the University
of the Philippines
 Kong.
MENTION OF DATE (S) MARCH 25, 1897 – The Assembly at
Tejeros was finally convened wherein the
two councils, Magdiwang and Magdalo,
discussed their own issues about the
kind of government that they have,
proceeding with the election of new
officials for the Republic of Philippines.
MARCH 27, 1897 – It was revealed that
a meeting was held at the Tanza parish
house and that the Supremo’s decision to
void the election was not respected and
was disregarded.
DECEMBER 1896 – Bonifacio
acceded the request to go to
Cavite and went together with his
wife and two brothers,
Ciriaco and Procopio
JANUARY 1897 - San Francisco de
Malabon was having
their fiesta when they were disturbed by
a series of rifle shots,
then later found out that it came from
the men of Captain
Mariano San Gabriel, a Magdiwang,
which resulted into a
misunderstanding between him and
General Alvarez.

MARCH 22, 1897 – There was a battle

between Magdalo and
the Spaniards, and the assembly at
Tejeros was convened
which was also the birthday of
Aguinaldo.

APRIL 1897 – The Spaniards captured

the town of Malabon
where Bonifacio stayed.

MENTION PLACE  Tejeros  Cavite

 Cavite  Batangas
 Talisay
 Nasugbu
 Tuwi
 Look
 Noveleta
 San Francisco de malabon
 Naik
 Montalban
 Marikina
 San Juan
 Imus
 Bacoor
 Kawit
 Tejeros
 Limbon
KEY PERSONALITIES  Supremo Andres Bonifacio Supremo Andres Bonifacio
Emilio Aguinaldo
Emilio Aguinaldo Daniel Tirona- Break the
 Daniel Tirona- Break the
meeting rules and insulted the
elected
Jose del Rosario
Pres. Baldomero Aguinaldo-
leader of Magdalo
Santiago V. Alvarez
(Magdiwang)
Mariano Alvarez
SEQUENCING OF The assembly at Tejeros was
EVENTS finally convened on March
25, 1897.
Mr. Andres Bonifacio, the
Supremo, won over Mr.
Mariano Alvarez as the
secretary of of the interior
There was a heated conflict
between Andres Bonifacio
and Daniel Tirono.
The Magdalo members did
not came to the reconciliation
meeting
The meeting had taken place
at the Tanza parish house and he
Supremo's decisions
regarding the election at the
friar estate house were not
respected.
At the gathering in the Tanza
parish house, those elected at
the Tejeros convention knelt
before a crucifix.
The Magdalo posted troops to
guard the Tanza parish house
for their oath-taking
ceremonies
meeting rules and insulted the
elected
Jose del Rosario
Pres. Baldomero Aguinaldo-
leader of Magdalo
The Katipunan of Cavite,
divided into two factions, the
Magdiwang and the Magdalo,
When Cavite led by its rival
factions, successfully rose in
revolt, the leaders fell into
disputes arising from the
desire of one group to lord it
over the other.
Andres Bonifacio was
invented by the Magdiwang
men to visit Cavite.
The preliminary meeting
arose misunderstanding
between the Magdalo leaders and
Bonifacio
Bonifacio was brought by the
rebel leaders to the house of
Juan Castaneda in Imus.
Misunderstanding existed
between the followers of the
Magdiwang and the Magdalo
The Magdalo group
strenuously objected and
insisted on an election.
The situation had not eased
up a bit when the leaders of
the Magdiwang planned to
hold another convention
A heated conflict between
Antonio Montenegro and
Santiago Alvarez
Andres Bonifacio and Daniel
Tirono incident
Bonifacio wrote from San
Francisco de Malabon to his
uncle-in-law, Mariano Alvarez
Andres Bonifacio discovered
the dirty works of the

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN The author focused more on
2 ACCOUNTS what happened during the
election and did not mention
any event that happened after
the election was done.
In this account, the
misunderstanding that arose
between General Apoy and
Mr. Montenegro.
Alvarez Memoir of a General
is straight to the point
narration.
It was concise, but it did not
lack in detail to understand
what went down during the
event.
meeting
Tackles on what happened
before the convention
occurred. The author
mentioned other significant
dates that weren’t stated in
the other account.
This account discussed the
misunderstanding that arose
between Santiago and
Montenegro
Compared to Alvararez, the
letter that Andres Bonifacio to
his uncle-in-law was more
concrete and clearly stated
what he truly felt.
Provides an thorough story-
telling about the events of the
Tejeros Convention. The
attention to detail that he
provided really made his
version believable