NAME: RUMPA DAS

ROLL NO: 0120021

PGDM 20-22
TOPIC: Product categories and their brands names
1) Descriptive brand names
These Type of brand names explain the service offered by the company in a proper
descriptive way. There’s hardly any room for creativity in the brand name since the name is
complete and simple which describes the occupation of the company.
The positive aspect of having a clear and clean brand name is that it describes the brand
story clearly and effectively to the audience, on the other hand, the negative part is that
when company things of diversification the same brand name doesn’t go with the new
product lines or business.
Examples include General Electric. The brand name is simple and communicates the
business to the customers but if at all General Electric decides to go into FMCG the brand
name may not appeal to customers and it would look out of place. Another similar example
would be General Motors.
2) Evocative Brand Name
These are considered a cornerstone of brand naming and brand positioning. The usually
singular very creative and act as powerful differentiators in the industry. There are exactly
on the opposite side of the creative spectrum and their names employee suggestion or a
metaphor to bring to the mind the powerful experience or the positioning of the brand.
Examples include Virgin, Nike, and Amazon. Owing to their originality and innovative brand
names they are much easier to remember. It is essential that they maintain their dignity in
the market by offering the products that suit their brand name since within an evocative
brand name comes to a great responsibility.
3) Invented brand name
The products which are entirely innovative or new and first in the market, naming such
products is a big challenge. That is when invented brand names come into the picture as
they help in naming a product which is introduced for the first time.
They are not only distinctive but they are articulate and offer creative name with attitude for
a brand. They are not at all easy to make but very easy to remember if it clicks with the
brand. Most of the times the Latin or Greek are used as a root word to create the brand
name. For example, Exxon, Verizon, Kodak etc.
They have no inherent definition assigned to them which is the most challenging part of
these Type of brand names. To ensure that they are very easy to remember marketers, tend
to spend a lot of money to establish their meaning in the minds of the customer.
4) Lexical brand names
These brand names rely entirely on the wordplay for their remembrance. Having a
combination of compound words, spellings and foreign words are the most popular styles of
naming this kind of brand name.
Lexical Brand Names are more often than not clever, and at times too clever to get their
impact on customers. Examples of the lexical brand name include Dunkin Donuts, Burger
King, Coca-Cola etc. These Type of brand names appeal mostly to contemporary audiences
who have been exposed to such names for a long time.
5) Acronym Brand Names
Most of the times acronym brand names are acronyms of the entire name of the company
which might be difficult to pronounce.
Acronyms have always been used as a brand name for a long time. IBM, KFC, UPS, NASA,
UNICEF, are few of the renowned Brand names. Recently company is the General Electric I
was were shifted to acronym brand names like GE or GM of General Motors. It is seen that
as a rule, acronyms are usually hard to remember for audiences and even harder to
trademark attorneys.
6) Geographical brand name
When the brand name includes the geography or territory in which the brand operates or
has given birth to them it is termed as the geographical brand name. Swiss military,
American Express, Boston Scientific, are few examples of geographical Type of brand names.
However, it is found that expanding such a business in different countries has its limitations
which comes with the geographical brand name. In countries where there are geographical
problems with a certain country or state, it would be hard to expand and adapt.
7) Founder brand names
Traditionally brand names have also been associated with the name of their founders and
the stretch is back early in time as old as Fords which is named after Henry Ford or Disney
which is named after Walt Disney, Carl Zeiss, Ben & Jerry’s Ice Cream etc.
The principles of founders are easily trademarked with the brand name and they can be
distinctive position correctly. It is also found that some companies have used certain names
of celebrities to promote their brands as a signature edition. For example, Angelina Jolie
signature edition of handbags from H&M. These are not classified as a founder brand name
but it is close to having a brand name on similar lines.
8) Historical brand names
This brand names associated with historical figures and names which have no relation with
the company but may indicate support of the company towards the particular historical
figure. For example, Tesla Motors.
9) Modern brand names
Brands these days are taking up names which have where is this meaning to the product or
service but the words are compound and complex and have different meanings and open to
interpretation. For example, blackberry, Facebook or Snapchat, Instagram etc.
Establishing a modern brand name requires promotion on a heavy scale to ensure that
people recall the brand name easily. The presence of a product or service that such a brand
name is offering, should be felt by the customer everywhere in order for them to recall the
brand name.
10) Mixed Brand Names
These are the ones that use a combination of one or more of the above categories. For
example, Telenor. Telenor is a Norwegian telecommunication company which uses half of
two words the first part describing the work and the industry they are in that is Telecom and
the second part describing its geography that is Norway.
Another example of the same would be Linkin Park, a musical band which derives its name
from Lincoln Park. Forex which is a combination of two words Foreign Exchange.