Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Zhao Yuanbio 2008
Zhao Yuanbio 2008
ZHAO Yuanbi (ვၐΣ), QIU Zumin (ᆣ)** and HUANG Jiaying (ܻޤ)
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
Abstract Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by the aqueous co-precipitation of FeCl3·6H2O and
FeC12·4H2O with addition of ammonium hydroxide. The conditions for the preparation of Fe3O4 magnetic nanopar-
ticles were optimized, and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles obtained were characterized systematically by means of
transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic laser scattering analyzer (DLS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The results revealed that the magnetic nanoparticles were cubic shaped and dispersive, with narrow size distribution
and average diameter of 11.4 nm. It was found that the homogeneous variation of pH value in the solution via the
control on the dropping rate of aqueous ammonia played a critical role in size distribution. The magnetic response
of the product in the magnetic field was also analyzed and evaluated carefully. A 32.6 mT magnetic field which is
produced by four ferromagnets was found to be sufficient to excite the dipole moments of 0.05 g Fe3O4 powder 2
cm far away from the ferromagnets. In conclusion, the Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with excellent properties were
competent for the magnetic carriers of targeted-drug in future application.
Keywords targeted-drug, Fe3O4, magnetic particle, nanometre
Fe3O4+4H2O. However, to get high magnetic response based on the co-precipitation of Fe3+ and Fe2+ with a
and uniform-sized Fe3O4 magnetic particles is hard, molar ratio of 3Ή2 [17] under the aqueous ammonia
(0.3 molǜL 1) as precipitating agent. Briefly, mixed
ˉ
especially the particle size should be in the nano-size
range. Furthermore, there is litter special research on and dissolved ferrous chloride tetrahydrate and ferric
preparation of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles used for chloride in 100 ml deionized water were under vigor-
targeted-drug [1416]. ous stiring and with the protection of nitrogen to
aqueous ammonia was added quickly (about 60 drop Table 3 Effect of concentration of Fe3+ and Fe2+
per minute) while a lot of brown depositions appeared Concentration of Average Magnetic
in the solution. When the pH value reached 6.0, the Colour
Fe2+, Fe3+/molǜL 1 diameter/nm response /g
ˉ ķ
colour of deposition changed to black; the titrating 0.010 10.4 0.0803 black brown
should be slowed down and be controlled at a definite
0.015 11.6 0.0837 black
rate until the pH value increased to around 11.0. The
other preparation conditions were the same as the 0.020 12.8 0.0828 black
standard conditions. 0.025 14.3 0.0819 black
Figure 1 shows the variation of the size distribu- 0.030 17.7 0.0833 black
tion under different dropping rates of aqueous ammo- ķ Magnetic response is out of 0.05 g magnetic powder with
nia when the pH value was titrated from 6.0 to 11.0. the ferromagnets 2 cm away.
The average diameter of samples varies from 11.6 to
28.8 nm as the increase of dropping rate. In addition,
the size distribution widens severely. Under the stable is high enough to create a large amount of crystal nu-
and slow dropping rate, the variation in pH is homo- cleus, but the growth of crystal nucleus is considera-
geneous and uniform all over the solution. Thus, the bly slow. Along with the increase of concentration, the
size distribution of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles particle size increases gradually. It is also found that
could be significantly narrowed down, and the uni- the magnetic response doesn’t change much with the
formity in the particles size can be greatly enhanced as total iron concentration increases. So the concentration
of Fe2+ and Fe3+ should be fixed at 0.015 molǜL 1.
ˉ
in Fig. 1 (a). In order to get Fe3O4 magnetic nanopar-
ticles with narrow size distribution, 68 dropsǜmin 1
ˉ
is chosen during the pH titration from 6.0 to 11.0. 3.5 Effect of reaction temperature
Colour
temperature/°C /nm /g
30 10.7 0.0770 black brown
40 11.1 0.0811 black
50 11.6 0.0837 black
(b) 1820 dropsǜminˉ1 (average diameter˙18.0 nm) 60 14.7 0.0764 black brown
70 23.2 0.0628 black brown
ķ Magnetic response is out of 0.05 g magnetic powder with
the ferromagnets 2 cm away.
Table 5 Effect of the PEG4000 dosage some extent, because the extremely small particle size
Dosage of Average Size Magnetic can get great specific surface area and surface energy.
Colour
PEG4000/g diameter/nm distribution/nm response /g
ķ
0.5 19.8 5120 nm 0.0746 black 3.8 Magnetic response of the Fe3O4 magnetic
1 11.6 520 nm 0.0837 black nanoparticles in the magnetic field
1.5 14.2 540 nm 0.0780 black
While the magnetic response of the magnetic
2 21.8 1060 nm 0.0671 black
material is an important essence for targeted drug in
2.5 38.8 2080 nm 0.0506 black brown clinical application, the magnetic response of the
ķ Magnetic response is out of 0.05 g magnetic powder with product in the magnetic field was analyzed and evalu-
the ferromagnets 2 cm away. ated by an electronic balance. 0.05 g Fe3O4 magnetic
nanoparticles prepared under the standard conditions
were tested. Different from the previous reports in
which the magnetization variation of magnetic parti-
cles were analyzed by vibrating-sample magnetometer
[23], this study evaluated the magnetic response of
magnetic particles through a Gauss/Tesla-Meter to give
more direct data for further research of targeted drug.
Firstly, the distance between ferromagnet and
Fe3O4 powder placed on the balance dish was changed
to explore its influence to magnetic response (Fig. 4).
The maximum density of the ferromagnet itself was
206.5 mT which was tested at 0 cm position from
ferromagnet.
Figure 2 XRD pattern of Fe3O4 nanoparticles