DRAGO'S RULE

GP 15 Hydrides
1070
NH BA

Plz 1930

Asks 192 Closet 90

site 1940
I 900
Bits

4gf.ttzI 1050

IS
BA 1900

J
Kse
Hate
LPO

PHz As Hz Sbb Bills BA 1900

 i

3 1
sp
but BA 900

No hybridisation
Explaination

occurs in
fact
purity

80
BA I 900

O
these molecule
l
P on CA
of
ogbitat
s
lie in pure
Stereochemical l p
Non
 rule
Drago's
CA 3rdPd and above
is
min One lip present
SA 2.5
en
of
CA undergoes
no hybridisation

molecules in different
Hybridisation of
GAS SOLID IÉ
1 Pas LPUILPUE
sp'd sp sp'd
Br
2 PBrs PBI
IT
3 PIs PII
4 Nus NOI Nos

5 312 IT Iz

6 4206 602 UI
7 Yet XeFst IF
8 Not Not no

PAs does not exist

Why whereas Pls
exist
Pt
SH X
Similarly
SFG

Regnaticity H to contract a
of
in hybridisation
orbital to participate
É

piste
F
Pfs
f I
F Phosphorous
gets the
charge
E
cannot
f layeEnergydiff
participate

orbital participate
which
in hybridisation
similar
are of nearly energy

can participate
in hybridisation
Stp

t
eff
contraction
d orb
of

Pts ft
p contraction not
recharge possible
i

PHS X

shot
I Hy X

Resonance
Incept of
is introduced to
resonance
conceptof
structure a molecule which
explain of v BT
cannot be explained by single
structure
Resonance in is said to occur
a
sp
when sp has more than one VBT

structure
cannot explain actual

IIe.tz.tt
E 2
Bond order no
of
03 bonds b'ween
bonded atom
two
H 1301
th H
0 2
0

H
a
I 1
f's
2
1130

IgÉ ÉÉ IO O
 secy
VBT Structure
is not able
actual
to explain molecule
In more than one
Actual molecule fact vet structure
O present
C 0 All Bond length
are same

Resonance occurs
b'ween
Explain
all V13 T structure
a e's
Delocalisation of occurs

O it
8 YEE E E
I N
E p S O

Rs Rsa Rsa

Resonating
 ng
structure all structure
theoretical contribute
i
structure 2,3
e localised
t A bond
0 213

73
of Resonance Hybrid
is close to
33
actual
1 molecule
BO 43

raid only
if thingy in case

of equivalent
Rs
valid
called resonating
IV Bt structure are

contribute to
structures Rs
they RH which
give resonating hybrid
real structure
is close to
 V BT
RS D RH
y
I closeto seal
Txt
Theoretical
Structure

Stab Rn Rs

t
RS Ry Energy
de
Resonance
Resame Energy
1stabitty
energy

Resonance in
soft
 i i e
0
04 0
110 4
I
r e
69 0
18 o
I
do
o
o

p
5 ok
to
O Ya

4
130 1.5

5052
13 3.3375 0
 RS 4
AOE
130 7 U O
4

Rs 3
605 1.66 U O
BO

NOI 125 2
N O
130 1 5

NOE 125 3
O
N
130 1 33

Resonance in Benzene

616
BO
Egg 24 1.5

888 8
 00 00
RS Rsa

Delocalisation

oft

1.5
BoofE
Rs
equivalent
Comparing stability of
non

molecule Polar
Non polar molecule
f
charge differential

Compaincture
stab 2 I
 U dipole moment
I
d
qx
non Cn Cn cuz
CHE I
polar t
Polar che ch I it
I
Polar Enz cu cu oh 2
It more
distance
I b'ween
Stab I II
charge
I less
stab
the stabilise
charge
atom and
re
more or less en
en atom
more
charge stabilise
on

i
s

s to 5 t
Stab I 7 I

amongst ionic
comparing stability structure
covalent bond more
1 Structure having
octet is
each atom has complete
most stable

2 the stabilises
charge and re
less en atom
more on
en atom
more
charge stabilise on

R É E R C 8
p I I 5
more en
lessen

stab I I X

Infact
 I I

RE E e R c 8
t
j 3 covalent
2 Covalent bond
bond
atom in molecule

HalidI portent like old

complete octet

cuz en É iz cu
E
e

IIF RS
incomplete octet

Back bonding
concept of
 coordinate A Bond

overlap to internuclear
PBony axis

ji
orb
vacant filled p
Orb B

i
A Accepts
B Donor

Brand
Asf
Effective back bonding
D A
2ndpd 2ndPd
 3rd Pd 3rd Pd

2 2
Back bonding
2 3 occurs
3 z

NO Back bonding
3 3 X

Raze 2 4
2 5
observed