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Mcu-Fdt Medical Foundation College of Medicine Department of Biochemistry
Mcu-Fdt Medical Foundation College of Medicine Department of Biochemistry
Mcu-Fdt Medical Foundation College of Medicine Department of Biochemistry
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
NAME: DATE:
1.The protein enzymes are inactive without the co-enzyme. What is the function of co-
enzyme in a chemical reaction?
A. Alter the equilibrium constant
B. Increase the rate of the
reaction C. Maintain the pH of
the reaction D. Transfer activated
group
Reference: Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry by: Murray, et al. pp. 50 MPL 0.5
2.Michaelis- Menten constant (Km ) can be determined more accurately by using the:
A. Lineweaver-Burk plot C. Hill equation
B. Michaelis- Menten graph D. Eadie-Hofstee plot
Reference: p p. 6 6 MPL 0.5
4.Assay of plasma enzymes aids diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Harry has an
episode of chest pain, assay of which of the following enzymes is of help in the
diagnosis?
A. Alkaline phosphatase C. Lactate dehydrogenase
B. Acid phosphatase D. Amylase
Reference: p p. 5 7 MPL 1.0
11. Which of the following enzymes protects our tissues from oxygen toxicity caused
by the superoxide free radical?
A. Oxidoreductases C. Superoxide dismutase
B. Oxygenases D. Hydroperoxidases
Reference: p p. 9 1 MPL 0.5
12. Juana, 65 year old has been taking vitamin E as an antioxidant to keep herself stay
“young” looking. What is the action of vitamin E?
A. Act as scavengers of free radicals and reduce the toxicity of oxygen.
B.Act as nutrients for the skin
C.Prevent radiation from the sun
D. Keep the integrity of the mucosa intact
Reference: p p. 9 1 MPL 0.5
14. This molecule accepts the electrons from cytochrome aa3 found in complex IV:
A. CO C. O2
B. CO2 D. H2O
Reference: p p. 9 4 MPL 0.5
15. Marie took two scoops of ice cream, a plate of pancit Malabon, and 2 slices of garlic
bread. The carbohydrates content in her food has to be converted to which of the
following for metabolism?
A. Glucose C. Mannose
B. Galactose D. Lactose
Reference: p p. 1 10 MPL 1.0
16. Roman, after doing his anaerobic exercise in the morning,.what is the end product in
his exercising muscle?
A. Lactate C. CO2 and water
B. Pyruvate D. Acetyl CoA
Reference: p p. 1 43 MPL 1 .0
18. Which of the following enzymes provides a link between glycolysis and CAC?
A. Acetyl CoA carbooxylase C. Pyruvate decarboxylase
B.Pyruvate carboxylase D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
Reference: p p. 1 40 MPL 0.5
19. Mang David, was admitted to the hospital because of hypoglycemia, lactic acidemia,
ketosis and hyperlipemia, liver biopsy done and was diagnosed to have Von
Gierke’s disease. His signs and symptoms are due to the deficiency / absence of
which of the following enzymes?
A. Liver phosphorylase C. Glucose 6-
phosphatase B. Liver phosphorylase kinase D. Debranching
enzyme
Reference: p p. 1 52 MPL 0.33
21. Alex is under cortisol therapy, later he develops hyperglycemia, this is due to
increase:
A. Oxidation of free fatty acids in the
liver B. Glycogenesis
C. Peripheral utilization of glucose
D. Hepatic production of glucose by gluconeogenesis
Reference: p p. 1 61 MPL 0.33
22. Carlos is diagnosed as having a genetic defect specifically in the enzyme pyruvate
carboxylase. Other biotin containing enzymes are functioning normally. Which of
the following substances can be used as a substrate for gluconeogenesis by Carlos?
A. Alanine C. L actate
B. Glycerol D. Pyruvate
Reference: p p. 1 59 MPL 0.33
26. Elena is diagnosed to have familial fructokinase deficiency, but she does not present
any symptoms. This is because:
A. Excess fructose spills into the bowel and eliminated in the feces
B. Hexokinase can phosphorylate fructose
C. Liver fructose 1-phosphate aldolase is still active
D. Most tissues utilizes fructose
Reference: p p. 1 67 MPL 0.33
27. Respiratory distress syndrome seen in premature infants is due to the absence
of which of the following lipids?
A. Phosphatidylglycerol C. Phosphatidyl ethanolamine
B. Galactosyl ceramide D. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
Reference: p p. 1 15,202 MPL 1.0
28. An increased in which of the following hormones will increase fatty acid synthesis:
A. Glucagon C. Epinephrine
B. Insulin D. Protein kinase
Reference: p p. 1 78 MPL 0.33
29. Leon, after taking a fatty meal, the fatty acids can be converted to energy by the β -
oxidation. What are the end products of β - oxidation?
A. Acetoacetates C. Malonyl CoAs
B. Acetyl CoAs D. Propionyl CoAs
Reference: p p. 1 81 MPL 0.5
30. Liver cannot use ketone bodies as a source of energy primarily because they
lack which of the following enzymes?
A. Acetoacetate succinyl-CoA transferase
B. β -hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
C. Hydroxy-methyglutaryl-CoA lyase
D. Hydroxy-methyglutaryl-CoA synthase
Reference: p p. 1 86 MPL 0.25
31. Alex is diagnosed to have coronary heart disease. Which of the following diet
would you recommend to him? A diet:
A. Consists purely of saturated fatty acids
B. Consists purely of unsaturated fatty
acids
C. Which has a high ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids
D. Which has a high ratio of saturated fatty acids to polyunsaturated fatty acids
Reference: p p. 1 90 MPL 0.5
32. Which of the following statements best described essential fatty acids?
A. Cannot be degraded by the body
B. Are the only fatty acids important in the body
C. Cannot be synthesized by the body
D. Are not important in the diet
Reference: p p.190 MPL 1.0
33. Juan, after a high caloric diet consisting of fats and carbohydrates the excess calories
is stored as triacylglycerols in the adipose tissue. Which of the following statements
is NOT true for the synthesis of triacylglycerols in adipose tissues?
A. Coenzyme A is required
B. Fatty acids are obtained from chylomicrons and VLDL
C. Glycerol 3-phosphate is derived from glucose
D. A 2-monoglyceride is an intermediate
Reference: p p. 1 99 MPL 0.25
34. Anita was diagnosed to have multiple sclerosis, this is a demyelinating disease due to
a loss of which of the following lipids?
A. Plasmalogen and sphingolipids
B. Cephalin and sphingolipids
C. Neuraminic acid and lysolecithin
D. Sialic acid and ceramide
Reference: p p. 2 32 MPL 0.25
35. Henry has a genetic defect resulting in a deficiency of lipoprotein lipase. After eating
a fatty meal, one would expect to see elevation of which of the following in the
plasma?
A. H DLs C. V LDLs
B. LDLs D. Chylomicrons
Reference: p p. 2 07 MPL 1.0
37. Joseph took two pieces of fried eggs with bacon for his breakfast. How is
the cholesterol in the eggs and bacons be excreted from his body? As:
A. B ile C. ile p igments
B
B. Bilirubin D. Bile acids
Reference: p p.229 MPL 0.5
38. Ana, a vegetarian, the cholesterol needed by her in the synthesis of all other steroids
in the body can be provided by which of the following substrates?
A. Acetyl CoA C. Glycine
B. Alanine D. Succinyl CoA
Reference: p p. 2 29 MPL 1.0
39. Andy is resting after an overnight fast, which of the following events is true?
A. Fatty acids are stored in the adipose triacylglycerol
B. Liver gluconeogenesis is an important process for maintaining blood glucose
C. Liver glycogen stores are completely depleted
D. Muscle glycogen stores are used to maintain blood glucose
Reference: p p. 2 34 MPL 0.5
40. Which of the following substances is being exported by the skeletal muscle in
the post prandial state?
A. Alanine C. Ketone bodies
B. G lycerol D. lucose
G
Reference: p p. 1 34 MPL 0.5
41. Which of the following substances is released by the adipose tissue and converted to
pyruvate by the liver in the fasting state?
A. Fatty acids C. Ketone bodies
B.Glycerol D. Lactate
Reference: p p. 2 34 MPL 0.5
42. Liza has just taken her lunch, which of the following events is NOT true?
A. The brain oxidizes glucose to carbon dioxide and water
B. Red blood cells oxidize glucose to carbon dioxide and water
C. Liver glycogen stores increase
D. Adipose triacylglycerol stores increase
Reference: p p. 2 32 MPL 0.5
43. Compared to his state after an overnight fast, a person who has fasted for one
week will have:
A. Higher levels of blood ketone bodies
B. Higher levels of blood glucose
C. More adipose tissue
D. More muscle protein
Reference: p p. 2 36 MPL 0.5
46. The non-essential amino acids synthesized from nutritionally essential amino acids
are:
A. Cysteine and proline C. Tyrosine and cysteine
B. Proline and tyrosine D. Cysteine and serine
Reference: p p.238-239 MPL 0.5
48. Depletion of α -ketoglutarate during hyperammonemia leads to the formation of:
A. Arginine C. Histidine
B. Glutamine D. Proline
Reference: p p. 2 44 MPL 0.5
49. Genetic deficiency of any of the urea cycle enzymes usually results in the elevated
levels of:
A. Arginine C. NH4+
B. Citrulline D. Ornithine
Reference: p p. 2 47 MPL 1.0
51. A test dose of this amino acid provides a diagnostic test for folic acid deficiency:
A. Histidine C. Serine
B. G lycine D. Glutamate
Reference: p p. 2 50 MPL 0.5
53. The following specialized products are derived from glycine, EXCEPT:
A. Creatine C. Histamine
B. Heme D. Purine
Reference: p p. 2 64 MPL 1.0
54. The normal brown-red color of feces results from the presence of
A. Bilirubin C. Urobilinogen
B. Biliverdin D. Urobilins
Reference: p p. 2 81 MPL 1.0
56. Sunshine is fond of drinking coffee, what methylated purine is found in coffee?
A. H ydroxyurea C. Caffeine
B. Fluorouracil D. Thiouracils
Reference: p p. 2 89 MPL 1.0
57. What is the first nucleotide moiety that is synthesized by de novo purine synthesis?
A. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
B. Cystidine monophosphate (CMP)
C. Guanosine monophosphate (GMP)
D. Insosine monophosphate (IMP)
Reference: p p. 2 95 MPL 0.5
58. The hereditary x-linked recessive condition known as the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is
due to a severe, or complete deficiency of which of following enzymes activity?
A. Ribonucleotide reductase
B. PRPP synthetase
C. Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
D. Adenine phosphoriboxyltransferase
Reference: p p. 3 00 MPL 0.5
59. Which of the following statements is NOT true about what xanthine can be?
A. A direct precursor of guanine
B. A product of the enzyme xanthine oxidase
C. A substrate of the enzyme xanthine oxidase
D. Oxidized to form uric acid
Reference: p p. 2 99 MPL 0.5
61. If the guanine content of double-helical DNA is 30% of the total bases, the thymine
content would be:
A. 1 0% C. 3 0%
B. 20% D. 40%
Reference: p p. 3 03 MPL 1.0
63. Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal
hemoglobin molecule. The mutational event responsible for the mutation in theβ -
chain is:
A. Deletion C. Nondisjunction
B.Inserion D. Point mutation
Reference: p p. 3 63 MPL 0.5
64. One form of β -thalassemia has been shown to result from which defect in the β -
globin gene?
A. Loss of the transcriptional initiation sequences
B. Loss of the transcriptional termination sequences
C. Loss of the ribosome recognition sequences
D. Loss of the splicing consensus sequences within one introns
Reference: p p. 3 54 MPL 0.25
68. A system of contiguous structural genes and controlling elements for the synthesis
of various enzymes in a metabolic pathway is best described as a/an:
A. Cistron C. Genome
B. Codon D. Operon
Reference: p p. 3 75-376 MPL 0.5
69. Which of the following is most responsible for regulating the level of eukaryotic
mRNA gene products?
A. Chromatin structure C. Transcriptional initiation
B. Transcript transport D. Translational initiation
Reference: p p. 3 91 MPL 0.33
71. This type of ion channels in the cells that opens in response to a change in membrane
potential:
A. External ligand – gated C. Voltage - gated
B. Internal ligand – gated D. Mechanically gated
Reference: p p. 4 24 MPL 0.5
72. What is the direct effect of cAMP in the protein kinase pathway in hormone actions?
A. Activate adenylate cyclase
B. Dissociate regulatory subunits from protein kinase
C. Phosphorylate protein kinase
D. Release hormones from target tissues
Reference: p p. 4 60 MPL 0.33
75. Which of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine?
A. Endorphins C. Insulin
B. Glucagons D. Thyroxine
Reference: p p. 4 47 MPL 1 .0
76. Hormonal stimulation of the formation of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-
triphosphate (IP3) quickly leads to the release of which other intracellular
messenger?
A. Calcium C. Prostaglandin
B. cAMP D. Thromboxane
Reference: p p. 4 63 MPL 0.33
77. Niacin is not strictly a vitamin since it can be synthesized in the body from this
essential amino acid:
A. P roline C. T hreonine
B. Valine D. Tryptophan
Reference: p p. 4 90 MPL 1.0
78. Deficiency of this vitamin causes functional folate deficiency or the so-called “folate
trap”:
A. Pyredoxine C. Cobalamin
B. Riboflavin D. Biotin
Reference: p p. 4 94 MPL 1.0
79. This vitamin is the major lipid-soluble anti-oxidant in cell membranes and
plasma lipoproteins:
A. A C. E
B. D D. K
Reference: p p. 4 86 MPL 1.0
80. This is an intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol that accumulates in the skin:
A. 7 - dehydrocholesterol C. Calcidiol
B. Cholecalciferol D. Calcitriol
Reference: p p. 4 84 MPL 0.5
82. Nene took a piece of cake that contains flour, milk, and sucrose as its primary
ingredients, after digestion which of the following in NOT a carbohydrate
products that enter the bloodstream?
A. Ribose C. Galactose
B. Fructose D. Glucose
Reference: p p. 4 74 MPL 0.5
83. Jose after eating a piece of fried chicken, the first enzyme to digest the protein of
the chicken meat is:
A. Amylase C. Chymotrypsin
B. Pepsin D. Trypsin
Reference: p p. 4 77 MPL 1.0
86. What is the major protein responsible for 75-80% of the osmotic pressure of human
plasma?
A. α -Globulin C. Fibrinogen
B. β -Globulin D. Albumin
Reference: p p. 5 84 MPL 1.0
90. The flexibility of the RBC membrane is due to the presence of:
A. Lipids C. Integral protein
B. Peripheral proteins D. Carbohydrates
Reference: p p. 6 16 MPL 0.5
91. The entry of glucose into the red blood cell is by:
A. Simple diffusion C. Primary active transport
B. Facilitated diffusion D. Secondary active transport
Reference: p p. 6 11 MPL 1.0
92. The respiratory burst that occurs during phagocytosis is due to the action of:
A. Catalase C. NADPH oxidase
B. Myeloperoxidase D. Superoxide dismutase
Reference: p p. 6 22 MPL 0.33
93. The enzyme present in neutrophils which is responsible for the green color of the pus
and whose deficiency causes recurrent infections:
A. Defensins C. Myeloperoxidase
B. Integrins D. NADPH oxidase
Reference: p p. 6 23 MPL 0.33
97. Zeny, five months pregnant, her nitrogen balance is expected to be:
A. At equilibrium C. Negative
B. Positive D. Variable
Reference: p p. 4 79 MPL 1.0
98. Joel for the past years always have excess caloric intake. Which of the following
diseases is NOT associated with overnutirtion?
A. Cancer C. Marasmus
B. Hypertension D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Reference: p p. 4 80 MPL 1.0
99. Vitamin D is required for the intestinal absorption of which of the following
minerals?
A. Calcium C. Iron
B. Magnesium D. Copper
Reference: p p. 4 77 MPL 1.0
100. Alicia always maintain a balanced diet, which substances in her diet is NOT an
energy source?
A. Carbohydrate C. Fibers
B. Lipid D. Lipid
Reference: p p. 4 80 MPL 1.0