Critical Book Review task

INDEFINITE INTEGRAL

DINDA ANGGITA MAYSARAH

4183141061

BILINGUAL BIOLOGY EDUCATION 2018

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE

STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN

2019

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 FOREWORD

Praise the presence of God. For all the blessings and prizes from the paper entitled
"Critical Book Review of Calculus in the chapter is Indefinite Integral Calculus" arranged to
completion. We do not forget to thank the parties who helped us in helping and supporting us to
prepare this paper. I hope this paper can be useful for many people and as a teaching material for
me to make better papers in the future both to improve the form and content contained in it,
because of the limited knowledge that we have, we believe there are still many short arrivals in
writing this, therefore I really hope for constructive suggestions and criticism from readers for
the perfection of this paper.

Medan, March 2019

Reviewer

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 LIST OF CONTENT

FOREWORD i

LIST OF CONTENT ii

CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1

A. Background 1
B. Formulation of The Problem 1
C. Objectives 2
D. Identity of The Book 2

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION 3

A. Discussion of The Book 3

B. Advanteges and Disadvantages 7

CHAPTER III CLOSING 8

A. Conclution 8
B. Suggestion 8

BIBLIOGRAPHY 9

ATTACHMENT 10

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 CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. Background
There is a connection between integral calculus and differential calculus. The
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus relates the integral to the derivative, and we will see
in this chapter that it greatly simplifies the solution of many problems. The principles of
integration were formulated independently by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm
Leibniz in the late 17th century, who thought of the integral as an infinite sum of
rectangles of infinitesimal width. Bernhard Riemann gave a rigorous mathematical
definition of integrals. It is based on a limiting procedure that approximates the area of a
curvilinear region by breaking the region into thin vertical slabs. Beginning in the
nineteenth century, more sophisticated notions of integrals began to appear, where the
type of the function as well as the domain over which the integration is performed has
been generalised. A line integral is defined for functions of two or more variables, and
the interval of integration [a, b] is replaced by a curve connecting the two endpoints. In a
surface integral, the curve is replaced by a piece of a surface in three-dimensional space.
In mathematics, an integral assigns numbers to functions in a way that can describe
displacement, area, volume, and other concepts that arise by combining infinitesimal
data. Integration is one of the two main operations of calculus, with its inverse operation,
differentiation, being the other. Given a function f of a real variable x and an interval [a,
b] of the real line, the definite integral. The operation of integration, up to an additive
constant, is the inverse of the operation of differentiation. For this reason, the term
integral may also refer to the related notion of the antiderivative, a function F whose
derivative is the given function f. In this case, it is called an indefinite integral. so, how to
solve problems related to indefinite integrals? for this reason the paper presents problems
and problem solving from indefinite integrals in calculus
B. Formulation of The Problem
1. What is meant by indefinite integrals in science calculus?
2. What are the properties found in indefinite integrals?
3. How do you solve the questions on indefinite integrals?

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C. Objectives
1. To review the calculus book related to indeterminate integral material.
2. To find out the difference between the main book and the comparison book.
3. To broaden knowledge about Integral Calculus.
4. In order to be able to think critically about information presented in the two books
reviewed.
D. Identity of Book
1. The Main Book
a. Title : Calculus
b. Edition : Sevent edition
c. Author : James Stewart
d. Publisher : Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning
e. City of publication : Canada
f. ISBN : 978-0-8400-5818-8
2. The Comparison Book
a. Title : Diktat Kalkulus I
b. Edition :-
c. Author : Drs. Warsoma Djohan M.Si. and Dr. Wono Setya Budhi
d. Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung
e. City of publication : Bandung
f. ISBN :-

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 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Discussion of The Book

1. Introduction of indefinite integrals
a. Main book
Both parts of the Fundamental Theorem establish connections between
antiderivatives and definite integrals. Part 1 says that if f is continuous, then

x b

∫ f ( t ) dtis an antiderivative of f . Part 2 says that∫ f ( x ) dx can be found by

a a

evaluating F(b)-F(a), where F is an antiderivative of f. We need a convenient

notation for antiderivatives that makes them easy to work with. Because of the
relation given by the Fundamental Theorem between antiderivatives and integrals,

the notation∫ f ( x ) dx is traditionally used for an antiderivative of and is called an

indefinite integral. Thus

So we can regard an indefinite integral as representing an entire family of

functions (one antiderivative for each value of the constant C).(Stewart, 2012)
b. Comparison book
In general if F (x) = x2 + c, with c ∈ R, applies F’(x) = 2x, In this section the
reverse process of the derivative will be studied. Given F’(x) = x2, specify the rule
F (x). Our guess: F (x) = x2 + c with c any real number. Are there other answers?
Use the following properties to answer:
Properties:

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 Let F and G be two functions with properties F’(x) = G(x) then there is a constant
c so that F (x) = G (x) + c

The function F is called the anti derivative of the function f,

denoted A (f) or ∫ f ( x ) dx if F’(x) = f (x)

The picture next shows the anti derivative of f (x) = 2 x (red curve). The anti
derivative is f (x) = x2 + c which is a green curve.(Budhi & Setya, 2007)
c. Conclution
The operation of integration, up to an additive constant, is the inverse of the
operation of differentiation. For this reason, the term integral may also refer to the
related notion of the antiderivative, a function F whose derivative is the given
function f. In this case, it is called an indefinite integral and is written:
F ( x )=∫ f ( x ) dx

2. Indefinite integrals properties

a. Main book
The effectiveness of the Fundamental Theorem depends on having a supply of
antiderivatives of functions. We therefore restate the Table of Antidifferentiation
Formulas , together with a few others, in the notation of indefinite integrals. Any
formula can be verified by differentiating the function on the right side and obt
aini ng the integrand. For instance,

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 We adopt the convention that when a formula for a general indefinite integral is
given, it is valid only on an interval. Thus we write

with the understanding that it is valid on the interval (0, ∞) or on the interval (-
∞,0). This is true despite the fact that the general antiderivative of the function
f(x)=1/x2, x≠0, is

Substitution rule
If u=g ( x )is a differentiable function whose range is an interval I and f is
continuous on I , then

∫ f ( g ( x ) ) g' ( x ) dx=∫ f ( u ) du
Thus the Substitution Rule says: It is permissible to operate with dx and du after
integral signs as if they were differentials

b. Comparison book
Indefinite integral properties :

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 c. Conclution
There are many traits in the execution of definite integral calculus questions, both
linear and trigonometric properties, in which we only need to match the questions
given with the formulas that have been provided so that the questions can be done
as well as possible.

3. Example of Indefinite Integral

Example in Main Book
Find the general indefinite integral
4 2
∫ ¿ ¿x -2sec x) dx
Solution : using our convertion and Table, we have
4 2
∫ ¿ ¿ -2sec x) dx = 10 ∫ x 4 dx – 2 ∫ sec 2x) dx

x4
= 10 – 2 tan x + C = 2x5 – 2 tan x + C
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You should check this answer by differentiating it.

Figure 1

The Indefinite integral in Example 1 is graphed

in Figure 1 for several values of C. here the
value of C is the y-intercept.

Example in the Comparison Book

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 dy x−3 x 2
Determine the solution of = which passes point (0,1)
dx y2
Solution :
y2dy = x + 3x2 dx
2 2
∫y dy = ∫ x +3 x + dx

y3 1 2 3
= x + x + c`
3 2
1 2 3
y=
√
3

2
x + x +c

1 2 3
(0,1) c= 1, so y=
√
3

2
x + x +1

The solution search method uses the variable separation method. The principle of this
method is to collect all the terms that contain the variable x with dx and which
contains the variable y with dy.

B. Advanteges and Disadvantages

1. The Main Book
In the main book, the contents of the material are interesting and complete starting
from the introduction in certain integrals, explanations with graphics and drawings,
examples of questions and discussion, and the questions given are sufficient and can
hone skills in science calculus. The disadvantage of this book is that there is no
specific method in the separation of variables as presented in the comparison book.

2. The Comparison Book

In the comparison book of material content is also interesting and adequate, equipped
with graphic images that support understanding of the material, the shortcomings of
this book can be seen from the lack of examples of questions presented and no
discussion of these examples, so when you want to work on the questions contained
in the book we have no reference in working on the problem.

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 CHAPTER III

CLOSING

A. Conclution
The operation of integration, up to an additive constant, is the inverse of the operation of
differentiation. For this reason, the term integral may also refer to the related notion of the
antiderivative, a function F whose derivative is the given function f. In this case, it is

called an indefinite integral and is written : F ( x )=∫ f ( x ) dx. There are many traits in the
execution of definite integral calculus questions, both linear and trigonometric properties,
in which we only need to match the questions given with the formulas that have been
provided so that the questions can be done as well as possible.

B. Suggestion
Based on the content described in the two books, in my opinion a better book is Calculus
by James Stewart because the complete content, tersemn systematically, is equipped with
examples of questions and discussions, pictures, graphics and also many questions related
to the material presented in this book, for the future if an author wants to make a book it is
expected that in addition to describing the contents also added examples of questions,
pictures, graphics, and other things that support the readers' understanding of the book and
also for the book to be feasible both nationally and internationally.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Budhi, D. W. D. M. S., & Setya, D. W. (2007). DIKTAT KALKULUS 1. Bandung: Institut

Teknologi Bandung.

Stewart, J. (2012). Calculus seventh Edition. (Jennifer Staller, Ed.) (Seventh). canada:
Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.

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ATTACHMENT

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